Read the passage below and choose the best answer A, B, C, D for each question: 2ms Prague has the population of over one million people.. It is not the biggest city in Europe, but it i[r]
Trang 1Trường THCS Thái Phiên
ƠN TẬP HỌC KỲ I TIẾNG ANH 8 NĂM HỌC 2012-2013
A GRAMMAR
1/ Present simple tense (thì hiện tại đơn):
S + V(es/s) (-) S + don’t / doesn’t + V (?) Do / Does + S + V?
(Đối với các chủ ngữ: He / She / It / tên riêng + Ves / s (-o, -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -z +ES))
* Dùng để diễn tả: Chân lí, sự thật hiển nhiên, thói quen, hành động thường xuyên xảy ra
(Một số trạng từ / cụm từ: always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, occasionally, rarely, every
…, on Mondays / Tuesdays, once a week
2/ The near future tense: (be going to : sắp, sẽ)
(+)S + am / is / are + going to + V(bare-inf)
(-) S + am / is / are + not + going to + V(bare-inf)
(?) Am / Is / Are + S + going to + V(bare-inf)?
Dấu hiệu: Next, tonight, tomorrow, soon, one day
3/ The present progressive tense (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn):
(+)S + am / is / are + V-ing
(-) S + am / is / are + not + V-ing
(?) Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing?
* Dùng để diễn tả:
+Hành động / sự việc đang diễn ra ở hiện tại
Ex: they are watching TV at the moment.
+ Sự than phiền đi kèm với always
Ex: She is always borrowing me money.
+Diễn tả tình trạng/hành động mang tính tạm thời (khơng thường xuyên xảy ra)
(Một số trạng từ chỉ thời gian: now, right now, tomorrow, tomorrow morning/ afternoon, evening, , at present, at the moment, this week / month / …, listen!; look!, …)
4/ Present perfect tense (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành):
Dấu hiệu: since, for, yet, ever, just,recently
Form:
+ S + have/has + P.P(_ed/d-cột
3)
- S + haven’t/hasn’t + P.P
? Have/has + S + P.P
_he/she/it + has
_I/we/you/they + have
have/has + already/just/ever/never + P.P
Trang 2 Ex: They have just received a package from their grandfather.
Lien hasn’t prepared her lesson yet.
The present perfect with “since” or “for” (sử dụng “since” hay “for” trong thì hiện tại hồn thành)
* SINCE + mốc thời gian
since 2000
since last month (year, summer, week…)
since March (October, May…)
since 2 o’clock
since I was young
* FOR + khoảng thời gian
for 8 years
for a month
for 3 months
for 2 hours
for a long time
several weeks
nearly two years
.Supply "for" or "since" in the sentences
1 Tom's lived here 10 years
2 Have you waited for me _ yesterday?
3 The boy has played the game 3 pm
4 I haven't seen her _ a month
5 They have kept in touch they left school
6 I haven't known about that a long time
7 Dad's worked this office 1990
8 Peter has married _ half a month
9 We have finished the test three hours
10 Children have learned English they were young
5/ Past simple tense (Thì quá khứ đơn)
S + Ved/2 + O S + didn’t + V + O Did + S + V + O?
(Tobe: was / were)
Ex: I bought this book yesterday morning
* Dùng để diễn tả hành động / sự việc: đã xảy ra và kết thúc tại thời điểm xác định ở quá khứ
(Một số trạng từ chỉ thời gian : yesterday ; last night / …, ago)
6/ ENOUGH (đủ … để có thể):
Ex: She is old enough to go to school
S + be (not) + adj + ENOUGH + (FOR S.O)+ to - V
Ex: I have enough money to buy that book
Trang 3 S + V + ENOUGH + N(s) + (FOR S.O)+ to – V
NOTES - Enough đứng trước tính từ /trạng từ, đứng sau danh từ
- Nếu 2 chủ từ khơng cùng đối tượng thì phải sử dụng “For Someone”
Ex: This suitcase is too heavy for me to carry upstairs.
