INTRODUCTION
Vietnam, a tropical country rich in plant genetic resources, boasts over 3,948 medicinal plant species, significantly contributing to its biodiversity This biodiversity is vital for human life, as medicinal plants have been utilized for food, vegetables, and healing since ancient times Traditional healers in Vietnam, particularly among the 54 ethnic groups, including the Muong ethnic community in Hoa Binh, have relied on these plants for disease prevention and treatment The Muong people possess unique traditional medicine knowledge intertwined with local culture, attracting those interested in exploration Currently, the Muong community's income largely stems from herbal medicine, yet documentation of medicinal plants and remedies remains scarce Hoa Binh Mountain is home to over 300 species of medicinal herbs, including rare and endemic varieties, presenting opportunities for local development and tourism However, many of these species face extinction due to poverty, lack of awareness about conservation, and inadequate management practices in harvesting and production.
Dong Tau village in Hoa Son commune, Luong Son district, Hoa Binh province, offers ideal conditions for the growth and development of diverse medicinal plants Local residents extensively utilize these plants for healing purposes Conducting thorough research on these medicinal resources is essential to assess their current status and potential, which will aid in the conservation and development of these plants This research will also provide valuable data to enhance community health and preserve the traditional knowledge of indigenous medicinal practices.
So, I have implement thesis: "Species diversity and usage of medicinal plants in Dong Tau village, Hoa Binh province.”
OBJECTIVES, CONTENTS, LIMITATIONS, METHODOLOGY
Objectives and scope
- To assess the diversity of medicinal plants used by local people and experience in the use and cultivation;
- To determine the challenges of medicinal plants as the basis from which the proposed solution development resources at the local medicinal plants
- Location of study: administration Range Dong Tau village, Hoa Son commune, Luong Son district, Hoa Binh province.
Research Methodology
- The materials on natural conditions, climate, hydrology, soil, topography, natural resources
- The information and data on economic conditions, social conditions: population, labor, ethnic composition, cultivation practices
- Use the reports and documents involved
In our investigation, we utilized tools like PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) and RRA (Rapid Rural Assessment) to gather essential information and field data, which involved direct engagement in the field.
- Interviews with the management of the communes and villages;
- Interviews with families, especially those who understand medicine as his sweet mother;
2.2.2.1 Methods of sample collection and handling of specimens
After sampling the specimens in the field will be processed and made into specimens under common method currently in Vietnam Forestry University
2.2.2.2 Methods of People's interviews and group discussions
The interview survey method involves using tables to engage with local individuals knowledgeable about community drugs, focusing on statistical aspects of medicinal plants, their utility, parts used, current cultivation status, and local communities' experiences with these plants The findings from the survey are presented in a table titled "Dashboard Synthetic Composition of Species and Uses."
STATISTICAL TABLES OF THE SPECIES, THE USAGE
With the typical remedy of diseases in groups of people and how to use (component, content, cooking, abstinence ) I recorded in questionnaires
MEDICINAL PLANTS TABLE BY DISEASE
Number Disease Name Function How to use Note
Diseases of the nervous system
In addition, I took some photos of medicinal plants, stones, natural environment habitats and took some of the productive activities of local communities associated with medicinal plants
In discussions regarding local medicinal plant resources, I utilized Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools to identify key influencing factors Additionally, I employed a SWOT analysis to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges associated with the sustainable development of these medicinal plants in the area.
The study's findings, along with medical consultations, have led to proposed solutions for the sustainable development of medicinal plants These solutions align with the needs of local communities, as they are developed through group discussions and the sharing of community experiences.
Plant experts from Forestry University identified an unknown species based on collected specimens and shared photos, using a preliminary version for comparison Subsequently, we referenced descriptions in several monographs, including "Trees Vietnam" Volumes I, II, and III by Pham Hoang Ho, "Trees are Useful in Vietnam" by Tran Vo Van Chi and Co, "Dictionary of Medicinal Plants in Vietnam" by Vo Van Chi, and "Medicinal Plants and Herbs Medicine" by Lan Hoang Van to confirm the species name.
