50 bài tập đọc hiểu phần 2 (có lời giải chi tiết)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.. Read the following passage and mark the letter

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50 BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU – PHẦN 2 CHUYÊN ĐỀ: BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU MÔN: TIẾNG ANH LUYỆN THI THPT QG Mục tiêu:

- Vận dụng được những kiến thức từ vựng đã học được trong suốt lớp 10 đến 12 để dịch được câu hỏi, cácđáp án và hiểu được nội dung cơ bản của bài đọc

- Biết tìm từ khóa trong câu hỏi, các đáp án và trong bài đọc để tìm ra câu trả lời; vận dụng kỹ năng đọclướt và đọc lấy thông tin chi tiết

Exercise 1 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Rain pounded down on the roof I was trying to read but the sound was too loud I couldn’t help myself

from being a little grumpy I wanted to be outside playing, but the rain was keeping me inside.

My mom had gone to the grocery store, and my dad was spending Saturday at the office I had planned tospend the day hiking, but Mother Nature decided that today was the perfect day for rain

It meant that I would have to entertain myself I spent most of the morning playing with my stuffedanimals and reading I was sitting next to the window staring out when I got a strange idea: why not just

“Oh my Gosh! It’s really you, Martha!” she said “I can’t believe that you are out here right now Ithought I would be the only person crazy enough to go for a walk in the rain.”

I was very happy to have some company We decided that hiking in the rain was just as fun as hiking in

the sunshine We planned on hiking in the rain again

Question 1: What is the best title for the story?

Question 2: The word “grumpy” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

A stupid B bad-tempered C uninterested D unsatisfactory Question 3: What was keeping Martha inside?

Question 4: What does Martha mean when she says “It meant that I would have to entertain myself”?

C She had to find something to do D She was bored with doing homework

Question 5: The word “company” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to

Question 6: What did Martha think about being outside?

A It was too hot B It was too cold C It was very nice D It was too wet to walk Question 7: What will Martha and Ellen probably do next time it rains?

C Go for another hike D Go to their friend’s house

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A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are

perfected For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescentlight bulb before he finally succeeded History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying,yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded Yet some inventions have come aboutnot through hard work but simply by accident

In most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting tocreate something else For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a newsubstance that could be used to refrigerate items He mixed some chemicals together Then, he put theminto a pressurized container and cooled the mixture By the time his experiment was complete, he had anew invention It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though Instead, he hadinvented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans Similarly, decadesearlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia He was attempting to create a tonic that

people could use whenever they had headaches While he was not successful in that endeavor, he

managed to invent Coca - Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink

Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments

In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic, in this manner He discovered somemold growing in a dish with some bacteria He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold.When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which hassaved millions of lives over the past few decades Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer wasconducting an experiment with microwaves He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that itsuddenly melted He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened Soon afterward, he built

a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food: the microwave oven

Question 8: Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

A History's Most Important Inventions

B Accidental Inventions and Discoveries

C How to Become a Great Inventor

D You Don't Always Get What You Want

Question 9: In paragraph 1, the word arduous is closest in meaning to _.

Question 10: In paragraph 2, the word endeavor is closest in meaning to _.

Question 11: What does the author say about Teflon?

A People first used it as a refrigeration device

B It was created many years before Coca-Cola

C The man who made it was a pharmacist

D It is used for kitchenware nowadays

Question 12: Who was John Pemberton?

A The person who made Teflon

B The creator of Coca-Cola

C The man who discovered penicillin

D The inventor of the microwave

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Question 13: The author uses Alexander Fleming as an example of .

A one of the most famous inventors in history

B a person who made an accidental scientific discovery

C someone who became a millionaire from his invention

D a man who dedicated his life to medical science

Question 14: What does the author imply about penicillin?

A Doctors seldom use it nowadays.

B Some people are not affected by it.

C It is an invaluable medical supply.

D Mold combines with bacteria to make it.

In 1752, Benjamin Franklin made his textbook experiment with a brass key and a silk kite that heflew in a thunderstorm to prove that lightning and electricity are the same thing In 1920, a kite-flyingchampionship for families and individuals was held in London These two seemingly unrelated eventsunderscore the fact that kites can be flown for both pleasure and scientific purposes For example, in the1800s weather bureaus flew kites to record temperature and humidity at certain altitudes On oneoccasion, ten kites were strung together and flown at a height of four miles to lift men and carry cameras

aloft.