Modal 1: Adj + enough + to-inf
1 He is tall He can play volley ball.->He is
2 Mr Tam is not rich He can’t buy a house
->Mr Tam isn’t
3 My sister is old She can go to school.
->My sister is old ………
4 He is very old He can stop working
->
5 Tom isn't experienced He doesn't apply for this job
->
6 We don't have money We cannot go on a trip
->
7 My sister is old, so she can drive a car
-> _
8 The ladder wasn’t very long It didn’t reach the ceiling
-> _
9 The fire isn’t very hot It won’t boil a kettle
-> _
10 Lan isn’t strong She can’t swim across the river
->
◦ Modal 2: not + adj + enough + to –inf
1 The lady was too old to live there by herself
-> The lady was not _
2 They are too busy to help you
-> They are not _
3 The film was too boring to attract us
-> The film is not _
4 Peter is too young to see the horror film
->Peter is not
5 My sister is too young She can’t drive a car
->My sister is not
6 She is very short, so she can’t play basketball
-> She is not _
7/ Adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn):
Thường đứng cuối mệnh đề và đứng trước trạng từ chỉ thời gian (here - ở đây; there - ở kia; outside ở bên ngoài; inside ở bên trong; upstairs ở tầng trên; downstairs ở tầng dưới; around -quanh; out of the window - ở ngoài cửa sổ …)
Ex: Come and sit here
8/ Reflexive pronouns (đại từ phản thân):
Trang 4I myself (chính tôi) You yourselves
you yourself it itself
he himself we ourselves
she herself they themselves
Ex: He bought himself a new car
9/ Modal verbs: must / have to / ought to/ should + bare-inf
10/ Why ? (Tại sao…… ? ) – Because……… ( Bởi vì……….)
E.g: Why were you late for class this morning?
Because I went to school on foot
11/ Prepositions of time (giới từ chỉ thời gian):
- IN (trong, vào): Thế kỉ, năm, tháng, mùa, các buổi trong ngày (trừ at night)
- ON (vào): Các ngày trong tuần, ngày tháng, ngày cụ thể (on christmas day; on my birthday)
- AT (lúc, vào lúc): giờ, ban đêm, và những dịp lễ (at christmas)
- AFTER (sau, sau khi) BEFORE (trước, trước khi)
- BETWEEN (giữa hai khoảng thời gian, ngày, năm …)
12/ USED TO (thường, đã từng): diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ.
e.g: - I used to live in HCM city S + USED TO +bare-inf
-I didn’t use to like milk, but now I like it S + didn’t + USE TO +bare-inf
- Did you use to go there ? Did + S + USE TO + bare-inf ?
13/ Adverbs of manner (Trạng từ chỉ thể cách):
Cho biết điều gì đó xảy ra hoặc được thực hiện như thế nào? Được thành lập bằng cách:
ADJ + ly = ADV ⇒ (S + V + ADV)
Ex: bad badly happy happily beautiful beautifully
Soft softly quick quickly careful carefully
* Một số trường hợp đặc biệt:
Hard hard late late
14 Gerunds (danh động từ) = V+ ing:
Sau các động từ: like, hate, love, enjoy, avoid, begin, finish, mind , suggest, stop + V-ing.
- Danh động từ là một loại từ vừa có tính cách như một động từ vừa có tính cách như một danh từ
15 Comparison with:
a/ Like (giống nhau): Like + N / Pronoun: You look like your mother (giống)
He can like the wind (như)
A is like ( giống)similar to ( giống) B
(not) as adjective as ………bằng/ Không bằng
are (not) the same as giống / không
Thường được dùng làm tân ngữ hoặc đứng ngay sau từ được nhấn mạnh
Trang 5giống different from ( khác ) b/ (not) as … as (không / ngang bằng nhau)
e.g: - He is as tall as his father.
- Nam speaks English as well as Mary
(Thể Khẳng định)
- Hoa doesn’t speak French as well as the French
⇒
(Thể phủ định)
c/ (not) the same ( ) as (sự không đồng nhất) different from (sự khác nhau)
e.g: + Her hair isn't the same color as her mother's
+ She is very different from her sister
+ She sings louder than me
16 Reported Speech
a/ Command and requests (câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu trong câu nói gián tiếp):
e.g: - “Can you meet me after class?”
