100 đề luyện thi vào lớp 10 chuyên anh có đáp án

Read the following passage and choose the option that indicates the correct answer to each of the following questions.2.0 pts In the United States in the early 1800's, individual state

TRÚC LINH

100 ĐỀ LUYỆN THI VÀO LỚP 10

CHUYÊN ANH

CÓ ĐÁP ÁN

ENGLISH PRACTICE 1 PART ONE: PHONETICS

I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others )

1 A supposedly B markedly C allegedly D

determinedly

cable

weight

II Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others

1 A possibility B disappointed C manufacture D instrument

2 A environment B mystery C contribute D terrific

3 A deficiency B psychology C ecological D competitor

4 A recommend B difficulty C admirable D document

5 A encouragement B interviewer C acknowledge D

miraculously

PART TWO: LEXICO-GRAMMAR

I Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences

1 Only after the atomic bomb and development in the air travel _, science fiction really become popular

A had created/ had taken off/ was B had been created/ had been taken off/ has

C had been created/ had taken off/ did D had been created/ / had taken off/ had

2 We‘ve bought some chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store away

3 I don‘t think she can get her message _ to the students She seems too nervous

4 _, it is obvious that the whole thing was a waste of time and effort

A None of us wanted to go in the first place

B Staff meetings are often boring and have no apparent point to them

C Since the results were far more satisfactory than anyone had expected

D Seeing that we couldn‘t solve anything in the end

5 There are words in English having more than one meaning Pay close attention to this fact

A a large many B quite many C a great many D quite a lot

6 This car has many features including _

A stereo, safety devices, air condition, and it saves gas

B good music, safety devices, air conditioning, and gas

C stereo, safety devices, air conditioned, and good gas

D stereo, safety devices, air conditioning, and low gas mileage

7 Round and round _

A the wheels of the engine went B did the wheels of the engine go

C went the wheels of the engine D going the wheels of the engine

8 The replacement of shops such as the groceries and chemists‘ by the café _ the

housewives with insufficient facilities for shopping

have left

9 Your argument _ that Britain is still a great power, but this is no longer the case

D presents

10 They are happily married although, of course, they argue _

A most times B from day to day C every now and then D on the occasion

11 He promised to mend the broken wheel soon without _

mistake

12 One of the first exercises in math class is measure the radius of a circle

A to learn and B to learn how to C learning to D learn to

13 We were shocked to hear the news of your

A having fired B being fired C having been fired D to have been fired

14 I don‘t know French, but I‘ll

A get Tom to translate it B have it translate

C have Tom to translate it D make it translate

15 _ as taste is really a composite sense made up of both taste and smell

16 _ have settled, one of their first concerns has been to locate an adequate water supply

17 Politicians should never lose of the needs of the people they represent

A view B sight C regard D prospect

18 _ team sports require cooperation

A Of all B They are all C Why all are D All

19 Studies indicate _ collecting art today than ever before

A there are that more people B more people that are

C that there are more people D people there are more

20 Doctors advise people who are deficient vitamin C to eat more fruit and

vegetables

A from B of C in D for

21 Dick put ball in net in _ second half but goal was disallowed

A a - a - a - a B the - the - the - the

C the - the - a - a D a - a - the - the

22 There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened _ a sudden loud noise

A being there B should there be C there was D there have been

23 The computer has dramatically affected photographic lenses are constructed

A is the way B that the way C which way do D the way

24 Six novels a year, you say? He‘s certainly a writer

A fruitful B fertile C virile

D prolific

25 The handwriting is completely This note must have been written a long time ago

unfeasible

II Give the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets

a The children were frightened because the lights suddenly (1.go) out and they (2.sit)

in the dark

b What tune (3 play) when we (4 come) in?

c She was badly hurt when her car hit another car If she (5 wear) her seat belt, she (6 not hurt) so badly

d It is vital that no one else (7 know) _ about the secret government operation

e It seems strange to be standing here, (8 look) _ out at SydneyHarbor

f Tom had a lucky escape He (9 kill) when a car crashed into the front of his house

g _ (10 Rank) as a masterpiece, a work of art must transcend the ideals of the period in

which it was created

III There are ten mistakes in the following passage Find and correct them (1.5 pt)

It seems that the mystery of why the Pyramids were built may have solved Until quite recently people got used to think that they were just tombs for pharaohs Instead, the connection with astronomy seems much more important Egyptologists have often asked them how long it spent to build them and why people built them in first place Experts came up with a suggestion that the Egyptians may have believed in the River Nile was the earthly equivalent of the Milky Way Many agree that the sizes of the three Giza Pyramids are in promotion to the three stars of Orion Nothing, then, was by the chance Rather, the souls of dead pharaohs were deliberately being project through shafts to reach at their goal of the Orion constellation

IV Give the correct form of the word in each of the following brackets.(1.5 pt)

It was not so long ago that we dealt with colleagues through face-to-face (1 INTERACT) and with counterparts and customers by phone or letter But the world of communication has undergone a dramatic transformation, not for all the good Email, while (2 DOUBT) _ a swift means of communication providing your server is fully (3.FUNCTION) and that the address you have contains no (4 ACCURATE) _ has had a (5 SIGNIFY) _ effect on certain people‘s behaviour, both at home and business For those people, the use of email has become irresistibly (6 ADDICT) _ to the extent that it is (7 THREAT) _ their mental and physical health Addicts spend their day (8 COMPULSION) _ checking for email and have a (9 TEND) to panic if their

server goes down It is estimated that one in six people spend four hours a day sending and receiving messages, the equivalent to more than two working days a week The negative effect

on (10 PRODUCE) is something employers are well aware of

PART THREE: READING (6.0 POINTS)

I Read the following passage and choose the option that indicates the correct answer to each

of the following questions.(2.0 pts)

In the United States in the early 1800's, individual state governments had more effect on

the economy than did the federal government States chartered manufacturing, banking, mining, and transportation firms and participated in the construction of various internal improvements such as canals, turnpikes, and railroads The states encouraged internal improvements in two

distinct ways; first, by actually establishing state companies to build such improvements;

second, by providing part of the capital for mixed public-private companies setting out to make a profit

