Loai dinh cd quy md nhd, tieu bieu la dinh Cd Hfldng, dinh Ndi, dinh Dja Linh, tuy nhien theo ngfldi d i n chd biet: dinh Cd Hfldng xfla dfldc gpi l i dinh h i n g tdng cd quy md ldn nhf[r]
Trang 1CAC Dl TICH T H 6 THANH KHONG LO
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6 NAM DiNH VA THAI BINH
L E T H I T H U HA*
Tren nen t a n g k i n h te ndng nghiep
lfla nfldc, ngfldi Viet (nhi't l i ngfldi
Viet d B i c bd) cd mdt ddi sd'ng v i n hda t i m
linh k h i phong p h u v i d i e s i e Trong he
thd'ng t h a n linh m i hp p h u n g thd ed cae
a n h hflng d a n tdc, cd e i e n h a n vat cd
ngudn gd'c tfl tfl n h i e n va cung khdng ft
c i c a n h hflng v a n hda Dd l i nhflng n h a n
v i t dfldc ngfldi d a n "sang tao" r a tfl nhflng
truyen thuyet, h u y e n thoai v i ca tfl tieu
sfl eua e i e n h a n v i t ljch sfl dfldc lap ghep,
chap ndi vdi n h a u T h i n h Dfldng Khdng
Ld cd le cung l i mdt trong sd' dd Nghien
cflu ve t h i n h Khdng Lp trong ddi sd'ng v i n
hda eua eU d i n duyen h a i B i c Bp, ngUdi
viet da ed djp k h a o s i t rapt so' t i n h duyen
hai, trong dd cd N a m Djnh va T h a i Binh
Qua t r i n h k h a o s a t da giflp chflng tdi cd
mdt c i i nhin cd b a n ve t h a n h Khdng Ld v i
he thd'ng di tieh thd N g i i
Tfl trfldc tdi nay k h i nghien cflu ve c i c
vj t h i n h trong t a m thflc d i n gian c i c n h i
nghien cflu chia t h a n h hai q u a n diem
k h i c n h a u ve h a i vi thien sU thdi Ly la
DUdng Khdng Lp va N g u y i n M i n h Khdng
Nhdm thfl nha't eho r a n g Dfldng Khdng
Lp v i N g u y i n M i n h Khdng l i hai thien sU
cd n i m sinh, n i m mi't k h i c n h a u Nhdm thfl h a i cho r i n g Dfldng Khdng
Ld v i Nguyen M i n h Khdng chi l i rapt Tuy nhien, qua k h a o s i t tfl phfldng dien tin ngfldng va v i n hda tin ngfldng, xua't p h a t tfl t a m thflc d a n gian, d a n cfl tai nhflng ndi thd n g i i khdng ed sfl p h a n biet gifla hai vj t h i e n sfl Dieu n a y t h e Men ri't
rd qua c i c t r u y e n t h u y e t dUde lUu truyen
t r e n g d a n gian va h e thd'ng sac phong cdn luu gifl tai c i c di tich H a u b e t c i c di tieh dfldc gidi thieu t r o n g b i i viet deu cd s i c phong de rd vj t h i n h dfldc thd ed dao p h i p
l i Khdng Lp t h i e n sfl, mac dfl truyen
t h u y e t cd t h e n e u t e n la Khdng Ld thien sfl N g u y i n M i n h K h d n g h a y Dfldng Khdng Ld Ngay ngdi chfla ldn nhfl chfla Keo - T h i i Binh, hay chfla Cd Le - Nam Djnh, thi ben c a n h cae t i i lieu cho r i n g vj
t h i n h td eua chfla l i t h i e n sfl Dfldng Khdng Lp cflng v i n cd nhflng tai lieu chep
r a n g vj t h i n h td la t h i e n sfl N g u y i n Minh Khdng Vi vay, t i c gia b i i viet bfldc dau lfla chpn eac di tich.cd he thd'ng s i c phong neu rd 'vj t h i n h dfldc thd la Khdng Ld dai
p h i p thien sfl qua k h a o s i t d hai t i n h
T h i i Binh, N a m Djnh de gidi thieu trong
