Tài liệu Preparation course for the toefl ibt writing part 5 pdf

On a piece of paper, take notes on the main points of a response.. For the first writing task, you will read a passage and listen to a lecture and then answer a question based on what yo

Writing Skill 144: REVIEW GRAMMAR

After you have written your essay, it is important for you to review the grammar in your

response

NOTE: For a review of grammar, see APPENDIX C

Look at the following sentence from an essay on the effects of television

Television certainly has changing society in very big way

In this sentence, the past participle rather than the present participle changing should be used

after the helping verb has; to correct this error, you can change changing to changed The

article a also needs to be added because the countable singular noun way requires an article;

to correct this error, you can change very to a very

The following chart outlines the key information you should remember about reviewing

grammar

REVIEWING GRAMMAR

GRAMMAR Check for errors in grammar in your response Be sure to check for errors with

nouns and pronouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, articles, and agreement

WRITING EXERCISE 14: Correct the errors in grammar in the following passages (The

number in parentheses at the end of each paragraph indicates the number of errors in the

paragraph.)

Paragraph

1 In my firet semester at the university, | was overwhelm by the differences between university studies and high school studies In high school, | had easily

be able to finish the number of work that was assigned, and if on certain

occasion | did not complete an assignment, the teacher quickly tells me to

make up the work The situation in my university classes were not at all like the situation in high school (6)

2 | was tremendously surprising at the volume of work assigned in the university Unlike high school courses, which perhaps covered a chapter in two

week, university courses regular covered two or three chapters in one week

and two or three other chapters in the next week | have been able to keep up

with the workload in high school, but it was difficult for me to finish all the

reading in mine university classes even though | tried real hard to finish all of them (7)

3 The role that the teacher took in motivating students to get work done were also very different in my university In high school, if an assignment was unfinishing on a date that it was due, my teacher would immediate let me know that | had made really a mistake and needed to finish an assignment

right away In my university classes, however, protessors did not inform regularly students to make sure that we were get work done ori schedule

lt was really easy to put off studying in the beginning of each semesters and really have to work hard later in the semester to catch up on my assignments (9)

4 During my first year in the university, | had to set firm goal to get things done by myself instead of relying on others to watch over me and make sure that | have done what | was supposed to do With so much assignments, this was quite a task difficult, but | now regular try to do my best because |

dislike being very far behind It seems that | have turn into quite a motivating

WRITING REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 8-14)

Read the question On a piece of paper, take notes on the main points of a response Then write your response

Some people show their emotions, while other people work hard to keep their emotions from showing What are the advantages of each type of behavior? Which do you try to do?

Response Time: 20 minutes

After you have completed this exercise, fill in the chart on page 553

WRITING SKILLS 275

WRITING POST-TEST

Writing

Section Directions

This section measures your ability to use writing to communicate in an academic

environment There will be two writing tasks

For the first writing task, you will read a passage and listen to a lecture and then answer a

question based on what you have read and heard For the second task, you will answer a

question based on your own Knowledge and experience

Integrated Writing Directions

For the first task, you will read a passage about an academic topic You will have 3

minutes to read the passage You may take notes on the passage while you read The

passage will then be removed and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic While

you listen, you may also take notes

‘ Then you will write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship between

the lecture you heard and the reading passage Try to answer the question as completely

as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture The question does

not ask you to express your personal opinion You will be able to see the reading passage

again when it is time for you to write You may use your notes to help you answer the

question You will have 20 minutes to write your response

Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words You need to demonstrate your

ability to write well and to provide complete and accurate content

Remember you can look at the passage again when you write your response Immediately

after the reading time ends, the lecture begins

Independent Writing Directions

For the second task, you will write an essay in response to a question that asks you to

state, explain, and support your opinion on an issue You will have 30 minutes to plan,

write, and revise your response

Typically, an effective essay will contain a minimum of 300 words You need to demonstrate

your ability to write well This includes the development of your ideas, the organization of

your essay, and the quality and accuracy of the language you use to express your ideas

Questions 1-2

Read the passage On a piece of paper, take notes on the main points of the reading passage

Reading Time: 3 minutes According to the law of unintended consequences, actions of individuals, groups, or

governments have effects, or “consequences” that are unexpected, or “unintended.” These

unexpected effects, or unintended consequences as they are called in academic literature, are effects that are not planned when an original action is taken, and the person or persons making the decision do not consider that these effects may result from the action taken

Unintended consequences may turn out to be positive or negative Unintended consequences that are positive may result, for example, from a decision by a city council to ban cars from

Main Street in the city If, as a result of this decision, there is an unexpected effect that many citizens improve their health because they need to park their cars and walk on a regular basis

to get to the businesses that line Main Street, then this is a positive effect There can, however,

also be negative consequences of this decision by the city council to ban cars on Main Street

If, as a result of this decision, citizens decide that it is too much trouble to get to the businesses

on Main Street because they cannot take their cars there, then they might decide to go to

businesses elsewhere because it is easier to get there A loss in the number of customers

visiting the businesses along Main Street would be a definitely negative effect of the decision

by the city council that was absolutely not intended by the city council when the decision was made

Listen to the passage On a piece of paper, take notes on the main points of the listening passage ()

Now answer the following question:

How does the information in the listening passage add to the ideas presented in the reading passage?

Preparation Time: 1 minute Response Time: 20 minutes

WRITING POST-TEST 277

278

Question 2

Read the question On a piece of paper, take notes on the main points of a response Then write your

response

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

It is better to be safe than sorry

Use reasons and examples to support your response

Response Time: 30 minutes

After you have completed this test, fill in the chart on pages 552-553

WRITING