In the early nineteenth century, state governments also engaged in a surprisingly large amount of direct regulatory activity, including extensive licensing and inspection programs Licensing targets reflected both similarities and differences between the economy of the nineteenth century and that of today: in the nineteenth century, state regulation through licensing fell especially on peddlers, innkeepers, and retail merchants of various kinds The perishable commodities of trade generally came understate inspection, and such important frontier staples

as lumber and gunpowder were also subject to state control Finally, state governments experimented with direct labor and business regulation designed to help the individual laborer or

consumer, including setting maximum limits on hours of work and restrictions on price-fixing

by businesses

Although the states dominated economic activity during this period, the federal government was not inactive Its goals were the facilitation of western settlement and the

development of native industries Toward these ends, the federal government pursued several

courses of action It established a national bank to stabilize banking activities in the country and,

in part, to provide a supply of relatively easy money to the frontier, where it was greatly needed for settlement It permitted access to public western lands on increasingly easy terms, culminating in the Homestead Act of 1862, by which title to land could be claimed on the basis

of residence alone Finally, it set up a system of tariffs that was basically protectionist in effect, although maneuvering for position by various regional interests produced frequent changes in tariff rates throughout the nineteenth century

1 What does the passage mainly discuss?

A States's rights versus federal rights

B The participation of state governments in railroad, canal, and turnpike construction

C The roles of state and federal governments in the economy of the nineteenthcentury

D Regulatory activity by state governments

2 The word “effect” in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

A value B argument C influence D restraint

3 All of the following are mentioned in the passage as areas that involved statevernments in the nineteenth century EXCEPT _

A mining B banking C manufacturing D higher education

4 The word “distinct” in bold in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _

A separate B innovative C alarming D provocative

5 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that in the nineteenth century canals and railroads were _

A built with money that came from the federal government

B much more expensive to build than they had been previously

C built predominantly in the western part of the country

D sometimes built in part by state companies

6 The regulatory activities of state governments included all of the following EXCEPT _

A licensing of retail merchants B inspecting materials used in turnpike

maintenance

C imposing limits on price-fixing D control of lumber

7 The word “setting” in bold in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _

A discussing B analyzing C establishing D avoiding

8 The word “ends” in bold in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

A benefits B decisions C services D

goals

9 According to the passage, which of the following is true of the Homestead Act of 1862?

A It made it increasingly possible for settlers to obtain land in the West

B It was a law first passed by state governments in the West

C It increased the money supply in the West

D It established tariffs in a number of regions

10 Which of the following activities was the responsibility of the federal government in the nineteenth century?

A.Control of the manufacture of gunpowder

B Determining the conditions under which individuals worked

C Regulation of the supply of money

D Inspection of new homes built on western lands

II Read the text below and fill in each blank with ONE suitable word (2.0 pts)

The British are widely (1) _ to be a very polite nation, and in (2) respects this

is true An Italian journalist once commented of the British that they need (3) _ fewer than

four ―thank you‖ merely to buy a bus ticket The first, from the bus conductor means, ―I‘m here.‖

The second accompanies the handing over of the money The third, again from the conductor, (4)

―Here is your ticket.‖, and then the passenger utters a final one as he accepts the tickets

Such transactions in most (5) parts of the world are usually conducted in total silence In sharp contrast to this excessive politeness with strangers, the British are strangely lacking (6) _ ritual phrases for social interaction The exhortation ―Good appetite‖, uttered in so (7)

other languages to fellow-diners before a meal, does not exist in English The nearest

equivalent – Enjoy your dinner! – is said only by people who will not be partaking of the meal in

question What‘s more, the British (8) happiness to their friends or acquaintances only at the start of a new year and at (9) _ such as birthdays, (10) _ the Greeks routinely wish

all and sundry a ―good week‖ or a ―good month‖

Your answers:

1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5.

6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10.

III Read the passage and choose the best option for each of the following blanks (2.0 pts)

Media and advertising

After more than fifty years of television, it might seem only obvious to conclude that it is

here to (1) There have been many objections to it during this time, of course, and (2) a variety of grounds Did it cause eye-strain? Was the (3) bombarding us with

radioactivity? Did the advertisements contain subliminal messages, persuading us to buy more?

Did children turn to violence through watching it, either because so (4) programmes

taught them how to shoot, rob, and kill, or because they had to do something to counteract the

hours they had spent glued to the tiny screen? Or did it simply create a vast passive (5) drugged by glamorous serials and inane situation (6) ? On the other hand did it increase

anxiety by sensationalizing the news [or the news which was (7) by suitable pictures] and filling our living rooms with war, famine and political unrest? (8) in all, television

proved to be the all-purpose scapegoat for the second half of the century, blamed for everything,

but above all, eagerly watched For no (9) how much we despised it, feared it, were

bored by it, or felt that it took us away from the old paradise of family conversation and hobbies such as collecting stamps, we never turned it off We kept staring at the screen, aware that our

own tiny (10) was in if we looked carefully

reason

consciousness

PART FOUR: WRITING (6.0 POINTS)

I Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it (2.0 pts)

1 If the work is finished by lunchtime, you can go home

2 After the scandal, he was asked to resign (HAND)

 _

3 Bruce said that the situation at work was like a family argument (likened)

 _

4 My father is not feeling well these days (weather)

 _

5 I don‘t think this record will ever be popular (catch)

 _

6 His arrival was completely unexpected (took)

 _

7 The success of our local theater has made our city famous (map)

 _

8 He is certainly not a reliable witness (means)

 _

9 Our company is the only company allowed to import these chemicals (monopoly)

 _

10 It‘s uncertain whether the band‘s tour will take place (BALANCE)

 _

III Essay writing (2.0 pts)

Some high schools require all students to wear school uniforms Other high schools permit

students to decide what to wear to school Which of these two school policies do you think is

better?

In about 250 words, write an essay to expess your opinion, usingspecific reasons and examples

to support your opinion

(You may continue your writing on the back page if you need more space.)