Le Thi Thu Ha, NCS TrUdng Dai hoc Van'hoa Ha Noi
Trang 2Le Thi Tlm Hd - Cae di tieh thd thdnh Khong Lo a Nam Dinh vd Thai Binh 63
bai viet n i y
Theo t u lieu tai c i c di tfch n i y , DUdng
Khdng Ld l i mot n h a n v i t ed nMeu g i n bd
vdi c i c iTnh vUe eua ddi sd'ng Ve tdn giio,
n g i i la mot vj thien sU cd nhieu cdng lao
xay dUng kien true P h i t giao va p h a t
trien dao P h a t Vdi cdng ddng cU d i n vung
duyen bai ndi c h u n g va hai t i n h T h i i
Binh, Nam Djnh ndi rieng, ngai cd cdng
lao tren nhieu ITnh vUc nhU: quai de l i n
bien, diet trfl t h u y q u i i , k h a i k h i n di't
hoang, day d i n trdng lua nfldc, d i n h b i t
e i , chfla b e n h cho dan, l i dng td cua nghe
dflc ddng, chfla khdi b e n h cho vua Ly
N h a n Tdng (1072-1128) De ghi nhd
cdng lao eua t h a n h Khdng Ld, xui't p h i t tfl long ngfldng mp v i y thflc tdn vinh nhflng ngfldi cd cdng vdi d i n vdi nfldc, ngfldi ddi s a u d i x i y dflng cae cdng t r i n h kien true de thd Ngai
Khao s i t bfldc dau he thd'ng di tieh ljch sfl- v i n hda t r e n dja b a n t i n h N a m Djnh
v i Thai Binh cho tha'y, cd tdi 28 cdng t r i n h dfldc x i y dflng de thd p h u n g Dudng Khdng
Ld (16 ngdi chfla, 4 ngdi den v i 7 ngdi dinh) Trong so' dd cd nhflng cum di tich gdm ca d i n h - d e n - e h u a nhfl l i n g La Van (huyen Q u y n h P h u , t i n h T h i i Binh), hoac den - chua h a y dinh - chfla nhfl d lang Lfldng H a n (huyen Trflc Ninh, t i n h N a m
BANG 1: DANH M U C CAC NGOI CHUA THO DtTC THANH KHONG LO
STT
1
2
3
4
5
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7
8
9
10
I L
12
13
14
15
16
TEN DI TICH
Chiia E>ia L i n h
Chua Keo
Chiia A m
C h u a Bdn
C h u a Ndi
Chiia Vi Khe
Chiia Keo
Chua Co L i
Chua Ndi
Chua Tay Lac
Chiia Lfldng H a n
Chiia T h a n h A m
C h u a N a m H a
Chiia NghTa Xa
Chiia K i m Q u a t
C h u a L a V a n
DIA DIEM PHAN BO
Xa Quynh Minh, huyen Quynh Phu, t i n h Thai Binh
Xa Duy Nhat, h u y e n Via Thfl, t i n h Thai Binh
Xa V u Tay, h u y e n Kie'n Xfldng, T i n b Thai Binh
Xa Hdng Chau, h u y e n Dong Hflng, t i n h Thai B i n h
Xa Vii Tay, h u y e n Kie'n Xudng, t i n h Thai B i n h
Xa Dien Xa, h u y e n N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Ehnh
Xa Xuan Hdng, huyen Xuan TrUdng, t i n h N a m E)jnh
Xa N a m Trflc, h u y e n Trflc M n h , t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa N a m Thanh, h u y e n N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa Ddng Sdn, h u y e n N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Dinh
Xa Viet Hung, h u y e n Trflc Ninh, t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa N a m Toan, h u y e n N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa T a n Thinh, h u y e n N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m E>jnh