Vinh Hy highlights the significance of medicinal plants and herbs in Vietnam, emphasizing the contributions of various families such as Annonaceae, Myrsinaceae, Orchidaceae (notably Dendrobium species), Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Asteraceae, Liliales, Polygonaceae, and Apocynaceae Resources like "NTFP Vietnam" and the "Handbook for Identifying Angiosperms in Vietnam" by Nguyen Tien Ban further support the understanding and utilization of these valuable plant species.
The name of the species, according to the updated list of all plant species in Vietnam,
2.2.3.2 Method of making lists of medicinal plants
I created a medicinal list based on the effects of various plant species, which are classified by their order and family The species are organized in alphabetical order for easy reference.
THE LIST OF PLANT INVESTIGATION BY TAXON LEVEL
The analysis involves compiling a comprehensive list that quantifies the families, genera, and species across various branches This data is then used to calculate the proportional percentages of families, genera, and species within each sector relative to the entire system, providing a basis for assessing the diversity at both lower branch and branch levels.
Factors life forms, uses, parts used, the current state of cultivation, usage, endangered (species that are not in the Red Book of 2007 or in accordance with Decree 32/2006 / ND-CP
- About Management of flora and fauna endangered, rare, then leave it blank) was added based on the statistical results above
Based on the study findings and local surveys, along with insights from commune officials, experts, and residents, we recommend several measures to enhance the usability of medicinal plants and promote their effective and sustainable development.
NATURAL – SOCIAL – ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Geographical location
Dong Tau village, situated in Hoa Son commune in the northeast of Luong Son district, spans 2,387 hectares, with mountainous regions covering approximately 47% of its area The village has a population density of 239 people per square kilometer and is primarily inhabited by two ethnic groups: the Muong and Kinh.
- In the North adjacent to Phu Man, Thach Hoa, Dong Yen - Quoc Oai district (Hanoi)
- In the South adjacent to Nhuan Trach Luong Son district
- In the East adjacent to Xuan Mai town- Chuong My district (Hanoi)
- In the West adjacent to Luong Son town- Luong Son district
Figure 3.1 Location study site: (a) Viet Nam, (b) Hoa Binh province, (c) Luong Son district,
Topography
Hoa Son is a mountainous communes, average altitude is 250 km above the sea level
3.2.1 The topography of low hills
The area spans 1,120 hectares, representing 47% of the commune's natural landscape, primarily located in the northwest and northeast regions This terrain features a mix of regenerated forests and afforestation projects, contributing to ecological protection and fostering a diverse range of plant species The hilly northwest area serves as a crucial watershed, supplying the main sources of irrigation and domestic water for the commune.
The remaining area, which constitutes 53% of the natural distribution, is primarily located in the south and southeast of the commune, with elevations ranging from 30 to 35 meters This region is notable for its rice cultivation and is characterized by a diverse palette of colors that contribute to the production of high-value agricultural products.
Weather and climate
+ One year have two seasons: the hot season from April to September, the dry season from October to March next year
+ Average annual temperature of 23.40 C, the average monthly temperature is highest 28.80 C (July) and the lowest is 16,20C (January)
The average annual rainfall is 1,769 mm, with a significant concentration occurring between June and September In contrast, the months of November and December experience notably low precipitation levels.
+ Prevailing wind direction is northeast monsoon (dry season) and colors Southeast wind in the hot and humid season
Hoa Son commune experiences favorable weather conditions for agricultural production, particularly for food crops, flowers, and vegetables However, the heavy summer rains can lead to landslides, flooding in fields, and monsoon-related damage, which adversely affects agricultural output and poses risks to the health and livelihoods of local residents.
Resources
The commune has a population of 5,619 individuals, comprising 1,394 households, and is home to both Muong and Kinh ethnic groups This diverse population is distributed across 11 villages: Co Tho, Tan Son, Bui Tram, Go Bai, Dong Goi, Hanh Phuc, Suoi Nay, Dong Quyt, Tan Hoa, Dong Tau, and Suoi Vinh.
The commune has a total of 2,717 employees; some workers are classified according to the following industries:
- Agricultural labor: 1,137 employees, accounting for 41.8%
- Labor industrial, construction and other industries: 1,143 employees, accounting for 42.1%
- Labor Services, Commercial: 437 employees accounted for 16.1%
The red gold Feralit land covers 55% of the natural area and is predominantly found in mountainous regions This soil type has an average humus content ranging from 1.4% to 1.6%, while phosphorus and potassium levels are typically low, measuring between 6-8 mg per 100 g of soil Additionally, the mechanical composition of Feralit land varies from light to heavy textures.
