Tài liệu Hawaiian Cultural History pptx

The lehua of the misty face brings mist.. The lehua of the misty face brings mist.. The mist unafraid of the cold, The cold of the pathway of life.. Mauna Hina is a pathway directing man

A Culture History of Hawai’i

By Hanna Beth “Po’o ‘Ele’ele” Blum

and Chris “Kilika” Liang

November 12, 2001

Wafted is the breath of the lau’e fern.

The essence of the beloved waters alights like mist.

Beloved is the covering of the sea spray, Drawing concealment listening, inquiring intently

The lehua of the misty face brings mist

The lehua of the misty face brings mist.

The mist unafraid of the cold, The cold of the pathway of life

Mauna Hina is a pathway directing mankind

Perhaps it is just I who will succumb

Perhaps you and I, or the large assembly, will Succumb Wait!

Cold, just cold!

Mapu ka hanu o ka laua’e Mapu noe ka poli o ka wai aloha

Aloha I ke kapa ‘ehu kai, Hauki palai, huki, lohe, noi kahau.

Noe mai la ka lehua makanoe.

Noe ka lehua makanoe, Noe wiwo’ole I ke anu, Anu I ke ala kipapa ola e, Ala e kuhikuhi lima kanaka ‘o Mauna Hina e.

E hina no paha ‘o wau wale no.

E hina no paha e kaua, e ka’aha nui e.

Alia lae!

He anu, he anu wale no

More History…get excited

• 1820 - First missionaries arrived from Boston

• 1835 - Established sugar cane plantations

• 1848 - King Kamehameha III proclaimed the Great Mahele (division), changing the concept of land ownership

• 1850 – Foreigners can buy land and work in sugar and

pineapple plantations

• 1893 – Coup forces Queen Liliuokalani to abdicate thrown Monarchy is overthrown

• 1894 – Republic of Hawaii is established

• 1900 – US annexes Hawaii and creates the Territory of Hawaii

• 1941 – Pearl Harbor bombing

• 1950 – Hawaii becomes the 50th state of the Union

In the beginning…

• Po – vast and empty land

• Spirit Keawe formed the sky and sun from Po’a, a single flame

• Transformed into Nawahine (daughter) and Kane (sun-god)

• Royal family:

- Ku (war) - Lake (hula)

- Lono (wisdom, rain) - Hina (underwater)

- Kane (natural phenomenon) - Papa (nature)

- Kanaloa (fishermen) -Milu (spirit world)

Poli’ahu

Polynesian Voyage

Two legends

 Hawai’iloa, a fisherman from land of Ka’Aina Kai Melemelea

Kane (land of the yellow sea of Kane)

- Big Island named after him

- Maui, Kaua’I, and O’ahu named after his sons

- All Hawaiians are his descendents

 Tafa’i (son of underwater goddess) saw volcanoes undersea and

fished up the islands

 Strong connection between legends of discovery and fishing

• Sails made from coconut

or pandulus leaves woven together

• Could travel 2000 miles (Hawai’i to Tahiti)

• Faster than Cpt Cook’s ships

• No navigational equipment

A deck bridged two hulls

for longer voyages

Ancient Culture

• Culturally similar to inhabitants of Tonga and Somoan Islands

• Language, archeological, and biological

evidence points to Hiva (Marquesa) Islands

Captain Cook

• British sailor

• 3 voyages to Pacific

• 1778 landed in Waimea, Kaua'I;

received in peace

• 1778 – returned to distrusting Hawaiians; perished on the beach

HMS Resolution

Tropical Sounds

• Mele – chant

• Percussion instruments

– Ipu – dried gourd

– ‘Ili’ili – water worn

The Sacred Art of Hula

• Laka – goddess of the hula

• Ancient hula (Hula kahiko)

– Dances and chanting during ceremonies

– Proud and somber history, customs

• Modern Hula (Hula auwana)

– Spirited dance

– Multicultural practice

“Hula is the language of the people and therefore

the heartbeat of the Hawaiian people”

King David Kalakaua

Come on I wanna lei ya

• Stringing of individual flowers on a strand

• Many types, unique for each island

Lei niho palaoa

•Ancient symbol of rank

•Shell, bone, human hair

“May Day is Lei Day in Hawai’i”

Fragrant vine

Common lei

Peace offering

Graduation

A Hawai’ian feast

• War victories, marriages, harvests, royalty

•Important to honor gods, share good fortune

•Cook food in an imu

•Popular tourist activity

When the colonialist arrived they had the Bible, and we had the land They said,

“Hallelujah! Let us pray,” and suggested that we pray with our eyes closed When

we opened our eyes,

we had the Bible, and they had the land .

“Progress and Enlightenment to

benighted savages”

•Religion

•Education

•Racial Hierarchy

Educational Rationale

Concept Native

Hawaiian Western Intellect Feelings &

Emotions Included

Separation of Cognitive & Affective Domains

Knowledge Learning Has

Aesthetic or Practical Use

Theory Vs Practice Still Unresolved

Who Decides?

• Elimination of

Stage 2. . .

3 rd

•Between World Wars

•Segregation

Stage

• Newfound Respect for

Fourth Stage

State Constitution: Article X, Sect 4

“The State shall promote the study of Hawaiian culture, history, and language.”

English and Hawaiian Recognized as Official

Languages

Lake Pu’uWaiau

• Sacred to Native Hawaiians

• 10 telescopes on Mauna Kea

• Hawaiian graffitti