The kite’s ability to fly depends on its construction and the way that its line is attached Thefamiliar diamond - shaped kite flies when its covered face is aligned against the wind flow The lineattached to the nose of the kite pulls it into the wind, thus creating the necessary angle for the lift force Ifthe kite’s construction and the angle of the air stream are correct, the kite will encounter greater pressureagainst its face and lower pressure against its back The difference in the pressure creates a lift that causesthe kite to rise until it hangs level from its bridle Its angle against the wind should be sufficiently large orsmall to create maximum lift to overcome both drag and gravity The towing point to which the line isattached is important because it sets the kite’s angle relative to the air flow Although the kite must be

headed up and into the wind with a velocity of 8 to 20 miles per hour, it can maintain its position through

a tail, a rudder, a keel, vents, or tassels

Question 15: What is the main topic of the passage?

A What makes kites stay up in the air.

B How kites can be utilized.

C What parts kites consist of.

D Why kites are were spurned.

Question 16: The word “aloft” in the reading passage is closet in meaning to _.

A for the analysis B in the flood C in flight D for amusement Question 17: According to the passage, the kite flies when its nose is .

A pointed away from the ground

B balanced with the tail

C pointed into the wind flow

D aligned parallel to the wind flow

Question 18: What is necessary condition for the kite to fly?

A The kite must be sufficiently strong to withstand great pressure.

B The kite must be diamond-shaped, and the wind of a certain velocity.

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C The pressure against its back must be lower than the pressure against its face.

D The pressure of the air flow must be lower than the weight of the kite.

Question 19: According to the passage, the line of the kites is important because it _.

A lifts the kite’s cover and frame into the air space

B contributes to the shape of the kite and extends it

C conveys the direction of the wind and the air flow

D determines the angle between the kite and the air flow

Question 20: The phrase “headed up” in the passage is closet in meaning to .

Question 21: The paragraph following the passage most would likely discuss _.

A fiberglass kites flown in competition

B the cords and wires needed for kite flying

C elements of kite design and composition

D bowed kites curved on their faces

The official residence of the president of the United States is the White House, located at 1600Pennsylvania Avenue, in Washington, D.C The Commissioners of the District of Columbia held a

meeting in 1792 and decided to hold a contest for the best design for the Presidential House James

Hoban, an architect born in Ireland, was the winner His bid for the construction of the mansion asked for

$200,000, but the final cost of the building came to twice that amount The work on the project began

during the same year, and the grounds of approximately one and a half miles west of the Capitol Hill

were chosen by Major Pierre-Charles L’Enfant, who was in charge of city planning However, theconstruction continued for several more years, and George Washington had stepped down as presidentbefore the building was habitable When John Adams, the second president of the United States and hiswife Abigail moved in 1800, only six rooms had been completed

The grey sandstone walls of the house were painted white during construction, and the color of thepaint gave the building its name The building was burned on August 24, 1814, and James Hobanreconstructed the house for President James Monroe and his family, who moved there in 1817 The northportico was added to the building in 1829, water pipes were installed in 1833, gas lighting in 1848, andelectricity in 1891 In 1948, inspectors announced that the building was so dilapidated that it was beyondrepair and suggested that it was cheaper to construct a new one than repair the existing dwelling.However, the national sentiment was to keep the original form intact, and Congress appropriated $5.4

million dollars for repairs In 1961, Jacqueline Kennedy launched a program to redecorate the rooms and

appointed a Fine Arts Committee to make choices of furnishing and colors

The house of the president accords its residents a great deal of space The living quarters contain

107 rooms, 40 corridors, and 19 baths The White House contains a doctor’s suite, a dentist’s office, alarge solarium, a broadcasting room, and a two-floor basement for storage and service rooms The office

in which the president works is not located in the White House, but in a separate building called the WestWing The White House stands on 16 acres of parklike land and overlooks a broad lawn, flower gardens,and wood groves

Question 22: The word “contest” is closest in meaning to _.

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A hearing B concourse C computation D competition

Question 23: What does the passage imply about the cost of the White House construction?

A It did not adhere to the original estimate.

B It was proposed at the meeting of the commissioners.

C It was not included in the architectural design.

D It was considered excessive for the presidential home.

Question 24: The word “grounds” is closest in meaning to _.

Question 25: It can be inferred from the passage that _

A George Washington contributed to the White House design

B George Washington never lived in the White House

C The White House was excluded from the city planning

D George Washington often used the White House steps

Question 26: The author of the passage implies that the construction of the main White House building

continued _

Question 27: What can be inferred about the White House from the information in the second paragraph?

A Running water was installed in the second half of the 19th century.

