Ngôi thứ nhất đổi sang ngôi thứ ba tương ứng với chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề chính: DIRECT REPORTED I He / She My His / her Me Him / her Myself Himself / herself We They Our Their Us Them Ours[r]
Trang 1CÁCH ĐỔI SANG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
(REPORTED SPEECH)
I Đổi đại từ:
1 Ngôi thứ nhất đổi sang ngôi thứ ba tương ứng với chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề chính:
2 Ngôi thứ hai đổi ra một ngôi nào đó để cùng một ngôi với tân ngữ trong mệnh
đề chính:
3 Ngôi thứ ba giữ nguyên không đổi:
Ex: - She said, “he is my English teacher.”
- She said he was her English teacher.
II Đổi thì của động từ: (lùi thì)
1 Simple present: 1 Simple past:
He said, “I feel sick.”
He said he felt sick.
2 Present
continuous: 2 Past continuous: He said, “I am writing a letter.”
He said he was writing a letter.
3 Present perfect: 3 Past perfect:
He said, “I have seen that film”.
He said he had seen that film.
4 Simple past: 4 Past perfect:
She said,” I bought it in 1980.” She said she had bought it in 1980.
6 Will
Can
May
Must
Must not
6 Would Could Might Had to Was not to / Were not to
He said, “I will go to Japan in July.”
He said he would go to Japan ….
III Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn và từ chỉ định:
Trang 2Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Today
Tonight
Yesterday
Last night / week / year / month …
Next week / year …
Now
Ago
Here
This
These
Tomorrow
That day That night The day before The night before / the week before … The following week / the following year … Then
Before There That Those The following day
IV Các dạng câu:
1 Đối với câu khẳng định:
Ex: He said “I have to do this homework now”
He said he had to do that homework then.
=> S + said + S + V……
2 Đối với câu hỏi Yes/ No:
Do/ Does/ Did + S + Vo….?
if / whether
S + V2/ Ved……
Ex: Nhi asked me “Do you know Mr.Nam?”
Nhi asked me if/ whether I knew Mr.Nam.
=> S + asked + O + if/ whether + S +V ……
3 Đối với câu hỏi bắt đầu là Wh-:
Wh-do/ does/ did + S + Vo….?
Wh-S + V2/ Ved……
Ex: The teacher asked me “What do you like?”
The teacher asked me what I liked
=> S + asked + O + Wh- + S +V ……
4 Đối với câu mệnh lệnh, đề nghị:
Ex: “ Don’t play soccer in the living room, Nam”, his mother said
His mother told Nam not to play soccer in the living room
=> S + told + O + (not) to +V ……