Tài liệu Các thành phần cơ bản của lập trình C doc

Các thành phần cơ bản của lập trình C... do double else extern float for goto if int long register return short sizeof static struct switch typedef union unsigned void volatile while..

Các thành phần cơ bản của lập trình C

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goto if int long register return

short sizeof static struct switch typedef

union unsigned void volatile while

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#include < > /* G•i các t•p tiêu •• trong ch••ng trình */

#define /* Khai báo h•ng s• */

typedef /* ••nh ngh•a ki•u d• li•u */

/* Nguyên m•u các hàm: khai báo tên h•m và các tham s• */

/* Khai báo các bi•n toàn c•c */

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main() { char ht[25];

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printf(“Gia tri nhap vao la bang 0.\n”);

printf(“Ket thuc chuong trinh\n”);

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scanf("%d", &n);

printf(" B•n •ã ••c m•t s• %d\n", n);

}while (n<=0);

printf(" •úng s• d••ng r•i.");

for (i=1; i <= 5; i++)

{printf(" B•t ••u %d\n", i);

scanf(“%f%f”, &x, &y);

printf(“Giá tr• l•n nh•t c•a %f và %f là ”, x, y, max2so(x, y));

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int i;

long gt = 1;

if (n > 1) /* N•u không có câu l•nh này ???*/

for (i=2; i <=n; i++)

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printf(" %d %d\n", i++, m);

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main()

{

int cuc_bo = 100; /* Bi•n c•c b• */

ham_vi_du(); /* G•i hàm ví d• */

printf(“Bi•n c•c b• trong hàm main:\n cuc_bo = %d\n”, cuc_bo);

printf(“Bi•n toàn c•c:\n a = %d\n”, a);

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Goi lan thu 5

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Tr••c khi g•i hàm : 10 20

Tr••c khi hoán v• : 10 20

Sau khi hoán v• : 20 10

Sau khi g•i hàm : 10 20

void hoan_vi(int *a, int *b)

// a và b bây gi• là 2 ••a ch•

{ int t;

printf(" Tr••c khi hoán v• : %d %d\n", *a, *b);

t = *a; /* t nh•n giá tr• ch•a trong ••a ch• a */

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while (i < n) {

i = i+1;

k = k*i;

} return(k); /* Gán k•t qu• t• bi•n trung gian k vào tên hàm */

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for (i=0; i < kich_thuoc; i++)

c[i] = a[i] + b[i];

{ printf(" x[%d]= ", i);

scanf("%d", &x[i]); /* ••ng quên d•u & */

}

/* S•p x•p m•ng theo chi•u t•ng d•n */

for (i=0; i < kich_thuoc-1; i++)

for (j=i+1; j < kich_thuoc; j++) {

if (x[i] > x[j]) {

tam=x[i]; /* Hoán ••i giá tr• 2 bi•n */

x[i]=x[j];

x[j]=tam;

} }

/* Vi•t l•i các giá tr• c•a m•ng lên màn hình */

tam=x[m];

x[m]=x[i];

x[i]=tam;

} }

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if (x[j] < x[j-1]) {

tam=x[j];

x[j]=x[j-1];

x[j-1]=tam;

} }

} hoanvi(&a[j], &a[l]);

quicksort(a, l, j-1);

quicksort(a, j+1, r);

} }

while ((i < n) && (a[i] != x)) i++;

return(i); /* n•u i = n thì không tìm th•y x */

g = (t + p)/2;

if (x < a[g]) p = g – 1;

else if (x > a[g]) t = g + 1;

} return(n); /* tr••ng h•p không tìm th•y x */

}

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/* Vi•t l•i các giá tr• c•a m•ng lên màn hình */

printf(" \nM•ng x g•m có các ph•n t•");

for (i=0; i < kich_thuoc; i++) printf("%7d", x[i]);

}

if (x[i] > x[j]) {

tam=x[i];

x[i]=x[j];

x[j]=tam;

} }

}

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void sap_xep(int n, int x[]);

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float x[2][2];

void nhap_ma_tran (int a[][Max_Cot], int so_hang, int so_cot);

void tinh_tong (int a[][Max_Cot], int b[][Max_Cot],

int c[][Max_Cot], int so_hang, int so_cot);

void in_ma_tran (int c[][Max_Cot], int so_hang, int so_cot);

main()

{

int so_hang, so_cot;

