Tài liệu Quy hoạch, quản lý nguồn nước( chương 1) pdf

‡¬GX\WU°NKQQJW‘LW’RFÊDQ¼ 7UƒQKŽQKWLQKFKÌQJWDQ†ÆFW¾QW’LG†ÆLQKÐQJG’QJNK‘FQKDX1†ÆFWUƒQWU‘L ‡£WQJRŽL‡’LG† QJÄF‘FV„QJVXÁLK¾DRF‘FK¾FKÑDQK‚QW’RQ†ÆFQJ PWURQJNK„QJNK¶EQJWX\®WYŽF‘FG’QJOLƒQN®WNK

 4X\KR“FKYTXQO×QJX¿QQ‡ÇF  

&’FW’FJLˆ‘EL„QVR“QJL’RWU±QKQ\GÓDWU„Qˆ¬F‡†QJP…QK¾FF’FWLOL°XJLQJG“\YÇLVÓKÁWUÈFËDF’FFKX\„QJLDW‡Y¤QTXÂFW¯*L’RWU±QKGR*6761J…±QK7X¤QY3*6761JX\®Q9‚Q7X¡QSKQEL°Q +ÃL ˆ¿QJ KRD K¾F Y R W“R 7U‡ÄQJ “L K¾F 7KË\ OÈL ˆ‘ SK„FKX¢QFKR[X¤WEQJL’RWU±QKQ\WKHR4X\¯Wˆ¸QKVÂ4+7/+.+ 7QJ\7L­XKÈSSK¡Q+ÁWUÈW‚QJF‡ÄQJQ‚QJOÓFFKR 7U‡ÄQJ “L K¾F 7KË\ OÈL WKXÃF &K‡†QJ WU±QK +Á WUÈ QJQK Q‡ÇFFËD'$1,'$ˆ‘WLWUÈNLQKSK·FKRW‡Y¤QTXÂFW¯WURQJQ‡ÇFYLQ¤QJL’RWU±QK

PÎFOÎF  





0¦FWLlXF£D*LxRWUŽQKOuJL LWKLXQK©QJNKxLQLPFnEvQY‰TX\ KRyFKYuTXvQO¯QJX˜QQo FFxFSKonQJSKxSSKkQW‘FKNLQKWŒN®WKXƒW SKonQJSKxSSKkQW‘FKKWK›QJWURQJTX\KRyFKYuTXvQO¯QJX˜QQo F 1œLGXQJF£DJLxRWUŽQKpo¡FWUŽQKEu\WKHRKo QJWLŒSFƒQQK©QJSKonQJ SKxS QJKLlQ FªX KLQ pyL WUlQ WKŒ JL L Y‰ TX\ KRyFK Yu TXvQ O¯ QJX˜Q

Qo F3K¦O¦FN„PWKHRJLxRWUŽQKQu\OuFxFY‘G¦YuQJKLlQFªXpLŠQKŽQK Y‰FxFEuLWRxQTX\KRyFKKWK›QJK˜FKªDO¡LG¦QJW™QJK¡STX\KRyFK SK“QJO¤FxFEuLWRxQTXvQO¯NKDLWKxFKWK›QJQJX˜QQo F

ik\OuJLxRWUŽQKpo¡F[X‚WEvQOQpXQlQNK–WUxQKNK”LQK©QJ VDLV–WYuNKLŒPNKX\ŒW5‚WPRQJV«J–S¯F£DpœFJLvpŠQkQJFDRFK‚W Oo¡QJF£DJLxRWUŽQKWURQJQK©QJOQ[X‚WEvQVDX

/ÄLQ½Lˆ¡X  





‡¬GX\WU°NKQQJW‘LW’RFÊDQ¼

7UƒQKŽQKWLQKFKÌQJWDQ†ÆFW¾QW’LG†ÆLQKÐQJG’QJNK‘FQKDX1†ÆFWUƒQWU‘L

‡£WQJRŽL‡’LG†…QJÄF‘FV„QJVXÁLK¾DRF‘FK¾FKÑDQK‚QW’RQ†ÆFQJ PWURQJNK„QJNK¶EQJWX\®WYŽF‘FG’QJOLƒQN®WNK‘F7KHR9,9HU„QDWVNHNKÁLO†ÇQJQ†ÆF WUƒQ WU‘L ‡£W YŽR NKRQJ  WÔ NP WURQJ ‡¼ Q†ÆF WURQJ ‡’L G†…QJ FKL®PNKRQJWÔNP

