Tài liệu Eye of a Dog ppt

In addition to its basic triangular shape, a realistic dog’s eye drawn from this angle, needs to illustrate its three dimensional forms as defined by a light source, in this case from th

OF A DOG

Brenda Hoddinott

I-03 INTERMEDIATE:

CARTOONS & CRITTERS

This simple project, features an eye of Shadow the Dalmatian, and is drawn completely freehand After sketching the outlines, you add different values with help from four different grades of

pencils, 2H, HB, 4B, and 6B Throughout the lesson, I discuss the process of rendering a

simplified drawing from a detailed photograph

The key to simplifying a drawing when working from a photograph is to make sure you are very familiar with the visual structure of your subject Artists often become frustrated and overwhelmed by too much visual information when trying to visually simplify a complex image and subsequently draw it accurately

“Eye of a Dog” is divided into the following three sections:

THE PARTS OF A DOG’S EYE: To draw a dog’s eye correctly, you first need to find out

as much as possible about its various parts

ESTABLISHING DOG EYE PROPORTIONS: Drawing Shadow’s eye enhances your

visual abilities, by exercising your freehand drawing skills In this section, your goal is to sketch her eye proportionately correct

BRINGING THE EYE TO LIFE WITH SHADING: Gather your drawing pencils and

prepare to add shading to Shadow’s eye In addition to its basic triangular shape, a realistic dog’s eye drawn from this angle, needs to illustrate its three dimensional forms as defined by

a light source, in this case from the right

Suggested drawing supplies include good quality white drawing paper, 2H, HB, 4B, and 6B graphite pencils, kneaded and vinyl erasers, and a pencil sharpener

This project is recommended for fine art educators, and artists from age 12 to adult with limited drawing skills

10 PAGES – 15 ILLUSTRATIONS

Published by Hoddinott Fine Art Publishers, Halifax, NS, Canada – 2004 (Revised 2006)

ILLUSTRATION 03-01

ILLUSTRATION 03-02

THE PARTS OF A DOG’S EYE

Artists often become overwhelmed by too much visual information when trying to simplify a complex image

The drawing in this project is based on this photograph of

the eye of a Dalmatian named Shadow Observe that the

iris, pupil, and two tiny segments of the white of the eye

take up most of the visible sections

In order to draw a dog’s eye correctly, you first need to

find out as much as possible about its various parts Refer

to the drawing below, and identify each of the following

1 Iris: the large circular shape that varies in value from

very light to very dark Tiny muscles in the iris

radiate outward from the pupil to help it open and

close In profile, the eyeball is not a perfect sphere;

the cornea of the iris bulges slightly outward

2 White of the Eye: the primary section of the eyeball The white of the eye is generally

rendered with light to medium values

3 Outer Corner: the outermost section of the eye

4 Upper Eyelid: a movable fold of skin that opens and closes to protect the eyeball

5 Highlight: a bright spot(s) or section(s) where light bounces off the shiny surface of the eye

6 Pupil: the dark circle inside the iris often has the darkest values of the entire drawing The

pupil of an eye is similar to the aperture in the lens of a camera; it opens and closes, as the levels of light become brighter or darker.

7 Inner

corner: a

small

triangular

shape in

the inside

corner of

the eye

8 Lower

eyelid: a

fold of

skin

protecting

the lower

section of

the

eyeball

ESTABLISHING DOG EYE PROPORTIONS

Drawing Shadow’s eye enhances your visual abilities, by exercising your freehand drawing

skills In this first section, your goal is to sketch her eye proportionately correct Proportion is

the relationship in size of one component of a drawing to another or others

1) Use slightly curved lines to draw a triangular shape with rounded corners

Examine the next three step-by-step drawings Curved lines are created when a straight line curves (or bends) Shape refers to the outward outline of a form Basic shapes include

circles, squares and triangles

ILLUSTRATION 03-03 ILLUSTRATION 03-04

ILLUSTRATION 03-05

Use an HB pencil, and keep your lines very

light so they can be easily erased

Pay close attention to the lengths,

angles, and curves of the various lines

For example, take note that the lower

line is more rounded than the other two

and the curved line on the right is

shorter than the others

Constantly double check the

proportions of your

sketch as you work your

way through this project,

and modify if needed

ILLUSTRATION 03-06

2) Add another curved line inside

the triangular shape

Take note of the points where the

line intersects two sides of the

triangular shape Also, this line is

more curved at the top

ILLUSTRATION 03-07

3) Add two more curved lines to represent the outline of the iris of the eye

Refer to Illustrations 07 and

03-08

ILLUSTRATION 03-08

While these two curved lines outline a

segment of a round shape, the upper

and lower sections appear to be

under the dog’s eyelids

Turn your drawing around in

various directions, and

view it from different

perspectives, to double

check that the iris looks

like a round shape

ILLUSTRATION 03-09

4) Outline a highlight in the upper

right section of the iris

The light source is from

the right Light source

refers to the direction

from which a dominant

light originates The

light source tells you

where to draw all the

light values and

shadows

In the interest of

originality, feel

free to make

your highlight

an oval, circle

shape, or even a

curved

teardrop-shape

ILLUSTRATION 03-10

5) Draw a circular shape inside the iris

as the pupil

The pupil is quite small when

compared to the iris

Take note that the highlight

appears to overlap the

pupil

Also, because

of the angle of

the eye, the

pupil is drawn

closer to the

right of the

iris than the

left

ILLUSTRATION 03-11

BRINGING THE EYE TO LIFE WITH SHADING

Gather your drawing pencils and prepare to add shading to Shadow’s eye Shading refers to the various shades of gray (values) in a drawing that make drawings look three-dimensional Values

are the different shades of gray created when you draw by varying both the density of the shading lines, and the pressure used in holding various pencils