KEYS

PART ONE: PHONETICS (1.0 POINT)

I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently fromthat of the others (0.5 pt)

II Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others.(0.5 pt)

PART TWO: LEXICO-GRAMMAR (7.0 POINTS)

I Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences.(2.5pts)

22 B 23 D 24 D 25 C

II Give the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets (1.5 pt)

1 had gone 2 were sitting

3 was being played 4 came

5 had been wearing 6 wouldn‘t have been hurt

9 could have been killed 10 To be ranked

III There are ten mistakes in the following passage Find and correct them (1.5 pt)

It seems that the mystery of why the Pyramids were built may (1 have solvedhave been solved) Until quite recently people got used (2 to thinkto thinking) that they were just tombs for pharaohs Instead, the connection with astronomy (3.seem  seems) much more important Egyptologists have often asked (4 them  themselves) how long it (5 spent  took) to build them and why people built them in (6 first place  the first place) Experts came up with a suggestion that the Egyptians may have (7 believed in believed that) the

River Nile was the earthly equivalent of the Milky Way Many agree that the sizes of the three

Giza Pyramids are in propotion to the three stars of Orion Nothing, then, was (8 by the chance

 by chance) Rather, the souls of dead pharaohs were deliberatedly being (9 project  projected) through shafts to (10 reach at  reach) their goal of the Orion constellation

IV Give the correct form of the word in each of the following brackets (1.5 pt)

1 INTERACTION 2 UNDOUBTEDLY 3 FUNCTIONAL

4 INACCURACIES 5 SIGNIFICANT 6 ADDICTIVE

10 PRODUCTION

PART THREE: READING (6.0 POINTS)

I Read the following passage and choose the option that indicates the correct answer to each

of the following questions.(2.0 pts)

1 C 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 D

6 B 7 C 8 D 9 A 10 C

II Read the text below and fill in each blank with ONE suitable word (2.0 pts)

PART FOUR: WRITING (6 POINTS)

I Rewrite the following sentences beginning with the given words (2.0 pts)

1 Get the work finished by lunchtime and you can go home

2 It‘s about time you did your homework

3 Only on his fourth proposal did she accept to marry him

4 He attributed his win/ victory/ success/ achievement/ triumph to good luck

5 That takes me back to the time I climbed to the top of Mount Fuji

6 What people rumour is that he is rich but stingy

7 There is no point in considering such a ridiculous proposal seriously

8 The very thought of his face at that moment makes me laugh

9.There is an absence of animals in a vast area after the forest fire

10 So intense was the hatred for Frank’s new policies that the staff went on strike

II Write a new sentence similar in meaning to the given one, using the word given in the brackets Do not alter the word in any way (2.0 pts)

1 It suddenly dawned on me what the meaning of a ―freebie‖ was

2 After the scandal, he was asked to hand in his resignation

3 Bruce likened the situation at work to a family argument

4 My father is feeling (a bit) under the weather these days

5 I don‘t think this record will ever catch on

6 His arrival took us (completely) by surprise

7 The success of our local theater has put our city on the map

8 He is by no means a reliable witness

9 Our company has got the monopoly of/on/in importing these chemicals

10 The band‘s tour is in the balance

III Essay writing (2.0 pts) Marking scheme

Markers should discuss the suggested answers and the marking scale thoroughly before marking the papers The mark given to part III is based on the following scheme:

 Câu đề dẫn phải thể hiện được rõ ý kiến của người viết

 Bố cục hợp lí, rõ ràng phù hợp với yêu cầu của đề bài và đầy đủ 3 phần: mở

bài, thân bài, kết luận

 Bố cục uyển chuyển từ mở bài đến kết luận

0.10 0.15

0.15

 Sử dụng ngôn từ phù hợp với nội dung của bài viết

 Sử dụng ngôn từđúng văn phong/ thể loại, đa dạng về từ vựng và cấu trúc

 Sử dụng từ nối các ý cho bài viết uyển chuyển

0.10 0.15

- Cùng một lỗi chính tả lặp lại chỉ tính là một lỗi

 Sử dụng đúng thời, thể, cấu trúc câu đúng ngữ pháp (Lỗi ngữ pháp gây hiểu

nhầm/ sai lệch ý sẽ bị trừ 1% điểm bài viết.)

0.10 0.10

03 A provide B product C production D procedure

Question 2: Choose the word whose stress pattern is differently from those of the other words Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below (5p)

06 A argumentative B psychological C contributory D hypersensitive

07 A atomic B brilliant C determined D ambitious

08 A trigonometry B explanatory C immediately D democracy

10 A majority B ceremony C astronomy D investiture

B GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (60 points)

Question 3: Give the correct tense/ form of the verbs in the brackets Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below (30p)

a It‘s time we (11 go) If we (12 not leave) now, we (13 miss) the train

b I know I (14 not write) to you before, but I (15 be) so busy recently that I (16 not have) time

for writing letters I (17 telephone) you instead, but I (18 forget) your number

c Why didn‘t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (19 not borrow) it from the bank

d He is walking (20 hurry) to the place where his ex-wife, a famous naturalist now (21 lie) (22

bury) among the animals she (23 love) so much

e We will see Alice at the corner, she (24 wait) for us when we (25 arrive)

f He resents (26 be) (27 tell) what (28 do)

g Her mother (29 go) abroad last month, so it (30 not be) her you see at the theater last

Sunday

Question 4: The passage below contains 10 errors IDENTIFY and CORRECT them (0) has

been done as an example Write your answers in the numbered blanks below (20p)

Question 5: Fill in each blank with a suitable PREPOSITION or PARTICLE Write your

answers in the numbered blanks provided below the passage (10p)

41 We‘re all very obliged _ you

42 When the wound has healed _ you can remove the plaster

43 Without a fridge, fresh food will go _ very quickly

44 I‘m faithful _ my principle

45 I haven‘t heard _ Mandy since she wrote in July

46 This service is free _ charge

47 They went ahead contrary _ my advice

48 The weather was fine, and everyone was making _ the coast

49 We‘re going _ Tom‘s car tomorrow

50 Have a card _ your sleeve

C READING (40 points)

Question 6: Read the following passage and choose the best answer Write your answers in the

numbered blanks provided below the passage (20p)

In addition to the great ridges and volcanic chains, the oceans conceal another form of

undersea mountains: the strange guyot, or flat-topped seamount No marine geologist even

suspected the existence of these isolated mountains until they were discovered by geologist

Harry H Hess in 1946 He was serving at the time as naval officer on a ship equipped with a

fathometer Hess named these truncated peaks for the nineteenth-century Swiss-born geologist

Arnold Guyot, who had served on the faculty of Princeton University for thirty years Since then, hundreds of guyots have been discovered in every ocean but the Arctic Like offshore canyons, guyots present a challenge to oceanographic theory They are believed to be extinct volcanoes Their flat tops indicate that they once stood above or just below the surface, where the action of waves leveled off their peaks Yet today, by definition, their summits are at least 600 feet below the surface, and some are as deep as 8,200 feet Most lie between 3,200 feet and 6,500 feet Their tops are not really flat but slope upward to a low pinnacle at the center Dredging from the tops

of guyots has recovered basalt and coral rubble, and that would be expected from the eroded tops

of what were once islands Some of this material is over 80 million years old Geologists think the drowning of the guyots involved two processes: The great weight of the volcanic mountains depressed the sea floor beneath them, and the level of the sea rose a number of times, especially when the last Ice Age ended, some 8,000 to 11.000 years ago

