Tài liệu The Complete Guide to the TOEFL iBTI Listening part 3 doc

© Tina's plan for the coming school year © Tina’s volunteer work for Professor Grant © Tina’s vacation in Europe © An archaeology class that they both took » Listen to a conversation

Notes:

1 What is the main topic of this conversation?

©) Professor Quinn’s approach to teaching

© The process of getting a student identification card

© Procedures for checking out reserve materials

© Several recent articles in political science journals

» Listen to a conversation between two students G)

Notes:

Lesson 9: Main-Topic and Main-Purpose Questions 263

2 What is the main subject of the speakers’ conversation?

©) Tina's plan for the coming school year

©) Tina’s volunteer work for Professor Grant

© Tina’s vacation in Europe

© An archaeology class that they both took

» Listen to a conversation between a student and an administrator Gp

Notes:

3 Why does Mark Covelli want to speak to Ms Kirchner?

© He wants to pay for a meal plan that his parents signed him up for

© He doesn’t want to eat in the dormitory at all

© He wants to change from Meal Plan 1 to Meal Plan 2

© He wants to eat three meals a day at the dormitory

» Listen to a conversation between two students Gp

Notes:

4 What are these two people mainly discussing?

© Arace that the man and his friends will enter

© Some problems that the man has with his car

© A famous race held in Australia

©) Difficulties involved in using solar-powered cars

Lesson 9: Main-Topic and Main-Purpose Questions 265

» Listen to a conversation between two students G)

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5 What is the main topic of this conversation?

© The requirements for getting into a photography class

©) The steps required to put together an art portfolio

©) Professor Lyle's style of photography

©) The difference between color and black-and-white photography

EXERCISE 9.2

Focus: Answering main-topic/main-purpose questions about lectures and discussions

Directions: Listen to the lectures/discussions and the main-topic/main-purpose

questions about them Then mark the answer choices that correctly answer the

questions You may take notes on the lectures/discussions in the space allowed in

the book or on another sheet of paper As you take notes, try to decide what the

main topic/main purpose of the lecture/discussion is and underline it in your

notes You may use your notes to help you answer the questions

» Listen to a lecture in a dance class Gp

Notes:

1 What is the main point of this lecture?

To contrast classical ballet and modern ballet

To compare two common systems of written dance notation

To talk about the space program's contribution to computer choreography

To discuss a problem once faced by choreographers and the means of solving it

Lesson 9: Main-Topic and Main-Purpose Questions 267

» Listen to a discussion in a psychology class G)

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Notes:

2 What are the speakers mainly discussing?

© Reading experiments at Duke University

© Reasons why scientists don’t believe ESP is valid

© The accomplishments of Professor Rhine

©) The failure of recent experiments in parapsychology

» Listen to a lecture in an archaeology class G)

Notes:

3 What does this lecture mainly concern?

©) The archaeological record found in New England shipwrecks

©) The rules for a game that the students are going to play

©) The leading causes of shipwrecks off the coast of New England

©) The role of the State Archaeological Society

Lesson 9: Main-Topic and Main-Purpose Questions 269

» Listen to a discussion in an economics class G)

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Notes:

4, What is the main purpose of this discussion?

© To compare regressive and progressive taxes

© To explain the need for a new sales tax

©) To discuss the concept of income tax

© To contrast direct and indirect taxation

» Listen to a discussion in an art class Gp

Edward Hopper Nighthawks

The House by the Railroad Film Noir

Notes:

5 What is the main topic of this discussion?

©) Edward Hopper’s early career as a commercial artist

© Astyle of moviemaking called film noir

© Edward Hopper’s realistic, bleak style of painting

© Edward Hopper’s influence on other painters

Lesson 9: Main-Topic and Main-Purpose Questions 271

» Listen to a discussion in an advertising class G)

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Notes:

6 What is the class mainly discussing?

© Government regulation and self-regulation in the advertising industry

© Acourt decision that affected advertising for children in Sweden

© The problems that a ban on advertising caused the tobacco industry

© Anegative advertising campaign designed to prevent people from

smoking

» Listen to a lecture in a world literature class G)

Notes:

7 What is the main point of this lecture?

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To compare the characters of Greek epic poetry and those of modern novels

To discuss why the professor enjoys the Iliad more than the Odyssey

To contrast the main characters of the Iliad and the main character of the Odyssey

To explain why the professor is going to have to change the syllabus

Lesson 9: Main-Topic and Main-Purpose Questions 273

» Listen to a lecture in a modern history class G)

League of Nations

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Notes:

8 What is the main subject of this lecture?

© The failures of the United Nations

© The historical role of the League of Nations

© The origins of World War II

© The forgotten successes of the League of Nations

» Listen to a lecture in an environmental studies class Gp

Notes:

9 What is the main idea of this lecture?

©) Despite certain advantages, there are many problems involved in the use of hot dry rock technology

Hot dry rock technology is too expensive to ever be used as a practical energy source

The main purpose of hot dry rock technology is to provide pure, clean water

Hot dry rock is a potentially important alternative source of energy

LESSON 10

FACTUAL, NEGATIVE FACTUAL, AND INFERENCE QUESTIONS

The three types of Listening questions—factual, negative factual, and inference—

are very similar to those that are asked about in the readings in Section 1

The best way to answer these three types of questions is to take complete, accurate notes on the conversations and lectures If you are not sure that you remember the answer from the conversation or lecture, refer to your notes for more information (See the Listening Tutorial on Note Taking, pages 381-393, for more information and practice.) Remember, just as in Reading, the order of these three types of questions follows the order of presentation In other words, answers for the first few questions will be found in the first part of your notes, answers for the next few will be in the middle, and answers for the last few will be at the end

(To answer some questions, however, such as main-idea or complete-the-chart questions, you must have an understanding of the complete lecture rather than be able to find individual points in your notes.)

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(A) Factual Questions

Factual questions ask about supporting ideas and details that are given in the con- versation or lecture These questions ask what, where, when, why, how much, and

so on Another common type of question is “What does the professor say about

2” Many factual questions begin with one of these phrases:

Conversations According to the man/woman,

Lectures According to the professor,

According to the speaker,

To answer these factual questions, you need an understanding of specific points

If anything in a conversation is repeated or emphasized, it will likely be asked about, as in this portion of a conversation:

Student A

My project for my filmmaking class took me six weeks to finish

Student B Six weeks! 1 can hardly believe it Doesn't your teacher realize you have other classes too?

You can be fairly sure that there will be a question like this: “How long did the man’s project take to complete?”

Here is part of a lecture from the Listening Preview Test and a factual question about it

275

Sample Item 1

» Listen to a discussion from the Listening Preview Test and a factual question about

it Sample notes on this lecture are also provided (You can see a script of this lecture

in the Answer Key/Audioscript book or online at http://elt.thomson.com/toefl.)

» Now start the Audio Program @

Sample Notes:

Cases = actual bus, sits

10:20 pp of text describing real bus prob +.9:10 pp of exhibits

Exhibits = statist docs (e.g spreadshts

sales reports

@ center of case: problem

analuze data

QO sometimes collect more data (from Int’net etc.)

Then, make decision

Sample Question:

What does the professor say about exhibits?

©) They are the center of every case

© They consist of ten to twenty pages of text describing a business situation

© They are generally obtained from the Internet

©) They consist of statistical information about a company