ON TAP TIENG ANH LOP 8HOC KY 2

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành cũng được dùng với trạng từ chỉ sự thường xuyên adverbs of frequency để chỉ một hành động đã xảy ra nhiều lần trong quá khứ và hành động này có thể còn lặp lại nh[r]

UNIT 9

SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT

IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO / TO

để mà

Công thức như sau:

1) Mệnh đề + SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT + S can/could/will/would + V … Lưu ý: Thông thường nếu không có NOT thì dùng can /could còn cóNOT thì dùng won’t / wouldn’t ,trừ những trường hợp có ý ngăn cấm thì mới

dùng can’t/couldn’t.

I study hard so that I can pass the exam.

I study hard so that I won’t fail the exam.

I hide the toy so that my mother can’t see it ( tôi giấu món đồ chơi để mẹ tôi không thể thấy nó -> ngăn không cho thấy )

2) Mệnh đề + IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO + Inf.

Lưu ý:

Nếu có NOT thì để NOT trước TO, tuy nhiên mẫu TO không áp dụng được trường hợp có NOT.

I study hard I want to pass the exam.

-> I study hard in order to / so as to /to pass the exam.

I study hard I don’t want to fail the exam.

-> -> I study hard in order not to pass the exam đúng

-> I study hard so as not to /to pass the exam.đúng

-> I study hard not to pass the exam sai

Cách nối câu :

1) Dùng SO THAT/IN ORDER THAT :

Trong câu thứ hai nếu có các động từ : want, like, hope thì phải bỏ đi rồi thêm can/could/will/would vào

-Nếu sau các chữ want, like, hope có túc từ thì lấy túc từ đó ra làm chủ từ.

I give you the book I want you to read it.

-> I give you the book so that you can read it.

2) Dùng IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO :

- Chỉ áp dụng được khi 2 chủ từ 2 câu giống nhau

- Bỏ chủ từ câu sau, bỏ các chữ want, like, hope giữ lại từ động từ sau nó.

I study hard I want to pass the exam.

I study hard I want to pass the exam.

-> I study hard in order to pass the exam.

Đối với câu hỏi cho cấu trúc này, các em dùng : what…….for? ( để làm gì

1 I'm studying very hard at the moment pass my exams next month

2 I bought a dictionary help with my vocabulary

3 I went to bed early I wouldn't be tired in the morning

4 I have to get up early I set the alarm for five o'clock

oversleep

5 I waited for an hour I could meet her

6 Some people do not eat before exercises feel

nauseated

7 Do exercise regularly have excellent health and being

well-8 My sister gave English lessons earn some pin money

9 Jenny is a very nice person She is always prompt help her friends

11 I'm going to Australia forget my English

12 Make sure your bags are tagged you can identify them later

1 I'm studying very hard at the moment to pass my exams next month.

2 I bought a dictionary in order not to to help with my vocabulary.

3 I went to bed early so that I wouldn't be tired in the morning.

4 I have to get up early I set the alarm for five o'clock in order to in

order not to oversleep.

5 I waited for an hour for so that I could meet her.

6 Some people do not eat before exercises in order to in order not to feel

nauseated.

7 Do exercise regularly in order not to in order to have excellent health

and well-being.

8 My sister gave English lessons in order to earn some pin money.

9 Jenny is a very nice person She is always prompt so as not to to help

her friends.

10 They took the taxi to so as not to waste time.

11 I'm going to Australia to so as not to forget my English.

12 Make sure your bags are tagged so as not to so that you can identify

them later.

Future Tenses in English - Exercise 1

Explanation: Future Tenses in English

Use the verbs in brackets in the correct future tenses.

Use will-future, going to-future, Simple Present or Present Progressive

Toggle example

1) The train at 11:45 (to leave)

2) We dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday (to have)

3) It in the mountains tomorrow evening (to snow)

4) On Sunday at 8 o'clock I my friend (to meet)

5) They to London on Friday evening (to fly)

6) Wait! I you to the station (to drive)

7) The English lesson at 8:45 (to start)

8) I my sister in April (to see)

9) Look at the clouds - it in a few minutes (to rain)

10) Listen! There's someone at the door I the door for

you (to open)

Future Tenses in English - Exercise 1

1) The train leaves at 11:45.