51 What is the author's main purpose in writing this passage?

A To trace the career of Arnold Guyot

B To describe feature of the undersea world

C To present the results of recent geologic research

D To discuss underwater ridges and volcano chains

52 The word “conceal” is closest in meaning to which of the following?

53 The passage implies that guyots were first detected by means of

C a deep-sea diving expedition D research submarines

54 The author indicates that Arnold Guyot

A was Harry Hess's instructor B invented the fathometer

C named the guyed after himself D taught at Princeton University

55 What does the passage say about the Arctic Ocean?

A The first guyot was discovered there

B No guyots have ever been found there

C There are more guyots there than in any other ocean

D It is impossible that guyots were ever formed there

56 The author states that offshore canyons and guyots have which of the following characteristics in common?

A Both are found on the ocean floor near continental shelves

B Both present oceanographers with a mystery

C Both were formed by volcanic activity

D Both were, at one time, above the surface of the sea

57 According to the passage, most guyots are found at a depth of

A less than 600 feet B between 600 and 3,200 feet

C between 3,200 and 6,500 feet D more than 8,200 feet

51 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “rubble”?

51 According to the passage, which of the following two processes were involved in the submersion of guyots?

A Erosion and volcanic activity

B The sinking of the sea floor and the rising of sea level

C Mountain building and the action of ocean currents

D High tides and earthquakes

60 According to the passage, when did sea level significantly rise?

C From 8,000 to 11,000 years D 80 million years ago

Question 7: Read the following passage and choose the best answer Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below the passage (20p)

As Christmas evolved in the United States, new customs were adopted and many old ones were reworked The legend of Santa Claus, for example, had origins in Europe and was brought by Dutch settlers to New York in the early 18th century Traditionally, Santa Claus - from the Dutch Sinter Klaas - was depicted as a tall, dignified, religious figure riding a white horse through the air Known as Saint Nicholas in Germany, he was usually accompanied by Black Peter, an elf who punished disobedient children In North America he eventually

developed into a fat, jolly old gentleman who had neither the religious attributes of Saint

Nicholas nor the strict disciplinarian character of Black Peter

Santa‘s transformation began in 1823, when a New York newspaper published the poem

A Visit from Saint Nicholas, which Clement Clark Moore had written to amuse his daughter The

poem introduced many Americans to the story of a kindly saint who flew over housetops in a reindeer-drawn sleigh Portraits and drawings of Santa Claus by American illustrator Thomas Nast further strengthened the legend during the second half of the 19th century Living at the North Pole and assisted by elves, the modern Santa produced and delivered toys to all good children By the late 19th century he had become such a prominent figure of American folklore

that in 1897, when Virginia O‘Hanlon wrote to the New York Sun newspaper asking if Santa was real, she received a direct answer: ―Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus‖

61 Who brought the legend of Santa Claus to the USA according to the passage?

A Sinter Klaas B Saint Nicholas C A German D Dutch settlers

62 Santa Claus was traditionally described as a

A tall man who could walk through the air B fat, jolly, old man

C religious figure D fat man riding a white horse

63 Santa Claus in North America was depicted as

A a man with the strict disciplinarian character of Black Peter

B a good old man with less religious character

C one with religious attributes of Saint Nicholas

D a jolly man on horseback

64 Who was Black Peter?

A an elf accompanying Saint Nicholas B an elf who rode a white horse

C one of the disobedient children D a popular traditional figure

65 What word is closest in meaning to “attributes”?

A symbols of a person B natural qualities C effects D outer appearance

66 Where did the legend of Santa Claus come from?

A the North Pole B Europe C North America D the City of New York

67 1823 was mentioned as a year when

A Clement Clark Moore wrote his first poem

B Clement Clark Moore‘s poem made him popular

C Saint Nicholas visited New York

D the image of Santa Claus was transformed

68 According to Clement Clark Moore’s poem

A Santa Claus had nothing different in appearance from the traditional one

B Santa Claus had wings and could fly

C Santa Claus liked poetry

D Santa Claus was a kindly saint who flew over housetops in a sleigh

69 The answer “Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus” is an illustration for the fact

that

A the New York Sun was popular with children

B Santa Claus was a prominent figure at that time

C newspapers are unreliable

D Virginia O‘Hanlon was a reader of the New York Sun

70 Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A Santa Claus was an imaginary old man created by artists based on traditional figures

B Living in the North Pole, Santa Claus visited children at Christmas

C Santa Claus was a real figure living in northern America

D Santa Claus was a story based on Saint Nicholas and Black Peter

D USE OF ENGLISH (30 points)

Question 8: Choose the word that best fits each of the blanks in the following passage Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below the passage (0) has been done as an example (10p)

Vietnamese generally shake hands when greeting and parting Using both hands shows respect as does a (71) bow of the head In rural areas, elderly people do not extend their hand are greeted with a bow Women are more (72) to bow the head than to shake hands Vietnamese names begin with the family name and are (73) by a given name For example, in the name Nguyen Van Due, Nguyen is the family name People address (74) by their given names, but add a title that indicates their perceived (75) to the other person These titles are family related rather than professional Among colleagues, for example, the (76) of the two might combine the given name with the title of Anh ("Older Brother") A(n) (77) greeting combined with the given name and

title is Xin chao ("Hello.") Classifiers for gender and familiarity are also combined with the

greeting In formal meetings, business cards are sometimes (78) on greeting

Vietnamese people have a strong (79) of hospitality and feel embarrassed if they cannot show their guests full respect by preparing for their arrival Therefore, it (80) to visit someone without having been invited Gifts are not required, but are appreciated Flowers, incense, or tea may be proper gifts for the hosts Hosts also appreciate a small gift for their children or elderly parents

74 A each one B one other C one the other D one another

75 A relation B relationship C relation D relatives

76 A younger B most young C youngest D young

78 A changed B transferred C reserved D exchanged

79 A sense B sensation C sensitivity D sensible

80 A inactive B inaccurate C inappropriate D inexact

Question 9: Fill each blank with ONE suitable word Write your answers in the numbered blanks provided below the passage (0) has been done as an example (10p)