/* Khai báo các m•ng */

int a[Max_Hang][Max_Cot], b[Max_Hang][Max_Cot], c[Max_Hang][Max_Cot];

printf(" Bao nhieu hang : ");

scanf("%d", &so_hang);

printf(" Bao nhieu cot : ");

scanf("%d", &so_cot);

printf("\n\nMang thu nhat:\n");

nhap_ma_tran (a, so_hang, so_cot);

nhap_ma_tran(b, so_hang, so_cot);

tinh_tong(a, b, c, so_hang, so_cot);

printf("\n\nTong cua 2 mang la:\n\n");

in_ma_tran(c, so_hang, so_cot);

return;

}

/* Tính t•ng 2 m•ng các s• nguyên */

void tinh_tong(int a[][Max_Cot], int b[][Max_Cot],

int c[][Max_Cot], int m, int n);

char line[20]="Hoc TC kho qua";

char *message="Hoc TC kho qua";

char str1[dodaixau], str2[dodaixau];

printf("\nNhap vao mot str 1:");gets(str1);

printf("Nhap vao mot str 2:");gets(str2);

printf(" Sau khi strcat str2 vao str1: %s",strcat(str1,str2));

getch();

}

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#define dodaixau 80

main()

{

char str1[dodaixau], str2[dodaixau];

printf("\nNhap vao mot str 1:"); gets(str1);

printf("Nhap vao mot str 2:"); gets(str2);

if (dodaixau > strlen(str1) + strlen(str2))

printf(" Sau khi strcat str2 vao str1: ",strcat(str1, str2));

else printf("Khong du cho trong");

printf("Nhap vao mot str 2:"); gets(str2);

printf(" Sau khi strcat str2 vao str1: %s",strcat(str1, str2));

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#include <string.h>

main()

{

char *str1, *str2;

printf("\nNhap vao mot str 1:");gets(str1);

printf("Nhap vao mot str 2:");gets(str2);

printf("Nhap vao mot chuoi :"); gets(pstr);

printf("\nChuyen pstr sang so nguyen int: %d", atoi(pstr));

printf("\nChuyen pstr sang so nguyen dai: %ld", atol(pstr));

printf("\nChuyen pstr sang so thuc: %f", atof(pstr));

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printf("Nhap vao mot chuoi:");gets(str);

printf("\nPhan so kieu double:%.2f", strtod(str,&pstr));

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printf("Nhap cac xau:\n");

for(i = 0; i < row; i++)

gets(mainstr[i]);

// Hien thi mainstr

for(i = 0; i < row; i++)

puts(mainstr[i]);

sapxep(mainstr,row);

// Hien thi mainstr sau khi sap xep

printf("Xau sau khi sap xep:\n");

for(i = 0; i < row; i++)

/* hi•n th• dòng kí t• d••i d•ng ch• hoa */

for (dem ; dem >= 0; dem )

putchar(toupper(xau[dem]));

}

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unsigned char ngay;

unsigned char thang;

unsigned int nam;

}date1, date2;

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struct Date date1, date2;

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typedef struct {

unsigned char ngay;

unsigned char thang;

unsigned int nam;

typedef struct {

char Ho_Ten[30];

struct Date Ngay_Sinh;

unsinged Gioi_Tinh; /* Nu=0, Nam=1 */

struct Dia_chi O_Tai; /* • t•i */

float Luong; /* L•ng */

} Nhan_Su;

void sapxep(Nhan_Cong *p, int n);

void hoanvi(Nhan_Cong *p1, Nhan_Cong *p2);

printf(“Nhap so nhan cong: ”); scanf(“%d”, &n);

for(i = 0; i<n; i++) nhap(&ds[i]);

sapxep(ds, n);

printf(“Danh sach cac nhan cong da sap xep\n”);

for(i = 0; i<n; i++) xuat(ds[i]);

printf(“Ho ten: ”); scanf(“%s”, n.hoten);

printf(“Bac luong: ”); scanf(“%f”, &bl);

union table co_address;

union table code_string[10];

union table address_no;

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# include <stdio.h>

FILE *fp;

int putc(int ch, FILE *fp)

int fputc(int ch, FILE *fp)

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if ((th = fopen("thuchanh.txt", "a+")) == NULL){

printf("Loi mo tep tin thuchanh.txt");

exit(1);

}

fputs("Hom nay, ngay 22 thang 7 nam 2005.", th);

fputc(10, th); /* ghi ki tu xuong dong */

if ((nd = fopen("noidung.txt", "w+")) == NULL) {

exit(1);

}

fputs("Chung ta dang thuc hanh", nd);

fputc(10, nd); /* ghi ki tu xuong dong */

fputs("ve thao tac tep tin trong C.", nd);

fputc(10, nd); /* ghi ki tu xuong dong */

/* chep tu tep noidung.txt sang cuoi tep thuchanh.txt */ rewind(nd);

while(fgets(line, LONG, nd) != NULL) fputs(line, th);

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