2) We are going to have dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday.

3) It will snow in the mountains tomorrow evening.

4) On Sunday at 8 o'clock I am meeting my friend.

5) They are flying to London on Friday evening.

6) Wait! I will drive you to the station.

7) The English lesson starts at 8:45.

8) I am going to see my sister in April.

9) Look at the clouds - it is going to rain in a few minutes.

10) Listen! There's someone at the door I will open the door for you.

UNIT 10 ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE OR A NOUN CLAUSE

(Tính từ được theo sau bởi một động từ nguyên mẫu hoặc một mệnh đề danh từ)

1 Adjective + to-infinitive (Tính từ+ động từ nguyên mẫu)

+ Động từ nguyên mẫu (to-infinitive) thường được dùng:

- Sau các tính từ diễn tả phản ứng và cảm xúc như: glad, sorry, sad, delighted, pleased, happy, a/raid, anxious, surprised, shocked

Ví dụ:

Tom was surprised to see you (Tom ngạc nhiên khi thấy hạn.)

He's afraid to stay home alone at night (Anh ấy sợ ở nhà một mình vào ban

đêm.)

I'm very pleased to see you here (Tôi rất vui mùng được gặp anh ở đây.)

I was sorry to hear that your father is ill (Tôi lấy làm tiếc khi nghe rằng

cha của anh bị ốm.)

- Sau một số tính từ thông dụng khác như: right, wrong, easy, difficult, certain, welcome, careful, important, interesting, lovely, ready, lucky, likely, good, hard, dangerous, safe , và sau các tính từ trong cấu trúc enough và too.

Ví dụ:

He is difficult to understand (Anh ấy thật khó hiếu.)

The apples are ripe enough to pick (Những quá táo đã đủ chín để hái.)

English is not difficult to learn (Tiếng Anh thì không khó học.)

- Sau tính từ trong cấu trúc câu nhấn mạnh với chủ ngữ giả It.

It + be + adjective + to-infinitive

Ví dụ:

It's interesting to talk to you (Nói chuyện với bạn thật là thú vị.)

It's difficult to learn Japanese (Học tiếng Nhật thì rất khó.)

2 Adjective + noun clause (Tính từ + mệnh đề danh tử)

+ Mệnh đề danh từ (noun clausc) thường được dùng với các tính từ diễn tả xúc cảm, sự lo lắng, sự tin tưởng, Ví dụ: delighted, glad, pleased, relieved, sorry, afraid, anxious, worried, confident, certain, surprising Subject + be + adjective + noun clause (that-clause)

Ví dụ:

I am delighted that you passed your exam (Tôi rất vui vì anh đã vượt qua

kỳ thi.)

It was quite surprising that he passed the examination (Thật đáng ngạc

nhiên là anh ấy đã thi đậu.)

I am afraid that I can't accept this assignment (Tôi e rằng tôi không thể

nhận nhiệm vụ này.)

Adjectives after the verb to be , followed by infinitives

There are a number of adjectives that can be followed by an infinitive when they come

after the verb to be Here are some exercises to practise the following patterns:

1. Subject + be + adjective + to-infinitive

2. Subject + be + adjective + to-infinitive to talk about the future.

3. It is + adjective + to-infinitive

4. It is + adjective + for / of + object + to-infinitive

1 Subject + be + adjective + to-infinitive

Many of the adjectives that follow this pattern describe a person’s emotions or mental

state And many are followed by such verbs as hear, see, learn, discover, find out Others

are related to ability, probability and the future.

Most of these adjectives can also be followed by a preposition, a that clause or an

adverbial clause.

 She was very happy to hear she had passed her exam.

 She was very happy about passing her exam.