Cell Phones

Cell phones have been popular in Japan (0 since) the early 1990s, but it was

(81) until 1999 that their use really took off The age of cell phones has emerged, but with it come problems

Cell phones are used on buses and trains, in restaurants, and in all areas of (82) They cause problems when they (82) during meetings, concerts, weddings, or even funerals What's more, people speak loudly in public, and students read and text messages during lessons (83) seriously, when a cell phone is used near a person (84) a pacemaker to fegulate his heartbeat, its radio waves may interfere with the functioning of the pacemaker

Now, something is being done to solve these (86) In many places, new technology is being used to block cell phone calls Airline (87) are requested to stop using cell phones while on board Concert halls ask their audience to switch their phones to the (88) mode However, phone users fear that if they do not (89) their phones, they will lose valuable business opportunities That's why many do not (90) off their phones even when they are asked to

Question 10: Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word Write your answers in the numbered spaces provided below (10p)

91 Those (theatre) group has never lost its appeal

92 Dolphins, (mammal) species, sometimes jump above the surface of the water

93 The situation is so (chaos) in some countries now that it is difficult to see any solution

94 He‘s the most (please), ill-mannered person I‘ve ever met

95 Good friends can enrich the quality of our lives (measure)

96 This famous singer had two (enter) in the Guinness Book of World Records

97 Beauty is in the eye of the (hold)

98 Computers are now considered (dispense) in the business world

99 Due to (electric) the difference between urban life and rural life is more and more reduced

100 A doctor may prescribe (biotic) if the patient has an infection

E WRITING (30p)

Question 11: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it (10p)

101 Someone stole the old lady‘s handbag

→ The old lady was

102 A true story forms the basis of Mary‘s new novel

→ Mary‘s new novel

103 If you have completed your test, you can go home

→ Get

104 Absolute secrecy was crucial to the success of the mission

106 The job received over a hundred applications (APPLIED)

Question 13: Writing an essay (40p)

It is widely believed nowadays that social knowledge and the ability to adapt in a changing society make a school-leaver succeed in getting a job

What do you think about the saying?

Write an essay of around 250 words to prove your points

_THE END _

11 went 12 don‘t leave 13 will miss 14 shouldn‘t/ oughtn‘t have written

15 have been 16 haven‘t had 17 should/would have telephoned 18 have forgot(ten)

19 needn‘t have borrowed 20 hurrying 21 lies 22 buried

23 loved 24 will be waiting 25 arrive 26 being 27 told

28 to do 29 went 30 can‘t/ couldn‘t have been

Question 4: (10p)

31 visiting → to visit 32 no → not 33 right address → the right address

34 their → its 35 up → down 36 had → had been

37 risen → raised 38 extending → extended

39 previous → previously 40 untidy gravel yard → an untidy gravel yard

81 not 82 life 83 ring 84 More 85.using

86 problems 87 passengers 88 silent 89 answer 90 turn/switch

Question 10: (10p)

91 theatrical 92 mammalian 93 chaotic 94 unpleasant 95 immeasurably

96 entries 97 beholder 98 Indispensable 99 Electrification 100 antibiotics

E WRITING (30p)

Question 11: (10p)

101 The old lady was robbed of her hand bag

102 Mary‘s new novel is based on a true story

103 Get your test completed/ finished and you can go home

104 Without absolute secrecy this mission would not have succeeded/ been successful/ been a success/ would have failed

105 Urgent action is/ measures are necessary/ essential to solve this problem

Question 12: (10p)

106 Over a hundred people applied for the job

107 Alan takes (a) pride in his punctuality

108 This year‘s festival attracted a record/ high turnout

109 He is making quite a name for himself as an interviewer

110 The whole team was in good spirits

Question 13: (20p) ESSAY WRITING

_THE END _

ENGLISH PRACTICE 3

I LEXICO-GRAMMAR (7/20 points)

Part 1: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence Write your answer (A, B,

C, or D) in the numbered box

1 Sheila will inherit everything her uncle‘s death

A on account of B in spite of C in the event of D in place of

2 His poor handling of the business on negligence

3 Down for three days

C did the rain pour D do the rain poor

4 Can I your brains for a moment? I can‘t do this crossword by myself

5 The job wasn‘t giving the of the experience he wanted

A width B depth C length D breadth

6 I suppose I could advertising

7 The storm ripped our tent to

8 She travelled the world in of her dreams

A pursuit B finding C chase D trail

9 The agency is and not run for profit

10 Mike, _, will you switch off that television!

11 The (PLACE) _ of natural resources is becoming inadequate

for the support of increasing population

12 The grammar section provides coverage of all the most

(PROBLEM) _ areas

13 He has recorded the (NARRATE) for the production

14 In this profession, women (NUMBER) men by two to one

15 An (LAY) _ showing population can be placed on top of the

map

16 The shells are so hard and they are virtually (DESTROY) _

17 We should arrive two days early in order to (CLIMATE)

18 These changes are likely to (POOR) single-parent families

even further

19 I‘m afraid the hospital is desperately (STAFF) at the moment

20 This book will challenge your (CONCEPT) _ about rural life

Human and primates, the family of apes, gorillas, and chimpanzees, among others,

divide many common traits

While primates are deemed the most intelligent of animals, most researchers believed

they lack the capacity to produce language However, a research project in the 1970s

at University of Georgia showed promise that chimpanzees have the ability to learn a

certain language, just as human children do

The project used several chimpanzees as test subjects in which Lana, a female chimp

was the study focus

Though the primates lack the vocal constructions to make human speech patterns, the

researchers created a language called Yerkish, using lexigram made up of symbols

that represent sounds and words 125 symbols were placed on a keyboard, which

Lana was taught how to use the board to communicate with the researchers She

successfully expressed her thoughts by pressing different keys in succession In some

cases, she used up to seven at times

Part 4: Supply the correct form of the VERB in brackets to complete the passage Write your

answer in the numbered box

I don't normally go to the cinema Not because I don't like it but because it's just a habit I

(31.never GET) into However, on this occasion I (32 DECIDE) to go

because my friends (33 constantly GO) on about this film all week and eventually

wore me down It was starring some ephemeral Hollywood actor whom I had vaguely heard of

but couldn't put a face to We got to the cinema early to find people (34 already WAIT) outside, which suggested that my friends weren't the only ones who thought

it was worth seeing although I could still think of several other things I would rather having

been doing at that moment In the end, the film (35 TURN) _ out to be not half as bad

as expected, though I (36 PREFER) something with a bit more action The plot

centred on two men who were planning to carry out some immensely complicated robbery,

though what they (37 completely FAIL) _ to realize was that all the time their plans

(38 closely MONITOR) by the police Somewhat unpredictably, however, they

got away with it because they (39 CHANGE) _ their plans at the last minute It

was okay but I (40.not THINK) of going again

Your answers

34 39

Part 5: Fill each gap in the following sentences with one of the prepositions or particles in the box Use each word only ONCE and write your answer in the numbered box (Please note that the given words outnumber the gaps.)