6ÒSK‚QEÁQ†ÆFWUƒQKŽQKWLQKFKÌQJWDWKHRVÁOL¯X†ÆFW¶QKFÊD81(6&2QP

EQJQK†VDX7¿QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFWUƒQWU‘L‡£WYŽRNKRQJNPWURQJ ‡¼ Q†ÆF WURQJ ‡’L G†…QJ YŽR NKRQJ  NP FKL®P  1†ÆFQJ½WWUƒQWU‘L‡£WFKL®PWÔO¯U£WQKºFK±YŽRNKRQJ1†ÆFQJ½WSK‚QEÁÄQ†ÆF

QJ PQ†ÆFPŸWG’QJEQJWX\®WYŽF‘FG’QJNK‘FWURQJ‡¼O†ÇQJQ†ÆFÄG’QJEQJWX\®WFKL®PWÔO¯FDRQK£W[£S[±Q†ÆFQJ½WÄF‘FW QJQJ PG†ÆL‡£WFKL®PWÔO¯YŽRNKRQJWURQJNKL‡¼Q†ÆFWURQJK¯WKÁQJV„QJVXÁLFK±FKL®PNKRQJ

W¿QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFQJ½WWUƒQWU‘L‡£WPÂWWÔO¯U£WQKº

+¯WKÁQJWX QKRŽQQ†ÆFF¼WK¬P„WWUƒQK°QK1†ÆFWUƒQWU‘L‡£WW¾QW’LWURQJPÂWNKRQJNK„QJJLDQJ½LOŽWKXÔTX\¬Q1†ÆFY¤Q‡ÂQJWURQJWKXÔTX\¬QTXD

QKÐQJFRQ‡†ÃQJY„FÈQJSKÑFW’SF£XW’RWKŽQKWX QKRŽQQ†ÆFF¸QJ½LOŽFKXWU°QK

WKXÔYQ

1†ÆFEÁFK…LWÎF‘F‡’LG†…QJYŽOÍF‡·DWUÄWKŽQKPÂWEÂSK¤QFÊDNK¶TX\¬Q+…LQ†ÆF‡†ÇFY¤QFKX\¬QYŽRE XNK„QJNK¶EÁFOƒQFDRFKR‡®QNKLFKÌQJQJ†QJN®WYŽU…LWUÄO’LPŸW‡£WKRŸFPŸWEL¬Q/†ÇQJQ†ÆFU…L[XÁQJPŸW‡£WPÂWSK QE·JLÐ



 4X\KR“FKYTXQO×QJX¿QQ‡ÇF  

O’LEÄLF‚\FÁLFK\WUŽQWUƒQPŸW‡£WWKŽQKG¸QJFK\WUƒQV†ÃQGÁFWK£P[XÁQJ‡£WFK\ WURQJ ‡£W WKŽQK G¸QJ FK\ V‘W PŸW ‡£W YŽ FK\ YŽR F‘F G¸QJV„QJWKŽQKG¸QJFK\PŸW3K QOÆQO†ÇQJQ†ÆFE·JLÐO’LEÄLWKPSKÊWKÒFY¤WYŽG¸QJFK\PŸWV¨TXD\WUÄO’LE XNK¶TX\¬QTXDFRQ‡†ÃQJEÁFK…LYŽEÁFWKR‘WK…L/†ÇQJQ†ÆFQJ£PWURQJ‡£WF¼WK¬WK£PV‚XK…Q[XÁQJQKÐQJOÆS‡£WEƒQG†ÆL‡¬F£SQ†ÆFFKRF‘FW QJQ†ÆFQJ PYŽVDX‡¼[X£WOÂWKŽQKF‘FG¸QJVXÁLKRŸFFK\G QYŽRV„QJQJ¸LWKŽQKG¸QJFK\PŸWYŽFXÁLFÈQJ‡¿UDEL¬QKRŸFEÁFK…LYŽRNK¶TX\¬Q

&¼WK¬FRLTX‘WU°QKWX QKRŽQQ†ÆFOŽPÂWK¯WKÁQJWKXÔYQWKÒFFK£WOŽTX‘WU°QK FKX\¬Q WÎ P†D VDQJ G¸QJ FK\ YÆL F‘F WKŽQK SK Q OŽ Q†ÆF U…L EÁF K…L G¸QJFK\ YŽ F‘F SKD NK‘F QKDX FÊD FKX WU°QK &‘F WKŽQK SK Q QŽ\ F¼ WK¬ ‡†ÇF W¤S KÇSWKŽQKF‘FK¯WKÁQJFRQFÊDFKXWU°QKOÆQ&KXWU°QKY¸QJWX QKRŽQWRŽQF X‡†ÇFP„WWUƒQK°QK7KHRV…‡¾WX QKRŽQQ†ÆFWUƒQK°QKF¼QK¤Q[©WQK†VDX

