Sách hướng dẫn ôn thi môn tiếng anh (trình độ b & c)

Tài Liệu Hướng Dẫn Ôn Thi Môn Tiếng Anh (Trình độ B & C) có nội dung gồm 4 phần: Ngữ pháp: Giới thiệu các điểm ngữ pháp cần nắm vững, kèm theo đó là một bài trắc nghiệm (100 câu) cho mỗi cấp độ. Đọc hiểu: Hướng dẫn cách thức rèn luyện kỹ năng đọc hiểu (chung cho cả hai trình độ B & C). Luyện viết câu: Phần này giới thiệu một số mẫu câu cơ bản nhằm giúp các bạn rèn luyện kỹ năng viết câu (Sentence Building), hay chuyển đổi câu (Sentence Transformation). Từ vựng: Dành cho trình độ B bao gồm những từ cơ bản liên quan đến các nhu cầu thiết yếu trong giao tiếp hàng ngày như Ăn uống, Nhà ở, Quần áo, Mua sắm, Di chuyển, Các phương tiện truyền thông, Sức khỏe, Tiền bạc,... Xin trân trọng giới thiệu.

DA OO QUO OLA TR 6Ó Coll MIN

HT

LỜI NÓI ĐẦU

Các bạn học viên thân mẻn,

Đại học Quốc gia TP.HCM (ĐHQG-HCM) đã và đang nỗ lực không

ngừng nhằm nâng cao chất lượng dao tao sau dại học Một trong những biện

pháp dẻ thực hiện mục tiêu đó là nâng cao và chuân hóa chất lượng "dâu

vào” của học viên Học viên sau đại học

u) DHQG-HCM cân có trình dộ

ngoại ngữ nhất định được thê hiện qua kết qua các kỳ thí tuyên sinh hãng

năm Tải liệu này ra đời từ những ý tưởng Ấy

Nhăm giúp các bạn củng cô kiên thức và kỹ năng sử dụng tiêng Anh đề

chuan bi tot cho ky thi tuyén sinh sau đại học sấp tới, tập tài liệu này bao

gồm các nội dụng sau:

l)_ Agữ pháp: Phần này giới thiệu các điểm ngữ pháp cần năm vững,

kèm theo đó là một bài trac nghiệm (100 câu) cho môi cấp độ Dây

chi là một số câu hỏi mang tính tham khảo giúp các bạn làm quen va nhận ra những vấn đẻ có thẻ gặp phải khi làm bài kiểm tra trắc

nghiệm Đề ôn tập đầy đủ hơn các bạn có thê xem thêm các tải liêu

ngữ pháp dưới đây: — muesmsanamuusam

Murphy, R English Grammar in Use Cambridge University Press,

1985

Azar, B.S Understanding and Using English Grammar Prentice Hall Regents, 1989,

2) Đọc hiểu: Hướng dẫn cách thức rèn luyện kỹ năng dọc hiểu (chung

cho ca hai trình độ B & C) Có một vốn từ phong phú chưa đủ bạn

cần học cách đọc một văn bản như thế nào cho hiệu quả Khi làm bài

thi rất có thé bạn không biết hết các từ trong bài khóa nhưng bạn có the van dung ky nang doc hiểu để giải dap Day chinh la diéu ma

người ra để muốn kiêm tra đánh giá Tài liệu tham khảo:

Phillips, Deborah Longman Introductory Course for the TOEFL Test, 1996

3) Luyén viết câu: Phần này giới thiệu một số mẫu câu cơ bản nhằm

giúp các bạn rèn luyện kỹ năng viết câu (Sentence Building) hay chuyên đôi câu (Sentence Transformation) Nguyên tắc cơ bản là

