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Trang 1TIẾNG ANH CƠ BẢN 2
IN OTHER WORDS
He has never worked for a foreign company
It is the first time he (ever) worked for a foreign company
We have never met such difficult customers
They are the most diffcult customers we have ever met
We have never met any customers as diffcult as them
She hasn’t signed the contract yet
She still hasn’t signed the contract
It’s a week since she (last) visited our company
She hasn’t visited our company for a week
The last time she visited our company for a week
When did you last contact him
When was the last time you contacted him
When did you make your first cars?
How long ago did you make your first cars?
How long is it since you made your first cars?
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences, keep the meanings
1 He hasn’t been to work for a week
It’s
2 How long ago did you do business with Sony?
How long
3 They are the most expensive sunglasses in the market I’ve ever known
I’ve
4 It’s a month sincce I phoned the company’s receptionist
I
5 When did you buy that vacuum cleaner?
How long
6 Our director hasn’t been on the business trip for a month
It’s
7 How long is it since you applied for the job?
How long
Trang 2 I
9 I have never worked for myself before
This 10.The last time I placed orders with that company was 2 years ago
I 11.He last had a phone line for investors 2 months ago
The last
Key: 1 It’s a week since he went to work
2 How long is it since you did business with Sony
3 I’ve never known any sunglasses as expensive as them
4 I haven’t phoned the company’s receptionist for a month
5 How long ago did you buy that vacuum cleaner
6 It’s a month since our director went on a business trip
7 How long ago did you apply for the job?
8 I still haven’t finished my annual report
9 This is the first time I have worked for myself
10 I haven’t placed orders with that company for 2 years
11 The last time he had a phone line for investors was 2 months ago Exercise 2: Turn these sentences into passive voice
1 They promoted him last month
2 His company will give us better terms
3 They will deliver the needed equipment by the end of this month
4 People mine many of the world’s diamonds in South Africa
5 People spend a lot of money on advertising everday
6 He founded his firs company in 1950
7 We are dealing your complaint
Trang 38 The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house.
9 You mustn’t use this machine after 5:30 pm
10 Science and technology have completely changed human life
11 The president had his advisors arrange a press conference
Key: 1 He was promoted last month
2 We will be given better terms by his company
3 The needed equipment will be delivered by the end of this month
4 Many of the world’s diamonds are mined in South Africa
5 A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday
6 His first company was founded in 1950
7 Your complaint is being dealt with by us
8 Plans for an extension to the house have been drawn by the architect
9 This machine mustn’t be used after 5:30 pm
10 Human life has completely been changed by science and technology
11 The president had a press conference arranged by his advisors REPORTED SPEECH:
ĐẠI TỪ CHỈ THỊ, PHÓ TỪ CHỈ THỜI GIAN, ĐỊA ĐIỂM
Yesterday The day before/ the previous day
Last week The week before/ the previous week
Two days ago Two days before
Last night The night before
Tomorrow The next day/ the following day
Next week The following week
The day after tomorrow In two day’s time
Tonight That night
Here/ overhere There/ overthere
Trang 4Câu hỏi:
Câu hỏi yes/no:
Eg: She asked “Does it take long?”
She asked if/whether it took long
Đổi câu hỏi yes/no sang câu gián tiếp ta dùng if/whether (có hay không) sau đó dùng trật tự từ như câu trần thuật và bỏ dấu hỏi chấm
Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi:
”What are they doing?” he asked me
He asked me what they were doing
Đổi câu hỏi có từ để hỏi sang gián tiếp ta giữ nguyên từ để hỏi sau đó để trật tự từ như câu trần thuật và bỏ dấu hỏi chấm
Câu mệnh lệnh:
Eg: “Go away”, she said to me
She told me to go away
Eg: “Don’t sign the contract”, she said to me
She told/ ordered me not to sign the contract
Exercise 3: Turn these sentences into reported speech
1 “Sales are going well”, said to agent
2 “I have been working in the city for 3 years”, she said
3 “I changed my job because I wanted more responsibility”, Mary said to Tom
4 “I will consider your offer”, the candidate told the personnel manager
5 “Don’t put any calls through to my office”, he said to his assistant
6 “Would you like to come to my party?”, Peter asked Jane (invite)
7 “Could I have the copy of the newest contract?”, the boss asked me
(request)
8 “Why don’t we phone them to inform the news?”, he said (suggest)
Trang 59 “When will the new product be ready?”, asked the director.