7†…QJÑQJYÆL‡…QY·P†DWUƒQOÍF‡·DF¼‡…QY·FK\G¸QJFK\PŸWUDEL¬Q‡…QY·FK\QJ PUDEL¬Q‡…QY·EÁFK…LWÎOÍF‡·D5»UŽQJO†ÇQJEÁFK…LWÎPŸW‡£WOŽU£WOÆQVRYÆLO†ÇQJQ†ÆFPŸWYŽO†ÇQJQ†ÆFQJ PFK\UDEL¬Q

7UƒQ‡’LG†…QJW†…QJÑQJYÆL‡…QY·P†D[XÁQJ‡’LG†…QJF¼‡…QY·EÁFK…LW·’LG†…QJ



 4X\KR“FKYTXQO×QJX¿QQ‡ÇF  

1†ÆFWK†ÃQJSK‚QEÁNK„QJ‡«XWKHRNK„QJJLDQYŽWKÃLJLDQG¢Q‡®QVÒNK„QJSKÈKÇSJLÐDWŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ÆFYŽ\ƒXF XVÏGÍQJFÊDFRQQJ†ÃL

7ŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ÆF‡†ÇF‡‘QKJL‘EÄLED‡ŸFWU†QJTXDQWU½QJ/†ÇQJFK£WO†ÇQJYŽ‡ÂQJWK‘LFÊDQ¼

x /†ÇQJQ†ÆFW¿QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFVLQKUDWURQJPÂWNKRQJWKÃLJLDQPÂWQPKRŸFPÂWWKÃLNÓQŽR‡¼WURQJQP1¼EL¬XWK·PÑF‡ÂSKRQJSKÌFÊDWŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ÆFWUƒQPÂWYÈQJOàQKWK¿

x &K£WO†ÇQJQ†ÆFEDRJ¾PF‘F‡ŸFWU†QJY«KŽPO†ÇQJFÊDF‘FFK£WKRŽWDQYŽNK„QJKRŽWDQWURQJQ†ÆFF¼OÇLKRŸFF¼K’LWKHRWLƒXFKX¡QVÏGÍQJFÊD

‡ÁLW†ÇQJVÏGÍQJQ†ÆF

x €ÂQJWK‘LFÊDQ†ÆF‡†ÇF‡‘QKJL‘EÄLVÒWKD\‡¿LFÊDF‘F‡ŸFWU†QJG¸QJFK\ WKHR WKÃL JLDQ VÒ WUDR ‡¿L Q†ÆF JLÐD F‘F NKX YÒF FKÑD Q†ÆF VÒ Y¤QFKX\¬QYŽTX\OX¤WFKX\¬Q‡ÂQJFÊDQ†ÆFWURQJV„QJVÒFKX\¬Q‡ÂQJFÊDQ†ÆFQJ PF‘FTX‘WU°QKWUDR‡¿LFK£WKRŽWDQWUX\«QPŸQYY



1JX¾QQ†ÆFWUƒQWK®JLÆLOŽU£WOÆQQK†QJQ†ÆFQJ½WPÆLOŽ\ƒXF XF…EQFKRKR’W‡ÂQJG‚QVLQKNLQKW®FÊDFRQQJ†ÃL1†ÆFQJ½WWUƒQWK®JLÆLÄG’QJNKDLWK‘F

‡†ÇFF¼WUÐO†ÇQJNK„QJOÆQFKL®PNKRQJWUƒQG†ÆLW¿QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFF¼WUƒQWU‘L

‡£W.KLVÒSK‘WWUL¬QG‚QVLQKNLQKW®F¸QÄPÑFWK£SQ†ÆFFK±PÆL‡†ÇFFRLOŽP„LWU†ÃQJF QWKL®WFKRVÒVÁQJFÊDFRQQJ†ÃL7URQJTX‘WU°QKSK‘WWUL¬QFŽQJQJŽ\FŽQJF¼ VÒ P£W F‚Q ‡ÁL JLÐD QKX F X GÈQJ Q†ÆF YŽ QJX¾Q Q†ÆF '†ÆL W‘F ‡ÂQJ F‘F KR’W

‡ÂQJNLQKW®[àKÂLFÊDFRQQJ†ÃLQJX¾QQ†ÆFQJŽ\FŽQJF¼QJX\F…E·VX\WKR‘LYŽF’QNL¯WNKL‡¼Q†ÆF‡†ÇFFRLOŽPÂWOR’LWŽLQJX\ƒQTXÖF Q‡†ÇFERY¯YŽTXQOÖ