Surface water is mainly from ponds; respond to the development of agricultural production
During the rainy season, significant water accumulation leads to increased flow and prolonged rainfall in flood-prone areas Conversely, the dry season sees reduced water flow, necessitating the construction of reservoirs and dams to store water for agricultural use.
Hoa Son commune boasts 460.9 hectares of forest land, representing 19.31% of its total area, primarily consisting of natural forest production This forest area is managed by local households and organizations, which have successfully nurtured newly planted forests that are thriving The annual increase in forest land has significantly contributed to reducing soil erosion, minimizing runoff, and enhancing the landscape and environmental sustainability within the watershed.
A recent survey reveals that Hoa Son commune is rich in granite mineral resources, particularly concentrated near Voi Mountain along the Nay River Several companies have been granted licenses to quarry construction materials in this area, highlighting the significant reserves available for exploitation.
Evaluation of local potential
Hoa Son has a favorable geographic location There are many agricultural products, have high economic value such as fresh fruit, seafood, flowers, plants, pork, and poultry
The rapid development of economic and social infrastructure, both in quantity and quality, is essential to meet the increasing demands of economic growth, making local economies more appealing to investors.
Young laborers are adept at adopting and implementing advanced manufacturing techniques In recent years, there has been a significant increase in investment from the state, businesses, and individuals in production and technical infrastructure This surge in investment is transforming rural areas and generating more job opportunities with stable incomes for workers.
Hoa Son boasts a robust political system that effectively guides economic development and ensures well-managed social affairs This strong governance is a crucial factor in facilitating and mobilizing community participation in the new rural construction initiatives.
In 2011-2015, the agricultural land will decrease rapidly due to the process of urbanization and infrastructure construction of Hoa Binh province, many households will lose land
System infrastructure, socio-economic do not respond of economic development, culture and society in the period to accelerate the process of industrialization and modernization of the economy
Numerous national and provincial infrastructure projects remain unapproved, complicating the preparation for new rural development initiatives and hindering the formulation of plans for socio-economic infrastructure development.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Assessment of the diversity of medicinal plants
Through investigation in Dong Tau village, some species are used curing people of
120 species belonging to 2 phyla: Fern (Polypodiophyta) and Magnolia Branch (Magnoliophyta) The distribution was evident through the following table:
Table 4.1 The number of families, general and species of plants are used as medicines in Dong Tau village
Number of species Rate % Number of species Rate %
Table 4.1 reveals an uneven distribution of species, predominantly featuring Magnolia (Magnoliophyta), which comprises 56 families, representing 97% of the total Additionally, 101 branches account for 97.3%, while 118 species make up 98% In contrast, Fern (Polypodiophyta) contributes only a minimal percentage to the overall distribution.
Total of 120 species of 58 plant families, there are 10 species, they have used the most; the results are shown in Table 4.2
Table 4.2 10 families was medicinal plants widely used in Dong Tau village
Statistical analysis revealed that 48 out of 58 families utilize 1-2 species, with the Euphorbiaceae family, particularly Castor, leading with 12 species, representing 9.92% of the total Following closely is the Asteraceae family, which includes 10 species, accounting for 8.26% In total, 57 species are utilized, making up 46.29% of the total species counted Notably, only 10 out of the 58 families contribute to nearly half of the utilized species, indicating their significant role in the local community's medicinal plant development.
4.1.3 Diversity of life forms of plants
Using survey data and the plant life forms scale from the document "The Trees of Vietnam" (2000), we have synthesized and classified the medicinal plants in Dong Tau village, as shown in the table below.
Table 4.3 Life-forms of medicinal plant species in the study area
10 Small trees then either dust 1 0,83
11 Woody vines or creeping dust 1 0,83
The study identified 120 plant species used for medicinal purposes, categorized into 11 distinct life forms Grasses represented the largest group, comprising 54 species or 45% of the total Shrubs accounted for 23 species, making up 19.17%, while climbers included 18 species, representing 15% Small trees contributed 10 species, equating to 8.33%, with the remaining life forms making up a negligible proportion.