việt làm sao cho đúng ngữ pháp dựa vào một số từ cho sẵn

4) Từ vựng: Phần từ vựng dành cho trình độ B bao g gồm những từ cơ

bản liên quan đến các nhu cầu thiết yếu trong giao tiép hang ngay

nhu An udng, Nha o, Quan do, Mua sam, Di chuyên, Các phương

tiện truyền thông, Sức khỏe, Tiên bạc v.v Phần từ vựng dành cho

trình độ C đi sâu vào các chủ đề mang tính học thuật như: Khoa học

Kỹ thuật, Giáo dục, Môi trường Kinh tế, Chính trị, Xã hội, Tôn

giáo, Văn hóa Các nhóm từ vựng được giới thiệu thông qua nhiều

dạng bài tập khác nhau nhằm giúp các bạn học từ gắn liền với ngữ

cảnh cụ thé

Chúc các bạn thành công

Nhóm biên soạn

tipBftrrzmmiafiterefiermm

GRAMMAR

GRAMMAR (Level B)

1 The present continuous (/ am doing)

For actions not necessarily happening at the time of speaking (She wants

to work in Italy So she’s learning Italian now)

For temporary plans (/s Susan working this week?)

2 The present simple (/ do)

For general statements, repeated actions;

The present simple Vs The present continuous;

Verbs often used in the simple present /present continuous

3 The past simple Vs past continuous (sequence of tenses)

4 The present perfect (/ have done)

A period that is not finished (his morning); for a period of time

continuing from past till now (/'ve never had a car)

The present perfect Vs past simple

an The present perfect continuous

(actions that has recently st6ppedwittta connection of now)

The present perfect continuous Vs The present continuous

6 The past perfect (/ had done)

The past perfect Vs the simple past

7 The past perfect continuous

The past perfect continuous Vs The present perfect continuous

8 The passive voice

With gerund (I don't like being told what to do)

Transferred passive: (He is said to be 108 years old)

Causative (I'm going to have my car repaired)

9 The future

Future plans with the present simple & continuous

Will /shall Vs be going to

10 The future continuous

11 The future perfect

12 Modals

Distinction beween can /could' & is / was able to

Could do & could have done

Must & Can’t

May Vs Might (may/ might go /be going)

Must Vs Have to

Must / mustn't /needn't must Vs have got to

Should (= use of subjunctive) if should

Had better / It's time

13 There Vs It

There was a lot of traffic

It’s dangerous to walk in the road

There used to be / there is sure to be

14 Infinitive and Gerund

V+ to inf (decided not to go / where to go / whether to apply / what to do ) Perfect infinitive (seem to have lost weight)

Verb+ object inf (teach you to drive / make you do / let you do)

Verb+ object+ gerund / inf (see someone do /doing something)

Verbs followed by either inf or gerund

Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in doing)

Expressions + -ing (worth reading / go swimming)

To infinitive for purpose (= for; so that)

Adjective + inf (difficult to understand)

Adjectives + preposition + -ing (interested in)

Non-finite clauses (Feeling tired I went to bed early)

Indirect questions: Do you know where ?

15 Reported speech He said that she told me that / she asked me not to

16 Uncountable Vs countable nouns

Countable nouns with a / an / some

Use of the (the sky / the telephone / the elephant / the English, the

unemployed, the poor, the Taylors)

Omission of the (breakfast / lunch, Africa, school, bed, home )

17 Possessive case:

My mother’s hat Vs the name of the book

A friend of mine / My own house

10

Much /many / little / few / a lot / plenty

All /all of ; Most / most of ; no /none of

Both / both of; either / either of; neither / neither of

Every / all / whole

Each / every

Double comparison: the more the more

Adverbs before Comparatives: much /a lot /far/a bit /a little / slightly Prepositions

Other uses

Distinction: for / during / in

By / until

Word-order

Adjectives before nouns (a nice new house)

Adjectives after verbs (/ooked tired)

So + adjective (that) (the book was so good that I couldn't put it down)

Such + a/an+N (such a bewngetgosreepsom

Too + adjective + for (Too heavy for me to lift)

adj + enough (not old enough to get married)

Positions of adverbs

Relative clauses (who / that / which / whose / whom / where)

Contact clauses (the man I met)

Non-defining relative clauses

-ing /-ed clauses (The woman talking to John / the boy injured in the

Although / even though / in spite of / despite

In case / unless / as long as / as (reason) / as if

Compound - nouns (N+N) (project manager)

II

GRAMMAR PRACTICE (Level B)

4 Choose the word or phrase that best completes the blank in each

sentence

A when/ which B which / when

C when / when D which/which

2 “Is there any news about my promotion?”