41 He likes to show _ how well he speaks French

42 They were sad because the plan fell _ at the last minutes

43 Ben is a true adventurer He has climbed this country's highest mountain, canoed _ the continent, and hiked through the Amazon jungle

44 She wrote the book _ collaboration with one of her students

45 You'd better write _ the appointment in your agenda, or you'll probably forget

46 Mary has always looked _ to her uncle, who is a very successful actor

47 I do feel you, honestly!

48 As I had put on weight, my dress was too tight so I had to let it especially around the waist

49 I'm sorry but Dr Ho sees patients _ appointments only

50 He spoke _ such assurance that we couldn't but believe him

II READING (6/ 20 points)

Part 1: Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap Write your answer in the numbered box (0) has been done as an example

When faced (0) some new and possible bewildering technology change, most people (51) in one of two ways They either recoil (52) anything new, claiming that it is unnecessary, or too complicated or that it (53) makes life less than human Or they learn to adapt to the new invention and (54) wonder how they could possibly have existed (55) it Take computers as example For many of us, they still (56) a threat to our freedom and give us a frightening (57) of a future in which all decisions will be (58) by machines This may be because they seem (59) , and difficult to understand Ask most people what you can use a home computer for, and you usually get vague answers about how ‗they give you information‘ In fact, even those of us who are (60) with computer and use them in our daily work, have little idea

of how they work But it does not take long to learn how to operate a business programme, even

if things occasionally go wrong for no apparent (61) Presumably, much the same happened when telephone and television became widespread What seems to alarm most people

is the (62) of technology change, (63) than change itself And the objections that are made to new technology may (64) have a point to them, since change is not always an improvement As we discover during power cuts, there is a lot to be said for the oil lamp, the coal fire, and forms of entertainment, such as books or board (65) , which don‘t have to be plugged into work

53 A somewhere B someplace C someway D somewhat

54 A eventually B possibly C initially D naturally

57 A possibility B sense C idea D prospect

59 A unsteady B unsure C mysterious D obvious

60 A accustomed B familiar C used D commonplace

Your answers

0 A

Part 2: Read the following passage and answer the questions from 66 to 75 that follow

THE HISTORY OF THE GUITAR

The word 'guitar' was brought into English as an adaptation of the Spanish word 'guitarra‘, which was, in turn, derived from the Greek 'kithara' Tracing the roots of the word further back into linguistic history, it seems to have been a combination of the Indo-European stem 'guit-‘, meaning music, and the root '-tar‘, meaning chord or string The root '-tar' is actually common to a number of languages, and can also be found in the word 'sitar‘, also a stringed musical instrument Although the spelling and pronunciation differ between languages, these key elements have been present in most words for 'guitar' throughout history

While the guitar may have gained most of its popularity as a musical instrument during the modern era, guitar-like instruments have been in existence in numerous cultures throughout the world for more than 5.000 years The earliest instruments that the modern eye and ear would recognise as a 'normal' acoustic guitar date from about 500 years ago Prior to this time, stringed instruments were in use throughout the world, but these early instruments are known primarily from visual depictions, not from the continued existence of music written for them The majority

of these depictions show simple stringed instruments, often lacking some of the parts that define

a modern guitar A number of these instruments have more in common with the lute than the guitar

There is some uncertainty about the exact date of the earliest six-string guitar The oldest one still in existence, which was made by Gaetano Vinaccia, is dated 1779 However, the authenticity of six-string guitars alleged to have been made prior to 1790 is often suspect, as many fakes have been discovered dating to this era The early nineteenth century is generally accepted as the time period during which six-string guitars began taking on their modern shape and dimensions Thus for nearly two hundred years, luthiers, or guitar makers, have been producing versions of the modern acoustic guitar

The first electric guitar was not developed until the early twentieth century George Beauchamp received the first patent for an electric guitar in 1936, and Beauchamp went on to co-found Rickenbacker, originally known as the Electro String Instrument Company Although

Rickenbacker began producing electric guitars in the late 1930s, this brand received most of its fame in the 1960s, when John Lennon used a Rickenbacker guitar for the Beatles' debut performance on the Ed Sullivan show in 1964 George Harrison later bought a Rickenbacker guitar of his own, and the company later gave him one of their earliest 12-string electric guitars Paul McCartney also used a Rickenbacker bass guitar for recording The Beatles continued to use Rickenbacker guitars throughout their career, and made the instruments highly popular among other musicians of the era

The Fender Musical Instruments Company and the Gibson Guitar Corporation were two other early electric guitar pioneers, both developing models in the early 1950s Fender began with the Telecaster in 1950 and 1951, and the Fender Stratocaster debuted in 1954 Gibson began selling the Gibson Les Paul, based partially on assistance from jazz musician and guitar innovator Les Paul, in 1952 The majority of present day solid-body electric guitars are still based largely on these three early electric guitar designs

Throughout the history of the guitar, an enormous number of individuals have made their mark on the way in which the instrument was built, played and perceived Though some of these individuals are particularly well known, like the Beatles or Les Paul, the majority of these people are virtually invisible to most modern guitar fans By looking at the entire history of the guitar, rather than just recent developments, largely confined to electric guitars, it is possible to see more of the contributions of earlier generations

Questions 66-70

Complete the sentences Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for

each answer Write your answer in the numbered box

66 Despite differences in _, 'guit-' and '-tar' appear in the word for 'guitar' in many languages

67 Instruments that we would call acoustic guitars have been made and played for approximately

_

68 The of acoustic guitars have not changed much in 200 years

69 Les Paul, the well-known guitarist, was involved in the development of the electric guitar

70 Most of the guitar know little about its rich history

Complete the summary Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each

answer Write your answer in the numbered box

Instruments similar to the guitar have been played by musicians for over (71) years What we know about many of these instruments comes from (72) rather than actual physical examples or music played on them In some ways, these early stringed instruments were closer to (73) than the guitar as we know it today We do have examples of six-string guitars that are 200 years old However, the (74) of six-string guitars made by guitar makers who are also known as luthiers before the final decade of the eighteenth century is often open to question