Shrubs make up a significant portion (19.17%) of the local flora, primarily consisting of wild varieties and those cultivated for fencing Despite their medicinal properties, they receive little attention and interest from the community, which limits the utilization of these plants The predominant species in this region are grasses and shrubs, which have short life cycles and occupy minimal space, making them convenient for future cultivation and use by operators.
4.2 Status of medicinal plants used by people in Dong Tau village
4.2.1 Status of cultivation of medicinal plants in local communities
In order to improve the accuracy and reliability for topics we've done interviews with
Table 4.4 Situation of medicinal plants use by people in Dong Tau village
People always make up a prescription 3 8,57
People know to use drug in their family 15 43
A group of three interviewees reported that they prepare prescriptions for patients, accounting for 8.57% of respondents Additionally, 15 individuals, representing 43%, are familiar with Vietnamese traditional medicine practiced at home This knowledge highlights a significant local advantage that should be preserved and promoted.
Following our investigation and interviews with local families, we discovered that Dong Tau village is home to 120 species of medicinal plants from 58 different families Notably, over 49 species, representing 40.83%, are primarily grown in their natural habitat.
28 species of medicinal plants cultivation altogether 23.33% and 43 newly planted trees, just rising naturally accounts for nearly 35.83%
Figure 4.2 Cultivation status of medicinal plants in Dong Tau village
The data indicates that medicinal plants cultivated for medical purposes are significantly fewer than those found in the wild, with only half the species being actively grown However, the naturally thriving species show potential for efficient exploitation, warranting further consideration Among the most commonly cultivated plants by locals are two techniques that not only offer medicinal benefits but also provide substantial economic value to households.
Grow naturally Grow naturally and planting Planting
+ Planting techniques The Alpinia chinensis ( Alpinia chinensis (Retz.) Roscoe )
Alpinia chinensis exhibits remarkable tolerance to various environmental conditions, including drought and flooding, allowing it to thrive in diverse soil types While it is not particularly selective about soil quality, optimal yields of Alpinia chinensis are achieved in soils rich in humus.
When planting Alpinia chinensis, select a high ground location near a water source and dig a pit measuring 30-40 cm Use 1-2 kg of compost and manure per hole, then backfill and insert a branch rhizome before watering After 4-5 days, the plant will establish new roots and sprouts Occasional additional watering can serve as a beneficial fertilizer After 4-5 months, trim some branches and bulbs to encourage continuous year-round harvesting.
Figuge 4.3 Alpinia chinensis ( Alpinia chinensis (Retz.) Roscoe ) + Planting techniques The Citronella
Figure 4.4 The Citronella ( Cymbopogon nardus Rendl )
Tillage techniques: Citronella is very easy to grow plants, not picky land, adapt to external conditions well
To successfully plant lemongrass, start by selecting a bare ground area free of grass Dig holes measuring 20 x 20 cm and 20 cm deep, adding 0.3 to 0.5 kg of compost mixed with topsoil to each hole Prepare 1-2 branch cuttings of lemongrass by removing the dry leaf sheath and trimming any long roots Insert the cuttings 15-20 cm deep and backfill the holes, ensuring the roots are well-watered On sunny days, additional irrigation can promote faster root growth After 3-4 months, you can prune larger branches for sale or use the leaves for cooking, which is beneficial for hair health.
Many species thrive in gardens alongside other plants or are cultivated by families However, certain species, such as Jasminum subtriplinerve Blume (tea) and Smilax glabra Roxb (Thổ phục linh), are challenging to grow due to their natural habitats in hilly areas and forest edges Their long harvest periods further complicate propagation, hindering the development of their economic value.
Field surveys reveal that local communities possess a straightforward yet effective approach to the exploitation and processing of medicinal plants Their methods vary based on the specific parts of the plants used, leading to distinct remedies tailored to their needs.
+ Choose sunny days for ease of drying, and processing
+ Harvest tubers: When digging avoid drying or broken roots
+ Harvest the leaves: Cut the leaves as required (the old leaves or buds ), spread thin, stacked or not litter because the leaves will be prone
To harvest bark effectively, tie the trunk or branches of the trees with cord and use a slitting knife to create manageable pieces for easy drying and curling It's crucial to avoid arbitrary removal, as this can negatively impact plant growth and diminish the value of the herbs.