A to tell B to have told

C One D

4 Flight forty-two from Danang is now arriving at 3

§ Hesaidhe but he wasn't sure

12 Residents in Ho Chi Minh city an electricity shortage

because of prolonged hot spells and low rainfall

C are faced

13 We had a hard time a taxi in the night

C to be finding D for finding

15

16

C used to be transported D was used to being transported

Is Albert Schweitzer, works I respect highly, still a

“Can you steady this ladder for me?”

A will collapse B will be collapsed

who were invited turned up

“Why is Katie selling all her belongings?”

C What D.tfgbimaatdrrnitenn

“What made you suspicious?”

“When we arrived at the cabin, we saw signs that someone

there before us.”

C had been D would be

they are fine

Kim searched all over the house could not find her

ring

A however B nevertheless

C that questioned D who questioned

Judith won’t leave until she a definite answer

C will have D will have had

“Where is the marketing report?”

kết on it for days, but it’s not finished yet.”

“Is Tom a good worker?” what he starts.”

A never almost finishes B almost never finishes

C finishes almost never D never finishes almost

C are getting D will be getting

This cake is too stale to guests

A to serve B for serving

C to serve it D for serving it

Without all this unnecessary packaging, food cheaper

A is B were

15

but I can read it as well

A I can not only speak Chinese B I not only can speak Chinese

C Not only I can speak Chinese D Not only can I speak Chinese

is the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear

wallet to find the receipt for my case TNS Sim

The woman Pete’s in love with doesn’t know he’s a

C such a high poll D a such high poll

- Human beings of various races are as likely to reproduce in one

environment as in

A, another B other

C the other D the others

40 Marianne Moore lived quietly all her life, in Brooklyn

41 People who travel frequently on business often suffer some form of

health problem, yet over half of these problems can easily be

A preventive B prevention

A cheap white Taiwanese clock radio

B white cheap Taiwanese clock radio

C Taiwanese cheap white clock radio

D Taiwanese white cheap clock radio

43 Sometimes our teacher does not-allow us a

A Late an evening B Late one evening

near at such times

A how valuable it is B how it is valuable

C it is how valuable D how valuable is it

47 Maggie’s little boy is just learning to get dressed by

B Choose the lettered part that contains a mistake

51 Even though you were the only girl in the world, I still wouldn’t marry

If you have labeled your note cards correctly, you will find it easily to

himself, saying that the lighter was broken

80 One of strangest things that occurred during the power — cut was that

large proportion of the group in the rhythm section

I want to know that he owes us any money and if so, when he’s going to

GRAMMAR (Level C)

1 The present continuous (/ am doing)

For repeated actions happening around the time of speaking;

things regularly done at a particular time

2 The present simple (/ do)

Performative verbs (admit; refuse; assume, deny )

3 The past simple Vs past continuous

The past simple for a permanent long-term situation

The past continuous for two past actions going on over the same period

of time

4 Adverbs used with these tenses

5 The present perfect continuous

For actions repeated again and again until now

Emphasis on the whole period of time until the present

Emphasis on a situation that has changed over a period of time and may

continue to change

6 The past perfect (/ had done)

Events out of order (happening before the last event we've talked about) What we hoped to do but didn’t

7 The past perfect continuous:

Emphasis on the continuity or duration of a situation or activity

8 The passive voice

Forming passive sentences

Using passives

Passive forms : verb +-ing or to-inf

Reporting with passive verbs

9 The future

Distinction: will/ be going to / shall

Present continuous for the future

Present simple for the future

24

10 The future continuous Vs the present continuous for the future

11 The future perfect/ the future perfect continuous

12 The future seen from the past (was secing / was going to / would Avas

/vere to + have + past participle)