&‘FOX¤WQ†ÆFUD‡ÃLYŽFÈQJYÆLQ¼ÄPÀLTXÁFJLD‡«XF¼PÂWW¿FKÑF‡¬TXQOÖQJKLƒPQJŸWOR’LWŽLQJX\ƒQQŽ\



.KLQL–PY’K–WK¦QJQJX£QQ|«FY~}‡F}L“PF®DQ¡

+°WKÂQJQJX¿QQ‡ÇF

4X‘WU°QKNKDLWK‘FQJX¾QQ†ÆF‡àK°QKWKŽQKK¯WKÁQJF‘FF„QJWU°QKWKXÔOÇL1KÐQJF„QJWU°QKWKXÔOÇL‡†ÇF[‚\GÒQJ‡àOŽPWKD\‡¿L‡‘QJN¬QKÐQJ‡ŸF‡L¬PWÒQKLƒQFÊDK¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ÆF0ÑF‡ÂNKDLWK‘FQJX¾QQ†ÆFFŽQJOÆQWK°VÒWKD\‡¿LWKXÂFW¶QKWŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ÆFFŽQJOÆQYŽFK¶QKQ¼O’LQKK†ÄQJ‡®QTX‘WU°QKNKDLWK‘FVÏ GÍQJ Q†ÆF FÊD FRQ QJ†ÃL &K¶QK Y° Y¤\ NKL O¤S F‘F TX\ KR’FK NKDL WK‘F QJX¾QQ†ÆFF Q[HP[©WVÒW‘F‡ÂQJTXDO’LJLÐDWŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ÆFSK†…QJWKÑFNKDLWK‘FYŽF‘FEL¯QSK‘SF„QJWU°QK%ÄLY¤\WKHRTXDQ‡L¬PK¯WKÁQJQJ†ÃLWD‡·QKQJKµDK¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ÆFQK†VDX

&K‡†QJ7LQJX\„QQ‡ÇF  

o+¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ỈFOŽPÂWK¯WKÁQJSKĐFW’SEDRJ¾PWŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ỈFF‘FEL¯QSK‘SNKDLWK‘FYŽERY¯QJX¾QQ†ỈFF‘F\ƒXF XY«Q†ỈFFÈQJYỈLPÁLTXDQK¯W†…QJW‘FJLÐDFKÌQJFÈQJYỈLVỊW‘F‡ÂQJFÊDP„LWU†ÃQJOƒQQ¼p

&˜F\ŠXF§XY²QÍF%DRJ¾PF‘FKÂGÈQJQ†ỈFF‘F\ƒXF XY«PĐFER

‡PSK¸QJFKÁQJOËOÍWÌQJK’QF‘F\ƒXF XY«ERY¯KRŸFFLW’RP„LWU†ÃQJFÈQJF‘F\ƒXF XGÈQJQ†ỈFNK‘F

7‘F‡ÂQJFÊDP„LWU†ÃQJOŽQKÐQJW‘F‡ÂQJY«KR’W‡ÂQJG‚QVLQKNLQKW®KR’W

‡ÂQJFÊDFRQQJ†ÃLNK„QJN¬F‘FW‘F‡ÂQJY«NKDLWK‘FQJX¾QQ†ỈFWKHRTX\KR’FK1KÐQJW‘F‡ÂQJ‡¼EDRJ¾PQKK†ÄQJFÊDF‘FEL¯QSK‘SFDQKW‘FOŽPWKD\‡¿LPŸW

‡¯PYŽO¸QJG¢QVỊW‘F‡ÂQJNK„QJF¼ƯWKĐFYŽRK¯WKÁQJF‘FF„QJWU°QKWKÊ\OÇLYY

 FˆL­PFËDK°WKÂQJQJX¿QQ‡ÇF

1JKLƒQFĐXY«K¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ỈFF QFKÌƯQKÐQJ‡ŸF‡L¬PFK¶QKFÊDQ¼F¼WK¬K¯WKÁQJO’LQK†VDX

 +¯ WKÁQJ QJX¾Q Q†ỈF OŽ PÂW K¯ WKÁQJ SKĐF W’S W¾Q W’L PÂW VÁ O†ÇQJ F‘FWKDPVÁYŽF‘FPÁLTXDQK¯JLÐDFKÌQJ+¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ỈFE·W‘F‡ÂQJP’QKP¨ỆL\®XWÁP„LWU†ÃQJ

+¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ỈFOŽK¯E£W‡·QKF¼QKL«X\®XWÁE£W‡·QKEDRJ¾P

 &‘F EL®Q YŽR EL®Q UDYŽEL®QWU’QJWK‘LOŽQKÐQJ EL®Q QJ¢X QKLƒQ 4X\OX¤WQJ¢XQKLƒQFÊDF‘FEL®Q‡¼V¨QKK†ÄQJ‡®QFK£WO†ÇQJFÊDF‘FWKL®WN®TX\KR’FKYŽ‡L«XNKL¬QK¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ỈF