+ For root crops: Harvesting begins when the yellow tree leaves, old original, this time focusing more active in roots
+ For tree leaves: Usually harvested when plants bud
Use parts of each species are shown in Table 4.6 below
Table 4.5 Total use of medicinal plants according to parts of trees
Ordinal numbers Parts of trees Total use
Total use of medicinal plants 194 100
Statistics reveal that the leaves and trunk of plants are the most utilized parts, with usage rates of 91 and 48 times, corresponding to occupancy rates of 46.91% and 24.74%, respectively In contrast, bark is the least used, accounting for only 0.52% This indicates that the primary focus of plant collection is on leaves, fruits, and trunks, which can significantly impact tree growth and development Additionally, harvesting methods such as root digging and trunk cutting may threaten local species diversity Therefore, it is crucial to employ sustainable and appropriate techniques to ensure that therapeutic benefits are achieved without harming the trees.
To see more clearly the diversity of medicinal parts of the plant, I calculate the number of parts used in a species (H) by the formula:
H = Total use of parts of the plant /Total of trees = =1.62
Thus, almost half of the species used more than one parts According to the experts and references (“These medicinal plants and herbs Vietnam” of Medical Publishing House,
The best remedies is simple and has high applicability in local
Through interviews with local residents, particularly traditional healers in the survey area, we have compiled a variety of simple yet effective remedies This article highlights the use of medicinal plants for the prevention and treatment of common local diseases.
But the remedy remains to be gathering more information and evidence in the future to make accurate conclusions
Remedies 1: Cure Stomach Pain Ingredients:
- Black turmeric (Curcuma aromatica Salisb)
- Honey Usage: Black turmeric sliced, dried, ground into powder Morning use 3 teaspoons of honey mixed black turmeric In the evening, drink only 2 teaspoons of honey
Note: Drink honey mixed black turmeric before eating
To prepare a guava leaf tea, use 7 leaf buds for men and 9 leaf buds for women, boiling them in water Consume one cup, approximately 100ml, three times a day until you achieve the desired results.
- Paederia lanuginosa Wall (Mơ tam thể)
To use Eclipta prostrata L (30 g) and Paederia lanuginosa Wall (10 g), first clean and crush the herbs, then extract them with 200 ml of water Consume the mixture three times daily when feeling hungry for a duration of three days.
Besides, there are many other useful remedies, such as:
4.3.2 Group of bone and joint disease
Remedies 2: Relieve arthritis, limb and joint aches
Remedies 3: Relieve back pain, arthritis, bone pain
- Ba chạc (Euodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr.)
- Vối (Cleistocalyx operculatus ( Roxb.) Merr et Perry)
- Bụp trắng (Mallotus aplla (Luor.) Muell.- Arg)
Remedies 1: Sick of sweating (Salt and Pier lolot C DC.)
Remedies 1: Sore eyes (Betel - Piper betle L.)
Analysis of the development of medicinal plants in local communities
4.4.1 The favorable factors for the development of natural resources of medicinal plants in local
Dong Tau village boasts soil and climate conditions that are exceptionally suited for cultivating medicinal plants This unique advantage allows us to implement effective cultivation methods and guide local farmers in maximizing the potential of these valuable resources.
The Muong people, who predominantly inhabit the local area, possess extensive knowledge of utilizing medicinal plants for treating various ailments Many households incorporate several plant species, including “Xạ đen” (Ehretia asperula), into their daily routines for health benefits.
Zoll Et Mor.), Green Tea (Camellia sinensis LOKtze), Eugenia (Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr Et Perry)
Local medicinal plants offer a diverse range of species that can thrive in home gardens, such as Betel (Piper betle L.) and Tree Dinh Tomb (Tieghemopanax fruticosus Vig.) In addition, barren hills in districts support various plants like “Hà thủ ô trắng” (Streptocaulon juventas), “Sa nhân tím” (Amomum longiligulare), “Đỏ ngọn” (Cratoxylum prunifolium), Citronella (Cymbopogon Nardus), and “Xạ đen” (Ehretia asperulaa) These plants not only enhance the soil quality of barren hills but also provide significant economic benefits in certain regions.