Xa Xuan Ninh, huyen Xuan TrUdng, t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa Trflc Tuan, huyen TrUc M n h , t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa Quynh Hdng, huyen Quynh Phu, Thai Binh
Trang 364 Nghien eifu Dong Nam A 2/2011
BANG 2: DANH MUC CAC NGOI DEN THO DtTC THANH KHONG LO
TAI THAI BINH VA NAM DINH
STT
1
2
3
4
T E N D I T I C H
Den Ngu
Den Long Khe
Den LUdng H a n
Den La V a n
D I A D I E M P H A N BO
Xa Diep Ndng, h u y e n H u n g Ha, Thai B i n h
Xa Q u y n h Thp, huyen Quynh Phu, Thai B i n h
Xa Viet Hung, h u y e n TrUc M n h , t i n h N a m D i n h
Xa Q u y n h Hdng, huyen Q u y n h Phu, Thai B i n h
BANG 3: DANH MUC CAC NGOI DINH T H d DU'C THANH KHONG LO
TAI THAI BINH VA NAM DINH
S T T
1
2
3
4
5
6
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T E N D I T i C H
Efinh Etta Linh
E f i n h L a i T n
EfinhNoi
Efinh Ddng Tri
EXiihLa V a n
Efinh Cd Hfldng
Efinh P h u Tho
DiA D I e M P H A N Bo
Xa Quynh Minh, huyen Q u y n h Phu, t i n h Thai Binh
Xa V u Tay, h u y e n Kie'n XUdng t i n h Thai B i n h
Xa Vii Tay, h u y e n Kie'n Xfldng, t i n h Thai B i n h
Xa V u Dong, h u y e n Kieh Xfldng, t i n h Thai B i n h
Xa Q u y n h Hdng, h u y e n Q u y n h Phu, tiiih T h a i Binh
Xa Yen Phfldng, h u y e n y Yen, t i n h N a m Djnh
Xa T a n Thanh, h u y e n y Yen, t i n h N a m Djnh
Djnh) v i l i n g Noi (huyen Kien Xudng,
tinh Thai Binh) De tien cho viec theo doi,
chflng tdi da lap b a n g theo tflng loai
Qua bang tdng hdp t r e n chd thi'y, m a t
dp p h a n bd' c i c cdng t r i n h thd p h u n g
t h a n h Khdng Lp d N a m Djnh va T h a i
Binh ed sfl k h i c n h a u Ngay trong dja b a n
ciia tflng t i n h c i c di tich n i y ehi t i p t r u n g
d rapt so' huyen TrUdng hdp nhU b t i n h
T h i i Binh c i c di tich t i p t r u n g nhieu d
c i c huyen Quynh P h u v i Kien XUdng d
t i n h N a m Dinh c i c di tich t i p t r u n g nhieu
tai huyen N a m TrUe v i Trflc Ninh Neu
nhin n h i n sfl p h i n bd' c i c di tieh d nhflng
huyen thupc hai t i n h da neu r a t r e n day
qua b a n dd h i n h chinh cd t h e n h i n djnh
r i n g , dd la v u n g k h d n g gian tfldng ddi rpng ldn, la reo di't d i cd thdi ky can ke bien, c i c h u y e n cua t i n h ket ndi vdi n h a u tao t h a n h mpt vdng eung lien h o i n ve# phfldng dien h i n h chinh bdi t r o n g ljch sfl vung di't T h i i Binh Men nay vd'n la rapt
p h a n cfla t i n h N a m Djnh Ve phfldng dien
v i n hda g i n vdi n h i n v i t dfldc thd trong cic di tich, day chinh la ndi tu h a n h v i la que hfldng eua t h i n h Khdng Lp H a u b e t cic di tieh deu n i m c a n h c i c eon sdng ldn nhfl sdng Hdng, sdng T h i i Binh, sdng T r i
Ly, dflng nhfl n h i n djnh cua GS Ngd Dflc Thjnh :"Tinh chi't chung, cd b a n nhi't cfla ddng b i n g sdng Hdng la t i n b chi't mdt
Trang 4Le Thi Tlm Hd - Cae di tieh thd thdnh Khong Lg d Nam Dinh vd Thdi Binh 65