 She was very happy that she had passed her exam.

 She was very happy when she heard that she had passed her exam.

Click and Drop - Exercises 1-4 all follow the same format Click on a word in the box and then click on a suitable gap I suggest you look at all the sentences in each exercise before you answer the questions, as some of them are very similar and could have more than one possible answer.

Pay attention to the adverbs that go with the adjectives, sometimes they will give you a clue as to whether the adjectives are gradable or ungradable And look out for

collocations.

glad · delighted · anxious · shocked · bound · sad · pleased · about ·

stunned · hesitant · sorry · content

You have scored 0 percent ( 0 / 12 )

Exercise 2

ashamed · motivated · happy · astonished · likely · willing · lucky · keen

· proud · ready · prepared · determined

Some of the expressions we've just seen relate to the likelihood of something happening

in the future -be likely to, be certain to, be due to, to which we could add be sure to, be unlikely to as well as the ones in the next exercise

fortunate · reluctant · sure · amazed · relieved · surprised · afraid ·

embarrassed · eager · careful · disappointed · upset

unhappy · set · ashamed · furious · certain · liable · devastated · able ·

due · angry · eligible · unable

2 Expressions with be + (adjective) to-infinitive to talk about the future.

The following expressions are often used in newspapers Some of them look very similar and can be a bit confusing Note that one of them has no adjective at all.

Exercise 5 - Note how these expressions are used in context and then match them with their definitions below Click and Drop - Click on an expression on the left and drop it into one of the boxes below.

a be about to I was just about to make some coffee Would you like one?

b

.

be due to She's due to start her be job at the beginning of the month.

c be bound to You're bound to do well, you've been studying so hard.

d

.

be set to After last night's performance, United look set to win the cup.

e be to Government (is) to announce new policy on education.

3 It is + adjective + to-infinitive

We often use the infitive after certain adjectives in sentences or clauses starting with it This is usually to give our opinion about something We can also add for or of and a

noun or pronoun:

 It's difficult to give an exact figure.

 It was difficult for us to be any more precise at the time.

 It's incredibly silly to behave like that at the boss's party.

 It was very silly of him to say what he did.

See if you can work out which to use, for or of, in the following exercise, and then read

my comments.

Exercise 6 - Enter for or of as appropriate

UNIT 11

- Hiện tại phân từ (present participle)

- Quá khứ phân từ (past participle)

I- Hiện tại phân từ

A- Dùng để nối câu có cùng chủ ngữ

Ex: He run out of the room and slammed the door behind.

→ He run out of the room, slamming the door behind.

They open the door and brought the chairs in.

→ Opening the door, they brought the chairs in.

1 Nối 2 câu trở lên có cùng S, một trong hai là hành động phụ hoặc là nguyên nhân của hành động kia

Ex: He hadn't any money and friends in the city, he decided to overnight beside the hotel.

→ Not having any money and friends, he decided to overnight beside the hotel.

2 Thay mệnh đề với since, as, because, bằng as + V-ing

Ex: Since he didn't know her address, he couldn't write to her.

→ As not knowing her address, he couldn't write to her.

Chú ý: Hiện tại phân từ có thể dùng ở dạng hoàn thành khi nhấn mạnh hành động này hoàn thành rồi mới đến hành động kia.

Ex: He had eaten breakfast then he rushed out to school.

→ Having eaten breakfast, he rushed out to school.

B- V-ing nối câu có cùng đại từ quan hệ (Rút gọn mệnh đề)

Thay mệnh đề quan hệ → V-ing khi

+ who, which, that là chủ ngữ

+ động từ trong mệnh đề ở dạng chủ động

Ex: The boy who is sitting next to me is very handsome.

→ The boy sitting next to me is very handsome

I was woken up by the sunlight which come through the window of my room.

→ I was woken up by the sunlight coming thought the window of my room.