B Each president added new features to the building’s conveniences.

C Few changes occurred in the structure in the first half of the 20th century.

D The building was modernized extensively during one decade.

Question 28: In line 20, the word “launched” is closest in meaning to _.

Question 29: The passage mentions all of the following White House premises EXCEPT _.

Exercise 5 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to Indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

There is a wide range of organisms by their population whose lives mostly depend on how theyhunt or are hunted And most living organisms have some way of protecting themselves from naturalpredators Some mammals, like the platypus, carry internal toxins to transmit to predators via biting orother means, and some plants protect themselves by being poisonous The African crested rat was

originally thought to be poisonous because predators that tried to eat it often became paralyzed But

scientists have recently learned that's not actually the case

The crested rat chews on the poisonous bark of a certain tree, and then smears the chewed-upsubstance onto its fur, where a strip of special quill-like hairs soaks up the poisonous mixture Though

similar to a porcupine's, the quills do differ: whereas the porcupine defends itself by poking predators, the African rat uses its quill-like hairs to deliver poison to them When a predator comes after it, instead of

running away, the rat stays put and parts its hair to reveal the strip of fur on its back where the poison isbeing stored That raised strip is the first thing that receives a bite, and the poison inside disables thepredator These hair tubes are unusual In fact, scientists do not know of another animal that uses plantpoison in this way

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Scientists are puzzled that the rat doesn't appear to be affected by the poison Because it affectsheartbeat regulation, understanding how the rat can keep its heart rate regulated effectively while usingthe poison could help scientists develop new medicines for people with heart trouble And they hope thatthose suffering from heart diseases will benefit from this.

Question 30: What is the main purpose of the passage?

A To show how animals can affect plant life.

B To compare one animal to other similar ones.

C To emphasize the dangers of researching animals

D To discuss an unusual animal defense technique.

Question 31: In paragraph 1, why does the author mention the platypus?

A To illustrate that mammals may eat poisonous plants.

B To give an example of a mammal that uses poison.

C To show how it differs from the crested rat.

D To explain that the platypus is at risk.

Question 32: The word “paralyzed” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

Question 33: In paragraph 2, what does the word “them” refer to?

A predators B porcupines C crested rats D quill-like hairs Question 34: The word “defends” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to

Question 35: What are scientists surprised by?

A How toxic plant poison can be B How useful plant toxins can be.

C How quickly rats learn new behavior D That the rats are protected from the poison.

Question 36: What would scientists like to investigate further?

A Medicine used to counteract poison B Other animals like the crested rat.

C Health effects of a chemical D Rats with unhealthy hearts.

The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century were marked by thedevelopment of an international Art Nouveau style, characterized by sinuous lines, floral and vegetable

motifs, and soft evanescent coloration The Art Nouveau style was an eclectic one, bringing together

elements of Japanese art, motifs of ancient cultures, and natural forms The glass objects of this style wereelegant in outline, although often deliberately distorted, with pale or iridescent surfaces A favored device

of the style was to imitate the iridescent surface seen on ancient glass that had been buried Much of the

Art Nouveau glass produced during the years of its greatest popularity had been generically termed “art glass.” Art glass was intended for decorative purposes and relied for its effect on carefully chosen color

combinations and innovative techniques

France produced a number of outstanding exponents of the Art Nouveau style; among the mostcelebrated was Emile Galle (1846-1904) In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) wasthe most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which werewidely copied in their time and are highly prized today Tiffany was a brilliant designer, successfullycombining ancient Egyptian, Japanese, and Persian motifs

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The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its

influence continued throughout the mid-1920’s.It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of

thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century At first restricted to asmall avant-garde group of architects and designers, Functionalism emerged as the dominant influence

upon designers after the First World War The basic tenet of the movement-that function should determine form-was not a new concept Soon a distinct aesthetic code evolved: from should be simple,

surfaces plain, and any ornament should be based on geometric relationships This new design concept,coupled with the sharp postwar reactions to the styles and conventions of the preceding decades, created

an entirely new public taste which caused Art Nouveau types of glass to fall out of favor The new tastedemanded dramatic effects of contrast, stark outline and complex textural surfaces

Question 37: What does paragraph 1 mainly discuss?

A Design elements in the Art Nouveau style

B The popularity of the Art Nouveau style

C Production techniques for art glass

D Color combinations typical of the Art Nouveau style

Question 38: The word “one” refers to .