 &‘FWK„QJWLQY«K¯WKÁQJOŽNK„QJ‡ \‡ÊKRŸFF¼WK°FËQJU£WNK¼F¼WK¬SK‚QW¶FK‡†ÇFK®WF‘FWKXÂFW¶QKFÊDK¯WKÁQJNKLO¤SF‘FTX\KR’FKNKDLWK‘F&‘FWK„QJWLQ‡¼EDRJ¾P

&‘FWŽLOL¯X‡R‡’FY«NK¶W†ÇQJWKÊ\YQ

&‘FWŽLOL¯XY«\ƒXF XQ†ỈFWURQJW†…QJODL

&‘FWK„QJWLQY«QKK†ÄQJW‘F‡ÂQJFÊDP„LWU†ÃQJYY

6ỊKL¬XEL®WNK„QJ‡ \‡ÊFÊDFRQQJ†ÃLQJKLƒQFĐXY«K¯WKÁQJEDRJ¾PF‘FTX\OX¤WY¤WOƯFÊDQJX¾QQ†ỈFF‘FWL«PQQJFÊDK¯WKÁQJYŽF‘FQKK†ÄQJFÊDF‘FEL¯QSK‘SF„QJWU°QK‡®QVỊWKD\‡¿LWU’QJWK‘LFÊDK¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ỈFYY



 4X\KR“FKYTXQO×QJX¿QQ‡ÇF  %£W‡ÂQJY«PÍFWLƒXWK¬KL¯QÄF‘FPŸW

 0ÍFWLƒXNKDLWK‘FF¼WK¬FK†D‡†ÇF‡ŸWUDPÂWF‘FKU»UŽQJQJD\W· XYŽQ¼FK±‡†ÇFK°QKWKŽQKWURQJTX‘WU°QKWL®SF¤QK¯WKÁQJ

 €DPÍFWLƒXWURQJNKDLWK‘FYŽTXQOÖQJX¾QQ†ÆF

 +¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ÆFOŽK¯WKÁQJOX„QOX„QÄWU’QJWK‘LF‚QE”QJW’PWKÃL1KÐQJ EL®Q ‡¿L Y« NK¶ K¤X PŸW ‡¯P YŽ F‘F W‘F ‡ÂQJ ‡ÂW EL®Q FÊD FRQQJ†ÃLOŽPK¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ÆFWKD\‡¿LWÎWU’QJWK‘LF‚QE”QJQŽ\VDQJWU’QJ WK‘L F‚Q E”QJ NK‘F 'R ‡¼ QKÐQJ WK„QJ WLQ KL¯Q W’L Y« K¯ WKÁQJNK„QJSKQ‘QKQKÐQJTX\OX¤WFÊDW†…QJODL



+¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ÆFOŽK¯WKÁQJF¼F£XWUÌF\®XEÄLY°

 &‘FPÁLTXDQK¯WURQJK¯WKÁQJU£WNK¼WK¬KL¯QE”QJF‘FEL¬XWKÑFWR‘QK½FWK¤PFK¶NK„QJWK¬KL¯Q‡†ÇF

 K¼NL¬PVR‘W‡†ÇFF‘FW‘F‡ÂQJFÊDP„LWU†ÃQJ‡ŸFEL¯WOŽF‘FW‘F‡ÂQJFÊDFRQQJ†ÃL



9ÆLQKÐQJ‡ŸF‡L¬PWUƒQFÊDK¯WKÁQJQJX¾QQ†ÆFQ¼WUÄWKŽQKPÂW‡ÁLW†ÇQJQJKLƒQFÑXFÊDOÖWKX\®WSK‚QW¶FKK¯WKÁQJ



1KXFˆXQ|«FG­QJY~QKXFˆXQ|«FVLQKWKL



1†ÆFOŽQKXF XNK„QJWK¬WKL®XYŽOŽQJX\ƒQQK‚QFKÊ\®XFÊDVÒSK‘WWUL¬QO·FKVÏORŽLQJ†ÃL7URQJTX‘WU°QKSK‘WWUL¬QE”QJF‘FEL¯QSK‘SWKÊ\OÇLFRQQJ†ÃL‡àOŽPWKD\‡¿LWU’QJWK‘LWÒQKLƒQFÊDQJX¾QQ†ÆFQK”PWKRPàQF‘F\ƒXF XY«Q†ÆFQJŽ\FŽQJWQJFÊD[àKÂLORŽLQJ†ÃL&‘FEL¯QSK‘SWKÊ\OÇLFËQJ‡DG’QJEDRJ¾P+¾FKÑD‡¤SG‚QJQ†ÆFK¯WKÁQJ‡ƒK¯WKÁQJF‘FWU’PE…PYŽFÁQJW†ÆLWLƒXFÁQJQJQPŸQYY&‘FEL¯QSK‘SWKÊ\OÇLQJŽ\FŽQJSK‘WWUL¬QV¨OŽPWKD\‡¿LP’QKP¨FK®‡ÂWÒQKLƒQFÊDG¸QJFK\V„QJQJ¸L

