Tuyển tập các câu hỏi tự luận và trắc nghiệm lịch sử 12 phần 1

- Th§in vao d6, ckc nudc phufang Tay do Mi cam ddu da thuc hign chinh sach thu dich vdi Lien X6: Tien hanh "chien tranh lanh", r^o riet chay dua vu trang - Ngo^i ra, Li§n X6 c6n phai la

rhdn L L f C H SIT T H ^ Q l d l chi^tmgi. B 6 ' I C A N H QUdc T1&'

S A U C H I E N T R A N H T B M GI6I THtT H A I

0^/7 TRAT THE Gidl MCll SAU CHIEN TRANH

I, CAU H6I T^f LUAN

C&a 1: Trinh bay hoan ckhh d&n din H^i nghi I-an-ta? NhOng quyg't

nghi cua H^i nghi?

- Khi Chi§n tranh the gidi lin thuT hai btfdc v^o giai doan s^p k§'t thuc, m6t s6'

vfi'n dS cSp thi§'t dat ra cho cAc nifdc D6ng minh:

+ K§'t thuc nhanh chi§n tranh d chSu Au, chfiu A - Thdi Binh Duang

+ To churc lai trSt tif th§' gidi mdi sau chi§'n tranh

+ PhSn chia khu virc ddng qufin, phfin chia pham vi dnh hudng

- Trong boi cdnh d6, hoi nghi cS'p cao cua 3 cUdng qu6'c: Li§n X6, Mi, Anh dien

ra tai I-an-ta tif ngfiy 04 d^n 12 - 02 - 1945

- H6i nghi da di din nhOmg quylt dinh sau dSy:

+ V I vi§c k i t thuc Chiln tranh t h i gidi thuf hai: H6i nghi thing nha't Ik

ti§u di§t tan goc chu nghia phdt xit Diifc vk chu nghia qukn phi^t Nhat D l nhanh

chdng k i t thuc chiln tranh, Li§n X6 se tham chiln chong Nh$t sau khi chiln

tranh da k i t thiic d ch&u Au

+ Phan chia khu vifc ddng quan d l gidi gidp quan phdt xit vk phan chia

pham vi dnh hudng d chau Au va chau A

- NhOng quylt dinh cua H6i nghi I-an-ta da dSn tdi sir hinh thanh mot trat tif

t h I gidi mdi, duoc goi la : "Trat tif hai cUc I-an-ta"

Cdu 2: Hoan cknh ra d&i, muc dich hoat dpng va nguySn t^c cua to chiic

LiSn Hi^p Qud'c?

* Hodm cdnh ra ddi:

- Ddu 1945, Chiln tranh t h I gidi thd hai s^p budc vao giai doan k i t thuc; cac

nirdc D6ng minh va nhan dan t h I gidi c6 nguyen vong gin giOr h6a binh, ngSn

chan nguy ccJ chiln tranh t h I gidi mdi

- Tai Hoi nghi I-an-ta (02 - 1945) ckc vi ddng ddu 3 cudng quie: Lien X6, Mi,

Anh da thing nha't thanh lap m6t t^ chiJc quic t l mang t§n Li§n Hi^p Quic de

gin giOr h6a binh, an ninh va trat tU t h I gidi sau chiln tranh

- Tir 25 - 4dS'n 26 - 6 - 1945, h6i nghi dai bilu cua 50 nifdc da hop tai

Xan-phcf-rang-xi-c6 d l thdng qua hiln chUcfng Lien Hi§p QuIc, thanh lap to chute

Li§n Hiep Quoc Ngay thanh lap Lien Hi$p Quoc 24 - 10 - 1945 va la ngay Hien

chifcfng c6 hi§u lijfc

* Muc dich hoat dong:

- Buy tri h6a binh va an ninh t h I gidi

- Thuc d^y quan h$, hCTu nghi va hdp tac giOra ckc nirdc tr§n cO sd t6n trong

quyin dan toe tir quylt va quyin binh ding giOa cac qu6c gia '^•f''

* Nguyin tdc:

- Quyin binh d i n g giOTa qu6c gia cdc quyin dfin t^c tif quyet

- T6n trong to&n ven ISnh th6 d^c Ifip chinh t r i ciia tS't ci c&c nUdc

- G i i i quyS't quyS't tranh chtfp quo'c te bling phuong ph&p h6a binh

- Ph&i c6 sU nha't t r I giOa 05 cUdng qu6c : Lifen Xa, M i , Anh, Phdp, Trung QuCic

- Li§n Higp Quoc khong can thiep vao cong vi$c n6i bo ciia bfi't ciJf nude n^o

Cfiu 3 TvC thdng 5 nim 1945 d§'n thang 10 nfim 1949, tinh h i n h nvCdc DuTc

dvtffc giai quyet nhrf th§' nko7

- Yho ngky 9 - 5 - 1945, nUdc Dure ph^t xit bi Dong minh ddnh bai d B6c-lin

Chi§'n tranh th§' gidi t h d hai kd't thuc d mat trkn chau ^ u

- Sau k h i Chien tranh thS' gidi thd hai kS't thdc, va'n d l nUde Ddc t r d th&nh

vSn d l trung tfim trong nhieu cuoc gSp gd giOTa cAc nguyen thu ba cUdng quoc

Li§n X6, M l Anh

- Tai Hoi nghi Pot-xdam (7 - 1945), ba cUdng quoc da khdng dinh:

+ Nude DiJfc phai t r d th^nh mot qud'c gia th6'ng nhfi't, h6a binh, dfin chu

+ Tieu diet tfin gd'c ehu nghia phdt xit

+ Thoa thufin viec phfin chia cdc khu vUc chi§'m ddng vk kiem sodt nude

Ddc sau chi§'n tranh

- Th^ng 12 - 1946, M i vfi Anh da tien hanh rigng re viec hcfp nhfi't hai khu

VUC chiem ddng ciia minh nhfim ehia cfit Ifiu dfii nUdc Diire Cuoi eung, thfing 9

-1949, M l , Anh, Phfip da hcfp nhfi't cfic vung chi§'m ddng vfi Ifip ra N h ^ nUdc Cong

h6a Lien bang Ddc

- d Dong Ddc, vdi sU giiip dd cua Li§n X6, cfic luc lUcfng dfin ehu da thfinh Ifip

Nh^ nude COng h6a Dan chu Ddc vfio th^ng 10 - 1949

- N h u vfiy, tii nfim 1949 tr§n lanh tho nUdc Ddc da xufi't hien hai nhfi nUde

Dure vdi che do chinh t r i va con dudng phfit tri^n khfic nhau

Cau 4 Sri h i n h thanh hai h? thd'ng xa hpi chii nghia va tuf b a n chii nghia

sau Chi§'n t r a n h th6' gidri thuf hai nhri the nao?

Sau Chien tranh th§' gidi t h d hai, cfic nUdc Ddng Au da ti§'n hfinh n h i l u cdi

cfich dfin chu quan trong di cfii tao xa hoi chu nghia

Dong thdi Lien X6 da cung cfie nude Ddng Au k i k§'t n h i l u hi^p Ude tay doi v l

kinh te nhU trao doi buon bfin, vien tro lUdng thUc, thUc phfi'm, mdi quan he giOTa

Lien X6 vfi cfie nude Dong Au ngay cfing eung cd, tifng budc hinh th^nh he thong

cfie nude dfin ehu nhfin dan - xa hoi chu nghia NhU the, ehii nghia xa hoi da

vU^t ra khoi pham v i mot nUdc va t r d thanh he tho'ng the gidi

Sau Chien tranh the' gidi thd hai, efic nUde Tfiy Au bi chien tranh tfin phfi

n^ng ne Cfic nUdc nay deu rfi't edn tien von, thiet bi mdy mde vfi hang tiSu dung,

lUdng thue, thue pham nhkm khoi phuc nen kinh tg' vfi giai quyet khd khfin trong

ddi song nhfin dfin

- Vfio luc dd, M l de ra "K6' hoach phuc hung chfiu A u " nhkm vien tro cho cfic

nude Tfiy Au khdi phuc kinh te, dong thdi tfing cUdng anh hudng va sU kho'ng che

cua M l do'i vdi cfie nude nfiy

- Cfic nude Tfiy Au k h i nhfin vi§n trcr cua M i da t r d thfinh dong minh cua M i ,

ttf dd hinh thfinh hS tho'ng t u ban chu nghia do M i dilng diu

,

6

I I C A U H 6 I T R X C N G H l f i M

cau 1 H p i nghi ca'p cab cua ba cvCtfng qud'c L i S n X6, M i , A n h ttf ngay 4

dS'n ngay 12 - 2 - 1945 tai dfiu?

A Tai Oa-sinh-tcfn (Mi) B Tai I-an-ta (Lien X6)

C Tai Pdt-xaam (Dde) D Tai Lufin Don (Anh)

cau 2 G h i ten ngvCHi dring dfiu ba nvlcfc tham dri H p i nghi ca'p cao ciia

ba cricfng qud'c L i e n X6, Mi, A n h

Ba CUdng quoc Ten dai biiu du Hoi nghi

1) Lien X6 2) M i 3) Anh

A

C

cau 3 De ket thuc nhanh chig'n tranh b chau A u v a chau A - T h a i B i n h

DiTorng, ba criofng quoc da thd'ng nha't muc dfch gi?

A Sijr dung bom nguyen td de tieu diet phfit xit Nhfit

B Hong qufin Lien Xo nhanh ehdng tfi'n cong vao tan sfio huyet cua phfit xit Ddc d Bee-lin

C. Tieu diet tfin gdc chu nghia phfit xit Ddc vfi qufin phiSt Nhfit

D Ta't ca cfic muc dich tren

cau 4 H a y di^n vao ch6 trong cAc chu sau day:

A De nhanh ehdng ket thuc chien tranh d chfiu Au vfi chfiu A - Thdi Binh Duong vfi so tham chig'n ehdng Nhfit d chau A - Thdi Binh Duong

B Ba CUdng qud'c thd'ng nhfi't thfinh lap t6 chdc di^a trSn sU nhfi't t r i

cua 5 CUdng quo'c Lien Xd, M i , Anh, Phfip va Trung Qud'q^, '^'2 -,

C. Hoi nghi tien den thoa thufin viec ddng qufin tai cfie nUde nh^m giai gifip qufin doi phfit xit vfi phfin chia pham vi anh hUdng d

cau 5 Theo quy dinh ciia H Q I nghi I-an-ta, quan dpi nwfdrc nao se chig'm dong cac vung l a n h tho T a y Dric, I-ta-Ii-a, Nhat B a n , Nam T r i e u T i d n sau Chi§'n t r a n h the gidri thuT hai?

A Lien Xd B Anh C M i D Phfip

cau 6 Theo quy dinh ciia Hpi nghi I-an-ta, quan dpi nridrc nao se chiem dong cac vung Dong Diifc, Ddng A u , Ddng B S c T r i l u T i e n sau C h i e n tranh the gidri thiif hai?

A Lien Xd B Anh C M i D Phfip

cau 7 B a crioTng quoc L i e n Xd, Mi, A n h thd'ng nhat thanh l?ip to' chuTc

L i d n Hrip Qud'c tai hpi nghi nao?

A Hdi nghi I-an-ta (Lien Xd) : 9-2-1945

B Hoi nghi Xan-pha-rfirig-xi-cd (Ml) : 4-6-1945

C. Hpi nghi Pot-xdam (Dde) : 7-8-1945

D A, B d u n g

cau 8 Nhipm v u c h i n h l a duy tri hoa binh v a an n i n h the gidri, phat

•tri^n md'i quan hp gii^a cac dfin tpc trdn cor sdr tdn trong dpc l|lp, chii

q u y i n ciia cac dan tpc v a thric hipn hcfp tac qud'c te've k i n h te, vdn hoa,

xa hpi va n h a n dao la n h i e m vii chinh ciia:

A L i S n m i n h chfiu A u B H o i n g h i I - a n - t a

C A S E A N D L i d n H a p Quoc

c a u 9 Hay n o i n p i d u n g diidri day c h o p h u h ^ v d i m u c d l c h v a n g u y ^ n

*tdc h o ^ t d p n g c i i a to chuTc Lifen Hofp Q u d c

N6i dung

1 Mgc dlch

2 Nguy§n t^c

A Quy^n blnh d i n g giOa c^c qu6'c gia quyin dSn t6c ti^ quy§'t

B T6n trpng toSn v^n lanh thd d6c lap chlnh tn cua tS't ca cac ni/dc

C Duy tri nen hda binh an ninh the gidi

D G\k\t cAc tranh chap quoc te bang phudng phap hoa binh

E Thuc d l y quan h§ hufu nghi va hdp t^c giOfa cac nifdc tren cd

sd t6n trpng quyen binh d i n g giCa cac qud'c gia va nguyen

t i c dSn toe ti^ quyet

F Khong can thiep v^o cong viec n6i b6 cua bat cijf nude nao

c a u 10 G h i d u n g ( D ) h o ^ c s a i (S) v a o c a c 6 dSt trtfoTc n h i f n g c a u s a u day

vi v i ^ c gild q u y e t vaii d e c a c nriete p h a t x i t chifen b a i s a u C h i e n t r a n h t h e

g i d i t h v r h a i

• A N o i d u n g v& t i n h th&n ca b a n cua vi§c g i a i quyet v S n d l nUdc Diic 1^

quy d i n h nhOng n g u y e n tic vk b i e n p h d p n h k m dfin c h u h 6 a va h5a

• G TiS sau h 6 i n g h i cfi'p cao I-an-ta d§'n H 6 a ddc P a - r i , ckc nUdc D 6 n g m i n h

da thi§'t Ifip m o t t r S t t d t h e g i d i m d i sau chig'n t r a n h

B GiOr vCTng n e n h d a b i n h , a n n i n h t h e g i d i sau chiS'n t r a n h

C X o a d i u t i n h t h d n da'u t r a n h ciia cong nhkn d ckc nddc t i f hkn c h u n g h i a

D Chd'ng p h o n g t r ^ o g i d i p h d n g d a n toe d M i L a - t i n h

c a u 13 T h d ' n a o l a " C h i d ' n t r a n h l^nh" do M I p h a t d p n g t h e o phtfofng

thtfc d ^ y d i i nhat?