c h i u t h d lan bien do sdng Hdng nhieu
nfldc, nhieu p h u sa khien cho nen v i n hda
l i u ddi cfla ddng b i n g sdng Hdng lai cd sfl
p h i n hda da d a n g tfl ndi n i y den ndi
k h i c " [Vu T u Lap (ehu bien), V i n hda va
cU d i n ddng b a n g sdng Hdng, Nxb KHXH,
1991, tr 97] T r e n thUe te, n g o i i c i c dja
danh tren, viee p h u n g thd t h i n h Khdng
Lp cdn ed a n h hUdng d mpt so' c i c vung
k h i c nhU: Hiep Hda (Bic Giang), N i n h
Giang, P h a Lai (Hai DUdng), Gia Lam,
Hoii Dflc ( H i Ndi) Nhin ehung, c i c di
tich deu p h u n g thd dflc t h a n h Khdng Lp
nhflng d tflng loai di tich lai cd sfl khac
nhau d eac ngdi chfla cd chflc n i n g thd
P h i t , ddng thdi cdn thd t h i n h Khdng Lp
vdi tfl c i c h l i mdt thien sfl va trong nhflng
trfldng hdp e i biet, N g i i cdn la ngfldi dflng
ra xay dflng eae ngdi chfla d cac ngdi den,
ngfldi d i n thd n g i i vdi tfl c i e h nhfl l i mpt
vj t h i n h , nhflng trong mdt so' trfldng hdp
nhfl d den Ldng Khe, den Ddng Tri ( T h i i
Binh) cdn phdi thd t h e m dflc t h i n h T r a n
Hflng Dao, a n h h u n g d a n toe Ly Thudng
Kiet Cdn trong c i c ngdi dinh, ngUdi d i n
thd thd n g i i vdi tU each l i mpt vj T h a n h
h o i n g cua l i n g , trong mpt so' trUdng hdp
ed c i c di tich n g i i dUde phdi thd cflng vdi
cic vj T h i n h h o i n g l i n g da dfldc thd trfldc
dd nhfl di tich d i n h Cd Hfldng (Nam Djnh)
thd t h i n h h o i n g Td'ng Dai T h i n h v i
t h i n h Khdng Ld; d i n h Ddng Tri ( T h i i
Binh) thd Ddng Hai dai vfldng, N a m Hai
dai vfldng va t h a n h Khdng Ld
Sfl Men dien ciia c i c di tieh thd t h i n h
Khdng Lp h i e n nay tfl gdc dp kien trflc ed
the n h a n thi'y mdt so' d i e diem cd b a n sau
d i y : c i c di tich chfla trong tdng so' 16 cdng
t r i n h kie'n true h i e n tdn ed t h e chia l i m ba
loai, loai chfla ldn thudc dang chua cd bd' cue "npi cdng ngoai qud'c", dd l i nhflng chua cd sd lUdng n h i e u gian (tram gian) Tieu bieu cho d a n g nay l i chfla Keo ( T h i i Binh), chfla Keo, chfla Co Le (Nam Djnh)
C i c ngdi chfla d a n g " t r i m gian" n i y ed mpt so'die diem nhU: t r o n g bd'cuc chfla ed
2 ldp edng, edng p h i a n g o i i la d a n g nghi mdn vdi tU c i c h l i edng cua den thd
t h i n h , nghi mdn cdn dUdc gpi la dinh (dflng), bdi h a n g n i m v i o n g i y hpi khi kieu t h i n h dUde rUdc tfl eung t h i n h r a
n g o i i se dflng lai d day de ngfldi d a n lam
le Sau nghi mdn l i T a m q u a n - mpt ddn nguyen kien t r u e g a n vdi ngdi chfla v i
m a n g y nghia triet hpc P h i t giao cao sieu Trong chfla ed k h u thd P h i t va thd t h i n h rieng Ndi thd T h i n h cdn gpi l i dien
t h i n h T r u n g t a m cfla dien t h i n h l i ndi
d i t tUdng t h a n h Tudng thUdng dUde d i t trong mdt k h i m gd d h i u eung, chi cd
k h u d n m a t tUdng dUdc tao h i n h tUdng ddi