In the village, while only a few families enjoy a decent standard of living, many households face lower living standards and prefer botanical medicine over Western medicine This preference is largely due to the lower costs associated with herbal remedies, which align better with their income levels.
Fifthly, the system is highly developed transportation development and creates conditions promoting the exchange of medicinal products from plants
Finally, the role of medicinal plants in the community is increasingly valued by the effective use of medications, their effect are longer than other types of pharmacy
4.4.2 Difficult in the development of medicinal plants
Many individuals overlook the significance of herbs in their daily lives, particularly regarding their potential benefits There is a lack of proposals directed at funding organizations aimed at promoting initiatives that encourage the cultivation of medicinal plants, which could contribute to economic growth.
The awareness among doctors regarding herbal gardens is low, leading to inadequate care for the plants Although a model herbal garden has been established at the medical station, the lack of qualified maintenance and natural growth conditions has resulted in poor plant development, with some trees even dying.
Recent rural development and extensive grazing of large herds in alpine regions have led to the decline of several medicinal plant species, particularly those found in forest areas This environmental impact has made it increasingly challenging for these valuable medicinal plants to thrive.
The younger generation is less interested in the male smoker that is often used by pharmaceutical drugs pharmacy more convenient to use, works fast
4.4.3 Opportunities for development of medicinal plants
The Red River Delta's geographical features, favorable natural conditions, and rich land and mineral resources create an ideal environment for the trafficking, formation, and development of local medicinal plants.
Hoa Binh Province is implementing various projects and plans to attract business investment, aiming to reduce poverty and enhance the local economy Notably, the Mac-ca tree planting project for the 2011-2015 period presents an opportunity for households engaged in drug crop cultivation to explore new market avenues for their products.
Awareness of community: people living in the area had improved, changed Many households have boldly plant Alpinia chinensis, Citronella plants on a large scale
On the other hand, herbal healing is cheaper but similar effective pharmacy
Individuals who utilize medicinal plants play a crucial role in their conservation by consciously harvesting only buds or root parts, allowing the trees to regenerate By bringing these species from the hills into their homes, they not only ensure a steady supply of medicinal plants but also contribute to the preservation of rare genetic varieties This practice is vital for protecting valuable medicinal plants from the risk of extinction.
4.4.4 Challenges in sustainable development of medicinal plants
- Policy: People who do not have formal output for household planting medicinal plants on a large area
Human resources in herbal medicine often rely on experienced herbalists, typically from older generations Traditionally, this knowledge is passed down through families, but many descendants do not pursue this path It is crucial to implement strategies that support and motivate those capable of sharing their valuable healing experiences, ensuring that essential herbal remedies are preserved and made accessible to rural communities.
The local market faces significant challenges due to the absence of identifiable branded drugs, which allows external medicinal sources with superior quality to dominate To enhance market competitiveness, it is crucial for local producers to adopt improved harvesting techniques By prioritizing quality over immediate gains, they can avoid producing "dirty" products, ultimately attracting a larger output market.
Proposed solutions for sustainable development of medicinal plants locally
Effective land use planning is essential for the sustainable cultivation of medicinal plants, particularly for enhancing the intensive farming of economically valuable tree species This approach not only helps preserve rare medicinal plants but also promotes their value, countering the loss caused by environmental degradation.
To enhance household economies and improve soil quality in hilly areas, it is essential to create favorable conditions for planting new species such as green tea (Camellia sinensis), Pueraria labata, Streptocaulon juventas, and Ehretia asperula, all of which thrive in strong light Additionally, integrating commonly used medicinal plants like Plantago major, Artemisia vulgaris, and Passiflora foetida in backyard gardens can further contribute to greening barren hills and promoting sustainable land use.
“Sâm nam” (Millettia speciosa Champ) These plants are easy to grow, the ability to regenerate better, but still bring economic efficiency
To effectively support farmers, it is essential to secure backing from authorities, which includes providing capital, technical expertise, and market information through agricultural extension systems and various associations such as the Youth Union, Women's Union, and farmers' associations This collaboration creates opportunities in the market to establish connections for product distribution and promote local medicinal plant brands.