A C h u ^ n b i gky r a m o t cu6c c h i e n t r a n h th§' g i d i m d i

B D u n g sdc m a n h q u a n s d de de doa dd'i phufong

C T h u c tS' ehua gfiy chi§n t r a n h , nhtftig chay dua v u t r a n g l a m cho n h f i n l o a i

A Nudc Ddc dugc h o a n t o a n t h o n g nha't

B Nudc Ddc da t i e u di§t t a n goe chu n g h i a p h a t x i t

C M i , A n h , P h a p h o p nha't cac v u n g chig'm d6ng

C a u 1: Nhang thanh t\fa chii y§'u trong c6ng cupc xSy diAig chii nghia

xa hpi d Li6n X6 tii sau Chi^'n tranh th#' gioTi thuT hai den giCa nhijfng

nam 1970?

- Sau Chien tranh the gidi thdf hai vdi i\i the cua ngif&i chien th.L g, uy tin

chinh t r i vk dia vi quoc tS' cua Li§n X6 dugc nang cao

- Tuy nhien chien tranh da t^n ph^ dat nUdfc vdi nhCfng ton that nang n l , to Idn:

+ 20 trieu ngucri chg't

+ 1710 th^nh pho v^ hon 70.000 Ikng m a c hi tiSu huy, gAn 32.000 nh^

+ B(3i song gap nhieu kh6 khan, thi&'u thon

- Th§in vao d6, ckc nudc phufang Tay (do Mi cam ddu) da thuc hign chinh sach

thu dich vdi Lien X6: Tien hanh "chien tranh lanh", r^o riet chay dua vu trang

- Ngo^i ra, Li§n X6 c6n phai lam nghia vu giup dS cdc nUdc xa hoi chu nghia

v^ ung ho phong trao giai phdng dan t5c trSn th&' gidi

- De dua dat nudc vuot qua khd khan, nhan dan Lien X6 da khan trUcfng tien

h^nh h^n gdn vet thuong chien tranh, xay dung lai dat nUdc, hoan thanh thang

lai ke hoach 5 nam khoi" phuc kinh tg' (1946 - 1950) trong vong 4 nam 3 th^ng

- TU nam 1950, Lien X6 thUc hien nhieu ke hoach d^i han nham tiep tuc xay

dung CO sd vat chat - ki thuat cua chu nghia xa hoi va da thu duoc nhieu thanh

tUu to Idn

- Ve cong nghiep: DengiOa nhOng nam 1970, Lien X6 trd thanh cUdng quoc

cong nghiep dUng thU hai tren the gidi (sau Mi) chiem khoang 20% t6ng sAn

luong cong nghiep the gidi

- Ve nong nghiep: Rieng 1970, Lien X6 dat dUOc san lUcfng va nang suS't ngu

coc chua titog c6 vdi 186 trieu ta'n ngu coc va nang suKt trung binh 15,6 ta/h6cta

- Vi khoa hoc - ki thuat: Lien X6 dat nhiSu dinh cao d cdc linh vUc vat ly, hda hoc,

dien tu^, dieu khien hoc, khoa hoc vu tru Nam 1957 la nifiJc ddu tien phdng thanh

cong ve tinh nhan tao cua Tr^i da't, md ddu ki nguyen chinh phuc vu tru cua loai

ngudi Nam 1960 dUa nh^ du hanh vu tru Ga-ga-rin bay vong quanh Trdi Dat

• - Lien X6 ddng d^u th§' gidi ve trinh do hoc vS'n cua nhSn dan vdi 3/4 dan so

c6 trinh do dai hoc va trung hoc, tren 30 trieu ngUdi lam viec tri 6c, cong nhan

chiem hon 1/2 so ngUdi lao dong trong ck nUdc

- DIU nam 1970, bkng viec ki ket vdi Mi ckc hiep udc ve han che h§ thong

10

chiS'n luoc, LiSn Xa da dat ducfc thS' cfin b^ng chiS'n lucre ve sUc manh qufin sU ndi

chung va sure manh luc lucrng hat nhan ndi rieng vdi ckc nudc phuang Tfiy

c a u 2: Tinh hinh kinh t§' - xa h^i d Lien X6 tit nufa sau nhffng nSm 1970

dfe'n 1985 nhvf the nao?

- Nam 1973 cuoc khung hoang ddu md nghi§m trong da n6 ra khdi dIu cu6c

khdng hoang chung cua toan the gidi tren nhieu mat kinh tg', chinh tri, tai chinh dat ra cho nhSn loai nhilu vfi'n de cfi'p thig't can giai quyet:

+ Su phat triln manh me ciia cuoc cdch mang khoa hoc ki thuat, ddi hdi

cac qud'c gia phai cd nhufng dieu chinh Idn ve moi mat de thich Ung vdi tinh hinh,

sU giao luu, hop tac quoc t§' ngay cang phdt trig'n theo xu hudng quoc tS' hoa cao

- Song nhOhg ngudi lanh dao Dang v^ NhA nUdc Lien Xd chu quan cho r&ng:

quan he san xuS't xa hoi chu nghia khong chiu sU ike dong cua cuoc khung hoang

toan the gidi, do dd cham thich Ung, cham sufa doi Tren thUc te mo hinh va co

ch6' cu cua chu nghia xa hoi vg kinh te, chinh t r i , xa hoi ducrc hinh thanh trudc

cS'p la tinh trang thieu dan chii, thieu cong b^ng vi pham nghiem trong phdp ch6'

xa hoi chu nghia va nhilu te nan khdc da gay nen sU ba't man trong nhSn dan,

da't nudc lam vao tinh trang "tri tre" k6o dai, lUdng thuc thUc pha'm phai nhap tU cac nude phucrng Tay Ddi song nhan dfin cang giam sut

c a u 3: Cong cupc cai to d Lien X6 ttf ndm 1985 den 1991 nhtf thg' nao?

H § u qua cua no?

Dau 1985, Go6c-ba-chdp len nAm quyen lanh dao D^ng va Nha nUde Lign X6

da tien hanh cong cuoc cai to

- Cuoc cai to duoc tig'n hanh tren cac mat chinh tri, xa hdi nhU: thiet lap chS'

dd tdng thong tap trung n^m moi quyen lUc, thUc hien da nguyen, da dang ve

chinh tri, de cao dan chu va cong khai ve kinh te: Chinh phu Lien Xd dUa ra nhieu phucfng an nh^m chuyin big'n nen kinh tg' Xd viet sang co che thi trUdng

nhung chua thuc hien duoc gi, trong khi dd quan he kinh te cu bi phd vd ma c&c

quan he kinh tg' mdi chua hinh thanh

- Trong gin 6 thdng tig'n hanh, cong cuoc cki to ngay cang lun sau vao be t^c

do va'p phai nhieu khd khan, trd ngai: Su suy sup ve kinh tg' keo theo nhUng khd

khan ve chinh tri va nhUng te nan xa hoi, mau thuan va xung dot giOa cac dan

tdc dSn den hien tUcrng l i khai cua mot so' nudc cong hda ra khdi Lign bang X6

vigt: Lit-va, Es-to-ni-a, Lat-vi-a; sU chia re va hinh thanh cac phe phai trong ngi

bd Dang Cong san Lien X6 cung su xuat hien mot loat dang phai vdi nhieu xu hudng chinh tri khac nhau trong xa hoi; sU ngdc dau day cua cac the lUc chdng

chij nghia xa hoi

Ta't ca da dat da't nUdc X6 vie't trUdc nhOng khd khan va thOf thach nghigm trdng, dac biet vao dau thap nien 90

- Ngay 19 - 8 - 1991, mot so ngUdi lanh dao Ding, Nha nUdc Xo vig't da tien nanh cudc dao chinh lat do Go6c-ba-chdp Cuoc dao chinh tha't bai nhanh chdng (21 - 8) Sau dd, Oodc-ba-chd'p tU chUc Tdng bi thu Dang Cong san Lien Xd

11

B&ng C6ng s&n Li§n Xa bi dinh chi boat dSng trong tokn lifen bang; chinh

quyen X6 viet bi giai th§' Ma&i m6t nifdc Cong ho^ tuyen b6' d6c lap

M6t Ikn s6ng chong Ddng, chong chu nghia xS h6i dfi'y l§n trong ntfdc

- Ng&y 21 - 12- 1991, t a i thu d6 An-ma-ta (Ca-dac-xtan) nhufng ngUdi iSnh dao

11 nifdc cpng hoa k i Hiep dinh v l gidi t ^ n Li§n bang X6 vi§'t th^nh lap Cong

d6ng cAc quoc gia doc lap (SNG)

- Ngay 25 - 12 - 1991, T6ng th6ng Go6c-ba-ch6'p phdi tuyen bo tif chufc va cung

ngay l a cd do bua Hem tr§n n6c dien Krem-li bi ha xuong, danh da'u sU sup d6

cua m6 hinh che dp xa hoi chu nghia x6 vi&'t va sU tan v9 cua Lien bang C6ng h6a xa

h6i chu nghia X6 vi&'t

Cau 4: Stf khung ho^ng r6i sup do ciia chii nghia xa h^i of Dong Au diln

ra nhtf th#' nao?

- Vao nhOng nam 1970, nen kinh t§' c&c nUdc D6ng Au suy giam ve nhip dp

tang trudng

- Sang nhCmg nam 1980, Dong Au de ra chig'n lUdc phat trien kinh te - xa h6i

vdi cho difa l a thanh tiTu khoa hoc k i thuSt nhong chua dat dUPc kg't qud gi

- Den nam 1985, k h i LiSn X6 tien hanh cdi t8 t h i cac nUdc D6ng Au vSn chUa

chuyen biS'n manh de thich tjfng:

+ An-ba-ni van giuT nguyen cO che cu

+ C6ng h6a Dan chu DiJc v a Ru-ma-ni cho r^ng minh khong c6 gi sai s6t phdi

cdi to cai each

+ Ba Lan: t i n h hinh k i n h tg', chinh t r i xa h6i t r d nen cang th^ng v a phOfc tap

Sir ba't binh cua nhan dan trifdc sU doc doan hoac lam dung quygn luc cung nhOmg

dac quy^n dac lai cua mot so ngifdi lanh dao quan chufc cap cao N h a nUdc

- Lcfi dung t i n h h i n h do, cac the lire chS'ng chu nghia xa h6i ra sure kich dpng

cong nhan bai eong, quin chung bieu t i n h , da'u tranh d5i Dang va Nha mrdc cac

nirdc D6ng Au phai cai each kinh te, chinh t r i thiTc hien chS' dp da nguyen ve

chinh t r i , xoa bo doc quyen lanh dao ciia Dang Cong san, tien hanh cupc tong

t u y i n cuf tir do NhOng boat dpng tren l a m te li§t moi sinh boat cua dat nUdc day

ch6' d6 xa hoi chu nghia vao cupc khiing hoSng toan di§n va trfim trong Ban lanh

dao Ddng va Nha nirdc Dong Au \in iMt bu6c phSi cha'p nhan xoa b6 dOc quy^n

lanh dao cua Dang Cong sdn, thCra nhan ehS' d6 da nguy§n v l chinh t r i v a ti&'n

hanh tdng tuyen euf tir do

- NhU vay, trong nhOng nam 1989 - 1991, che do x a h6i chu nghia da bi sup

do d hAu hg't cac nude Dong Au va che dp mdi diTcfc diAig len vdi nhOng n6t chung

ndi bat l a :

+ Tuyen b6' tiT bo Chu nghia Mac - L§-nin v a chu nghia x a hoi, thirc hien

da nguy§n v l chinh t r i v a ch§' dp da ddng ;>

+ X a y dung N h a nirdc phap quySn dai nghi v a k i n h tg' t h i trUdng

+ Giai ca'p e6ng nhan chia re thanh n h i l u phe phai

+ Ten nUdc, qu6'c k i , quoc buy va ngay quoc kh^nh d i u thay ddi theo hudng

chung gpi l a c6ng boa

c a u 5 Sijf sup do ciia Li6n bang X6 viet diln ra nhtf the nao?

- Ngay 19 - 8 - 1991, m6t so ngUdi lanh dao B&ng, Nha nUde X6 vife't da ti6n hanh

cudc dao chinh lat do Go6c-ba-eh6p Cupc dao chinh thg^t bai nhanh chong (21 - 8)

- Sau k h i t r d lai n^m chinh quyin, Go6c-ba-ch6p tCr chijrc Ta'ng bi t h u BAng

C6ng san Lien X6, yeu cAu giai tan U y ban Trung uong Dang (24 - 8- 1991)

Dang Cpng san Lien X6 bi dinh chi boat dpng (29-8-1991) Chinh quyen Xo viet trong toan lien bang bi te liet

- Ngay 6 - 9 - 1991, Qud'c h6i bai bd Higp ude Li§n bang nam 1922, trao quyin cho cac co quan lam thdi

- Ngay 21 - 12- 1991, tai thu do An-ma ta (Ca-dac-xtan) 11 nudc cpng hoa k i

Hi§p dinh ve giai tdn Lien bang Xo viet va thanh lap Cpng d6ng cac quS'c gia dpc

lap (SNG)

- Ngay 25 - 12 - 1991, T6'ng thong Go6c-ba-chdp phai tuyen b6' tU chUc va

Cling ngay la cd dd biia Hem tren ndc Dien Krem-li bi ha xuong, danh da'u su sup

d6 cua che dp xa hpi chii nghia v a sU tan vd cua Lien bang C6ng hda xa hdi chu

nghia Xo viet

c a u 6. S\i sup do ciia chu nghia xa hpi d D6ng Au d i l n ra nhvT the nao?