h o i n ehinh edn tay c h a n va ngUdi (nha't la ddi c h i n ) chua tao ro h i n h dang, v i n chi
la mpt khuc gd (lien q u a n den c i u chuyen tae d chfla Keo - T h i i Binh) N g o i i ra, trong tdng t h e kien trflc cdn ed hai day
n h i dpc la t a vu, hflu vu He thd'ng c i c di vat trong chfla t h e h i e n ro t i n h chi't rieng ciia mpt ngdi chfla thd t h a n h nhfl ngai thd, k h i m thd, tfldng t h i n h , kieu rUde,
b i t biiu, Id bp, nhi't la he thd'ng s i c phong
- loai di vat khdng thi'y xui't Men trong
c i c dang chfla k h i c Dien h i n h nhfl k h u thd t h i n h (chfla Keo - T h i i Binh) cflng ed bd'cuc nhfl k h u thd P h i t bao gdm tien b i i , d'ng mud'ng v i h i u cung tao t h i n h kieu chfl "cdng" Cac ci'u kien kien true (cot, x i , rudng ) deu ldn hdn k h u thd P h i t Nghe
Trang 566 Nghien eifu Dong NaniA2/201J_
t h u i t t r a n g trf t r e n kien t r u e cung dfldc
q u a n t a m hdn (trfldng hdp dien thd t h i n h
d chfla Ked - N a m Djnh) Ph ia trfldc cum
kie'n true chfl ceng/khu thd t h i n h edn cd
tda kien trflc gpi la tda g i i roi (d chfla Keo
- T h i i Binh) D i y l i edng t r i n h d i e biet ca
ve ten gpi v i chflc n a n g Tda n h a n i y ed
05 gian, hai m a t trfldc s a u de trd'ng tao sfl
thdng t h o i n g Thflc te cdng t r i n h kien
trflc n i y dfldc dflng l i m ndi le te t h a n h
trong djp l i hpi Trong trfldng hdp d c i c
ngdi chfla khdng cd g i i roi thi viee tien
h i n h te t h i n h dfldc thflc Men d phfa trfldc
s i n chfla b a n g viec dflng m i i ehe de l a m
ndi te t h i n h (trfldng hdp nhfl d chfla Co Le
- Nam Djnh)
O nhflng ngdi chfla ed quy md vfla, d i e
biet i i tdng the kien true den - chfla
Lfldng H i n , den thd t h i n h tpa lac d phfa
trfldc Den cd bd'cuc chfl "nhi't", phfa trfldc
cd nghi mdn dfldc xay dflng be t h e , phfa
sau den la chfla Lfldng H a n Tfldng t r u y e n
ngdi chfla trfldc day ri't ldn do chfnh
T h i n h Khdng Ld x i y dflng vao n i m 1042
v i cd thdi gian t u tai d i y Sau khi vien
tjch, ngfldi dan mdi l i p den thd ngai d
phfa trfldc chfla Cung chfnh vi vay, d
chfla Lfldng H i n khdng ed tfldng thd cua
t h i n h nhfl d cac ngdi chfla k h i c N g i n
each gifla den v i chfla phfa sau l i cdng
t a m q u a n kiem g i c chudng ciia chfla
Chfla Npi thupc dang chfla cd kie'n trflc
khdng ldn, bd' cue theo kieu chfl "cdng"
gdm tien dfldng, thieu hfldng va thfldng
dien, phfa trfldc cum kien true chfl edng l i
edng t a m quan, n h i n vao kieu d i n g eua
cdng t a m q u a n ed dang t h e gan vdi nghi
mdn hdn la t a m q u a n d eac ngdi chfla
k h i c Tfldng P h i t dUde b i i tri d t e a d'ng
mud'ng, so' lUdng tUdng ft chi gdm cd 4 ldp tupng, t r e n cung la b a pho tUdng T a m t h e , tiep de'n l i bp Di D i t a m tdn, rdi tfldng Quan Am c h u a n de va eudi cflng l i tfldng Thich Ca sd sinh Tda h i u cung dfldc d a n h rieng de thd t h i n h v i cflng la ndi thflc Men nghi le te t h i n h v i o djp l i hpi Tfldng