<„XF¡XGÉQJQ‡ÇFYSKƒQOR“L

.KDLWK‘FQJX¾QQ†ÆFF¼WK¬WKHRQKÐQJPÍF‡¶FKNK‘FQKDXF£SQ†ÆFW†ÆLF£SQ†ÆFFKRF„QJQJKL¯SF£SQ†ÆFFKRVLQKKR’WSK‘W‡L¯QJLDRWK„QJWKÊ\GXO·FKFL

&K‡†QJ7LQJX\„QQ‡ÇF  

&£SQ†ÆFSKÍFYÍF„QJQJKL¯S

&‘FKÂGÈQJQ†ÆFOR’LQŽ\WLƒXKDRPÂWO†ÇQJQ†ÆFNK‘OÆQYŽK XQK†NK„QJKRŽQO’LKRŸFKRŽQO’LU£W¶WQƒQWK†ÃQJJ½LOŽF‘FKÂWLƒXKDRQ†ÆF



 4X\KR“FKYTXQO×QJX¿QQ‡ÇF  

9L¯F[‘F‡·QK\ƒXF XQ†ỈFVLQKWK‘LWK†ÃQJU£WNK¼NKQYŽSKÍWKXÂFYŽR‡L«XNL¯QFÍWK¬FÊDEŽLWR‘QTX\KR’FK‡ŸWUD

+L¯QQD\WUƒQWK®JLỈLQJ†ÃLWDQ¼LQKL«X‡®QNK‘LQL¯PoQJ†ÅQJNKDLWK‘FpÅ9L¯W1DPY£Q‡«QJ†ÅQJNKDLWK‘FFËQJ‡à‡†ÇF‡«F¤S‡®QWURQJQKÐQJQPJ Q

‡‚\WX\QKLƒQFK†DF¼PÂWFKX¡QPỊFFKRQKÐQJTX\‡·QKY«QJ†ÅQJNKDLWK‘F€ÁLYỈLO†XYỊFV„QJF¼PĐF‡ÂNKDLWK‘FOỈQÄWK†ÇQJO†XF QTX\‡·QKO†XO†ÇQJWÁLWKL¬XF Q[[XÁQJK’GXWURQJWKÃLNĨPÈDNL¯W+L¯QQD\ÄQ†ỈFWDWK†ÃQJFK½QO†XO†ÇQJQŽ\W†…QJĐQJYỈLPÂWW QVX£WTX\‡·QKQŽR‡¼7 QVX£WQŽ\KL¯QQD\WK†ÃQJO£\E”QJ



v‡F}L“PFKXQJY’W~LQJX\yQQ|«FF®D9L–W1DP



1†ỈFWDOŽPÂWWURQJQKÐQJQ†ỈFF¼WŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ỈFSKRQJSKÌWUƒQWK®JLỈLFËQJOŽQ†ỈFF¼WUÐO†ÇQJQ†ỈFG¾LGŽRÄNKXYỊFFK‚X’

9L¯W1DPF¼O†XYỊFV„QJF¼GL¯QW¶FKO†XYỊFOỈQK…QNPWURQJ‡¼F¼

O†XYỊFF¼GL¯QW¶FKOỈQK…QNP‡¼OŽF‘FV„QJ+¾QJ7K‘L%°QK%”QJ

*LDQJ.Ĩ &ÈQJ 0à & 7KX %¾Q %D €¾QJ 1DL &ÏX /RQJ 6UƒSRN 6ƒ 6DQ [HPEQJ7KHRWKÁQJNƒÄEQJFK±F¼KDLV„QJOỈQOŽV„QJ7KX%¾QYŽV„QJ%DF¼WRŽQÊGL¯QW¶FKW¤SWUXQJQ†ỈFQ”PFK½QYªQWUƒQOàQKWK¿9L¯W1DP+ XK®WF‘FV„QJ F¼ FÏD V„QJ ‡¿ UD Ễ EL¬Q WKXÂF OàQK WK¿ 9L¯W QDP WUỴ V„QJ %”QJ *LDQJ.Ĩ

&ÈQJV„QJ6ƒ6DQYŽV„QJ6UƒSRN

€·DK°QKQÌLQRQYŽNK¶K¤XQKL¯W‡ỈLJL¼PÈDW‘F‡ÂQJV‚XV—FWỈLO†ÇQJYŽSK‚QSKÁLO†ÇQJQ†ỈFWURQJQP7ŽLQJX\ƒQQ†ỈFFÊD9L¯W1DPF¼QKÐQJ‡ŸF‡L¬PFK¶QKQK†VDX