Although the electric guitar was invented in the 1930s, it took several decades for electric guitars

to develop, with the company Rickenbacker playing a major part in this development Most (75) electric guitars in use today are similar in design to guitars produced by the Fender Musical Instruments Company and the Gibson Guitar Corporation in the 1950s

as an example

PEDAL POWER

If you are trying to get around central London when the traffic is bad and you can‘t find a

taxi, (0) : pedal-powered rickshaws are becoming increasingly popular in the

capital In fact, it is estimated that 350 of them now cruise the streets, though there is no official licensing procedure for these diminutive vehicles, so precise numbers are not available And this

is exactly the problem; it is claimed by residents‘ associations and taxi drivers Since rickshaws are not subject to the same regulations as other vehicles, (76) Consequently, the areas around popular tourist sights are sometimes packed with stationary pedicabs, as the rickshaws are also known And (77) as no specific law is being broken

On the other hand, (78) , which naturally get stuck in traffic jams like other motor vehicle And unlike traditional London cabs, pedal-powered rickshaws cause no pollution whatsoever Many tourists like them because they are an amusing, unusual way to get around But are they potentially dangerous? Well, (79) Some taxi drivers claim the three-wheeled vehicles are inherently unstable and may tip over if the driver takes a corner too quickly Rickshaw drivers insist that they drive almost exclusively in the narrow streets of the city centre, where (80) There has as yet been no serious accident involving a pedicab, but the government is considering some form of regulation just to be on the safe side

A it could hardly be any different in this context

B it is difficult for traffic police to do anything about them

C it never seems to cause too much inconvenience

D it very much depends who you talk to

E it annoys pedestrians as much as motorists

F it is clear that there is a need for an alternative to taxis

G it is impossible to gain enough speed for this to be a problem

H it is not clear whether they are subject to parking restrictions

I it is tempting to try an alternative

Although the (0) in the global temperature by 4 per cent predicted by many scientists may not sound like much, it is the difference between (81) and the last Ice Age, when huge glaciers (82) Europe and most of Britain Nobody knows exactly what would happen in a warmer world, (83) we do know some things Heat a kettle and the water inside it expands The temperature of the world has climbed more than half a degree this century, and the oceans have risen by at (84) 10 cm

But just as it takes several minutes for a kettle to begin (85) , so it may have taken the oceans thirty years to swell This means that the global warming we are now (86) is a result only of the carbon dioxide we have dumped into the atmosphere up to (87) 1960s Since then, the use of fossil (88) has increased rapidly Scientists working for the United Nations and European governments have (89) warning that what the Dutch and the people of the East Anglia will need to do will be to build more extensive sea defences Many of the world‘s greater cities are at (90) , because they are located at sea level Miami, (91) entirely built on a sandbank, could be swept away But the effects of (92) sea levels will be much worse for the developing countries With a metre rise in sea levels, 200 million people could become (93)

There are other fears too, (94) to a recent United Nations report The plight of the hungry in the northern Africa could (95) , as rainfall in the Sahara and beyond is reduced by 20 per cent

101 From the educational point of view his childhood years had been well spent (TERMS)

The chart below shows the results of a survey on various home activities among young

people aged 11 to 16 in four countries Write a report describing the information in the chart

Home activities among young people

Part 4:

A large number of people think that nowadays women should not work hard to earn their living; they should spend more time in caring for their families

To what extend do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

Write about 300 words to support your position (and do not include your personal information)

THE END

KEYS – PRACTICE 3

I LEXICO- GRAMMAR (7/20 points)

Part 1: (1/ 20pts) (0.1 point for each correct answer)

1 C 2 D 3 B 4 B 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 A 9 C 10 A

Part 2: (1/ 20pts) (0.1 point for each correct answer)

11 replacement 12 problematic 13 narration 14 outnumber 15 overlay

16 indestructible 17 acclimatize 18 impoverish 19

24 just as

=> just like

25 in which => among which

32 decided 33 had been constantly going/

had constantly gone

34 were already waiting

38 were being closely monitored/ were closely monitored

II READING: (6/ 20 points)

Part 1: (1.5/ 20pts) (0.1 point for each correct answer)

68 shape and dimensions

69 jazz 70 Fans

71 five

thousand

72 visual depictions 73 the lute 74 authenticity 75 solid-body

Part 3: (1/ 20pts) (0.2 point for each correct answer)

Part 4: (1.5/ 20pts) (0.1 point for each correct answer)

86 experiencing 87 the 88 fuels 89 been 90 risk

91 almost 92 rising 93 homeless 94 according 95 worsen

III WRITING: (7/ 20 points)

Part 1: (0.75/20pts) (0.15 point for each correct answer)

Suggested answers

96 Clay-modelling was timetabled for/took up/ half the afternoon

97 Many‘s the time (that) I heard her use those words

98 It was not so much a discussion as argument

99 We wouldn't have been reimbursed if we hadn‘t taken legal advice

100 You drove me to distraction with your silly question

Part 2: (0.75/20pts) (0.15 point for each correct answer)

Suggested answers

101 In terms of education, his childhood years had been well spent

102 He‘s a very good footballer/ tennis player in addition to being a very good tennis player/ footballer

Or: He‘s a very good footballer/ tennis player in addition (is) a good tennis player/ footballer

103 If only everything weren‘t difficult to me!

104 Working without a break makes you more prone to error

105.They were all ears to the president‘s speech

Part 3: (2.5/20pts)

Part 4: (3/20pts)

Notes:

The mark given to parts 3 and 4 is based on the following scheme:

1 Content: (40% of total mark) a provision of all main ideas and details as appropriate

2 Organization & Presentation: (30% of total mark) ideas are organized and presented with

coherence, style, and clarity appropriate to the level of English language gifted secondary school students

upper-3 Language: (30% of total mark) a variety of vocabulary and structures appropriate to the

level of English language gifted upper-secondary school students

Markers, please, should discuss the suggested answers and the marking scale thoroughly before marking the papers

