reported speech and if clause

“I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary.. “I won’t help you with your homework.[r]

REPORTED SPEECH

Statements

(Câu phát biểu) 1 * S + V1( said) + ( To + O) (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place)

2 * S + V1( told )+ O + (that) + S2+ V2+( ADV of time/ place) Thì và các trạng ngữ:

CÂU TRỰC TIẾP CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT

PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS ( S + was/were + V-ing)

PRESENT PERFECT / PAST

(S + had + been + v-ing)

Is / am/ are going to Was / were going to

This

The day after tomorrow In 2 days' time

The day before yesterday 2 days before

day

Last night / month / week / year

Next month / week / year The night / month / week / year before. The following/ month/ week / Year

*Reported Speech with to Infinitive( To V)

 S + V + O + ( NOT) TO - V (có tân ngữ)

Tell, Ask, Order, Promise, Offer,Warn, Beg, Advise, Remind, Invite, ,

S + V + ( NOT) TO - V (không có tân ngữ)

Offer, promise, refuse, agree, threaten, hope, wish,…

S + V + V-ing

+ Suggest ,Advised ,Deny ,Admit ,Insisted,…

*Reported Speech With Gerund ( V -Ing)

V + preposition + V - ing ( không có tân ngữ)

( complain about, dream of, apologize for, confess to, insist on, object to, thing of, look forward to, )

Ex: Tom said, “ I am sorry I messed up the arrangement”  Tom apologized for messing up the arrangement

V + O + preposition + V - ing ( có tân ngữ)

( blame … For, thank …… for, congratulate …… On, insist on, accuse … of, stop … from, prevent… from, warn… against, )

Ex: “It was your fault You didn’t tell us”, she told me  She blamed me for not telling them.

45 'Would you like to come on a picnic with us?' (invite)

He _

46 'Please don't tell anybody what happened.' (ask)

He _

47 'I'll finish the work by the end of this week.' (promise)

He _

48 'You ought to take a break, Andrew.' (advise)

He _

4 `Don't forget to go to the supermarket after work.' (remind)

He _

50 'Stay away from me.' (warn)

He _

51 'Why don't we sing a few songs?' (suggest)

He _

1."Don't repeat this mistake again!" the instructor warned the sportsman

1 The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”

The doctor advised me

2 Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”

Mary suggested………

3 “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said

4 “You told a lie, Tom”, she said

She accused Tom………

5 “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary

Mary apologized

6 “I won’t help you with your homework Never ! ” Jane said to me

Jane refused ………

1 She admitted that she has taken the necklace

to………

2 I don’t intend to tell you my plans

-> I have no intention………

3 “ You’ve stolen my money, Tam”

-> She accused Tam………

4 Long found it difficult to concentrate on her lesson because of noise

difficulty………

5 “ I’m sorry I broke your glass” Hai said

-> Hai apologized………

6 He tried to escape but the police stopped him

-> The police prevented him ………

7 John began playing the piano ten years ago

-> John has………

8 I can’t possibly work in all this noise!

-> It is impossible………

9 Susan regrets not buying that house

-> Susan wishes………

10 Smoking is not allowed on the public buses

-> They don’t ………

1 Instead of (excite)……….about the good new,Tom seem to be different

2 The new students hope (include)……….in many of th school’ssocial activities

1 The teacher said to Jim, 'Would you give your book to Mary, please?'

The teacher (order)

2 The sign said, 'No parking in this area Violators will be towed away.'

Drivers (warn)

3 The fire chief said, 'Everyone must leave the building immediately.'

Everyone (order) .