3K‚QẾNK„QJ‡«XWKHRNK„QJJLDQYŽWKÃLJLDQ7UƒQOàQKWK¿F¼QKÐQJYÈQJQ†ỈFU£WSKRQJSKÌO†ÇQJP†DWUXQJE°QKQP[£S[±PPF¼Q…LO†ÇQJP†DWUXQJE°QKQPWUƒQPP1K†QJFËQJF¼YÈQJP†DU£WQKºO†ÇQJP†DKŽQJQP

‡’W G†ỈL  PP ‡ŸF EL¯W FK± ‡’W [£S [± PP YÈQJ 3KDQ 5DQJ /†ÇQJ G¸QJFK\KŽQJQPFKÊ\®XW¤SWUXQJYŽRNKRQJWK‘QJPÈDOËFKL®PW¿QJO†ÇQJG¸QJFK\KŽQJQPPÈDNL¯WN©RGŽLJ‚\NK¼NKQFKRF£SQ†ỈF

1†ỈFWDF¼W¿QJGL¯QW¶FKOŽNPWK°F¼‡®QGL¯QW¶FKOŽ‡¾LQÌLYŽW¤SWUXQJFKÊ\®XÄPL«Q%—F7‚\1JX\ƒQYŽNKXYỊFPL«Q7UXQJF¸QO’LOŽ‡¾QJE”QJSKÈVDYŽFK‚XWK¿FKÊ\®XOŽ‡¾QJE”QJV„QJ+¾QJYŽV„QJ&ÏX/RQJ

€·DK°QKPL«QQÌLW’RUDWL«PQQJ‡‘QJN¬Y«WKXƠ‡L¯QYŽGỊWUÐQ†ỈF7X\QKLƒQFËQJOŽQJX\ƒQQK‚QJ‚\OËOËTX©WYŽ[¼LP¸Q‡£W

&K‡†QJ7LQJX\„QQ‡ÇF  

/ËÌQJOŽKL¯QW†ÇQJ[\UDWK†ÃQJ[X\ƒQJ‚\WKL¯WK’LOÆQFKRQ«QNLQKW®TXÁFG‚Q

9ÈQJ‡¾QJE”QJYHQEL¬QKL¯QW†ÇQJQKL­PPŸQFËQJJ‚\NK¼NKQFKRVQ[X£WQ„QJQJKL¯SYŽF£SQ†ÆFFKRQ„QJWK„Q

7LQJX\„QQ‡ÇFP W

9L¯W 1DP OŽ PÂW WURQJ QKÐQJ Q†ÆF F¼ K¯ WKÁQJ V„QJ QJ¸L FK”QJ FK·W OŽ PÂWWU’QJWK‘LWKX¤QOÇLFXQJF£SQJX¾QQ†ÆFPŸW7¿QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFE°QKTX‚QKŽQJQPFK\WUƒQF‘FV„QJVXÁL9L¯W1DPN¬FWÎQJRŽLOàQKWK¿FK\YŽRWKHRVÁOL¯X‡‘QKJL‘FÊD:%YŽ81'39L¯W1DP€‘QKJL‘W¿QJTXDQQJŽQKWKÊ\OÇL%‘RF‘RFK¶QKGR :% $'% )$2 81'3 1*2 YŽ,:53O¤SOŽWÔP WURQJ ‡¼ O†ÇQJQ†ÆFQŽ\WKXÂFO†XYÒFV„QJ+¾QJYŽV„QJ0ƒ.„QJ7KHRN®WTXQJKLƒQFÑXFÊD‡«WŽL.&FRQVÁQŽ\OŽWÔP6RYÆLF‘FQ†ÆFO‘QJJL«QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFF¼GÈQJWUƒQ‡ XQJ†ÃLE”QJO†ÇQJQ†ÆFFK\KŽQJQPFÊDPÂWQ†ÆFFKLDFKRG‚QVÁÄQ†ÆFWDWKXÂFOR’LFDRWURQJNKXYÒF



 4X\KR“FKYTXQO×QJX¿QQ‡ÇF  

9L¯W1DPOŽPÂWWURQJQKÐQJQ†ỈFQ”PWURQJYÈQJQKL¯W‡ỈLFK·XW‘F‡ÂQJP’QKP¨ FÊD F‘F K°QK WK® WKÃL WL®W J‚\ P†D OỈQ 9° Y¤\ W°QK WU’QJ OË OÍW OŽ PÁL ‡H G½DWK†ÃQJ[X\ƒQ‡ÁLYỈLF‘FYÈQJG‚QF†Q”PÄK’O†XF‘FV„QJOỈQ‡ŸFEL¯WOŽYÈQJ