C- Hiện tại phân từ dùng như một Adj

V-ing + N

sleeping child sleeping bag

running water sice exporting country

dsinking water

dancing girl

II- Past participle (PII)

1 Dùng như một adj bị động

stolen money wounded people

broken heart punished child

2 Dùng để nối hai câu trở lên cùng S (1 trong 2 câu ở dạng bị động)

Ex: Tom was punished by the teacher so he felt very sad.

→ Punished by the teacher, Tom felt very sad.

He was exhausted by the work, he threw himself on the bed.

→ Exhausted by the work, he threw himself on the bed.

3 Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ

- Đại từ quan hệ: who, which, that, that, là chủ ngữ của mệnh đề quan hệ

- Động từ ở dạng bị động

→ Thay đại từ quan hệ + động từ bị động → PII

Ex: The girl who was accompanied by her mother greeted the gueste.

→ The girl accomepanied by her mother greeted the gueste.

The boy who was given a schoolar ship was my son.

→ The boy given a schoolar ship was my son.

Having + been PII

Ex: He had been bitten by a dog twice, he didn't dare to come to her house.

→ Having been bitten by a dog twice, he didn't dare to come to her house.

Ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 8

Câu yêu cầu với “Would/Do you mind ?”

1/- Would/ Do you mind + V_ing ? (Bạn làm ơn (làm) giúp tôi (điều gì) được không?) Cấu trúc này được dùng để đề nghị ai làm điều gì một cách lịch sự.

Ex: Would/ Do you mind opening the door, please?

Would/ Do you mind turning on the radio?

2/- Would you mind if I + V(simple past) ? ; Do you mind if I + V(simple present) ? Cấu trúc này được dùng để xin phép khi chúng ta muốn làm một việc gì một cách lịch sự.

Ex: Would you mind if I closed the windows?

Would you mind if I used your phone?

Do you mind if I use your motorbike?

3/- Trả lời câu yêu cầu với “Would/Do you mind ?

a/- Nếu không thấy phiền ta có thể nói

- Please do (bạn cứ làm đi)

- No Not at all (không sao cả)

- Never mind/ you’re welcome (không sao)

- No Of course not (ồ dĩ nhiên là không phiền gì cả)

- No That would be fine (Ồ không bạn cứ làm đi)

- No I’d be happy to do (không Tôi rất vui khi được làm được điều đó)

- No I’d be glad to (không Tôi rất vui khi được làm được điều đó)

b/- Nếu cảm thấy phiền, ta có thể nói

- I’d rather/ prefer you didn’t (bạn không làm thì tốt hơn)

While I was driving home, Peter was trying desperately to contact me.

Peter đã cố gắng liên lạc với tôi trong lúc tôi đang lái xe về nhà.

Were you expecting any visitors?

Anh có mong đợi người khách nào không?

Sorry, were you sleeping?

Xin lỗi, anh đang ngủ à?

I was just making some coffee.

Tôi đang pha cà phê.

I was thinking about him last night.

Tối qua, tôi đã nghĩ về anh ấy.

In the 1990s few people were using mobile phones.

Vào những năm 1990, rất ít người sử dụng điện thoại di động.

Chúng ta dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để diễn tả 1 hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ thì có hành động khác xen vào.

I was walking in the street when I suddenly fell over.

Khi tôi đang đi trên đường thì bỗng nhiên tôi bị vấp ngã.

She was talking to me on the phone and it suddenly went dead.

Khi cô ấy đang nói chuyện điện thoại với tôi thì bỗng nhiên nó bị mất liên lạc.

They were still waiting for the plane when I spoke to them.

Khi tôi nói chuyện với họ thì họ vẫn đang chờ máy bay.

The company was declining rapidly before he took charge.

Trước khi anh ấy nhận công việc thì công ty đó đang đi xuống.

We were just talking about it before you arrived.

Chúng tôi vừa nhắc về điều đó trước khi anh đến.

I was making a presentation in front of 500 people when the microphone stopped working.

Khi tôi đang trình bày trước 500 người thì cái micro đột nhiên bị hỏng.