10 “Do you feel confident about the project?”, the manager asked Jim
Key: 1 The agent said that sales were going well
2 She said that she had been working in the city for 3 years
3 Mary said to Tom she had changed her job because she had wanted more responsibility
4 The candidate told the personnel manager she would consider her office
5 He told his assistant not to put any calls through to his office
6 Peter invite Jane to come to his party
7 The boss request me to copy of the news contract
8 He suggest phoning them to inform the news
9 The director asked me when the new product would be ready
10 The manager asked Jim if he felt confident about the project
Exercise 4: Comparison
1 Shell group is the most profitable company in the world
No compay
2 BT is not as large as AT&T
AT&T
3 We have never had a better year than this year
4 No electronics company is as successful as Siemens
5 I have never been to such a long meeting
6 That was the most boring presentation I’ve ever heard
7 We have never produced a product as good as this
8 I have never used such a simple program
9 He runs the company more efficiently than his father did
10 We can’t make as much profit from our activities as we could last year
Key: 1 No company in the world is more profitable than shell group
2 AT&T is larger than BT
3 This is the first time we have had a better year than this year
4 Siemens is the most successful electronics company
Trang 65 That was the longest meeting I’ve ever been
6 I have never heard such a boring presentation
7 This product was the best product we have ever produced
8 This is the most simple program I have ever used
9 His father doesn’t run the company as efficiently as him
10 Last year we can make more profit from our activities
Exercise 5: So/ such/ too/ enough
The manual was too complicated for me to understand
= It was such a complicated manual that I couldn’t understand it = The manual was so complicated that I couldn’t understand it = The manual was not simple enough for me to understand it
1 Your products are too expensive for us to stock
2 It was such an unclear fax that he couldn’t read it
3 Your quotation is not low enough for us to accept
4 The project was so risky that they couldn’t go ahead with it
5 Their forecasts are too inaccurate for us to use
6 Rents in the city are so high that we can’t have an office there
7 It is such a small town that we don’t have a branch in it
8 The manager was experienced enough to apply for promotion
Exercise 6: Conditional clauses
1 If the government raises taxes, consumer spending will fall
If
Unless
2 If the shipment arrives tomorrow, I can collect it
If
Unless
Trang 73 Improve your quality or we will stop our contract
If
Unless
4 We will sign the deal tomorrow unless something goes wrong
If
Unless
5 Sarah wishes she were younger to apply for the job position
If
6 We are not the market leader because we don’t spend much on R&D
If
7 I did’t follow his advice I lost a lot of money
If
8 We don’t have the finance We can’t expand rapidly
If
Key: 1 => If the government doesn’t raises, consumer spending won’t fall
=> Unless the government raises taxes, consumer spending will fall
2 => If the shipment doesn’t arrive tomorrow, I can’t collect it
=> Unless the shipment arrives tomorrow, I won’t collect it
3 => if you improve your quality, we won’t stop our contact
=> Unless you improve your quality, we will stop our contact
4 => If something goes wrong, we won’t sign the deal tomorrow
=> Unless something goes wrong, we will sign the deal tomorrow
5 If she were younger, she would apply for the job position
6 If we spent much on R&D, we would be the market leader
7 If I had followed his advice, I couldn’t have lost a lot of money
8 If we had the finance, we could expand rapidly
Mix exercise:
1 We can not afford to purchase that car can afford to do sth: có đủ khả năng để làm gì
That car
2 He started working as a chairman 5 months ago
He has
3 Nobody can deny that she is able to help the company’s bad financial
Trang 8 It can’t
4 They find these plans difficult to implement
It is
5 Samsung’s service is better than that of Sony
Sony’s service
6 Why don’t we simplify our production line?
I suggest
7 It’s possible that our profit will rise dramatically this year
Our prfit
8 He had such bad plans that the bank refused to support him
His plans
9 It is necessary for Abella Co to reinforce its position
Abella Co
10 We continuously order from them because their products are well
designed
We continuously order from them because of
11 It took him nearly a month to find out soutions to help the company
He spent
12 He refused the job offer because of the low salary
He refused
13.We are terribly sorry for the mistakes in delivery
We would like
14 Although the company treated her well, she quit her job
Despite
15 Let’s send them a reminder to ask them to pay for the invoice
How about
16 The director failed to find sources of investment for his company
The director didn’t
17 I like working with foreigners
I am
18 If there aren’t any last minute problems, we will sign the contract today
Unless
19 He showed her around the factory
She
20 The economic situation will continue to improve as long as the
government helps
Because of