He asked me to meet him after class
- “Don't open your book, Tom” she said
She told Tom not to open his book
⇒
b/ Advice in reported speech (lời khuyên trong lời nói gián tiếp):
e.g: “You should stop smoking” he said
⇒ He said (that) I should stop smoking
⇒ S1 + said (that) + S2 + should (not) + bare-inf
18 In order to – so as to + V(bare-inf) : được dùng để diễn tả mục đích
Ex: He’s saving money in order to / so as to go on holiday next summer.
Word Forms –English 8
1 extreme(adj) : rất
-> extremely(adv)
2 generous(adj) : rộng lượng
-> generosity(n)
S + + as + + as + N / Pro be V
adj adv
⇒
be not
doesn't + V
didn't
adj adv
S + asked / told + O+ (not) + to-inf.
Trang 6
3 humor(n) : hài hước
-> sense of humor : khiếu hài hước -> humorous(adj) : có tính hài hước
4 lucky(adj) : may mắn
≠ unlucky (adj): không may mắn
-> luckily(adj)
≠ unluckily(adj)
5 orphan(n) : trẻ mồ côi
-> orphanage(n) : trại mồ côi
6 social (adj)
-> Sociable(Adj): Cởi mởi
7 Arrange(v) : Sắp xếp
-> Arrangement
8 Assist(v) : phụ tá
-> Assistant : Người phụ tá
9 Exhibit(V) : Triễn lãm
-> Exhibition(n)
-> Commercial(adj)
-> Success(n)
-> Successful(adj) ≠ unsuccessful
-> Successfully # unsuccessfully
-> Delivery
13 chemistry(n) : Ngành hĩa học
-> Chemical(adj) : Ngành hĩa học
14 Safe(adj) : An tồn
-> Safety
15 Destroy(v) : Hủy diệt
-> Destruction(n)
16 Electricity(n) : điện
-> Electrical (adj) : Thuộc về điện
-> Electrical sockets
17 Equip(v) : Trang bị
-> Equipment(n)
-> Well- equipped(adj)
18 Tradition(n) : Truyền thống
->traditional(adj)
-> traditionally(adv)
19.appear(v) : xuất hiện
-> appearance(n)
20.excited(adj) : phấn khởi, hào hứng
-> be excited ABOUT something : phấn khởi về… -> exciting (adj)
-> excitement(n) : niềm phấn khởi
Trang 721.fool(n) : ngu ngốc
-> foolish(adj)
22.magically (adv) : kì diệu
23.fortunate(adj) : may mắn
≠ unfortunate(adj) : bất hạnh, rủi ro -> unfortunately(adv) : không may 24.wise(adj) : khôn ngoan
-> wisdom(n) : trí khôn, trí tuệ 25.behave(v) : cư xử
-> behavior(n)
26.improve(v) : cải tiến
-> improvement(n)
27.pronounce(v) : phát âm,đọc
-> pronunciation(n) : cách phát âm
28 to be proud of : tự hào về….