Secondly, the government should encourage households’ profession loading imparted home remedies for descendants of long experience
To enhance fishing techniques and improve overall efficiency, it is essential to focus on technical seed selection, effective care techniques, and proper harvesting methods Additionally, implementing primary processing and preservation strategies will ensure the quality of local products Emphasizing the use of local resources can lead to better drug quality and efficacy, ultimately benefiting the fishing industry.
CONCLUSION, LIMITATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS 29 REFERENCE
The survey have 120 plants which are used as medicines in the locality belong to 103 genera, 58 families of two main phyla Fern and Magnolia industry
Recognize 11 living types of medicinal plants in the locality, in which herb, dust are 2 groups with the largest number of species
Investigated, interviewed 35 people, including three people are herbalist, 15 people know to use medicines in the family
The article highlights that among 120 medicinal plant species, there are 49 native species, with 28 fully cultivated and 43 that grow both naturally and are also planted Notably, two primary tree species, "Rieng Tau" (Alpinia chinensis) and Citronella, have been extensively planted, covering a significant area.
Evaluation forms were 10 collected, 10 forms used the method of preservation
There are 13 simple remedies; typical and commonly used is recorded
Analyzed evaluate the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges in the development of medicinal plants locally
Launched three solutions for the development of medicinal plants locally
Besides the results achieved are still some exists:
- No statistics are all in species composition, mass consumption, prices of many species in the commune
- The drug you're looking for and harvesting is extremely difficult
- Has not been fully exploited cure all diseases are difficult to treat because people are still afraid of contact and therefore esoteric problems herbalist when we carry out interviews
- The solution, development plans are oriented, not have time to verify
- Because of time limits, so I do not interview all households in the village, so the results are lacking
Effective management of natural resources at the local level requires time to explore a variety of remedies, utilize medicines, and draw on the expertise of herbalists.
Promoting the use of diverse plant species for medicinal purposes can significantly contribute to the economic development of local communities By integrating additional technical support and innovative technologies, we can provide essential information that meets the increasing demand for these resources.
- The subject is just beginning research on indigenous knowledge of resource use drugs should have the next topic for further research and more detail
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5 Pham Hoang Ho (1999), Vietnam Plants (volumes I, II, III), Youth Publishing House, Ho Chi Minh City
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7 Tran Dinh Ly et al (1993), 1900 useful plants in Vietnam, Science and Technology
8 Nguyen Nghia Thin (2007), Methods for Plant Research, Vietnam National University,
Le Thi Ha Thu's 2012 Master's thesis explores the critical role of community involvement in the conservation of genetic resources of medicinal plants within Ba Vi National Park, located in the Ba Vi district of Hanoi.
10 Do Thi Xuyen and Trinh Xuan Huy (2012), Actual state of medicinal plants in the natural reserve Kia- Ba Co cave, Hoa Binh province
APPENDIX List of people are interviewed in Dong Tau village Ordinal number
Name Sex Age Nation Job
1 Bui Van An Male 38 Muong Famer
2 Nguyen Van Bao Male 60 Muong Retire
3 Bui Van Đac Male 82 Muong Famer
4 Hoang Cong Đam Male 54 Muong Famer
5 Hoang Cong Điem Male 52 Muong Famer
6 Bui Thi Đinh Female 28 Muong Famer
7 La Thi Duyen Female 73 Kinh Famer
8 Bui Van Duyen Male 40 Muong Famer
9 Phi Thi Hang Female 63 Kinh Famer
10 Nguyen Thi Hang Female 78 Muong Famer
11 Nguyen Trong Hoa Male 60 Kinh Retire
12 Bui Van Hop Male 53 Muong Famer
13 Nguyen Van Khac Male 73 Kinh Famer
14 Hoang Thi Mai Female 53 Muong Famer
15 Duong Van Minh Male 43 Kinh Famer
16 Bui Van Nhat Male 40 Muong Famer
17 Hoang Thi Phang Female 78 Muong Herbalist
18 Hoang Cong Phu Male 45 Muong Cadre
19 Bui Van Quan Male 35 Muong Sodier
20 Bui Thi Quyen Female 35 Muong Famer
21 Vu Thi Quyet Female 48 Muong Famer