- Cud'i nam 1988, cupc khung hoang no ra d Ba Lan sau dd lan sang cac nude

Hung-ga-ri, Tiep Khic, Cpng hda D a n chu DUc, Ru -ma-ni, Bun-ga-ri, An-ba-ni

- N h i l u cu6e m i t t i n h , bieu tinh, tuan hanh dien ra don dap, ddi cai each kinh

t l , thue hien da nguyen ve chinh t r i , tien hanh tong tuyen cijf t u do

- c a c th§' lire chong pha chu nghia xa hpi trong v a ngpai nUdc kieh dpng quan

chung, thue diy cAc boat dpng lat do chinh quyen

- NhOng hoat dpng tren lam te liet mpi sinli boat cua da't nUdc, da'y chu nghia xpi lam vao khijng hoang toan dien

- NhU vay, trong nhOfng nam 1988 - 1991, che dp xa hpi chu nghia da bi sup

dd d hau het cac nUdc Dong Au

- Cung vdi sU khung hoang va sup dd cua chu nghia x a hpi d Dong Au, ngay

28 - 6 - 1991, H6i dong Tuong trp K i n h te tuyen bd giai the, ngay 1 - 7 - 1991

td chUe Hi$p ude Vac-sa-va cham dUt hoat dpng

C&u 7 Nguyen nhSn dSn d§'n sup do ciia chi" dp xa h^i chii nghia d Li§n

X6 va Dong Au?

- Thig'u tdn trong day dii cac quy luat phat tridn khach quan v l k i n h t d - xa

hdi, chu quan duy y chi, thUe hien ccf che tap trung quan lieu bao cap thay cho cP chd thi trUdng

- Khong hit kip sU phat tridn ciia cupc each mang khoa hoe - k i thuat hien

dai, dua tdi su khiing hoang ve kinh t d - xa hpi

- K h i tien hanh cai td lai pham sai lam tren nhieu mat, lam cho khung

hoSng ngay cang them nang n l

- Hoat dpng chong pha cua cac the lUc chd'ng chu nghia xa hpi trong va ngoai nUdc

11 C A u H 6 I T R A C N G H I E M

c a u 1 Sau Chien tranh th§' giofi thuT hai, cdc nrfdTc de qud'c do MI c^m dfiu da thtfc hipn am mvtu cd ban gi de chd'ng lai Li§n X6?

A Tien hanh bao vay k i n h t l

B G a y cupc "chien tranh lanh"

C Day manh chien tranh tdng luc

D Loi keo cac nUdc dong minh chdng lai Lien Xo

Cfiu 2 Ttf nftm 1946 - 1950, Lifin X6 dS dsit dvt^c th&ng l<ri to Idn gl trong

c6ng cupc x&y diÂg chii nghia x a hpỉ

Ạ Hôn thanh th^ng Idi kls hoach 5 n&m khoi phuc kinh t§'

B Ph6ng th^nh c6ng v§ tinh nhan tao cua Trdi d^t

C Xay diftig ca sd vat chat - k i thuSt ciia chu nghia xa h6i

D Th&nh lap Lien bang Cong h5a xa hoi chu nghia X6 viet

Cfiu 3 Nam 1949 da ghi dáu Sin vao lich suf L i e n X6 bang stf k i f n n6i h^t nkỏ

Ạ Li§n X6 ph6ng thiinh c5ng tinh nhan taọ

B Lifen X6 dSp tan &m mUU thuc hien cuoc "chien tranh lanh" cua M l

C Lign X5 thifc hien diWc nhi^u k6' hoach dai han

D Li§n X6 ch^ tao th^nh c6ng bom nguy&n tijf

C a u 4 Trong c a c cau dridi dfiy, cfiu nao dung (D), cau nao (S) k h i noi

d§'n thanh trfu xay diftig C N X H d L i e n X6 (txi 1945 den nijfa đu nhtTng

Nam 1960 tdng s^n la<?ng c6ng nghi^p tSng 72% so

vdi trtfdc chi^n tranh

Li§n bang COng h6a x§ h6i chCi nghTa X6 vi§'t dẳc

thinh ISp vAo nam 1922

Trong nhOng nam 1946 - 1950, Li&n X6 tr6 thanh cudng

qu6'c c6ng nghi§p dQng tha hai tr§n thg' gidi (sau Ml)

Li§n X6 la ni/dc di din trong m6t s6' nganh c6ng nghi^p

mdi: C6ng nghi§p vu trg, c6ng nghi#p dỉn nguy§n tCr

Nam 1957, LiSn X6 phbng con tau vu try dua nha du

hanh vu trg Ga-ga-rin bay v6ng quanh Trai 6^1

cau 5 N6'i thdi gian if cpt A cho phu h<ft> vdi srf ki#n it cpt B sau day khi

n6i yi s%f thanh l$p c&e nvCdc d&n chu nh&n d&n D6ng Au:

Ạ Cpng h6a Nhan dan Bun-ga-ri

B COng h6a Nhan dan An-ba-ni

C C6ng h6a Nhan dan Ba Lan

D COng h6a Nhan dan Ru-ma-ni

Ẹ C6ng h6a dan chu Dufc

F C6ng h6a Nhan dan Hung-ga-ri

G COng h6a lidn bang nhan dan Nam Tu

H COng h6a TiOp Khic

cau 6 vao khoang thdi gian nao cac nrfdc D6ng Au lAn Ivhft ho&n thanh

each mfing d&n c h u nhdn dan va hitdc vko thori kl x&y djfng CNXH ?

Ạ Khoang nhOhg nSm 1945 - 1946 B Khoang nhufng nSm 1946 - 1947

C Khoang nhOmg nfim 1947 - 1948 D Khodng nhOfng nSm 1948 - 1949

14

cau 7 HSy d i ^ n t%n nvCdc d Ddng A u vko chS trdng cAc cfiu sau day:

Ạ Nam 1970, da ho&n thanh cong cuoc dien k h i hoa ca ntfdc

B Gan niifa dSn so song trong nhOng ngoi nhk mdi xay dudi chinh quyen

nhan dfin

C d , t6ng gan phgm cong n6ng nghifep nSm 1975 tSng 55 lan so vdi nSm 1939

D Sau 20 nam xay dung che do mdi, da trd th&nh m6t nUdc cong nong

nghiep, c6 van h6a va khoa hoc - kT thuat tien tien

E da dtfcfc xep v^o h^ng c^c nude cong nghiep tr§n the gidi; nam 1970, san

luwng cong nghiep chiem 1,75% tong san lugng cong nghiep tôn the gidị

cau 8 Nam 1973 d i l n r a stf bifén gi c6 anh huTctag rat Idn doi vdi cac nvtdc?

Ạ Khung hoang kinh tg B Khung hoang nang lugng

C Khung hoang chinh t r i D TS't ca c^c sU bien tren

cau 9 Vao khoang nhvTng nam 70 ciia the ky XX, tr&n the gidi d& diln

r a sif ki§n gi bat Idi va c6 l^i cho cac ntfdc?

Ạ Cuoc khung hoang nang lucfng va su phdt t r i l n vugt bac cua each mang khoa hoc - k i thu^t

B Cu6c khung hodng nang lugng va su bung no d&n sọ

C Su bCing no dan so va tai nguyen thiSn nhien ngay cang phong phiị

D Su biihg no dSn s6' va su doi mdi kinh t§', chinh t r i cua cAc nudc

cau 10 Trcfdc nhvTng bid'n đ'i ciia tinh hinh thd' gidi trong nhtTng ndm

70, nhvr&g ngtfofi lanh daio Ddng, nha nufdc L i e n X6 da lam gi ?

Ạ iJng dung thanh tUU khoa hoc - k i thuat vko san xuS't

B Cham thich uTng, chSm sOra doị

C Chuy^n doi ca cáu kinh te cho phu hgp vdi tinh hinh thS' gidị

D Giao luu, hgp tkc vdi cac nUdc

cau 11 Dvtdi day l a m^t s6' bieu h i ^ n cua cu$c khung hoSng chii nghia

xa h$i d Lifin X6 t«f ni3fa sau nhiJhg nam 70 dSn 1991 HSy x&c djnh dau

16 c6ng cupc c&i t6, d&u Ik h^u qua ciia nọ

1 Thgc hiOn da nguySn, da dang

2 DUt nude Li§n X6 dijfng trudc nhOng kh6 khan va thCr thach nghi§m trpng chUa tCrng c6

3 Sg xung dOt giOa cac dan tOc, skc tOc

4 Chuyin n^n kinh t^ tCr bao cap sang co ch§' thj trudng nhung chua lam dugic gị

5 CuOc dSo chfnh lat đ Tong thong Go6c-ba-ch6'p _ v a o naay 19-8-1991

6 Thanh lap COng dOng cac qu6c gia d6c lap (SNG)

Cfiu 12 B a nvtdc c^ng hoa đu ti&n l i khai khoi L i 6 n bang Cpng hoa x&

M i c h u nghia X6 vi«'t l a :

Ạ U-crai-na, Ban tich, M6n-d6-va B Ban tich, Gru-di-a, M6n-d6-Ya

C Ban tich, Ac-me-ni-a, M6n-d6-va D B§-la-rut, Ca-d^c-xtan, Ac-mfe-ni-ạ

15

C f i u 1 3 B&ng C O n g s 4 n Lifen X 6 b j d i n h cfei ho^t d^ng trong toan li§n

bang vao thoTi diem nao?

A Sau cuoc ddo c h i n h l§t d6 Go6c-ba-ch6p

B K h i Go6c-ba-chop l e n l a m t o n g t h o n g

C K h i L i e n b a n g cong h6a xa h o i chu n g h i a X5 v i e t b i g i a i t ^ n

D K h i 1 1 nude cong hoa t u y e n bo doc l a p

C a u 14 H a y nd'i stf k i ^ n d cpt B cho phu h ^ vdri thcri gian d cpt A sau day:

A 11 nude c o n g hoa trong Li§n b a n g X6 vi§'t cu thanh lap

C 6 n g d o n g cac qu6c gia doc lap

B C u o c dao chinh lat do T o n g t h o n g G o 6 c - b a - c h 6 p

C C u o c dao chfnh bi that bal •

A Do xay dung mo h i n h chu n g h i a xa h o i chUa k h o a hoc, chua n h f i n v a n

B Do c h a m sijfa chOfa, t h a y d6'i trUdc nhufng b i e n d o n g ciia t i n h h i n h t h e g i d i

C Do h o a t d o n g c h o n g phA ciia cac t h e luc c h o n g chu n g h i a xa h 6 i

A Tao r a moi q u a n he chat che v l k i n h te giOa cac nUdc D o n g Au vcJi n h a u

B Thijc day sU hcfp tAc, giiip d3 l a n n h a u chat che hdn nCfa v e k i n h t§', van

hoa v a k h o a hoc - k i t h u a t giOfa L i e n X6 v6i cac nUdc D o n g Au v a cAc nUdc

C S u hdp tac khong t o a n dien: ' "

D Su sup do ciia chii n g h i a xa h o i d L i e n X6 v a D o n g Au

c a u 22 T o c h i J c H i ^ p vCdc V a c - s a - v a drfdc t h a n h l^p v a o t h M g i a n n a o ?

A N g a y 8 - 1 - 1949 B N g a y 14 - 5 - 1955

C N g a y 15 - 4 - 1955 D N g a y 16 - 7 - 1954

c a u 23 Tp' chufc H i ^ p vCdc V a c - s a - v a m a n g t i n h chat g i ?

A L a m o t l i e n m i n h p h 6 n g t h i i ve quan sU - c h i n h t r i cua L i e n Xo v a cac nUdc

D o n g Au n h ^ m c h o n g l a i a m mUu gay c h i e n eua M l v a T a y Au

B L a m o t l i e n m i n h quan sU ciia cdc nUdc xa h o i c h i i n g h i a nhkm ch5'ng l a i

cuoc " c h i e n t r a n h l a n h " ciia Mi

C L a m o t to chore quan sif - c h i n h t r i , k i n h te de bao vg t h a n h t r i chu n g h i a xa hoi

"Sau nhiJng b i e n d o n g c h i n h t r i I d n d cAc nUdc ( A ) v a sau k h i nhOng ngudi

dilhg dau h a i n h a nude ( B ) da t h o a t h u S n v d i n h a u v e vide cha'm diirt cuoc (C) viec ti§p tuc t o n t a i ciia to chile (D) k h o n g con thi'eh hcfp v d i t i n h

1/1949 A Hoi d o n g tuong trc? kinh te giai the

2 / 1 9 5 7 B C o n g c u o c c^i to d Li6n X6 b i t dau

3 / 1 9 9 1 C Lien X6 p h o n g t h a n h c o n g ve iinh n h a n tao _4/ 1985 D Lien X6 che t^io t h a n h c o n g bom n g u y e n tCr _ 5 / 1 9 5 5 E T h a n h lap to chufc Hlep udc p h o n q thu V a c - s a - v a

C a u 28 H a y g h i d i i n g (D) h o $ c s a i (S) v a o c a c c a u dtfdi d a y :

A J u - r i G a - g a - r i n l a n g u d i ddu ti§n d a t c h a n Ign m a t t r a n g

B Sau chien t r a n h the gidi, cac nude D 6 n g Au xay dUhg ch6' dO chu n g h i a t u b d n

C T6 chOc HiSp UiSc phbng thu Vdc-sa-va \k t6 chiJc d6'i lap v6i kh6i BAc Dai

TSy Dudng (NATO)'

D Li6n bang C6ng h6a xa hoi chu nghia X6 vi§'t t6n tai trong 73 nam

E Li§n X6 nUdc dAu ti§n ph6ng thknh c6ng ve tinh nhan tao cua Trti dat (1957)