-> pride(n) : niềm hãnh diện -> take pride in s.o/ sth
29.revise(v) : ôn lại, đọc lại
-> revision(n)
30.good(adj) : tốt
-> well(adv)
31.organize(v) : tổ chức
-> organization(n)
32.young(adj) : trẻ
-> youth(n) : thanh niên
33.encourage(v) : khuyến khích
-> encouragement(n)
34.voluntary(adj) : tự nguyện
-> volunteer(n) : người tình nguyện 35.apply for : xin việc
-> application(n) : đơn xin việc
36.act(v) : diễn tập
-> activity(n) : hoạt động
37 excellent(adj) : Xuất sắc
->excellence(n)
Trang 8WORD FAMILY CLASS 8 1ST SEMESTER
unlucky
Luckily # unluckily
May mắn
Volunteer Volunteer Voluntary Voluntarily Tình nguyện
Orphan Orphanage
Cô nhi
Cô nhi viện
Emigrate Emigration
Assistant
Sự phụ tá Người phụ tá Demonstrate Demonstration Demonstrative
unsuccessful Successfully # unsuccessfully Thành công
Chemistry Chemist Chemicals
Nhà hóa hoc Hóc chất
nhân Electrify Electricity Electrical
Electric Electronic
Thuộc về điện Dẫn điện Thuộc điện tử
Tradition Traditional Traditionally Truyền thống
Fortune Fortunate #
unfortunate
Fortunately # unfortunately
May mắn # ko may
Excellence Excellent Excellently Xuất sắc
Trang 9Pronounce Pronunciation Phát âm
Participate Participation
Participant
Tham gia
Ng tham gia Satisfy Satisfaction Satisfactory Satisfactorily Hài lòng
Necessity Necessary Necessarily Cần thiết
Differ + from Difference Different Differently Khác
Environment Environmental Environmentally Môi trường
B EXERCISES
I.Choose the best answer:
1 Would you (like / love / want) to go with me? I’d love to
2 Her mother (left / leave / is leaving) this city two years ago
3 They enjoy (tell / telling / told) jokes
4 The children are old enough to look after (themselves / herself / ourselves)
5 We ought (put / putting / to put) the wardrobe opposite the bed
6 You’ll have to cook dinner (yourself / myself / ourselves)
7 They’ll arrive (in / on / at) Monday, 11th July
8 We must be there (at / after / between) 7.30 and 9.30
9 They want to know (why / where / what) she left early
10 Don’t go (outside / inside / into) It is too dark
11 Our team won the game because they played very (well / good / bad)
12 His parents are always proud (on / of / about) him
13 She asked her children (stop / to stop / stopping) playing
14 I know you worked really (hard / hardly / good) this semester
15 Mary was born in France French is her (foreign language / mother tongue / second language)
16 Do you want (become / to become / becoming) a singer
17 They have studied (to / for / since) six o’clock
18 She has (written / write / written) over 50 pages since yesterday
19 Airmail is (like / as / more) expensive than surface mail
Trang 1020 (How / How long / When) have you lived in this town? For 20 years.
21 He does exercises every day(so as to / in order / so that) improve his Math
22 I’m going to Hanoi (at / in / on) January
23 What are you doing? I’m looking at (myself / herself / himself)
II Choose the word or phrase that best complete each sentence
1- The children are old enough to look after
A themselves B ourselves C herself D himself
2-He isn’t _get married
A enough old to B.old enough to
C enough old for D old enough for
3- We - to go to the market and buy something for dinner
A.must B should C ought D have to
4 I’ll see you……… Sunday , April 1st
5 My friends worked really……… this semester
A hardly B hard C very hardly D bad
6 Tuan hates ……… computer games all day
A play B to play C playing D plays
7 My father used……… us to the zoo when he was alive
8 Tam told his friend……… him a ride
A give B to give C giving D gives
9 Revision is ……… when we learn new words
A necessary B necessarily
C more necessary D unnecessary
10 ………is a story passed on in spoken form from one generation to the next
11 Mary was born in France French is her………
A first languge B mother tongue C foreign D A and B
12 - Lan doesn’t talk much in public She’s rather - in public
A reserved B silent C talkative D sociable
13- Deaf-mutes can _speak _hear
A both….and B neither…nor
C not only… but also D either… or
14- You’ll _ cook dinner yourself
A have to B ought to C.must D should
15- Would you like a message?
III Fill in the blank with the correct form of verbs:
1 Would you like (listen) to some music?
2 Yesterday, Ba ( go) to Da Nang by car
3 Nam enjoys ( play) soccer after school
4 Lan asked me (go) to the supermarket
5 Mai is (buy) a new bicycle next week
6 I think you should (do) the morning exercise
7 They used (go) to work by train
8 Don’t let children (play) alone
9 You ought to (do) the homework yourself
10 My father stopped (smoke)
11 Mai has enough money (buy) a new bicycle