t h i n h dfldc d i t d t r u n g t a m eua tda h i u eung, dfldc t a o h i n h dfldi d a n g mpt ngfldi lam nghe c h i i Ifldi, m i n h t r a n ddng khd' cd rapt dai ao v i t cheo q u a vai t h e Men t h i n
t h e cfldng t r i n g , khde m a n h , tfldng ngdi
t r e n ngai thd h a i c h i n budng thdng khdng
di giay, h a i t a y d i t flp t r e n d a u gdi Dang nhflng chfla nhd, dien h i n h nhfl chfla Kim Q u i t , chfla T h a n h Am (Nam Djnh) khdng thi'y xui't hien nghi mdn m i chi ed t a m q u a n dfldc xay dflng k h i ddn gian N g d i i r a , t r d n g chfla k h d n g cd nhflng ddn n g u y e n kien trflc d a n h rieng eho thd P h i t cung nhfl thd t h i n h , vi vay viee b i i t r i P h i t dien d day cung ed sfl
k h i c biet vdi d a n g kie'n trflc chfla ldn da neu d t r e n , viec s i p d i t tfldng thd thfldng dfldc bd' t r i nhfl sau: d gian t r u n g t i m l i
d i n h rieng de b i i trf he thd'ng tfldng P h i t , ben t r i i P h a t dien l i b a n thd dflc t h i n h (trfldng hdp chfla T h a n h Am), d mdt dang chfla loai nhd k h i c viec b i i trf tUdng thd lai cd sU k h i c biet, t r e n cflng eua P h i t dien l i ba pho T a m t h e , phfa dfldi l i tfldng eiia dflc t h i n h (trfldng hdp chfla Kim
Q u i t ) Diem khac biet cua nhflng ngdi chfla thd T h i n h n i y so vdi cae ngdi chfla k h i c
l i , cho dfl ed quy md ldn h a y nhd thi h i n g
n a m deu td chflc le hpi tfldng niem dflc
t h a n h Le hdi dUdc td chflc vao mot ngav
n i o dd nhu: n g i y hda, ngay dflc t h i n h
Trang 6Le Thi Thu Ha - Cae di tich thd thdnh Khdng Lo a Nam Dinh vd Thdi Binh 67
chuyen rdi di khdi l i n g vdi quy md ldn
nhd k h i c n h a u cd a n h hfldng den p h a m vi
rapt vflng nhfl l i hpi chfla Keo ( T h i i
Binh), c h u a Keo, chfla Co L i (Nam Djnh),
hoac qui md nhd trong p h a m vi l i n g nhfl
chfla Kim Q u i t , chfla T i y Lac Vao djp le
hpi cpng ddng cfl d i n td chflc le rUde
thanh, te t h i n h , ke hanh/dpe nhflng b i i
chuyen thd ndi ve cupc ddi v i cdng lao cua
dflc t h i n h vdi ngfldi d i n dja phfldng v i vdi
qud'c gia N g o i i viee td chflc c i c nghi thflc
nghi le, tai c i c ngdi chfla edn td chflc c i c
trd ehdi, trd dien r a t d i e s i c nhfl trd bdi
chai dfldi nfldc de tfldng nhd cdng lao eua
dflc t h i n h , cheo chai can de c h a u t h i n h ,
chem dau ngfl cdng de ghi nhd edng lao
cua ngai k h i diet trfl thiiy quai, t h i n e m
p h i o , thdi cdm t h i
Bang thd'ng ke so' 2 cho biet Men nay cd
4 ngdi den thd t h i n h Khdng Ld dUde ehia
t h i n h 2 loai: vfla va nhd, tieu bieu cho loai
quy md vfla l i den Lfldng H i n (Nam
Djnh), den Long Khe ( T h i i Binh) v i quy
md nhd la# den Ngfl ( T h i i Binh) Le hdi d
cac ngdi den nay dfldc dien r a v i o thdi
gian tfldng flng vdi thdi gian td chflc le hpi
d cic ngdi chfla v i cae trd dien eung ri't da
