hoangthihang khoa học cơ bản BMNN medicalterm digest cardio hoàng thị hằng SVY1 chính quy

WORD ROOT• Fundamental unit of each medical word • Establish meaning of the word • Ex : nephr itis • Nephr/o: kidneys • -itis: inflammation • → nephritis: inflammation of the kidneys • N

Hoàng Thị Hằng

hanghoang@pnt.edu.vn

• Word parts

• Medical terms for the Digestive system

• Medical Terms for Cardiovascular system

• General Practice

A- Word parts

MEDICAL TERM

root suffix prefix

WORD ROOT

• Fundamental unit of each medical word

• Establish meaning of the word

• Ex : nephr itis

• Nephr/o: kidneys

• -itis: inflammation

• → nephritis: inflammation of the kidneys

• NOTE: The meaning of each medical term starts from the ending part of the word (the suffix,

word root) then from the beginning (prefix, word root)

PREFIX

• Short word part added before a root

• Modify root’s meaning

• Express Time, Number, Location & Condition

• Ex: Pre nat al

• Pre-: before

• Nat: birth

• -al: pertaining to

SUFFIX

• Short word part added at the end of a root

• Modify root’s meaning

• Express Condition, Surgical procedure & Noun ending

• Ex: gastr ectomy

• Gastr: stomach

• -ectomy: removal

• → surgical removal of all/part of the stomach

COMBINING COMBINING FORM

• When a suffix beginning with a consonant is

added to a root→ a vowel (usually “O”, very

rarely “I”) is inserted between Root & Suffix

• Combining Form= Root + combining vowel

• Exceptions exist.

• Observe as you work.

• EX: endoscopy, dyspnea,…

• Endo-: inside

• -scopy: visual examination

• (the root “scop: view” is embedded in the suffix

-scope, -scopic, -scopy)

→ endoscopy: visual examination of organs inside the body.

1 dyspepsia

dys-: difficulty

Peps: digestion

-ia: diseased condition

→dyspepsia: condition of difficulty with digestion

2 Dysphagia

Dys-: difficulty

Phag: eating, swallowing

-ia: diseased condiiton

→ dysphagia: condition of difficulty with swallowing

-scopy: visual examination

→ Visual examination of the bronchi

B- The digestive system

Lingu/o

Gloss/o

Or: mouth Peps: digestion Phagyng/o: pharynx

Gastr/o Cholecyst/o

Col Colon

Proct/o Rect/o An/o

Enter/o: small intestine

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

• -logy: study

o cele

Hernia of the stomach

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

• -logy: study

Enlargement of the liver

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

• -logy: study

Surgical incision into the gall bladder

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

• -logy: study

Visual examination of the colon

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

• -logy: study

al

Pertaining to the anus

DEFINE WORDS

• -cele: hernia

• -megaly: enlargement

• -tomy: incision

• -scopy: visual examination

• -pexy: surgical fixation

• -logy: study

o logy

Study of the rectum

Medical word Meaning

1 gastropathy A Excision of the gall bladder

2 proctocele B Inflammation of the liver

3 glossotomy C Surgical fixation of the stomach

4 cholecystectomy D Any disease of the stomach

5 pharyngocele E Hernia of the pharynx

6 colonostomy F Surgical suture of the colon

7 dyspepsia G Creation of artificial opening into the colon

8 proctorrhaphy H Surgical incision into the tongue

9 hepatitis I Condition of difficult digestion

10 gastropexy J Hernia of the rectum

D J H A E G I F B C

1 Pertaining to the duodenum

2 Visual examination of the colon

3 Inflammation of the small intestine

4 Surgical fixation of the rectum

5 Tumor of the liver

6 Instrument used to look into the rectum

7 Surgical suture of the rectum

8 Surgical removal of the gall bladder

9 Enlargement of the stomach

10 Under the tongue

duodenal colonoscopy enteritis Proctopexy/ rectopexy hepatoma

rectoscope proctorrhaphy

cholecystectomy gastromegaly

sublingual

Practice

Practice 1

1 Stomach : discharge from the stomach

2 Small intestine inflammation of the intestine

3 Large intestine an operation to make an opening

between the colon and the abdominal wall

4 Pharynx : hernia of the pharynx

5 Liver : tumor of the liver

6 Gall bladder _: removal of the gall bladder

7 _

Rectum Anus

_: suturing of the rectum : surgical repair on the anus

8 Tongue _: inflammation of the tongue

Practice 1

ROOT MEANING EXAMPLE

1 Stomach _: discharge from the stomach

2 Small intestine _inflammation of the intestine

3 Large intestine an operation to make an opening

between the colon and the abdominal wall

4 Pharynx : hernia of the pharynx

5 Liver _: tumor of the liver

6 Gall bladder : removal of the gall bladder

7 _

Rectum Anus

_: suturing of the rectum _: surgical repair on the anus

8 Tongue : inflammation of the tongue

C- The cardiovascular system

• Cardi/o: heart

• Vas/o: vessel

• Hemat/hem: blood

• Angi/o: vessel; hemangi/o: blood vessel

• Vas/o; vascul/o: vessels, duct

• Arter/o; arteri/o: artery

• Aort/o: aorta

• Ven/o; ven/i: vein; phleb/o: vein

• Thromb/o: clot

DEFINE WORDS

Sudden contraction of a vessel

• -rrhage: excessive flow

DEFINE WORDS

Swelling caused by changes in vessels

• -rrhage: excessive flow

Medical word Meaning

1 phleborrhagia A Tumor of the blood(mass of bl under skin)