G H9i dong tifong tro kinh t6' (SEV) th^nh ISp di hop tAc vdi cdc nirdc chii

19 A Lifen X6, An-ba-ni, Ba Lan, Bun-ga-ri, Hung-ga-ri ^

B C6ng hba Dan chu Dite

C Cdng hba Nhan dan Mong 06

Chtr€fng in CAC Nlf<3FC A,:PHI, Ml LA-TINH (1945 - 2000)

Bdi3. TRUNG QUOC VA BAN DAO T R i i u TIEN

I CAU H6I n J LUAN * Cau 1: Hay trtnh bay cu^c npi chiSn * Trung Quoc (1946 - 1949) *

a Hohn eanh d&n din npi ehiin

- Sau cu6c chien tranh chS'ng Nh§t thdng Icfi, cue di6n cdch mang do D&ng C6ng s&n Trung Qu6'c lanh dao c6 nhi^u bien dOng quan trong khdc trUdc :

+ Luc luong quan chu li/c len tdi 120 van ngudi

+ Luc luong dan quan I6n tdi 200 van ngUdi

+ Viing gidi ph6ng md rSng g6m 19 khu can cU chiS'm 1/4 da't dai va 1/3 dan s6' c^ nude '

- Trung Qu6'c duoc Li§n X6 chuygn giao vung D6ng B^c Day la vung c6ng

nghi^p c6 vi tri chi§'n ludc quan trong, giao toan b6 vu khi tudc duoc cua hcfn

tri^u quan Quan Dong Nhat cho quan gidi ph6ng va nhan dan Trung Qu6'c

Ta't cd da taothfim dilu ki^n thuan Idi d§n tdi sU phat triln va thdng loi cua

each mang dan tOc dan chu Trung Qu6'c

- TrUdc tinh hinh d6, Tudng Gidi Thach am muu phat dong cu6c nOi ehi§n

nhkm ti§u di§t Ddng C6ng s&n Trung Qu6c v^ phong trao c&ch mang Trung Qu6'c

- DUde SU giijp dd cua Mi (trong 2 nam Mi da vi^n tro cho Tudng 4 ti 430 tri§u do la trong d6 chu yeu la vi$n tro quan sU) va chuin bi ddy du vS moi mat

Vi v^y, ngky 20 - 7 - 1946, Tudng Gidi Thach da buy d6ng toan bp lUc lUdng quan

ddi chinh quy, ta'n cong vao vCing giii phdng do Ddng C6ng sdn lanh dao Cu^c

nOi chife'n bung no

b DiSn bii'n cu^c n$i chii^n:

Qua 2 giai doqn :

- Giai doan phbng ngu tich e\fc: (7 - 1946 - 6-1947) Do tuong quan lUc luong

chSnh l§ch, quan cdch mang chQ trUcfng la'y ti6u di?t dich vk phat tri^n life lUtfng

each mang lam mue ti§u ehu y§'u

KS't qud: Trong v6ng 1 nam da tifeu dift eiia 1.920.000 quan Qud'c dan Dang cua Tudng Gidi Thach, bu^c Tudng phdi chuyin tif thg' ta'n c6ng sang phdng ngU

- Giai doan pMn c6ng (7 - 1947 d6'n 10 - 1949), quan each mang tang cUdng

ti§u diSt quan ehu life cua dd'i phUdng, giii phdng c&c vung do Qu6'c dan Ddng

thS'ngtri

, Kinh (23-4) n^n thd'ng tri cua Tudng Gidi Thach bi sup d6

:||||^ c.K^tqua:

QuSn giii phdng da tiSu di^t duoc 1 tri^u 54 van qudn ehu lue cua Tudng

- Ngay 1-10-1949, nude C6ng h6a Nhan dan Trung Qu6c dUdc thanh lap, cdch

mang dan t^e dan chu Trung Qu6'e da hoan thanh

d f nghia: Vdi th^ng Idi eua cdch mang Trung Qu6'c 1949 :

- Kgt thijc 100 nam bi dg' qu6c, phong ki§n, tU s&n mai bdn n6 dich thd'ng tri

va md ra m6t ki nguyen mdi: Ki nguy&n dpc lap tU do va tig'n ISn chu nghia xa

hOi trong lich suT Trung Qu6'e,

- Da tang cUdng lUc lUdng xS h6i chu nghia tr§n pham vi th§' gidi

- C6 &nh hudng sSu s^c d6n scf phAt t r i ^ n ciia phong tr&o gidi ph6ng dfin t^c

chau A., dac bi$t Ik D6ng Nam A '

C a u 2: T i n h h i n h T r u n g Qud'c tH sau each mang dSui tpc d t o c h u (1949 d.6'n nay)

G i o i do(»re (1949 -1959) mUoi nam xay dUng che dg m&i:

- Tif 1950, Trung Quoc,ti§'n M n h nhCfng cdi each quan t r o n g y l k i n h te, chinh

t r i , vSn h6a nh&m x^y dung dpit n\l&c theo con dudnj^ chu nghia xa hoi Nhd sif

nS lUc cua nhan dan Trurig Quoc sif giiip d9 cua Lien X6, kg' hoach 5 nam Ian

thiJ nhat (1953 - 1957) da ho&n thSnh t h i n g M dua nen k i n h t C van h6a, gido

due Trung Quoc dat dugc nhCTng tien bo vUcft bac

- Trong nhCmg nam 1949 - 1959, Trung Quoc thUc hi$n dudng loi doi ngoai

h6a h i n h , g6p phan ciing co h6a binh va thuc day sif phdt trien cua cdch mang

the'gidi Nhd d6, dia vi ciia Trung Quoc dugc ndng cao tren trUdng quoc te

b Giai dog,n tii 1959 - 1978:

- TCr nam 1959 - 1978, tinh h i n h k i n h t§', chinh t r i xa hoi Trung Quoc Ifim

v^o t i n h trang khong on ditih. VIBC thtfc hien dudng loi "ba ngon cd hong", "dai

nhdy vot" xSy difng "c6ng xa nhan dSn" da day nen k i n h te Trung Quoc v^o

t i n h trang'hSn loan, san xud't giam sut, ddi s6'ng n h i n dan gSp nhi^u kho khSn

- Trong ba'i canh d6, thdng 12 - 1959, Hoi nghi Trung uong Dang Cong san va

N h ^ nirdc T r u n g Quoc da hop, cijf Luu Thid'u K i \hra chu tich nirdc (thay the Mao

Trach Dong) thanh lap t6' sura sai de sijfa chOfa nhuTng sai lam, khdc phuc hau

qua do dUdng 16'i "ba ngpn cd h6ng" gfiy n§n Trong noi bo Ddng C6ng sdn \k

Nhana»Sc Trung Quoc da dien ra nhOng b§'t d6ng ve di/dng loi va tranh chap v l

quyen life ra't quyet liet, phufc tap giCfa cAc phe phdi, dinh cao 1^ cuoc: "dai cdch

mang v6 sdn" dien ra trong nhOng nam 1966 - 1968

- Nhijmg nam 1968 - 1978, trong noi bo gidi lanh dao Trung Qu6'c van li§n tuc

di§n ra nhieu cu6c thanh trifng, lat do Ian Yihau

V^e d6i ngoai : TCf nam 1959 t r d di, gidi lanh dao Trung Qu6'c da thifc hien

dudng loi d6'i ngoai bat l<?i cho cdch mang Trung Qu5'c v^ cdch mang the gidi

chd'ng Li§n X6, gfiy nhCfng vu xung dot'vu trang tranh chfi'p bi&n gidi vdi cdc ntfdc

Mng giSng, thUc hiSn nhieu chinh sdch \km t6n tMt nghiem trong cho sir nghi$p

cdch mang cAc nU6c Vi§t Nam, L^o, Cam-pu-chia

c Giai doq,n 1978 den nay:

• - Thdng 12 - 1978, Hoi nghi Ban cha'p h^nh Trung Udng Ddng Cong san Trung

Qu^c hop, vach ra dUdng loi doi mdi, md dau cho cu6c cai cdch kinh te xa h6i d Trung

Qud'c hien nay D6'n cudi nam 1987, tai Dai hdi Ddng Cong skn Trung Qudc \in X H I ,

dudng Id'i n^y duoc n&ng l§n th^nh dudng Id'i chung cua Ddng vk Nhk nUdc Trung

Qud'c: trong giai doan diu cua chu nghia xa hdi sS x^y dung mang mku sic Trung

Qud'c, l^y xay dung kinh td' 1km nhidm vu trung tam, kidn t r i 4 nguydn t i c co b i n

(con dudng xa hdi chu nghia, Cbuydn chinh dan chu n h l n dSn; Su lanh dao cua D i n g

Cong s i n Trung Qud'c, Chu nghia M i c Ld-nin - Tu tu6hg Mao Trach Dong) thuc hien

c i i cich md cCca phan da'u xky dUng Trung Qud'c thknh nUdc xa hdi chu nghia hidn

dai hda, g i i u manh, d i n chu vk van minh

Vi d6i ngoai : TU d i u nhvMg nam 1980, D i n g v i N h i nUdc Trung Qud'c de ra

n h i l u chinh s i c h dd'i ngoai tien bO, binh thudng hda quan hd vdi Lidn Xd, Mdng

Cd, L i e , In-dd-ne-xi-a, Vi§t Nam md rdng quan hd hOu nghi, hup t i c vdi cic

nude trdn the gidi

TU sau k h i thuc h i ^ n c6 cdi cdch, Trung Qud'c daf dtfcfc nhigu thatth.-g^ vg kinh td, dn dinh t i n h h i n h chinh tri v a x a hoi, dja v i trgn trudng qud'c :t!e"dUcJc

nang cao • ' • '

C a u 3 C 6 n g cupc xfiy Axfng chii nghia xa hpi ciia nvLdc C ^ n g hoa Dfin

c h u n h a n dan Ti»ieu*Tien nhrf thS'nao? '

- Sau chien tranh, nhan dan midn Bic da tife'n l i k n h edng cudc x i y dung chu '

nghia xa-hdi Sau k h i hokn thanh trudc thdi han kgi hoach ba nam khdi phye kjnK td'^

(1954-1956), CHDCND T r i l u Tien da thifc hidn nhi^u kfe' hoach dki ban va thu dUUc

nhidu thanh tuu Idn: h o i n thknh di^n k h i h o i tro«g c i nUdc, n i n edng nghigp nang

Co sd ha tang phat tridn, thO dd Binh Nhudng cd hd thd'ng t i u di§n n ^ m , giao thdng thuan tien v i nhieu tod nhk choc trdi vdibabd'n chue ting

- Ndn k i n h te cua CHDCND Tridu Tidn mang t i n h kd' hoach hod tfip trung

cao dp D i t ndng nghiep duuc tap the h o i , cic nganh edng nghiep do n h i nUdc

q u i n li Cdng nghidp nang dupe chu trpng, dac biet Id edng nghiep qud'c phdng

Mac du viec md cila t h i trudng^da dupe tuydn bd tU nam 1995, nhUng ndn k i n h td'

v i n edn nhieu khd khan

- v a n hod gido due cd bude tie'n d i n g k^ Nam 1999, T r i l u Tidn h o i n thdnh xod nan mu chU Chinh phu t h i hdnh chUPng t r i n h gido due 10 nam b i t bupc v i

m i l n phi •

C d u 4 T i n h h i n h p h i t t r i l n k i n h tS' \k v&a hoa c i i a H&n Qud'^c tuT th$p

niSn 60 den th$p n i e n 90 ciia th§' k i XX

- TU t h i p nidn 60 trd di, kinh td' Hdn Qudc tUhg budc cd nhOng thay ddi Idn: tU

nude nghdo nkn, lac hau, sau ba thap nidn p h i t t r i l n , H i n Qudc trd t h i n h m^t trong bd'n "con rdng kinh td"*' d c h i u A vdi t i 1$ tang trUdng h i n g nam dat i\S 8% trd Idn

- H i n Qud'c cd n i n cdng nghiep p h i t t r i l n vdi t i Id tang trUdng l i 22% (1999),

n i n ndng nghidp tidn tid'n, h$ thd'ng cd sd ha t i n g hidn dai, xS hdi thdng t i n cao

- TU nam 1993, H i n Qud'c b i t d i u thUc hi$n ke hoach 5 nam p h i t trien k i n h

te' n h i m muc tidu sdm tham gia -vko cdu lac bd cic nUdc cdng nghipp p h i t trien

Nam 1997, cung vdi mot sd nUde Ddng Nam A, H i n Qud'c phai t r i i qua mot cudc khiing h o i n g t i i chinh - t i l n t$ r i t ndng n l Tuy vay, nen k i n h te cua Hdn Qud'c dupe xd'p v i o thU 11 trdn the' gidi, da tid'p c i n vdi cic qud'c gia p h i t tridn

- G i i o due Id l i n h vUc dupc d i n h gid cao trong ndn vdn h o i Hdn Qud'c, dupc coi Id ehia k h o i cua sU t h i n h cdng H i n Qud'c thuc hidn chd dd hoc tap b i t bude trong 6 nam, tU 6 dd'n 12 tudi

C a u 5 Q u a n h ? giCa h a i m i ^ n Nam - B i c ban dSo T r i ^ u T i e n ttf th$p nidn 50 dd'n nfim 20C0 d i l n r a nhitf thg' nao?