Thank you for your cooperation

PRACTICE TEST NO 4

I PRONUNCIATION

Part 1: Questions 1-10 Write the word whose stress pattern is different from the other three in each of the following questions

1 A disappearance B Sympathetic C capacity D conversation

2 A argument B achievement C Involvement D

received

5 A prohibit B co-exist C frozen D notify

1 Nathalie seems very tough at work She‘s a different person at home, _

though

2 I kept out of the conversation because it _ me

A wasn‘t concerned B wasn‘t concerning C didn‘t concern D didn‘t concern to

3 The entire city was _ electricity last night – it was chaotic

4 Henry was overweight, so he went on a strict diet and _ twenty kilos

5 He was arrested because he answered to the description of the _ man

6 Humanity has done great damage to the environment in its search for _ materials

7 _, the balcony chairs will be ruined in this weather

A Leaving uncovered B Having left uncovered

8 One way to let off _ after a stressful day is to take some vigorous exercise

9 Their research into the causes of cancer promises to break the new _ in the field and possibly lead to a cure

10 After three days in the desert, his mind began to play _ on him

A games B jokes C tricks D fun

11 The match will be screened on ITV with _ commentary by Any Gray

12 I know you didn‘t want to upset me but I‘d sooner you _ me the whole truth

yesterday

A could have told B told C have told D had told

13 As the drug took _, the patient became quieter

14 The dawn redwood appears some 100 million years ago in northern forests around the world

C to have flourished D have flourished

15 His comments _ little or no relation to the facts and the figures of the case

16 All _ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life

A what is needed B for our needs C the thing needed D that is needed

17 It is urgent that this letter _ immediately

A was posted B posted C be posted D be post

18 John: This grammar test is the hardest one we‘ve ever had this semester!

Mary: _ but I think it‘s quite easy

A I couldn‘t agree more B I understand what you‘re saying

19 It is only recently that ballets have been based on the themes _ American life

A reflecting B reflects C is reflecting D reflected

20 I wish you‘d do the accounts I don‘t have for numbers

Exercise 2 Supply the correct form of the word in capital letters Write your answers on your answer sheet

SKIING HOLIDAYS IN COLORADO

To ski or snowboard in Colorado is to experience the pinnacle of winter sports The state

of Colorado is known for its spectacular scenery and (1 BREATH) _ views, which

inspire today's travelers as much as they spurred on the (2 SETTLE) _ who first arrived

in this part of the US over a century ago And whether you're seeking the outdoor adventure of a (3 LIFE) _ exciting nightlife or a great family getaway, Colorado has everything you need

November through April, snow conditions are (4 CONSIST) _ and reliable, featuring Colorado's (5 LEGEND) _ ―champagne powder‖ snow Extensive snow making and grooming operations always keeps trails in top shape

The mountain destinations in the Colorado Rockies can turn your wildest ski dreams into thrilling (6 REAL) _ There, you'll find the best skiing and snowboarding resorts on (7 PICTURE) _ slopes, as well as the finest ski schools

in the US Together, they present an (8 PARALLEL) _ winter paradise And the best part is that you'll enjoy friendly, (9 CARE) _ service in resorts that are (10 COMMIT) _ to delivering the highest quality amenities

Exercise 3 Complete the following sentences with one appropriate preposition/ particle for each blank

1 The government‘s plans to reduce crime came for a lot of criticism from freedom groups

2 I was the impression that you like Indian food

3 This is one of the exceptions the rule

4 The factory paid nearly a million pounds to their employees who were injured in the explosion

5 Before they open the new factory, a lot of the young people round here were the dole

6 Mr Horrid was a terrible teacher and obviously not cut for teaching

7 I can‘t cancel my arrangements such short notice

8 All the police‘s efforts to find him were vain

9 The farmhouse we stayed in was completely the beaten track

10 She‘s gone and this time it‘s good

Exercise 4: There are 10 errors in the following passage Identify and correct them

Children who tell pop music does not interfere with their homework receive Line 1

support today, with the discovery that pay attention to visual stimuli and sounds Line 2 requires completely different brain pathways which can operate at the same time Line 3 with your appreciation of either being damaged Researchers have founded that Line 4

listening to car stereos does not create much interference when you are driving Line 5 Similarly, pop music should not interfere with children homework The affect of Line 6

pop music on their performance at it is far outweigh by other factors, such as Line 7

how happy they are to be doing it These findings could be applied for the Line 8

design of places which people have to take in large amounts of information very Line 9

quickly They could, for example, be relevantly to the layout of pilot cockpits Line 10

III READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 1 Read the passage then choose the best answer to each question that follows Identify your answer by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet

THE ATMOSPHERE OF VENUS

Venus, also called the Morning Star and Evening Star, is the second-closest planet to the sun and the brightest object in the night sky The planet orbits the sun every two hundred and twenty four Earth-days and is sometimes referred to as Earth‘s sister planet because the two share both a similar size and bulk What is not similar, however, is Venus‘s atmosphere in comparison to Earth‘s atmosphere

The atmosphere on Venus is much heavier and has a higher density than that of Earth

Venus‘s atmosphere also expands significantly higher than Earth‘s atmosphere although a thick cloud cover makes the surface of Venus nearly impossible to see unless observed through radar mapping

While the pressure and temperature of Venus‘s upper atmosphere are comparable to those

of Earth, the heat and pressure of the lower atmosphere are not unlike a furnace Venus‘s atmosphere is very thick due to a composition consisting mainly of carbon dioxide, and a small

amount of nitrogen If man could survive the extreme heat of Venus’s surface (400 degrees Celsius), then he would have to contend with a surface pressure that is more than 90 times that of Earth Venus‘s extremely high temperature is thanks to the greenhouse effect caused by

such a large amount of carbon dioxide The greenhouse effect is a process by which the sun‘s infrared radiation is more readily absorbed by the atmosphere Just like in a real greenhouse used

to grow plants years round, the proliferation of carbon dioxide traps radiation and warms Venus‘s atmosphere Due to this phenomenon, Venus boasts a higher atmospheric temperature than Mercury, even though Venus is twice the distance from the sun

However, scientists postulate that Venus‘s atmosphere was not always so hot [A] Studies

show that large bodies of water were once on Venus‘s surface but that eventually evaporation of

all the water caused the runaway greenhouse effect which regulates the planet today [B] Thus

Venus has become a critical study for today‘s scientists, as human beings are only beginning to

struggle with the early stages of the greenhouse effect [C] Our problems do not stem from