2 arteriosclerosis B Breaking down of red blood cells

3 thrombogenic C Removal of the inner lining of an artery

4 hematoma D Excessive flow from a vein

5 angiopathy E Any disease of the blood vessels

6 angioplasty F Presence of virus in the blood

7 venous G Plastic repair of a vessel

8 viremia H Producing a clot

9 hemolysis I Pertaining to a vein

10 enarterectomy J Hardening of the artery

D J H A E G I F B C

1 Pertaining to within an artery

2 Deficiency of white bl cells in bl

3 Inflammation of a vein

4 Narrowing of a vein

5 Production of bl cells

6 Deficiency of cells

7 Hardening of the aorta

8 Decrease in No of clotting cells

9 Suturing of a blood vessel

10 Radiography of blood vessels

enarterial leukopenia phlebitis

phlebostenosis hemopoiesis

cytopenia aortosclerosis

thrombocytopenia angiorrhaphy

vasography

Practice

Practice 1

1 heart : a heart specialist

2 aorta : X-ray examination of the aorta

3 artery : disease of arteries

Blood vessel : widening of the blood vessels

_: X-ray picture of blood vessels

6 Blod clot _: inflammation of an artery caused by

blood clots

7 _ pulse _: an instrument for recording the pulse

Practice 1

1 heart : a heart specialist

2 aorta _: X-ray examination of the aorta

3 artery _: disease of arteries

4 vein : X-ray examination of a vein

_: stone in a vein

5 Blood vessel _: widening of the blood vessels

_: X-ray picture of blood vessels

6 Blod clot _: inflammation of an

artery caused by blood clots

7 _ pulse _: an instrument for

recording the pulse

angi/o

vasodilation angiogram

D- General Practice

Part 1: Matching exercise

suturing an artery E suturing of the rectum and anus F

a stone within the small intestine G cutting into the gall bladder to remove a stone H inflammation of an artery caused by blood clot I inflammation of the appendix J X-ray examination of the vein K bursting forth of blood from a vein L the study on the pulse M

X-ray examination of the gall bladder N removal of part of the liver O pain in the liver P stomach hernia Q cutting into the tongue R a graph showing the heartbeats

1 Enterolith: F a stone within the small intestine

2 Arteriorrhaphy: D suturing an artery

3 Appendicitis: I inflammation of the appendix

4 Cholecysteography: M X-ray examination of the

gall bladder

5 Gastrolith: A a stone in the stomach

6 Cardiogram: R a graph showing the heartbeats

7 Phleborrhagia: K bursting forth of blood from a

vein

8 Thromboarteritis: H inflammation of an artery

caused by blood clot

9 Sphygmology: L the study on the pulse

10 Proctotomy: B cutting into the rectum and anus

11 Hepatalgia: O pain in the liver

12 Glossopharyngeal: C relating to the tongue and the pharynx

13 gastrocele: P stomach hernia

14 glossotomy: Q cutting into the tongue

15 Proctorrhaphy: E suturing of the rectum and anus.

Part II Multiple-choice exercise

1 Cholecystectomy

A Inflammation of the colon

B Dilatation of the larynx

C Removal of the gall bladder

2 Hepatomegaly

A Enlargement of the liver

B Suruting of the liver

C Inflammation of the liver

3 Enterorrhagia

A Painful contraction of the small intestine

B Discharge of blood from the small intestine

C A surgical repair on the small intestine

4 Colonoscopy

A An instrument for visual examination of the inside of the colon

B An operation to make an opening between the colon and the

abdominal wall

C Visual examination inside the colon

5 Arteriosclerosis

A A disease of an artery

B Hardening of the walls of arteries

C Cutting into the wall of an artery

6 Cardiorrhaphy

A Suruting of the heart

B Enlargement of the heart

C A disease of the heart muscle

7 Phlebostenosis

A Narrowing of a vein

B Removal of a vein or part of a vein

C A blood clot in a deep vein

8 Angioma

A An instrument for the blood vessel operation

B Surgical repair on a blood vessel

C A tumor formed of blood vessels

9 Sphygmomanometer

A An instrument for recording heartbeats and pulse rate

B An instrument for measuring the blood pressure in the

arteries

C An instrument for recording the pulse

10 Vascoconstrictor: a chemical substance which makes blood vessels

A Become narrower

B Become wider

C Have blood clots

Contact detail

• Hoàng Thị Hằng

• Zalo 098 7778817

• hanghoang@pnt.edu.vn

• Penn, J M, Hanson, E (2006) Anatomy and

Physiology The United States: Pearson