- Sau chid'n t r a n h Trieu Tien, v i o nhutng t h i p k i 50 v i 60, Nam - B i c b i n d i o Trieu Tidn d trong t i n h trang dd'i d i u

- TU nhOmg nam 70 t r d d i , quan he giUa hai m i l n cd sU thay ddi, chuyin sang

dd'i ngoai *

- Nam 1990, van de dd'i ngoai Nam - B i c cd bUde dot phd mdi: sau nhieu cudc gfip gd, cic nhd Idnh dao ci'p cao cua hai bdn d i di den n h i t t r i : " x o i bd t i n h trang dd'i Ifip vd chinh t r i vd q u i n sU giCa hai m i l n Nam - B i c , tid'n h i n h giao

luu vd hpp tdc n h i l u mdt"

- mjg^y 313-6-2000, hai nhk IS^nh dao cao nhfi't Ik Tdng th6'ng,Kim TS Chung

' ^ ( m n Qua'c) Chu tich Kim Jong H (CHDCND T r i l u t i g n ) da gSp gd d Binh

NhL0ng k i hiep dinh h6a hcJp ^iOa hai qu6'c gia, md ra m6t trang mdi trong

*quaii hS-giOa hai mien Tuy nhien, qud t r i n h h6a hcfp thong nhfi't bdn ddo

aviiu Ti§ric6n ISu d^i, kh6 khan phufc tap

Jl/cAu H 6 I T R A C N G H l i l M

' c&u S a u C h i S n t r a n h th&' gidri thii: hai, ygu td' nao l a coT h&n nh&'t giup

cAch m a n g T r u n g Qudc c6 n h i ^ u bien d^ng k h a c t n i d c ?

A Su giijp d9 cua Lien X6

B Luc luong cdch manh Idn manh nhanh ch6ng

C Amh htfdng cua phong tr^o cAch manh th§' gidi

D Vung gidi ph6ng difcfc md rong

C&u 2 Trufdc s^i Idn msinh c d a c&ch m^ng T r u n g Qu6c, t|Lp dolin TiTdng

Gidi T h a c h thrfc h i $ n &m mifu gi?

A Phdt d6ng cu6c n6i chien nhkm ti&u di§t BAng C6ng sdn phong tr^o

cdch mang Trung Qu6'c

B Ca'u k§'t vdi de quoc M i d l tifiu di?t cdch mang Trung Quoc

C Dua 50 van quSn sang M i d^ huS'n luy^n qufin sir

D Huy dOng to^n bp life lUWng quSn doi chinh quy tfin c6ng v^o vung gidi

ph6ng do Ddng Cong sAn lanh dao

C a u 3 N6l k i $ n d c^t B cho dung vdi thoTi gian d cpt A \i d i l n biSn

c u a c u $ c npi chiS'n d T r u n g Qudc

D QuSn g\k\g c h u y i n sang th§' ph^in c6ng

E T u d n g Gidi T h ^ c h huy dong to^n b6 li/c li/(?ng chfnh quy

ta'n c 6 n g vko vung gidi p h b n g do Dkng C o n g skn Trung

Qu6c lanh d ^ o ,

Cftu 4 : Difdri dSy l a y nghia l i c h svC th^ng 1^ ciia e a c h m a n g T r u n g Qudc

H&y x a c d i n h d^u l a y nghia dd'i vdi each man g T r u n g qud'c v a dfiu l a y

nghia dd'i vdi e a c h m^ng thd' gidi

1) Cha'm duft thdi kl T r u n g Qu6'c; bj d§'

q u d c p h o n g ki§'n t u skn m^i bkn nd

djch thd'ng trj

2) T a n g c i / d n g lyc lLf(?ng cCia chO nghTa

xa h0i trdn ph^im vi thS' gidi

2 2

3) M d ra ky n g u y § n dOc l|lf), tif do vk

ti§'n len chu nghTa xa hoi

4) Anhf h i / d n g sau s^c den p h o n g tr^o

Q\k\g dan toe tren the gidi

Cflu 5 Ttf n a m 1950, ^ r u n g Qud'c tie'n hknh nhihig c&i cdch q u a n t r p n g

v i k i n h tS', chfnh tri, ^&n hda nhdm muc dfch gl? •

A Thifc hi$n dudng 16'i "ba 'hgon cd h6ng"

B ThUc hidn cu6c "dai nhdy vot" di/a Trung Qu6'c tiS'n nhanh, ti§'n mahh, tifi'n vOng ch^c len chu nghia xfi hoi

C Xdy dung Mt nUdc di l§n con dudng xa hoi chii nghia

D Phdt t r i l n k i n h te, on dinh chinh t r i , xSy dung n i n van hda mdi

C&u 6 G h i dung.(i» ho^c sai (S) vao c a c c&u s a u d&y:

A Dua vao sU giup" dd cua Lien X6, Trung Qu6'c thuc h i ^ n ke hoach 5 nam

lAn thvt nha't (1953-1957) gianh dUcfc th^ng Idi

B Sau 10 nam xSy dung che d6 mdi, n^n k i n h t§' Trung Qufi'c gap n h i l u khd

khan to Idn do hau qu^ chi§'n tranh d^ lai

C vao thdng 7 - 1950, Trung Qu6'c k;^ kS't vdi Li§n X6 "Hi^p udc ph6ng thu

Chung X6-Trung"

D Sau thSp nien dau sau k h i cdch mang th^ng \gi, dia v i Trung Qud'c da du^c n&ng cao trSn trUdng quS'c tS'

E Viec thuc hi§n dudng 16'i "ba ngon cd h6ng" da tao d i l u ki$n dUa n i n kinh

tS' Trung QuS'c phat t r i ^ n nhanh chdng

F Dudng I6'i "ba ngon cd h6ng" chij truang x&y dUng chu nghia xS h ^ i theo phudng c h i m "nhieu, nhanh, t6't, r^"

G Tir nam 1^66 - 1968, Trung Qu6'c thuc h i ^ n cuOc "dai cdch mang van hda

v6 san"

H TU nam 1968 - 1978, c6ng cuoc xdy dung chu nghia xa hdi d Trung Qu6'c

gianh dUcfc t h ^ n g Idi to Idn

I Thang 12 - 1978, di§n ra HOi nghi Ban chfi'p h^nh Trung Udng Ddng COng

san Trung Quo'c, vach ra dUdng 16'i doi mdi

C&u 7 D ^ i hpi i S n thd: X I I I c d a D&ng C ^ n g s&n T r u n g Qud'c hpp v&o thdi

B Li§n X6, M5ng CdVLao, In-d6-n§-xi-a, Vi$t Nam

C LiSn x a , Mong Cd, Vi&t Nam, Cu-ba

D Li6n X6, A n h , Phap, M l

C&u 9 T h a n g 2 nftm 1972 diSn r a srf k i ? n gl c6 lidn q u a n dd'n chfnh sftch dd'i ngoai c i i a T r u n g Qud'c?

A Su xung dot bien gidi giOa A n D6 v a Trung Qud'c

B Trung Qutfc tiS'p tuc dat quan h§ ngoai giao vdi Vi$t Nam

23

C T S n g t h S ' n g M i N i c h - x c J n s a n g t h a m T r u n g Qu6'c

D C u 6 c x u n g d 6 t giOfa T r u n g Q u o c vk L i e n X 6 - '

Cfiu 10 D a i h ^ i l ^ n thiiT XIII c u a Dang C p n g s&n T r u n g Qud'c hop vao

thofi gian nao?

A Thdng 10 nam 19.78 C T M n g 12-1987 '

B D i u nam 1980 D T M n g 1^-1989

Cau 11 L a y phat t r i e n k i n h te lam trung tam v a k i ^ n t r i bon nguyen t^c

dtfrfc d l r a trong d a i hpi l a n thuf may c u a D a n g C p n g san T r u n g Quoc?

A Dai hoi Idn thOf V I I I C Dai hpi Idn t M X I I I

B Dai hpi Idn thur X D Dai hpi Idn thijf X V : '

Cfiu 12 T r o n g nhifng n S m 60, n e n k i n h i£ D a i L o a n phat t r i e n theo

hvrdng chign l\i<fc nao?

A "Htfdfng v l xufi't kh^u" B "Hifdng ve pMt t r i l n k i n h tg' npi dia"

C "Hudng ve xuS't va nhap khau" D "Hudng ve nhap khau"

Cau 13 MOt trong nhiing nguySn n h a n s a u x a thuc d^y*si^ phat trien

k i n h t£'d D a i L o a n l a :

A Ddu ttf chij yeu vao ng^nh cong nghiep nang •

B Gi^o due va khoa hoc - k i thuat rat dugc chii trong

C Hang xua't kh^u va nhap k h i u ra't dupe chii trong

D ThUc hien chinh s&ch md cijfa, giao luu vdi cdc nUdc

cau 14 S a u Chi#'n t r a n h t h i ' gidi thtf h a i , theo stf thoa t h u ^ n c i i a Hpi

n g h i I - a n - t a , p h i a Bfic T r i l u T i e n do quan dpi c u a nridc nao dong?

A M l B Li§nX6 C Anh D Phap

cau 15 T h a n g 5 - 1948 d i i n r a si^ ki^n gi * Nam T r i e u T i e n ?

A Nha nude C6ng h6a DSn chu nhan dan T r i l u Ti§n dupc th^nh lap

B M i ti§'n h^nh vign tro k i n h tg' cho Nam T r i l u Tien

C Nh& nude Dai H^n DSn Quoc dUpc th&nh Ifip

D N h ^ nude Nam T r i l u Ti§n dupc thanh lap

cau 16. Nvrdc COng hoa Oan chii n h a n dan T r i l u T i e n dvlffc t h a n h l^p

vao thdi gian nao?

A Thdng 5 nam 1948 C Thang 12 nam 1948

B Thdng 9 nam 1948 D Thdng 7 nam 1949

cau 17 Ngay 25 - 6 - 1950 d i l n r a stf bi§'n gi d h a i m i e n B ^ c v a Nam

T r i l u Ti§n?

A M l va Lien X6 rut kh6i Nam, Bde Trieu Tien

B M l t i m each ha't Lien Xo khoi Bic Trieu Tien

C LiSn X6 tuyen bo khong can thiSp vao npi b6 cya Nain, Bic Trieu TiSn

D Cupc chien t r a n h giOTa hai m i l n Nam, Bic Trieu TiSn bung n6

cau 18 Dac diem k i n h tfe' cua C^ng hoa Dan c h u n h a n dan T r i l u Ti6n la:

A K i n h te phat t r i l n theo cO che t h i trUcfng

B K i n h t§' phdt trien theo hudng sdn xui't hang hod

C Su tap trung cao dp cua n h ^ nUdc

D Ta't cd cac dac d i l m trgn

cau 19 Tit thap nifin 60 ciia th6' ki XX trd di, d c h a u 4*ufift hi^n bon «con

r i n g k i n h te ", do l a :

A Han Qu6'c, Dai Loan, Xin-ga-po va Ma-Iai-xi-a , ' »

B Han Quoc, Dai Loan, Xin-ga-po va Hong Cong

C Han Quoc, Dai Loan, In-do-ne-xi-a va Ma-lai-xi-a

D Han Qu6c, Dai Loan, Xin-ga-po va Mi-an-ma

cau 20 Nam 1997, d i l n r a srf ki§n gi c6 Hgn quan den n i n k i n h t&' v a tai

chfnh d H a n Quoc?

A H a n Qu6c t r d thanh m6t trong bon "con rong kinh te " d chau A

B Han Qu6c b^t diu thUc hiSn ke hoach 5 nam phdt trien k i n h t§', tai chinh

C Han Quoc trai qua mot cupc khung hoang tai chinh - t i l n te nang ne

D Han Quoc c6 nen cong nghiep phat trien vdi ti le tang trudng 22%

cau 1 T r i n h bay k h a i quat v l qua t r i n h gianh dpc I§p c u a nhan dan

D6ng Nam A s a u Chil ^n t r a n h thl^ gidi thtf h a i

- Trudc Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai, hdu h i t cAc nUdc trong khu vUc (trif Thdi

Lan) d I u la thudc dia cua de qu6'c Au - M i K h i Chien tranh Thai Binh Duong

bung n6, Nhat Ban x&m chiem ca vung D6ng Nam A v a thil't Mp trat t u phdt xit

Ti^ cupc da'u tranh chdng thUc d&n Au-Mi, nhSn dan Dong Nam A chuyin sang

dtfu tranh ch6ng qufin phigt Nhat, g i i i phdng da't nude Ngay sau k h i Nh§t d I u h^ng luc luong Dong minh, mot s6' quoc gia tuyen bo d6c lap

- Sau Chien tranh t h I gidi thiif hai, cac nude thUc dan Au-Mi (Phdp, Rk Lan,

Anh ) quay t r d lai xSm lupc Dong Nam A Nhan dan Dong Nam A lai phai t i l p tuc

cu6c da'u tranh chong xam lupc Trdi qua cupc khang chien ki§n cUdng va gian kho, v^o gioa nhcmg nam 50, nhan dan In-do-nS-xi-a, Viet Nam, L a o , Cam-pu-chia da

lan lupt ddnh du6i bon thuc dan ra khdi da't nUdc Cung vko thdi gian d6, cdc de

qu6'c Au - M l cong nhan dpc lap cua Phi-lip-pin, M i l n Dien, Ma Lai, Xin-ga-po

- Sau k h i cupc khdng c h i l n chong Phap thdng Ipi (1954), nhan dan Viet Nam

Lao, t i l p dd 1^ Cam-pu-chia pMi trdi qua mot cu6c khdng c h i l n ching chu

^ghia thuc dan mdi cua M i , d i n nam 1975 mdi gidnh duoc thdng Ipi hoan tokn C5n

«ru-nay, tdi thang 1-1984 tuyen bo l a quoc gia dpc lap nam trong khoi Lien hiep

f^ h Sau cupc trung cdu dan y thang 8-1999 tdch khdi In-d6-ng-xi-a, ngky

20-5-'^"02, D6ng Ti-mo t r d thdnh m^t qu6'c gia dpc lap

Trong b6'i cdnh ciia cuoc chiS'n tranh lanh, d6ng thdi ngSn chSn dnh hudng

cua chu nghia xa h^i han ch§' th^ng loi cua phong tr^o giai ph6ng dfin tQC,

t h t o g 9 - 1 9 5 4 , M l cung Anh, Phdp m5t so nifdc da th^nh lap khoi qufin sU

mang teii.-To chute Hiep iTdc Dong Nam A (viet.t^t theo tieng Anh 1^ SEATO)