dang v i phong phfl C i biet nhfl den Long
Khe, thdi gian td chflc le hdi d i i n r a v i o
t h i n g ba i m ljch; vi the, viec l a m ro ly do
cua thdi gian md hpi n i y v i n can cd thdi
gian de nghien cflu va chflng tdi se edn trd
lai vi'n de n i y
Bang thd'ng ke so' 3 cho biet Men nay cd
7 ngdi dinh thd t h i n h Khdng Lp, trong dd
cd dinh Lai Tri (Thai Binh) la ngdi dinh
quy md ldn, bao gdm: tien te, t r u n g te,
nha vudng, h i u cung, h a i d i y t a hflu vu
dfldc tiep ndi tfl h a i gian ben cfla tda tien
te v i khep kin vdi tda h a u eung tao t h i n h mdt bd' cue m i t b a n g kieu chfl " k h i u " ( ) Qua c i c tfl lieu edn lai nhfl s i c phong,
v i n bia v i hoa v a n t r a n g tri t r e n kien true, ta ed t h e x i c djnh nien dai khdi dflng cua dinh l i v i o eudi t h e ky XVII D i e biet, dinh Lai Tri Men cdn luu gifl dfldc t r e n 30 dao s i e phong cd g i i trj cho viec nghien cflu, npi d u n g cua c i c dao s i e phong deu
phong eho dflc t h i n h l i Dgi phdp, Qud'c
phdp thiin sU vi nhflng edng lao ddng gdp
cho d i n cho nfldc Nhflng ngdi dinh edn lai
l i nhflng ngdi d i n h cd quy md vfla va nhd nhfl: dinh P h u Thp, dinh Ddng Tri, dinh
La Van Hai ngdi d i n h Phfl Thp v i Ddng Tri l i dang kien trflc cd bd' cue kieu chfl
"dinh", bao gdm tda tien te v i h i u eung Tfldng t h a n h dfldc thd d tda H i u cung Rieng dinh La V i n cd bd' cue tdng the k h i c vdi eae ngdi dinh trong b a n g 3 da thd'ng
ke, dinh La Van n i m trong tdng the Men trflc dinh - den - chfla La V i n Dinh va chfla dfldc ket ndi theo bd' cue h i n h chfl
"dinh" d p h i a trfldc, theo ngfldi d i n cho biet day l i cum kien t r u e dfldc xay dflng dau tien C i n cfl v i o phong each kien trflc
v i c i c di v i t nhfl bia d i , n h a n g i n trong dinh cd t h e x i c djnh dfldc nien dai cfla cum kien t r u e n i y v i e t h e ky XVII d cum kien true nay, ngai thd ciia dflc
T h i n h dfldc b i i t r i d tda n h a phia trfldc, tfldng P h i t dfldc b i i t r i d tda phia s a u va
cd rapt khdng gian n g i n c i c h gifla h a i k h u vflc b i i tri tfldng P h a t v i ngai thd cfla
T h i n h Sau n i y , ngfldi dan dja phfldng bd sung t h e m mot ddn nguyen kien true gpi
l i den thd t h i n h Khdng Ld d phia sau cum kien trflc n i y d dd, tUdng t h a n h dUde d i t
d vj tri t r u n g t a m , dUde tao h i n h dang mdt
Trang 768 Nghien edit Dong Nam A 2/20U_
vi thien sU NhU vay rd r i n g d cum kien
trflc n i y dflc t h i n h da the Men vdi b a
chflc n i n g g i n vdi cupc ddi eua n g i i , thfl
nha't l i mdt vj thien sU g i n vdi chua La
V i n , thfl hai l i T h a n h h o i n g eua l i n g vi
da cd cdng day d a n trdng lfla va d i n h b i t
c i , thfl ba la vj T h a n h vi cd t i i n i n g va t r i
tue xua't chung." Loai dinh cd quy md
nhd, tieu bieu la dinh Cd Hfldng, dinh Ndi,