Question 39: Para.1 mentions that Art Nouveau glass was sometimes similar to which aspect of ancientburied glass

A The distortion of the glass B The appearance of the glass surface

C The shapes of the glass objects D The size of the glass objects

Question 40: The word “overtaken” in line 19 is closest in meaning to .

Question 41: What does the author mean by stating that “function should determine form”?

A A useful object should not be attractive.

B The purpose of an object should influence its form.

C The design of an object is considered more significant than its function.

D The form of an object should not include decorative elements.

Question 42: It can be inferred from the passage that one reason Functionalism became popular was that

it

A clearly distinguished between art and design

B appealed to people who liked complex painted designs

C reflected a common desire to break from the past

D was easily interpreted by the general public

Question 43: Paragraph 3 supports which of the following statements about Functionalism?

A Its design concept avoided geometric shapes.

B It started on a small scale and then spread gradually.

C It was a major force in the decorative arts before the First World War.

D It was not attractive to architects all designers.

Question 44: According to the passage, an object made in the Art Nouveau style would most likely

include

A a flowered design B bright colors C modern symbols D a textured surface.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

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Telecommuting is some form of computer communication between employees’ homes andoffices For employees whose job involve sitting at a terminal or word processor entering data or typing

reports, the location of the computer is of no consequence If the machine can communicate over

telephone lines, when the work is completed, employees can dial the office computer and transmit thematerial to their employers A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7million telecommuters But although the numbers are rising annually, the trend does not appear to be assignificant as predicted when Business Week published “The Portable Executive” as its cover story a fewyears ago Why hasn’t telecommuting become more popular?

Clearly, change simply takes time But in addition, there has been active resistance on the part ofmany managers These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force

scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet

developed, thereby complicating the manager’s responsibilities

It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are reluctant to accept

the opportunity Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group, and many are concernedthat they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the officesetting Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they neverreally get away from the office

Question 45: With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?

A An overview of telecommuting B The failure of telecommuting.

C The advantages of telecommuting D A definition of telecommuting.

Question 46: How many Americans are involved in telecommuting?

A More than predicted in Business Week B More than 8 million.

C Fewer than last year D Fewer than estimated in USA Today

Question 47: The phrase “of no consequence” means

Question 48: The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuting, EXCEPT

A the opportunities for advancement B the different system of supervision

C the lack of interaction with a group D the work place is in the home.

Question 49: The word “them” in the second paragraph refers to

A telecommuters B systems C executives D responsibilities Question 50: The reason why telecommuting has not become popular is that the employees

A need regular interaction with their families.

B are worried about the promotion if they are not seen at the office.

C feel that a work area in their home is away from the office.

D are ignorant of telecommuting.

Question 51: The word “reluctant” in the third paragraph can best be replaced by

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HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT

Question 1 B Question 11 D Question 21 C Question 31 B Question 41 B

Question 2 B Question 12 B Question 22 D Question 32 A Question 42 C

Question 3 C Question 13 B Question 23 A Question 33 A Question 43 B

Question 4 C Question 14 C Question 24 B Question 34 B Question 44 A

Question 5 C Question 15 A Question 25 B Question 35 D Question 45 A

Question 6 C Question 16 C Question 26 B Question 36 D Question 46 B

Question 7 C Question 17 C Question 27 C Question 37 B Question 47 D

Question 8 B Question 18 C Question 28 C Question 38 C Question 48 B

Question 9 B Question 19 D Question 29 B Question 39 B Question 49 A

Question 10 D Question 20 B Question 30 D Question 40 A Question 50 B

Question 1 B

Giải thích: Tiêu đề của câu chuyện là gì?

C Trời mưa trong nhà D Bài tập về nhà ngày mưa

Chọn B

Question 2 B

Giải thích: Từ "grumpy" ở đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với từ nào?

Thông tin: I couldn’t help myself from being a little grumpy

Tạm dịch: Tôi không thể tự kiềm chế mình khỏi một chút cộc cằn

Đáp án: B

Question 3 C

Giải thích: Điều gì đã giữ Martha bên trong nhà?

Thông tin: I wanted to be outside playing, but the rain was keeping me inside

Tạm dịch: Tôi muốn ra ngoài chơi, nhưng trời mưa đã giữ tôi ở trong nhà

Chọn C

Question 4 C

Giải thích: Martha có ý gì khi nói rằng “ Có nghĩa là tôi sẽ phải tự tìm thú tiêu khiển à?”

C Cô ấy phải tìm gì đó để làm D Cô ấy chán với việc làm bài tập về nhà

Chọn C

Question 5 C

Giải thích: Từ “company” ở đoạn cuối gần nghĩa nhất với

company (n): bạn bè = friend

Thông tin: I was very happy to have some company.