Nhung sau- t h i n g loi cua cich mang ba ntfdc Dong Duong v^o giora nSm 1 9 7 5 , |

C&u 2 Nhflng-ndrt chfnh ve c u ^ c dS'u t r a n h giai ph6ng d&n tpc c&a nh&n

d&n In-dd-nS-xi-a s a u C h i e n t r a n h th&' gidri thiir h a i

- Ngliy 1 7 - 8 - 1 9 4 5 , sau k h i quan phiet Nhat dau hang trUdc k h i the cdch mang

cua quan chiing, Xu-cdc-no da doc Tuyen ngon Doc lap, tuydn b6 thAnh lap nudc

C^ng hok In-do-ng-xi-a

- Ng^y 1 8 - 8 - 1 9 4 5 , lanh tu cdc chinh ddng vk ckc doan the md hoi nghi cua

Uy-ban t r u bi d6c lap In-do-ne-xi-a, thong qua bdn Hig'n phdp, bdu Xu-cic-n6 l^m

Tdng thong ni/dc Cong ho^ In-do-ne-xi-a

- Thdng 1 1 - 1 9 4 5 , vdi svt giup dd cua qukn Anh, Lan quay t r d lai xSm lifOc

In-d6-n§-xi-a Cuoc khkng chig'n chS'ng thuc dan Lan, bdo ve doc lap cua nhSn

dan In-d6-n§-xi-a bung nS T h i n g 5 - 1 9 4 9 , H i Lan vk In-d6-n§-xi-a k i hi§p dinh

dinh chi^n tai Gia-cdc-ta T h i n g 1 1 nSm d6, hai ben k i HiSp vide La Hay, theo d6

In-d6-n&-xi-a nkm trong khoi Li§n hifep H i Lan - In-d6-n6-xi-a v i phu thu^c n h i l u

mfit v i o H i Lan Do cu^c dfi'u tranh cua n h i n d i n d6i d6c lap that sir v i thong

nhi't, ngiy 1 5 - 8 - 1 9 5 0 , nUdc Cpng h o i In-d6-n§-xi-a thSng nhi't duoc t h i n h l^p

C a u 3 C u $ c k h a n g c h i S n chdng P h i p v a chdng Mi c u a n h S n dSn L a o

d i S n r a nhvC thS' n i o ?

* Khdng chii'n chdng Phdp:

- GiOra t h i n g 8 - 1 9 4 5 , N h i t B i n d i u h i n g v6 d i l u ki§n N i m thdi ca t h u i n Icfi,

n g i y 2 3 - 8 - 1 9 4 5 , n h i n dan L i o ndi d i y g i i n h chinh quyln N g i y 1 2 - 1 0 , chinh

phu L i o ra m i t qud'c d i n v i tuygn b6' dSc l i p

- T h i n g 3 - 1 9 4 6 , thirc d i n P h i p t r d lai t i i chi6m L i o N h i n d i n L i o m^t l i n

nQla p h i i c i m sling k h i n g chi§n b i o ve n i n doc l i p ciia m i n h

- TLT n i m 1 9 4 7 , dirdi sir lanh dao ciia D i n g Cong s i n Dong Duong v i sU giiip

d9 ciia q u i n t i n h nguyen Viet Nam, cuoc k h i n g chig'n chong thuc d i n P h i p d L i o

n g i y c i n g p h i t t r i ^ n , luc luong cich mang n g i y c i n g trUdng t h i n h

- Trong nhOtng n i m 1 9 5 3 - 1 9 5 4 , q u i n dan L i o da phoi hop cung vdi q u i n tinh

nguyen Vi§t Nam md cic chien dich Trung L i o , Ha L i o , Thuong Lio , g i i n h

th^ng loi to Idn NhOng cuoc t i n c6ng n i y da phoi hop c h i t chg vdi chid'n trUdng

ViSt Nam, die bi$t l i chii'n dich DiSn Bi&n Phii, g6p phdn v i p chien t h i n g chung

cua n h i n dan ba nUdc Ddng Duong Higp dinh Gio-ne-vo ve D6ng Duong ( t h i n g

7 - 1 9 5 4 ) da thira n h i n d^c lap, chii quydn v i t o i n ven lanh thd ciia L i o , cong

n h i n dia v i hop p h i p ciia cic lUc luong k h i n g chiSn L i o

* Cu6c hhdng chiin chdng Mi:

- Ngay sau k h i Hi$p dinh Gio-ne-vo v4 D6ng Duong viTa k i kS't, M i d i l i p tilc

ha't cAng P h i p , am mUU bi§'n L i o t h i n h thu6c dia ki^u mdi TiT d i y , nhan dan

L i o l a i p h i i c i m siing chdng kS thu mdi l i d§' qudc M i

DUdi sU lanh dao cua Dang Nhan dan cich mang L i o ( t h i n h l i p ngiy 1,955), cuoc d i u tranh ciia n h i n d i n Lao di§n ra c i trgn ba mat t r i n : q u i n su -

22-3-C^inh t r i - ngofii giao, da d i n h bai cic cuoc t i n cong ^ u i n sU ciia M i vi^tay sai p^n d i u nhflmg n i m 60 da giai ph6ng 2/3 lanh thd, hon 1/3 d i n so c i nudd \ T h i n g 2-1973, Hiep dinh ViSng C h i n ve l i p lai h o i binh v i thuc hiSn h o i

jjcjp d i n t6c d L i o duoc k i ket giCfa M i t train Lao yeu nUdc v i , p h i i hOu Vieng

Chin- Chinh phii Lien hiep dan toe l i m thdi v i i^oi d6ng Qudc gia chinh t r i Hen

higp diTOc t h i n h lap

- Mua x u i n n i m 1975, cuoc Tdng tien gdng v i ndi day ciia quan dan V i ^ t Nam

t h i n g Ic^i da cd cu v i tao dieu kien cho c^ch mang L i o tidn len g i i n h t h i n g loi hoin t o i n TiT t h i n g 5 den t h i n g 12-1975, qiiftn d i n L i o dudi sir lanh dao ciia Dang N h i n dan cich mang da ndi d i y g i i n h chinh quy^n trong ca nude

- N g i y 2-12-1975, nUdc Cpng h o i D i n chii Nhan dan L i o chinh thOfc t h i n h lap TiT d6, nude L i o bude sang thdi k i mdi - x i y duhg di't nUdc v i p h i t t r i l n kinh tfe' -xihOi-

C&u 4 N S u nhiTng net c h i n h \6 CUQC k h a n g chi§n chdng P h a p ciia nh&n d&n Cam-pu-chia '

- D l u t h i n g 10-1945, thut dan Phip quay trd lai xam luoc v i thdng tri Cam-pu-chia Dudi sU l i n h dao ciia Dang Cong s i n Dong Duong, tCr n i m 1951 l i D i n g n h i n dan cich mang Cam-pu-chia, nhan d i n Cam-pu-chia tien h i n h cuoc k h i n g chien chdng thuc d i n P h i p LUc lUOng k h i n g chien n g i y c i n g trudng t h i n h

- N g i y 9-11-1953, do cugc van dpng ngoai giao ciia vua Xi-ha-niic, chinh phii Phip da k i higp Udc "trao t r i d6c l i p cho Cam-pu-chia" Tuy vay, quan dOi P h i p

M.n chiem ddng Cam-pu-chia

P - Sau that bai d Dien Bi&n Phu, thue dan P h i p p h i i k i Hi§p dinh Gicf-ne-vo

vS Ddng Duong, cong nhan d6c lap, chii quyen, thdng nha't v i t o i n ven lanh thd cua Cam-pu-chia, L i o v i Viet Nam

C&u 5 NhuTng n^t cd h&n v4 CUQC k h i n g c h i € n c h d n g MI c d a n h S n

dfin C a m - p u - c h i a

W • Sau eu6c d i o chinh l i t dd Xi-ha-nue n g i y 18-3-1970 cua t h d lUc tay sai M i , Cam-pu-chia bi k6o v i o quy dao cua cudc chidn tranh thifc d i n kidu mdi ciia M i

tr§n b i n dio Dong Duong

- Cu5c k h i n g chidn chdng M l v i tay sai ciia n h i n d i n Cam-pu-chia, vdi sU Si>Jp dd ciia bp doi t i n h nguyen Viet Nam, d i v i p h i t trien nhanh chdng

P - Tir t h i n g 9-1973, lUc luong vQ trang Cam-pu-chia d i ehuyen sang t i n c6ng,

^ao vfiy tha do Phndm Pgnh v i cic t h i n h phd k h i c Mua x u i n n i m 1975, q u i n Cam-pu-chia md cudc t i n edng v i o sio huydt cudi cung ciia dich N g i y 17-4-

^^'^5, thii do Phnom P§nh dupc g i i i phdng, cuoc k h i n g chidn chdng M i cua n h i n Cam-pu-chia kdt thuc t h i n g loi

6 So s i n h c a c c h i d n Irf^c k i n h td' hifdng n p i v a hvtdng ngo^i c i i a

^^6ta s&ng l&p A S E A N Ndi dung, t h a n h tvtu vk h a n chd' c i i a tufng

TiSu Chi so sanh Chi§'n Itftfc kinh tS'

hUdng n0i

Chlen Iti0c kinh li'hirang

ngo^l

1 Theji gian b^t dSu NhCmg nam 60 cua the kl XX Nhufnj nam 60 - 70 cua thg' ki XX

2 Mgc tigu Nhanh ch6ng xoa b6 ngheo n|n, Igc

h^ii, xay dimg nen kinh t&' \\f chu

Thuc hign c6ng nghigp hoa la'y xuat khiu lam chu dao

3 IMOi dung DS'y mgnh »phaf tnen cac nganh

c6ng nghigp • sSn xua'l hang ti.gu dung ngi dia thay th§' hang nh^JD

kha'u, la'y thi tfi/5ng tro.ng nadc lam chS'dUa dl phat'trig'n s§rt xu§'t

Thi/c hign "mci ci^fa" nen kinh

te, thu hilt v6'n va kT thu$t cua nude ngoai, tap trung sin xua't hang hoa dl xua't khSu, phat trien nqogi thuong

4 Thanh ti^J Jh[fc hi$n chig'n li/pc^66ng:nghfi§p'

ho^ thay th§' nTi^p'khlu, cic nadc

da dgt 6\m mOt s6' thanh ti/u d^ng,

kg', d^p Lfng di/oc nha cafi cua nhan dan, phat trien mOt s6' hganh chg' bjg'n, ch§' tgo giai quyg't n?n tha't nghi§p

Tilrpng c6ng nghigp trong nSn kinh te qu6c dan da Idn hon

•n6ng nghigp, mau djch d6'i ngogi tang tru6ng nhanh

5. Hgn chg' Thig'u ngu6n vS'n nguygn Ii§uyac6ng

ngh$, chi phi cao dSn tdi.icirn.an thua l5, to tham nhung quan ii§u phat tri^n, ddi s6'ng lao dOng c6n kh6 khan, chua giai quygt ducic va'n.d^

tang trii&ng v6i c6ng bSng xa hOi

Phg thuOc von va thi tradng b§n ngoai qua I6n, dSu ta ba't h(?p li

> '

-Cau 7 V i sao to chtfc A S E A N dvtdc thanh l§p? Npi dung c u a Hi§p ^i^c

Ba-li noi l#n d i l u gi?

* Vi sao: «

- Budc v^o thap ni§n 60 cua the' k i XX, tinh hinh Dong Nam A \k th§' gidi c6

nhieu chuy§n bien tdc dong tdi cdc nUiSc khu vUc

- Hdn 20 nam da'u tranh gi^nh doc lap cung nhtf x§y difng kinh t§', nhi^u nUdt

trong khu vUc hUdc vko thdi k i on dinh Cac nUcJc d Dong Nam A thS'y r^ng cAn

phai hcfp tac vdi nhau de cung phat t r i l n , dong thcti han ch§' dnh hi/dng cua cdc

cU&ng quoc ben ngoai

- Tren the' gidi da xua't hien nhieu t6' ch\jfc hop tac mang tinh khu viTc, nha't la

Khoi thi tmbng chung chau Au (EEC) da c6 v.u ri't Idn d6'i vdi cac nUdc D6ng Nam A

* N6i dung Hiep Udc Ba-li: • ,

- Hi§p ifdc Ba-li xac dinh nhOng nguy§n tic cobdOj.trong quan h$ giOa c&c

nufdc d Dong Nam A:

+ Ton trong d6c lap, chu quyen va toan ven lanh tho cua cac nUdc

+ Kh6ng can thi§p vao c6ng viec noi b6 cua nhau

+ Khong siif dung vu life hoac de doa b^ng vu life doi vdi nhau

+ Gidi quy§'t cAc tranh cha'p bkng bi§n phap hoa binh

+ Hop tac phat t r i l n c6 hieu qud trong linh virc kinh tg', van hoa, xa h6i

C a u 8 Stf thanh l^p v a hoat d^ng ciia to chtfc A S E A N

- Ngay 8-8-1967, Hiep hoi cac nifdc Dong Nam A (viet tdt theo tie'ng Anh-la

ASEAN) dirge thanh lap t a i BSng Co'c'CThai Lan) vdi sir tham gia cua i5 nirdc:

In-d6-ne-xi-a, Ma-lai-xi-a, Xin-ga-po, Thai Lan va Phi-lip-pin

- Trong giai doan dau (1967-1975), ASEAN la m6t to c W non yeu, sir hop tac

trong khu virc c5n trong trang thai khdi dfiu, chUa c6 vi tri tren trir&ng qu6'c te TiT

giOra nhCfng nam 70, ASEAN c6 nhOfng birdc tien mdi Sir phat trien nay dirge danh da'u bang Hoi nghi cap cao lan thuf nhat hop tai Ba-li (In-d6-n6-xi-a) thang 2-1976 vdi i,vi6c.ki Hiep irdc hOu nghi va hop tac d Dong Nam A (goi t^t la Hiep udc Ba-li)

- Vao thdi digm nay, quan he giOa cac nude D6ng Duang va ASEAN budc dau idugc cai thien Hai nhom nude da thiet lap quan he ngoai giao va b^t dau c6 cac

Ichuyen di tham iSn nhau cua cac nha larih dao ca'p cao

- Nam 1984, sau k h i gianh diTgc doc lap, Bru-nay gia nhap va t r d thanh

thanh vign thuT 6 cua ASEAT-*

- Tir dau nhumg nam 90, chi§'n tranh lanh cham dijft va "van de Cam-pu-chia" duyc giai quyet, tinh hinh chinh t r i khu virc dugc cai thien can ban, ASEAN c6 diiu kien md rong to chufc, ket nap thanh vien mdi

V - Ngay 22-7-1992, Viet Nam va Lao tham gia Hiep udc Ba-li Tiep do, thang

7-1995, Viet Nam trd thanh thanh vien thuT 7 cua ASEAN Thang 7-1997, Lao va

Mi-an-ma gia nhap ASEAN, va thang 4-1999, Cam-pu-chia diTcfc k6't nap vao t6 chifc nay

- NhU vay, tiT 5 nirdc sang lap ban ddu, ASEAN da phat trid'n thanh 10 nam thanh viSn Tir day, ASEAN day manh hoat dong hop tac kinh te, xay diTng Dong

Nam A thanh khu vUc hoa binh, &n dinh d l cung phat trien

I I C A U H 6 I T R I C NiGJHIEM Cfiu 1 Trtfdrc Chi^'n tranh the gidri thuf hai, h ^ u het cac ntfdrc trong k h u vijfc Dong Nam A l a thuQc dia cua:

A cac de quoc Tay Au B Cae de quoc Au - M i

C cac de quoc Tay Ban Nha va B6 Dao Nha D Cdc de quoc Anh, Phap

Cfiu 2 Vao thdi diem nao Nh|it B a n xfim chiem ck vung Ddng Nam A ?

A Khi Chig'n tranh the gidi thii hai bung n6

B K h i Chien tranh the gidi thiir hai budc vao giai doan sdp k§'t thuc

C K h i Chien tranh Thai Binh DiTcfng bung no

D K h i Nhat danh chiem xong cac nudc d Tay A

C&u 3 K h i Chid'n tranh Thai Binh Dulofng bung no, nhSn dkn cac ntfdc D6ng

^ a m A diing Ifen da'u tranh chd'ng ke thu nao de giai phong dan tpc?

A Thirc dan Phap B Thirc dan Phap va de quoc M i

rr C Quan phiet Nhslt D Chu nghia phat xit va de quoc Phap - Nhat

C4u 4 N6'i stf k i ^ n d cpt B cho phu hcfp vdri thdi gian d cpt A

In-d6-n^-*i-a sau Chi§'n tranh th6' gidri thuf hai sau day:

p) 17-8-1945

i ) 18-8-1945 iiJI-1945

A Chfnh phu In-d6-n§-xi-a da ki v6i Ha Lan higp djnh La Hay, big'n In-d6-ng-xi-a thanh nuec nilfa thuOc dja cua Ha Lan

B In-d6-ng-xi-a th6ng qua Tuygn ng6n DOc l§p

C CuOc dSo chfnh cija quan dOi lat dd tdng thS'ng bj tha't bgi

4) 1949 D HOi nghj "Uy ban tru bj dOc IJp In-d6-n6-xi-a" thang qua hi§?n

ph^p vli bSu Xu-c5c-n0 l^m tdng thCfng

5V 3 0 - 9 - 1 9 6 5 f Lan x l m loijc In-d6-ne-xi-a

c a u 5 Hay danh da'u (X) vao 6 cpt doc sao cho phu h ^ vdi thort gian

gianh dpc l a p cua mpt s6' nvifdc d D6ng Nam A dxt6i d&y:

c a u 6 Mi va cac ni^drc dSng minh cua Mi da ki k§'t thfinh l|ip " T ^ chile

Hi$p xt6c phong thu t|ip th^ Dong Nam A (SEATO)" tai dau?

A Tai Gia-cdc-ta (In-d6-n§-xi-a) B Tai Ma-ni-la (Phi-lip-pin)

C Tai Bfing Coc (TMi Lan) D Tai Oa-sinh-tan (Mi),

c a u 7 Six that bai n^ng n l ciia Mi d dau lam cho khd'i qudn si^ SEATO

bi gi&i th^?

A Tha't bai d khu vifc Trung Dong B, That bai d Trilu Tien

C That bai d D6ng Ducfng D That bai d Vi^t Nam

c a u 8 Thang 11 - 1945 da diln ra suT ki$n lich svl^it In-dd-nS-xi-a?

A Xu-cdc-n6 doc Tuydn ng6n D6c Ifip, tuyen b6' th^nh ISp nifdc Cong hda

In-d5-n&-xi-a

B Lan quay trd lai xSm luoc In-d6-n&-xi-a

C Nude C6ng h6a In-d6-n&-xi-a thd'ng nhS't dUdc thanh lap

D Xu-cac-n6 dUdc bdu lam tdng thS'ng cua In-d6-n&-xi-a

c a u 9 Ngay 15 - 8 - 1950 di vho Uch In-dd-nS-xi-a d6 la ngay:

A Xu-cdc-n6 doc Tuyfin ngfin Doc ISp, tuyfin b6' thanh Ifip ntfdc C^ng h6a

In-d6-n§-xi-a

B Xu-cac-n6 ducfc bdu l^m tdng th6'ng cua In-d6-n§-xi-a

C Nude COng h6a In-do-ne-xi-a th6'ng nha't dUcfc thanh ISp

D Hi§'n phdp ciia nude C6ng h6a In-d6-n§-xi-a duac thdng qua

c a u 10 Ghi thdi gian vao c$t A cho phu h^p vdi si^ ki#n cho s i n d c$i

B v^ In-dd-n«-xi-a ti!f n&m 1945 d£'n nfim 1967 it bSng difdi ddy:

A Xu-c^c-nO duoc b3u ISm tdng thdng cua I n - d d - n e - x i - a 2) B Lan In-d0-n6-xi-a ki Hi$p uSc dlnh chiS'n tgi Gia-c^c-ta^,

C Ha Lan va In-d6-n6-xi-a ki Hi$p U8c La Hay

4A D CuOc d&o chinh 6 Phu tdng thdng In-d6-n6-xi-a _^

5^ E Xu-h^c-t6 I6n lam tdng thd'ng 6 I n - d 6 - n § - x i - a

6 ) - - F Nuflc C6na h6a In-d0-n6-xi-a thd'ng nh^t duoc thSnh I3p J

30

c a u 11 Ngay 12 - 10 - 1945, diin r a srf ki^n lich gi d Lao?

A Nhfin dan L^o noi dfiy gi^nh chinh quyln

B Chinh phu Lao ra m^t trudc qu6'c dSn va tuy§n b6' d6c Ifip

C ThUG dfin Phfip trd lai xfim lUcfc Lfio

D Qufin tinh nguySn Viet Nam sang giup lai khfing chi§'n chong Phfip

cau 12 Bifdc vao C U Q C khang chiS'n chd'ng thi^c dan Phap trd l ^ i xdm

Itf^c Lao, cac chia'n khu giai phong iSn \\iffi Axttfe thanh l^p d:

A Trung lAo \k ThUcrng Lao

B Tfiy Lao va Ddng Bdc Lfio

C Tfiy Lao, ThUdng Lao va D6ng Bdc Lao

D Trung Lao, Thuong Lao vfi Tay B^c Lao

;au 13 Hay nd'i stf ki$n it c$t B cho diing vori thoTi gian d c^t A v^ qua

trinh khang chiS'n chd'ng Phap cua nhan dan Lao

1) 23 - 8- 1945

2 ) 3 - 1946 3) 20 - 1 - 1949 4) 1 3 - 8 - 1 9 5 0 5) 7 - 1 9 5 4

A Quan g i i i phdng L^o chfnh thiJc dupe thSnh I5p

B IVI^t t r ^ n LSo tu do v& chinh phu kh^ng chi^n Iho ra ddi

C Thirc dan Ph^p t r d Igi xam lu^c Lao

D Th^/c dan Phap cdng nhan dOc lap Lao

E Nhan dan LSo ndi day khSi nghTa gianh chinh quygn

cau 14 Ngay 22-3-1955 ghi d^u &a \ho lich sit Lko b ^ g si^ M^n noi h^t vhot

A Qufin giai phdng Lao dUdc thanh Ifip

B Dai hoi toan quoc khdng chi§'n Lfio tri&u tap

C Ml thdng qua chinh sach "vi§n trcf" kinh te ddi vdi Lao

D Ddng Nhfin dfin Cfich mang Lfio thanh lap

Cau 15 Nam 1946, MS chfnh thuTc thuTc hi^n losti hinh chiS'n traxdi £^ b Lao?

A "Chien tranh dcfn phuong" B "Chi^'n tranh dac bi^t"

C "Chi&'n tranh cue bO" D "Dong Duong hda" chiS'n tranh

cau 16 Ni^dc Cpng hoa Dan chu Nhdn ddn Lao chfnh thuTc thanh vao thdi gian nao?

c a u 18 Ngay 18-3-1970, diSn ra si^ ki^n gi lam cho Cam-pu-chia rdi vao

fiy dao cu$c chid'n tranh xflm Ivt^ thi^c dfin ki^u mdi cfla Mi?

A Th§' luc tay sai M i d^o chinh lalt dd Xi-ha-niic

B Mi mang quan xam lucfc Cam-pu-chia

31

r a & T r u n g Q u o c , L a o v a C a m - p u - c h i a s a u C h i e n t r a n h th&' gidi th«t h a i :

1 Thanh Igp Dang Nhan dSn Cach mgng vao

nam 1951

2 Sau khi ket thuc cu0c chien tranh chS'ng Nhat,

(ja't nirfic cti§n ra cuOc npi chi§'n

3 Quan giai phong dut?c thanh Igp vao nam 1949

4 Sau khi gianh duoc than^^igii da dua dat nadc

tien len xay diing CNXH

5 Sau khi danh bai de quoc MT xam lUdc, dat

na6c roi vao cuOc ngi chien dau thuong

6 I\la6c cpng hba dan chu nhan dan chfnh thCfc

daac thanh lap vao ngay 2-12-1975

C a u 2 1 V a o n h f f n g n a m 8 0 - 90 t h e k i X X , t i n h h i n h k i n h t e c a c ntfdc d

D o n g Drfofng n h t f t h e n a o ?

A T i m g bi/dc c h u y e n sang n e n k i n h t e t h i t r i f d n g

B T i t o g budc o n d i n h n i n k i n h t e t a p t r u n g quan l i e u bao cSp

C P h d t tri§'n n e n k i n h t e theo theo h u d n g t i f b a n chu nghTa

c a u 2 4 Hi^p h p i c a c ntfdc D 6 n g N a m A ( A S E A N ) dufdc t h a n h l|ip v a o

thofi g i a n n a o ? Taii dau?

k h u viTc v a t h i e t l a p m o t k h u vUc hoa b i n h , tyf do, t r u n g l a p

C Phat t r i g n n h a n h c h 6 n g n e n k i n h t e , ufng d u n g t h a n h t u u k h o a hoc k i

t h u a t h i e n d a i v a o s a n xua't n h ^ m b i e n D 6 n g N a m A t h a n h t r u n g t a m

k i n h t e - t a i c h i n h d u sufc c a n h t r a n h v d i M i , T S y Au v a N h a t B a n

D Dfiy l a m o t t o chtfc l i e n m i n h c h i n h t r i - k i n h t e cua k h u vUc D 6 n g N a m A

c a u 27 N6'i t e n nufdc d c $ t A c h o p h u hofp v d i t e n t h i i d o c i i a c a c nvCdc

5 In-do-ne-xi-a E Ban-da-x§-ri Be-ga-oan

B K h o n g can t h i e p vao cong viec n o i b6 cua n h a u

C G i a i quy§'t cac t r a n h c h a p b&ng b i e n p h a p hoa b i n h

C Quan h§ doi d^u do bSit dong ve quan he kinh t§'

D Quan h& doi dau do vfi'n de Cam-pu-chia

cau 30 Nam 1997, A S E A N dS ket nap th§m cAc thanh vifen nao?

A L^o.Viet Nam B Cam-pu-chia, L^o

C L^o, Mi-an-ma D Mi-an-ma, Viet Nam

C a u 31 TO nhflng n&m 90 ciia the k i XX den nay, A S E A N d a c h u y e n

trpng t^m hoat dpng sang l i n h vt^c nao?

A Hcfp t^c tren linh vUc du lich B Hdp tdc tr§n l i n h viTc k i n h te

C Hap tdc tren linh vUc quan stf D Hap t&c tr&n linh vUc giao due

cau 32. N&m 1996, H p i nghi I a n t h ^ nhSt c u a to chuTc D i e n d a n htfp tac A

- A u hpp t a i :

A Bang Coc (Thdi Lan) B Ha Noi (Viet Nam)

C Vieng Chan (Mo) D Gia-cdc-ta (In-do-ng-xi-a)

17 A ThUc dan P h i p quay lai xam liTctc Cam-pu-chia

B T r i e u d i n h phong k i e n Cam-pu-chia k i vdi P h i p hiep dinh cong nhan

suf thong t r i cua Phip

C Thanh lap U y ban Mat train dan toe giai phong Cam-pu-chia

D P h i p k i hiep Udc "trao tra doc lap cho Cam-pu-chia"

Cfiu 1 P h o n g trao da'u tranh gianh dpc l^p d An Dp Sau Chig'n tranh th^'

gidi thu: h a i d i l n r a nhrf the nao?