In addition to its basic triangular shape, a realistic dog’s eye drawn from this angle, needs to illustrate its three dimensional forms as defined by a light source, in this case from the right

Form, as applied to drawing, is the illusion of the three-dimensional structure of a shape, such as

a circle, square or triangle, created in a drawing with shading and/or perspective

6) Add light values to the visible section of the

white of the eye on the right

Use hatching lines and a 2H pencil and

try to have your shading lines all going

in the same direction

Hatching is a series of lines (called

a set) drawn closely together to

give the illusion of values

In my drawing the lines are all

angled upward to the right

7) Use a 2H pencil to add

light values to the iris

Take note that the highlight

and pupil are left white

ILLUSTRATION 03-12

8) Use an HB pencil to add medium values

Use hatching lines to shade in the

inside section of the upper eyelid, the

upper right and lower left sections of

the iris, and the small visible section

of the white of the eye on the left

The values need to be

darker toward the outside

edges of the iris to create

the illusion that the

cornea of the iris bulges

slightly outward from the

eyeball

In this lesson you use different grades of pencils, from hard to soft, to help draw the different values However, you can also create different values by varying the density (placing lines either far apart or close together) of the individual hatching lines and/or the pressure applied to the paper while holding various pencils to draw

9) Use a 4B pencil to add dark values to sections of the eye

Add darker shading to:

the upper part of the iris, and around the perimeter of the lower half of the iris

the upper and lower sections of the inner edge of the upper eyelid

the parts of the whites of the eyes on both sides of the iris that are in shadow

ILLUSTRATION 03-13 Remember, to make an area darker, you

simply add more shading with a soft

pencil

To make an area lighter, use

your kneaded eraser, molded

to a point, to slowly and

gently pat off some of

the graphite in that

section

10) Use a 6B pencil to add dark shading to the pupil, and the outer and upper sections of the iris

11) Add darker shading to the sections of the whites of the eye closest to the upper eyelid

Use your 6B pencil These dark values illustrate the cast shadows from the upper eyelids,

ILLUSTRATION 03-14

12) With your 6B pencil add

darker shading to the

upper, lower, and outer

sections of the inner section

of the upper eyelid

If you enjoy drawing fur, try your hand at

drawing Shadow’s face and neck You can find

this project, T-02 Advanced: Diverse

website

13) Use a 6B pencil, to add several narrow wiggly sections of shading that extend from the perimeter of the iris a little ways inward toward the center of the pupil

These lines illustrate the tiny muscles that are visible in the irises of most eyes These eye muscles are also in human eyes, and involuntarily work to help the pupil open and close as light conditions change

ILLUSTRATION 03-15

Remember, learning to

draw is like learning to play

piano

Don’t expect perfection

with your first few tries

Plan to practice

often, and expect to

make lots of

mistakes

Check out M-03 Detailed Dog Eye in the

Intermediate: Animals and Fantasy section

and challenge yourself with a more detailed version of this dog eye This lesson focuses on drawing the fur-textured forms around the eye, and uses blending to make the eye look shiny

BRENDA HODDINOTT - BIOGRAPHY

As a self-educated teacher, visual artist, portraitist, forensic artist, and illustrator, Brenda utilizes diverse art media including graphite, technical pen, colored pencil, chalk pastel, charcoal, conté crayon, and oil paints

My philosophy on teaching art is to focus primarily on the enjoyment aspects while gently introducing the technical and academic Hence, in creating a passion for the subject matter, the

quest for knowledge also becomes enjoyable.

>Brenda Hoddinott<

Born in St John’s, Newfoundland, Brenda grew up in the small town of Corner Brook She developed strong technical competencies with a personal commitment to self directed learning, and the aid of assorted “Learn to Draw” books During Brenda’s twenty-five year career as a self-educated civilian forensic artist, numerous criminal investigation departments have employed Brenda’s skills, including Royal Canadian Mounted Police and municipal police departments In 1992, Brenda was honored with a commendation from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and in 1994, she was awarded a Certificate of Membership from “Forensic Artists International”

Her home-based art career included graphic design, and teaching recreational drawing and painting classes As supervisor of her community’s recreational art department, Brenda hired and trained teachers, and designed curriculum for several children’s art programs In 1998, Brenda chose to end her eighteen-year career as an art educator in order to devote more time to writing, drawing, painting, and developing her websites

Drawspace http://www.drawspace.com incorporates her unique style and innovative approach to curriculum development This site offers downloadable and printable drawing classes for students of all abilities from the age of eight through adult Students of all ages, levels and abilities have praised the simple step-by-step instructional approach This site is respected as a resource for fine art educators, home schooling programs, and educational facilities throughout the world

LEARN-TO-DRAW BOOKS BY BRENDA HODDINOTT Drawing for Dummies: Wiley Publishing, Inc., New, York, NY, this 336 page book is

available on various websites and in major bookstores internationally

The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing People: Winner of the Alpha-Penguin Book of the

Year Award 2004, Alpha - Pearson Education – Macmillan, Indianapolis, IN, this 360 page book is available on various websites and in major bookstores internationally