Tạm dịch: Tôi rất vui khi có vài người bạn.

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Chọn C

Question 6 C

Giải thích: Martha đã nghĩ điều gì về việc đi ra ngoài?

Thông tin: We decided that hiking in the rain was just as fun as hiking in the sunshine We planned on

hiking in the rain again

Tạm dịch: Chúng tôi quyết định đi bộ trong mưa, cũng thú vị như trong ánh nắng mặt trời Chúng tôi lên

kế hoạch đi bộ trong mưa lần nữa

Chọn C

Question 7 C

Giải thích: Martha và Ellen sẽ làm gì sau trời mưa?

C Đi bộ dưới trời mưa D Đi tới nhà bạn bè của họ

Thông tin: We decided that hiking in the rain was just as fun as hiking in the sunshine.

Tạm dịch: Chúng tôi quyết định đi bộ dưới trời mưa vì nó vui như đi bộ dưới trời nắng.

Bàn chân của tôi không phát ra âm thanh nào trên mặt đất ẩm ướt và khu rừng dường như khác hơn Tôi

đã đến nơi tôi yêu thích và ngồi xuống Vào mua hè, người bạn tốt nhất của tôi là Ellen và tôi sẽ đến đây

và ngồi hàng giờ Đó là nơi đặc biệt của chúng tôi Đột nhiên, tôi nghĩ rằng tôi nghe thấy ai đó hét tên tôi.Tôi quay lại và nhìn thấy Ellen đi tới từ phía sau tôi

"Ôi trời! Thực sự là cậu, Martha!" Cô ấy nói

"Tớ không thể tin rằng cậu đang ở đây bây giờ Tớ nghĩ tớ là người duy nhất điên cuồng chạy trong mưa"Tôi rất vui bì có bạn bè Chúng tôi quyết định đi bộ trong mưa, cũng thú vị như trong ánh nắng mặt trời.Chúng tôi lên kế hoạch đi bộ trong mưa lần nữa

Question 8 B

Giải thích: Tiêu đề nào tóm tắt ý chính của bài đọc?

A Các phát minh quan trọng nhất của lịch sử

B Phát minh và khám phá tai nạn

C Làm thế nào để trở thành một nhà phát minh vĩ đại

D Bạn không luôn luôn có được những gì bạn muốn

Chọn B

Question 9 B

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Giải thích: Từ “arduous” gần nghĩa nhất với?

Thông tin: A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they

are perfected

Tạm dịch: Một số lượng lớn các sáng chế đòi hỏi nhiều năm nghiên cứu và phát triển gian nan trước khi

chúng được hoàn thiện

Chọn B

Question 10 D

Giải thích: Ở đoạn 2, từ “endeavor” gần nghĩa nhất với?

Thông tin: While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca Cola, the world

-famous carbonated soft drink

Tạm dịch: Trong khi ông không thành công trong nỗ lực đó, ông đã thành công trong việc sáng tạo ra

Coca-Cola, nước uống có ga nổi tiếng thế giới

Chọn D

Question 11 D

Giải thích: Tác giả nói gì về Teflon?

A Người đầu tiên sử dụng nó như là một thiết bị làm lạnh

B Nó được tạo ra nhiều năm trước khi Coca-Cola được tạo ra

C Người đàn ông đã làm ra nó là một dược sĩ

D Nó được sử dụng cho đồ dùng nhà bếp ngày nay

Thông tin: Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots

Giải thích: John Pemberton là ai?

A Người làm Teflon B Người tạo ra Coca-Cola

C Người phát hiện ra penicillin D Người phát minh lò vi sóng

Dẫn chứng: While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca - Cola, the world

- famous carbonated soft drink

Tạm dịch: Trong khi ông không thành công trong nỗ lực đó, ông đã thành công trong việc sáng tạo ra

Coca-Cola, nước uống có ga nổi tiếng thế giới

Chọn B

Question 13 B

Giải thích: Tác giả sử dụng Alexander Fleming làm ví dụ của .

A một trong những nhà phát minh nổi tiếng nhất trong lịch sử

B một người đã thực hiện một khám phá khoa học tình cờ

C một người trở thành triệu phú từ phát minh của mình

D một người đàn ông đã cống hiến cuộc đời mình cho khoa học y khoa

Dẫn chứng: Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting

experiments

Tạm dịch: Các nhà khoa học cũng đã tình cờ có những khám phá quan trọng khi họ đang tiến hành thí

nghiệm

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