4 Before Bobby went to bed, his father said, 'Don't forget to brush your teeth.'

Before Bobby went to bed, his father (remind)

5 My garage mechanic said, 'You should get a tune-up every 5,000 miles.'

My garage mechanic (advise)

6 The factory manager said to the employees, 'Do not come late If you do, you will lost your jobs.'

The employees (warn)

7 The sign on the side door says, 'Do not enter,' so we have to use a different door

8 Nobody (permit)

9 The judge said to the defendant, 'You must not shout in the courtroom again.'

The defendant (order)

10 My parents often said to me, 'Good for you! It's good to be independent!'

11 My parents (require)

IF CLAUSES AND REPORTED SPEECH

I Reported speech

45 'Would you like to come on a picnic with us?' (invite)

He _

46 'Please don't tell anybody what happened.' (ask)

He _

47 'I'll finish the work by the end of this week.' (promise)

He _

48 'You ought to take a break, Andrew.' (advise)

He _

4 `Don't forget to go to the supermarket after work.' (remind)

He _

50 'Stay away from me.' (warn)

He _

51 'Why don't we sing a few songs?' (suggest)

He _

0."Don't repeat this mistake again!" the instructor warned the sportsman

_

1 The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”

The doctor advised me

………

2 Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”

Mary suggested………

3 “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said

Bill denied………

4 “You told a lie, Tom”, she said

She accused Tom………

5 “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary

Mary apologized

6 “I won’t help you with your homework Never ! ” Jane said to me

Jane refused ………

1 She admitted that she has taken the necklace

to………

2 I don’t intend to tell you my plans

-> I have no intention………

3 “ You’ve stolen my money, Tam”

-> She accused Tam………

4 Long found it difficult to concentrate on her lesson because of noise

difficulty………

5 “ I’m sorry I broke your glass” Hai said

-> Hai apologized………

6 He tried to escape but the police stopped him

-> The police prevented him ………

7 John began playing the piano ten years ago

-> John has………

8 I can’t possibly work in all this noise!

-> It is impossible………

9 Susan regrets not buying that house

-> Susan wishes………

10 Smoking is not allowed on the public buses

-> They don’t ………

3 Instead of (excite)……….about the good new,Tom seem to be different

4 The new students hope (include)……….in many of th school’ssocial activities

12 The teacher said to Jim, 'Would you give your book to Mary, please?'

The teacher (order)

13 The sign said, 'No parking in this area Violators will be towed away.'

Drivers (warn)

14 The fire chief said, 'Everyone must leave the building immediately.'

Everyone (order)

15 Before Bobby went to bed, his father said, 'Don't forget to brush your teeth.'

Before Bobby went to bed, his father (remind)

16 My garage mechanic said, 'You should get a tune-up every 5,000 miles.'

My garage mechanic (advise)

17 The factory manager said to the employees, 'Do not come late If you do, you will lost your jobs.' The employees (warn)

18 The sign on the side door says, 'Do not enter,' so we have to use a different door

19 Nobody (permit)

20 The judge said to the defendant, 'You must not shout in the courtroom again.'

The defendant (order)

21 My parents often said to me, 'Good for you! It's good to be independent!'

22 My parents (require)

23 46 ‘”No, no! Please let me pay for the meal”