13 Distinction: should / ought to

Should/ ought to +have + past participle (an obligation in the past)

Distinction will / would / used to for habits

May / might / can / could + past participle

Need(n’t) / don’t have to / mustn’t

Permission & offer: can / could; was allowed to; shall / should; would

14 Preparatory there & it

15 Omission of to-infinitive (/ can't lend you any more money"’ “I'm not

asking you to”)

16 Adjectives + that - clause or to infinitive

17 Forming questions; reporting questions

Asking and answering negatiye.questions

Wh-questions with how, what, which and who

18 Reporting people’s words and thoughts (replied / exclaimed /

complained)

Negative in reporting:

Reporting using nouns (The claim is often made that )

Reporting statements (that-clause)

Verb tense in that - clauses / reporting clauses

Reporting offers / suggestions / orders / intentions

Should in that-clause

Modals verbs in reporting

19 Uncountable Vs countable nouns

Different meanings of nouns when they are used countably and

uncountably

Great details in the use of a /an / the / zero

nm th

20 Positions of adjectives

Positions of gradable / ungradable adjectives

Participle adjectives (the losing ticket / the selected winners)

Position of adverbs

Degree adverbs (extremely / quite)

Comment adverbs (clearly )

Viewpoint adverbs (to be frank)

Focus adverbs (even, only, alone)

21 Word - order

Verbs without objects (intransitive)

Verb + to inf / bare inf

Verbs to-inf or — ing

Verb + ing

Verb + Wh-clauses

Verb + object + past participle (have something done)

Verbs with two objects

Agreement between Subject - Verb

Word order in two- and three - word verbs

22 Conditional sentences (real conditionals Vs unreal conditionals)

Conditionals with should / If it were not for / were it not for / but for / if you will / would )

If not / unless / if Vs whether

23 Defining / non-defining relative clauses

Other relative pronouns (where / when / whereby / whatever / whoever / whichever)

Preposition in relative clauses

24, Participle clauses with adverbial meaning

25 Adverbial clauses of time (verb tense)

26 Adverbial clauses of reasons (as, because / because of / for; with)

27 Adyerbial clauses of purposes and results (in order to /so as to)

26

28 Adverbial clauses of contrast (although / (even) though, even if/in

spite of / despite)

29 Connecting ideas between and within sentences

30 Cleft sentences (What I noticed when I first met him was his eyes)

31 Noun + ’s + N (cow’s milk)

32 Noun + Preposition / Adverb (break-in; liedown; outcome )

33 Adjectives Vs adverbs (fast, hard, .)

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GRAMMAR PRACTICE (Level C)

Choose the word or phrase that best completes the blank in each

sentence

that something was wrong, they decided to investigate the matter further

A Convinced B Having convinced

China’s victory in the final was

Hanbo is South Korea’s - steel maker

A second large B large second

C second largest D largest second

nineteenth century

C have lived D had lived

Susan has moved her account to another bank I’d rather she

A doesn’t B wouldn't

Hardly without some advance in technology that

would have seemed incredible 50 years ago

committee will support it

his advice, | would never have got the job

A But B But for

C Except D Except for

Princess Diana's parents were divorced she was a child

A as B while

C when D since

the cost involved, new trees must be planted

reason He was quite stubborn

16 The thieves apparently used gunpowder or dynamite, or something of

the sort to blow the safe

17 Many people are shy of going into shops, in case they

their ignorance, or for fear that shopkeepers might look down on them

C will be showing D would show

possible in the time available

A drinking B to be drinking

19 Having no literature of its own, can offer is a

limited number of translations which are valueless in themselves

A all it B it all

community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together

21 He reproached himself with her

A not to talk B not to have talked

C not having talked D for not having talked

23 I hear old Henry is thinking himself a new car

A of buying B of buying for

C to buy D to buy for

30

There will be holes in space through which will be possible

to travel from the Earth to Mars in no more than four or five hours

A we B you

C one D it

[had been admiring the fine lighter which he had on the folding table

“I’m surprised Carrie didn’t take part in the charity drive”

”

“She was terribly busy or she

C would participate D would have participated

“Was Meryl Streep famous in the 70s?”

actors of the 80s.”