‡¾QJE”QJ%—F%ÂYŽ‡¾QJE”QJV„QJ&ÏX/RQJOŽKDLYÈQJ‡„QJG‚QQK£W9L¯W1DPQ”PÄYÈQJFÏDV„QJFÊDKDLV„QJOỈQOŽV„QJ+¾QJYŽV„QJ0ƒ.„QJ+ŽQJQPOËFÊDKDLV„QJOX„Q‡HG½DFXÂFVÁQJFÊDKŽQJWUL¯XQJ†ÃLYÈQJFK‚XWK¿KDLV„QJQŽ\/ËTX©WFËQJOŽPÁLKL¬PKR’‡ÁLYỈLF‘FYÈQJG‚QF†WKXÂFF‘FW±QKPL«QQÌL

/ËOÍWÄ9L¯W1DPF¼QKÐQJ‡ŸF‡L¬PFK¶QKQK†VDX

9L¯W1DPOŽPÂWWURQJQKÐQJQ†ỈFQ”PWURQJYÈQJQKL¯W‡ỈLFK·XW‘F‡ÂQJP’QKP¨FÊDEàRYŽF‘FK°QKWK®WKÃLWL®WJ‚\P†DOỈQOŽQJX\ƒQQK‚QJ‚\UDW°QKWU’QJOËOÍWQJKLƒPWU½QJFKRYÈQJK’GXV„QJ

+ XK®WF‘FV„QJOỈQ‡«XF¼FÏDV„QJQ”PWURQJOàQKWK¿9L¯W1DP7KÊ\WUL«XYŽVỊGL­QEL®QSKĐFW’SÄYÈQJFÏDV„QJOŽPWQJW¶QKQJKLƒPWU½QJFÊDOËOÍW

€DVÁF‘FV„QJVXÁLF¼‡ÂGÁFOỈQOËW¤SWUXQJQKDQKJ‚\NK¼NKQFKRF„QJW‘FSK¸QJWU‘QKOË

+ XK®WNKXYỊFG‚QF†‡«XQ”PÄYÈQJWUËQJWK†ÃQJ[X\ƒQE·ÌQJOÍWYŽE·OˇHG½D

/ËTX©WWK†ÃQJ[X\ƒQ[\UDJ‚\WKPKR’FKRF‘FNKXG‚QF†WKXÂFWUXQJGXYŽPL«QQÌL

'R‡ŸF‡L¬P‡·DK°QK‡ŸF‡L¬PV„QJQJ¸LYŽVỊK°QKWKŽQKOËFÊDF‘FYÈQJNK‘FQKDXQƒQF„QJW‘FTX\KR’FKSK¸QJFKÁQJOËFÊDF‘FYÈQJFËQJF¼QKÐQJ‡ŸFWKÈNK‘FQKDX

ÅQ†ỈFWDF¼‡®QVÁG‚QQ”PWURQJYÈQJWK†ÃQJ[X\ƒQE·‡HG½DỆLOËOÍW

%ÄLY¤\SK¸QJFKÁQJOËOŽPÂWWURQJQKÐQJY£Q‡«‡†ÇFQKŽQ†ỈFTXDQW‚P‡ŸFEL¯W'R‡ŸF‡L¬PNK¶K¤XQƒQVỊSK‚QẾG¸QJFK\WURQJQPU£WNK„QJ‡«X7¿QJO†ÇQJG¸QJFK\WURQJ‡®QWK‘QJPÈDOËFKL®PNKRQJWỴ‡®QO†ÇQJG¸QJFK\WURQJQPWURQJNKL‡¼WURQJVXÁW‡®QWK‘QJPÈDNL¯WWƠO¯QŽ\FK±YŽRNKRQJ‡®Q

7°QKWU’QJ„QKL­PQ†ỈFPŸWWURQJQKÐQJQPJ Q‡‚\JLDWQJWKHRQK·S‡L¯XSK‘WWUL¬QF„QJQJKL¯S7°QKWU’QJ„QKL­PQJX¾QQ†ỈFPŸWU»UŽQJQK£WÄF‘FNKX‡„WK·QK†+Ž1ÂL7KŽQKSKÁ+¾&K¶0LQK7ÁF‡ÂSK‘WWUL¬QNLQKW®FDROŽQJX\F…OŽP[£X‡LFK£WO†ÇQJQJX¾QQ†ỈFWUƒQF‘FV„QJVXÁL

+L¯QW†ÇQJ[‚PQK¤SPŸQYÈQJYHQEL¬QOŽY£Q‡«FK¶QKF QSKLJLLTX\®W‡ÁLYỈLYÈQJ‡¾QJE”QJYHQEL¬Q‡ŸFEL¯WOŽ‡¾QJE”QJV„QJ&ÏX/RQJ