24 Pat insisted

25 50 She says I caused the accident

26 She blames

27 51 “I’m sorry that I broke the glass”, said Peter

28 Peter apologized

29 52 “John, please don’t tell anyone my new address”, said Mary

30 Mary asked

31 60 It was so nice of you to help me

32 Thank you

4 “You told a lie, Tom”, she said

She accused Tom

………

5 “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary

Mary apologized for

………

6 “I won’t help you with your homework Never ! ” Jane said to me

Jane refused

………

I.REWRITE WITH IF AND UNLESS

1 If it doesn’t rain, we (go) camping

Unless

2 If he (speak) _ more slowly, I will understand him

Unless _

3 What _you (do) _ if I come?

Unless

5 If I don’t find your book, I (not give) it to you

Unless

6 If you come with us, you (have) a good time

Unless

78 If I take a trip this summer, I (go) to DatLat

Unless

11 We (go) _ swimming if it (be) _ a good day tomorrow

Unless

12 If the weather (be) _ nice next day, I (go) _ for a walk

Unless

13 My dog always barks if he (hear) - _ anything unusual

Unless

14 If he (not/ do) come soon, I`m not going to wait

Unless

15 If the phone (ring) _-_, can you answer it?

Unless _

16 If it rains this evening, I (not/go) out

Unless _

17 If she (come) _, she will give a surprise

Unless

20 If you (send)……… … this letter now, she (receive) ……… it tomorrow

Unless _

1 We can’t bathe in this part of river because the water is too dirty

If

2 We spent too much money on electricity because we had four air conditioners in our house

_

3 I can’t write to Linh because I don’t have her address

_

4 Dick will cause accidents because he drives carelessly

_

5 We couldn’t give much help to the poor because we had wasted a lot of money on unnecessary things _

6 She was drinking too much coffee She didn’t feel calm

_

7 They don’t understand the problem They won’t find a solution

_

8 He sits around too much He isn’t fit

_

9 She isn’t in your position She isn’t able to advise you

10 I’m taking an English class now I can’t go to Paris with you

_

7 We must go or we’ll be late

- If _

8 Get out or I’ll call the cab

If _

9 don’t bring anything and we ‘ll move faster

If _

10.Be confident or you will get lost

If _

11.Keep quiet or you’ll wake the baby up

If _

12.Move slow down and I can taugh you

If _

13 I could probably touch my toes if I tried

unless _

14 You don’t get there in time if you don’t hurry (unless)

_

15 The dog will attack you unless you move suddenly

(if).

1 If I had a typewriter, I (type) it myself

Unless _

2 If I (know) his address, I’d give it to you

Unless _

3 If he worked more slowly, he (not make) so many mistakes

Unless _

4 I shouldn’t drink that wine if I (be) you

Unless _

5 More tourists would come to this country if it (have) a better climate

Unless _

6 If someone (give) you a helicopter, what would you do with it?

Unless _

7 If I (win) a big prize in lottery, I’d give up my job

Unless _

8 What you (do) if you found a burglar in your house?

Unless _

9 I could tell you what this means if I (know) Greek

Unless _

10 He might get fat if he (stop) smoking

Unless _

11 If he knew that it was dangerous, he (not come)

Unless _

II INVERSION OF IF

1 If the chemical were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated

Were

………

………

2 If Germany were to beat Romania, they would face Italy in the final

Were ………

………

3 If Mr Morgan were still head master, he would not permit such bad behavior

Were ………

………

4 If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark

Had ………

………

5 If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earn a large salary

Had

………

………

6 If anything had gone wrong with my plan, I would have held responsibility

If only

………

………

7.If it hadn’t been for Henry,I might not have met you

Had

………

…… …

8 If only they had confirmed by phone, the airline could have warned them

Had

………

…………

9 The coast guards could have saved the vessels if they had been notified

………

………… …

10 If his solicitor hadn’t advised him, he would have made a serious mistake

………

………….……

11 If somebody asks me, please tell them I will be back in an hour

Should

………

………

12 If it weren’t for his help, I would never succeed

Were

………

………

13 If I didn’t know he was afraid, I would do it

Were

………

………

14 If it rains tonight, I will stay at home

Should

………

………

15 If she wishes to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and 11.0

………

……… …

16 If you should have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice

………

17 If you should decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April

………

……… …

18 If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately

………

………… ……

19 If he wishes to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form

………

……… ……

20 If the film is a post office success, they may be sequel

………

……… …

21 If you don’t change your mind, there will always be a job for you here

………

……… ……

22 if you studied harder,you would pass the exam

Were ……… ……

………

23 if I were you,I wouldn’t do that

Were

………

….……

24 If you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here

………

25 If he knew that it was dangerous, he would not come

III REPORTED SPEECH WITH IF

1 ‘If you let the iron get too hot you will scorch your clothes,' I said to John

 _

2 ‘ If you give me some wire, I'll hang that picture for you,' said my son

 _

3 Nga said, "I won’t tell Jim I saw you if you give that book to me"

 _

4 Mrs Mai said, "You can come and stay with me if you are ever in London"

 _

5 “If I take a trip this summer, I will go to Da Lat.”, John said

 _

6.“If I were you, I wouldn’t behave like this,Long”, said Nga

 _

7.“ if she hadn’t been your lover, I would have loved her.” Tom said to Jimy

 _

8.“If there were a change, I wouldn’t come here again” Jane said

 _