Conditional sentences wishes unreal past

Type 1: Real situations in the present or future * DiÔn t¶ nh÷ng t×nh huèng cã thËt hoÆc cã thÓ x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t¬ng lai.. IF Clause Present simple.[r]

Conditional sentences/ wishes/ unreal past

A Conditional sentences

I Type 1: (Real situations in the present or future)

* Diễn tả những tình huống có thật hoặc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tơng lai.

IF Clause Main clause

Present simple Future simple

( Will + V )

* Ta có thể dùng với động từ khiếm khuyết :

can ; may ; might ; must ; should

Eg: If you call him, he will come.

You can cook if you like

*Dùng để diến tả quy luật hoặc sự thật hiển nhiên.

IF Clause Main clause

Present simple Present simple

 Trong trờng hợp này ta có thể thay IF bằng WHEN hoặc Wherever

Eg: If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

* Dùng để diễn tả sự chỉ dẫn, lời đề nghị, lời yêu cầu.

IF Clause Main clause

Present simple imperative

(Câu mệnh lệnh)

Eg: If you miss the train, take the bus!

II Type 2: (Unreal situations in the present or future)

* Diễn tả những tình huống không có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tơng lai.

IF Clause Main clause

past simple could

would + Vbare

might

Eg: If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.

What would you do if you saw a UFO ?

III Type 3 : (Unreal situations in the past)

* Diễn tả những tình huống không có thật ở quá khứ.

IF Clause Main clause

past perfect could

would + have + V(past participle ) might

Eg : If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have been in such trouble.

IV Mixed conditionals :

All types of conditionals can be mixed Any tense combination is possible if the context permits it

IF Clause Main clause

Type 2: If they were working all day, they will be tires now Type 1

(They were working all day so they are tired now)

If I were you, I would have accepted the job

(You are not me so you didn,t accept the job)

Type 2: If he were a better driver, he wouldn’t have crashed the car Type 3

(He is not a good driver so he crashed the car)

Type 3: If she had finished earlier, she would be going to the party tonight Type 2

(She didn t finish earlier so she isn t going to the party.)’ ’

* IF Unless, providing, provided, as long as, in case

On condition (that + clause)

But for (nếu không) + V _ ing

= Without (Thờng dùng trong N Except for

câu điều kiện loại 3)

Otherwise = or else (nếu không… …thì )

What if

Supposing (giả sử là)

Even if (thậm chí là)

Only if (nếu chỉ)

If only (= wish)

B Wishes

1. I wish ( if only) + V (past simple)

(wish/regret in the present)

2. Wish (if only) + V (past perfect)

(wish/regret in the past)

3. Wish + could + V (bare)

(wish/regret in the present ability)

4. I wish (if only) + S + would + V (bare)

( I  S)

(impossible wish for a future change bad habit, complaint)

Eg: I wish he would stop smoking.

* I wish : “tobe” luôn ở dạng “were”

C Unreal past:

- Thì quá khứ đơn đợc sử dụng để nói về những tình huống giả định ở hiện tại

- Thì quá khứ hoàn thành sử dụng để nói về những tình huống giả định ở quá khứ

+ Conditionals (type 3)

1. Conditionals (type 2)

2. Wish (present)

3. I d rather/sooner’ + S + V(past simple)

Present

4. Suppose/ supposing (giả định)

+ S + V(past simple)

Present

Eg: Suppose your father caught you

playing games What would you do ?

5. As if/ as though (nh thể là)

+ S + V(past simple)

(untrue situations in the present)

Eg: She bahaves as if she were a queen

6. It s (about time’ + S + V (past simple)

high) for sb to do sthings

+ Wish (present) + I’d rather/sooner + S + V(past perfect) Past

+ Suppose/ supposing (giả định) + S + V(past perfect) Past

+ As if/ as though (nh thể là) + S + V(past perfect)

(untrue situations in the past)