A will B will have

“Can I give you a call on Sunday morning?”

phone.”

C will have driven D will have been driving

“I’m surprised no one tried to help Mary.”

us sooner, we might have been able to do something.”

A Would she ask B Has she asked

“What was your reaction to the announcement?”

A to be involved B having involved

31

“Is Pam strict with her kids?”

2 have not been proved

C what D through which

The house next door had been empty for so long that we had quite

who were nidt troubled by the darkness were the blind

“Would you like to go to the movies tonight?”

The female cats covered a territory limited to house and garden, while

Vocational aptitude tests can help you decide whether you would do

better a mechanic or musician

A like B than

freedom or seriously enhance the opportunities of black mailers

C.a high price, too D too high a price

David Kennedy, who had a long history of drug problems, was

assassinated Kennedy brothers

A more B most

A involving B involves

SAE disappointed that no one has asked my opinion,”

said Richard

A so B very

C much D too

Our parents were so poor thatthey"Used to tie brown paper bags on the

C ours D we

If you my advice, you wouldn’t be in this mess now

the same mistake again

A not try to B to try not

C try not to D not to try

any man claims the attention of another he is engaging in persuasion

A A moment B The moment

C In a moment D At the moment

- The newly married couple

It snowed a lot at weekend, caused complete

disorganization on the railway

Achievement tests are designed to measure acquired skills and

knowledge, particularly those have been explicitly

taught

A who B what

C whom D that

Although computers save a lot of time, learning to use

can be very time-consuming

C that

Choose the lettered part that contains a mistake

- The site is very unique in the club in that there is little or no grass, and

got anything to do

I had hoped to learn French language before my trip to Paris but |

Nethercroft area of Bonhafffäfffdifi

She had been failing the exam four times, _yet_ she never gave up hope

We become part of a large crowd which move from speaker to speaker

to hear what each one has to say

D _ | got out to lighten the load but the more Henry accelerated, the deeper

SY This spider, sometimes called the violin spider because of a violin = like

hold from 50 to 250 eggs

91 The stunning 4 — 0 defeat of Lazio made the rest of Europe sit up and

99 They seized as many of their belongings as they could, and cars piled

READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS

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READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS

Skill 1: MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS

Almost every reading passage will have a multiple-choice question about the main idea of a passage Such a question may be worded in a variety of ways; you may, for example, be asked to identify the topic, subject, title, primary idea, or main idea It is relatively easy to find the main ideas by studying the topic sentences, which are most probably found

at the beginning of each paragraph

If a passage consists of only one paragraph, you should study the

beginning of that paragraph to determine the main idea

Example

The passage:

Basketball was invented in 1891 by a physical education instructor in Springfield, Massachusetts, by the name of James Naismith, Because of terrible weather in winter, his physical education students were indoors

rather than outdoors They realfy"did not like the idea of boring, repetitive

exercises and preferred the excitement and challenge of a game Naismith figured out a team sport that could be played indoors on a gymnasium floor, that involved a lot of running, that kept all team members involved, and that did not allow the tackling and physical contact of American style football

The question:

What is the topic of this passage?

A The life of James Naismith

B The history of sports

C Physical education and exercise

D The origin of basketball

The first sentence of this passage states that basketball was invented, so the invention of basketball is probably the topic A quick check of the rest of

the sentences in the passage confirms that the topic is, in fact, the

beginnings of the sport of basketball Now you should check each of the answers to determine which one comes closest to the topic that you have

43