dinh Dja Linh, t u y n h i e n theo ngfldi d i n
chd biet: dinh Cd Hfldng xfla dfldc gpi l i
dinh h i n g tdng cd quy md ldn nhflng Men
nay dinh dfldc xay dflng lai vdi bd'cuc kien
trflc nhd Ba ngdi dinh n i y cd bd' cue kien
trflc theo kieu chfl "dinh" gdm ed tda tien
te v i h i u eung H a u cung b i i t r i ngai thd
t h i n h v i e i e dd thd k h a c H i n g n i m tai
eie ngdi dinh, ngfldi d a n trong l i n g deu td
chflc le hpi tfldng niem n g i y hda cua dflc
t h i n h ; tuy nhien quy md le hpi chi m a n g
t i n b c h i t le hpi l i n g , khdng m a n g t i n h
c h i t le hdi cua vflng hoac lien l i n g nhfl le
hdi d eie ngdi chfla ldn C i c nghi le dfldc
thflc Men bao gdm: le rfldc, le te t h a n h
h o i n g eiia l i n g , bdi chai (trfldng hdp nhfl
dinh Lai Tri) Diem d i n g lflu y d day la t a i
eie dinh, ngUdi chu t r i c i c cupc le la do
ngUdi dan trong l i n g lUa chpn Trong k h i
dd, le hpi d cac ngdi chua cd sfl t h a m gia
cua tfn dd/phat tfl tfl c i c ndi va ngfldi ehu
tri cupc le la e i e n h i sfl t r u tri tai chfla
(trfldng hdp d chfla Cd Le) Bfldc dau dd
cflng l i sfl k h i c biet gifla le hdi chfla vdi le
hdi den v i le hpi dinh
Tfl nhflng gidi thieu k h a i q u i t t r e n
day, bai viet r u t r a mot so' n h a n djnh nhfl
sau: cac di tich thd t h a n h Khdng Ld da
dang ve t h e Idai, t i p t r u n g d i m d i e d mdt
so' huven thudc hai t i n h Thai Binh va
N a m Djnh C i c di tich chua, den, dinh deu cd nhflng d i e diem rieng ve kien true
va bai tri dien thd De tUdng niem cdng lao cfla n h a n vat dUde thd, h a n g n i m d cac di tich n i y deu td chflc le hpi vdi c i c nghi thflc, nghi le t r a n g nghiem cung vdi eac trd dien ed lien q u a n den cupc ddi eua dflc
t h a n h , dd c h i n h l i nhflng n e t tieu bieu rieng biet eua c i c le hpi n i y , n g o i i r a d eie
di tieh cdn td chflc eae trd ehdi, e i e dien xfldng n g h e t h u i t d a n gian Nhflng le hpi
n i y dfldc cdi la mpt Men tfldng van hda tieu bieu cd vai trd q u a n t r p n g trong ddi sd'ng v i n hda cua cpng dong cfl d a n ndi ed
c i c di tich thd t h i n h Vi'n de d a t r a hien nay, can p h a i cd e i e giai p h a p de bae tdn
v i p h i t h u y e i e di tieh thd t h i n h Khdng
Lp nhfl nhflng di s a n v i n hda truyen thd'ng cua d a n tpc t a ndi e h u n g v i eua cpng ddng cfl d i n v u n g duyen hai Bae Bp ndi rieng./
TAI L I E U T H A M K H A O
1 T r i n Lam Bien (1996), Chua Viet Nxb
VHTT, Ha Npi
2 Pham Dflc Duat (1984) " Su tich Khong Lp Minh Khong qua quyen sach chfl Han mdi
sifu tim" Tgp chi Hdn Nom so 2
3 Pham Thi Thu Hifdng (2007), NhUng ngoi
chiia" tiin Phdt hau Thdnh" d viing chau thd Bae Bg" Luan an tie'n si Van hda hpc
4 Ngd Dflc Thinh (chu bien, 1993), Vdn hda
viing vd phdn viing vdn hda d Viet Nam
Nxb KHXH, Ha Npi
5 Ngo Dflc Thinh (chu bien, 2001), Tin
ngUdng vd vdn hda tin ngUdng d Viet Nam
Nxb KHXH, Ha Noi