- Trong nhOfng nam 1945 - 1947, cuoc dSu tranh d6i doc lap cua nhan dan An

D6 dudi sU lanh dao ciia Dang Quoc dai bCing len manh me

- Quy mo rong Idn \k k h i the cua phong trao dau tranh da \km cho chinh

quyin thUc d§n A n h khong the tid'p tuc thong t r i An Do theo hinh thufc thifc dan

k i l u cu dUcfc nOfa, phai nhirong bo, huTa se trao quySn tiT t r i cho An D6 vk ngUdi

Dp N g i y 26-1-1950, An Do tuyen bo doc lap v i t h i n h lap nifdc c6ng hoa

cau 2 C 6 n g cupc xay diAig da't ntfdc An Dp t«f nhilbg n&m 70 den cuoi

the k i XX nhtf the nao?

- Trong thdi k i xay dung da't nUdc, An Do da thifc hi&n nhOng kg' hoach d i i han nh^m p h i t trien kinh te - xa hoi va van hoi Nhd t h i n h tuu cua cuoc "cich mang xanh" trong nong nghigp, tif giCfa nhOng n i m 70 cua th6' k i XX, An Do da tu tuc duge

lifcmg thi/c cho gan 1 t i nguW v i bat dau xuS't kMu S i n xuat c6ng nghiep t i n g , dac

biet la cong nghiep n i n g , eh6' tao m i y , xay dung co sd ha tang hien dai

- Trong ba thap k i cuoi the ky XX, An Do dau tif nhi^u v i o linh vifc c6ng nghe

cao, trudc h&'t l i c6ng nghe thong t i n v i vien thdng, v i dang co ging vUcfn len

h i n g eic cirdng qu6'c va cong ngh§ phdn mem, cong nghe hat nhan, c6ng nghe vu

tru Cuoc "cich mang chat x i m " b i t dau tiT nhuTng n i m 90 d i diia An Do t h i n h

mot trong nhOng nifdc s i n xuat phan mem Idn nhat the gidi Trong cic linh vuc

v i n h o i , giio due va khoa hoc - k i thuat An Do c6 nhCmg bude tien nhanh chdng

C a u 3 L $ p bang bien nien ve tien trinh da'u tranh giai phong ciia n h a n dan Pa-le-xtin tuf n S m 1947 d§'n nay

Ngay 29-11-1947 'Theo Nghi quyet 181 cua Lien Hop Quoc, si; d6 hO cija Anh bi huy bo

va lanh thd Pa-le-xtin bj chia lam hai quo'c gia: mOt cua ngucJi A R^lp

Pa-le-xtin, mOt cua ngucJi Do Thai

Ngay 15-5-1948 Bay nude A Rgp da ta'n c6ng l-xra-en lis do, xung dOt giOfa i-xra-en va

Pa-le-xtin diln ra li§n mign

Ngay 28-5-1964 T^i Gig-ru-j<a-lem, l6 cMc giii phong Pa-le-xtin (PLO) duoc th^nh l$p,

da doan k§'t rpng rai cac li^c luijng ygu ni;6c d§'u tranh cho si; nghigp giai phong Pa-le-xtin

Ngay 15-11-1988 Nha nu6c Pa-le-xtin ra ddi Thang 3-1989, Y A-ra-phat diftjc bau la

tong thong dau tign cija nha nu6c nay

Ngay 26-8-1993 l-xra-en chap nhgn dam phan vdi PLO trgn nguyen t^c "doi da't la'y hoa

blnh", l-xra-en tuy§n b6' sSn sang trao tra cho ngucJi Pa-le-xtin viing

Ga-da va Gie-ri-c6 Tuygn b6' nay Ga-da khai thong be \k trong dam phan

giOa hai phia l-xra-en va Pa-le-xtin

Mgay 28-9-1995 Dua s\J chifng kil'n ciia T6ng thS'ng Mi B Clin-ton, t^i Nha TrSng (Mi), Chij

tich PLO A-ra-ph^t va Thu tuSng l-xra-en Ra-bin da chfnh thCic ki higp dinh m6 rOng quygn tri cua nguM Pa-le-xtin 6 bb TSy s6nq Giooc-dan

Ng^y 23-10-1998 Ban ghi nhd Oai Ri-vd duijc l-xra-en va Pa-le-xtin ki k&'t, theo do l-xra-en se

chuyg'n giao 27,2% lanh tho bd TSy s6ng Giooc-dan cho Pa-le-xtin trong vong 12 tu^n '

IỊ C A U H6I TElAC NGHIEM

cau 1 Trong nhCng nSm 1945 - 1947, cupc dft'u tranh doi dpc l^ip ciia

nhan dan A n Dp dat d\i6i s\i lanh dao ciia:

Ạ Dang Dan chu t\J san A n Dọ B Dang Cong sdn A n D5

C Ddng Quoc daị D Dang 6n h6ạ

cau 2 Ngay 19 -2 - 1946, d A n Dp d i l n r a stf kipn lich suf tieu bieu nao

g^n vdri phong trao dau tranh chd'ng thifc dan Anh?

Ạ Cuoc khdi nghia ciia hai van thuy binh d Can-cut-tạ

B Cuoc khdi nghia ciia hai van thuy binh d Bom-baỵ

C Cuoc bai cong, tuan h^nh ciia 20 van quan chiing d Bom-baỵ

D Cuoc bai cong ciia hon 40 van cong nhS'n d Can-ciit-tạ

cau 3 Sau C h i e n tranh the gidri thut hai, phong trao giai phong dan tpc

d A n Dp do giai cáp nao lanh dsiỏ

Ạ Giai cap t u san B Giai cS'p v6 san

C Giai cáp dia chii phong ki§n D Giai cfíp n6ng dfin

cau 4 Phong trao Tebhaga ciia ndng dan A n Dp no r a d n h i l u dia

phi^oTng, tieu bieu nhát la d:

Ạ Can-cut-tạ B Bom-baỵ C Ma-drdt D Ben-gan

cau 5 Thang 4 - 1947, Pho vrfotag cuoi cung ciia Anh la Mao-bat-tcto den An

Dp de thufoTng IvfoTng vdi to chvtc nao dl r a phv^otag &n dpc l^p cho An Dp?

Ạ Vdi Dang Quoc dai va Lien dôn Hoi gidọ

B Vdi Dang Quoc dai va Dang Cong san A n Ệ

C V(Ji Lien doan Hoi gido va Pa-ki-xtan

D V(Ji Dang Qu6c dai, Lien dokn H6i gido v^ Dang Cong sdn An D6

cau 6 Theo "phtfofng an Mao-bat-tcto", A n Dp chia thanh hai nrfoTc ti^ tri

di^a tr§n coT sd ton giao, do la:

Ạ An Do ciia ngifdi theo A n Do gido va An Do ciia ngUcfi theo Hoi giaọ

B An Do ciia ngUdi theo Hoi gido va Pakixtan ciia nhumg ngucfi Anh

-C A n D6 ciia ngudi theo A n Do gido va Pa-ki-xtan ciia ngUdi theo Hoi giaọ

D An Do ciia ngUdi theo An Do gido va Pa-ki-xtan ciia ngifdi theo Anh giaọ

cau 7 Cho d&'n ngay 15 - 8 - 1947, tinh hinh lanh tho cua A n Dp nhtf th6' naỏ

Ạ Da hoan toan doc lap

B Trd thanh mot nUdc thuoc dia nijfa phong ki&'n

C Tdch thanh hai nUdc An Do va Pa-ki-xtan

D Van con la mot nUdc thuoc dia ciia Anh •

cau 8 A n Dp tuyen bo dpc l^p vao thdi gian naỏ

Ạ Ngay 26 - 1 - 1950 C Ngay 25 - 12 - 1950

B Ngay 23 - 2 - 1950 D Ngay 26 - 1 - 1951

cau 9 Nhd dau den giula nh^Tng ndm 70 ciia the k i XX, A n Dp ti^ tdc

dvC^c IvCdng thi^c de nuoi dan sd' gAn mpt ti ngUori va bat dAu xuSit khaủ

Ạ Nhd cai tien k i thuat san xuát nong nghiep

B Nhd cuoc "each mang xanh" trong nong nghiep

C Nhd sU vign tra cua nxsdc ngoai, nhát la LiSn X6

D Nhd c6ng tdc khai hoang va tai san xuát

c a u 10- Trong ba thap nien cuoi thfí k i XX, A n Dp dau ti;^ nhieu vao lin^ vtfc c6ng nghp, ma trrfdc tien la:

Ạ C6ng nghe thSng t i n va vien thdng

B Cong nghe dien tuf va vien thong

C Cong nghe san xuat va che bien nong san

D Tát ca deu diing

c a u 11 Srf kipn gi di§n ra trong nam 1974 danh dáu hvtdc phat tri^n tr&n linh vtfc khoa hoc - k i thu^t d An Dp?

Ạ An Do phdng thanh cong ve tinh nhan tao len quy dao Trdi dát

B An Do thijf thanh cong bom nguyen tiJf

C An Do c6 7 ve tinh nhan tao dang boat dong trong vu trụ

D An Do trd thanh mdt trong sau nUdc c6 kha nSng phdng thanh cong ve

tinh dia tinh

cau 12 An Dp thiet l^P quan hp ngoai giao vdi Vipt Nam vao thtri gian naỏ

Ạ Ngay 17 thang 1 nam 1972 B Ngay 11 thang 7 nam 1974

C Ngay 17 thang 1 nSm 1975 D Ngay 17 thang 1 nam 1972

c a u 13 Hay dien vao ch6 trong d cac cau dvtdi day:

Ạ Ngay 19-2-1946, 2 van thiiy binh khdi nghia d cang

B Cac hinh thilc dau tranh dAu tien ciia cdc tang Idp nhan dan An Do

C cac thanh phó da bai cong hudng iJng cuoc khdi nghia d Bom-bay

D O nong thon A n Do dien ra phong trao

Ẹ Thang 2-1947, dien ra cuoc bai cong ciia cong nhan thanh pho

F Trudc SLf Idn manh ciia phong trao each mang An Do buoc thUc dan Anh

phai thuong liTcfng vdi hai Dang Quoc dai va Lien doan Hoi giao chia An

Dp thanh hai quoc giạ

c a u 14 K h u vrfc T r u n g Dong la nofi ti§p giap giuTa:

Ạ ChauA, chau Au va chau Mi La-tinh B Tay A, Tay Au va chau Phị

C Chau A, chau Au va chau Phị D Tay A, chau Au va Tay Phị

c a u 15 Sau C h i e n tranh the gidi thuT hai, Mi Idi dung mau thuSn nao de

can thipp vao k h u vtfc Trung Dong?

Ạ Mau thuan giCfa ngiTdi A Rap va ngUdi Do Thaị

B Mau thuan giOa thi/c dan Anh va cac dan toe Trung D6ng

C Mau thuan giOa cac dan top d Trung Dong

D Mau thuSn giCfa ngudi Do Thai va ngUdi Anh

Cau 16 Theo Nghi quyet 181 nrfdfc ngay 29 - 11 - 1947 ciia L i e n Hipp Quoc, lanh tho Pa-le-xtin bi chia thanh hai qu6c gia, do la:

Ạ Mot ciia A Rap Pa-le-xtin, mot ciia ngUdi Anh

B Mot ciia ngudi Do Thai, mot ciia ngUdi Anh

C Mot ciia ngudi A Rap, mdt cua ngUdi I-xra-en

D Mot ciia ngudi A Rap Pa-le-xtin, mdt ciia ngUdi Do Thaị

Cfiu 17 Nha niidc Do T h a i dvtdc thanh lap la'y t&n la I-xra-en vac thdi

gian nao?

A Ngky 29 thdng 11 nam 1947 C Ngay 14 thdng 5 nSm 1948

B Ngay 15 t h i n g 4 nSm 1948 D Ngay 15 t h i n g 5 nSm 1948

Cfiu 18 Ngay 28 - 5 - 1964, tai Gie-ru-xa-lem d i i n r a s\f ki$n gi?

A T6 chufc dohn ket Pa-le-xtin dUcfc t h i n h lap

B To chiJc giai ph6ng Pa-le-xtin duac thanh l i p

C N h i nude Pa-le-xtin ra ddi

D Y A-ra-phdt diTcrc bau Ikm t6ng thSng nUdc Pa-le-xtin

Cau 19 Nguon goc cua stf xung dpi giiXa hai dlin tpc Do Thai va A Rlip

Pa-le-xtin la do:

A Do sU xung dot giOa hai dan toe n^y da eo mam mong tii lau

B Do sif can thiep cua cic de qu6'c phUcfng Tay

C Do sir tranh cha'p cua chu nghia d§' quoc Anh M i

D Ta't ca cdc l i do tren

cau 20 Bi§'n ddi to Idtn nhS't cua k h u vrfc T r u n g Dong sau C h i e n tranh

the'gidri thur hai la gi?

A Nhieu nUdc trd ngn tru phu ve kinh te

B Hau het cdc nUde Trung Dong gianh lai doe lap (trir Pa-let-xtin)

C Cdc nude d Trung Dong luon trong tinh trang cSng t h i n g phufc tap

D Chien tranh da tan p h i nSng ne gay ra nhieu hau qua nghiem trong

DAP A N C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M B A I 5

1 B 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 A 6 C 7 0 8 A

9 B 10 A 11 B 12 D

13 A Bom-bay B Bieu tinh, tudn h^nh

C Can-cut-ta, Ca-ra-si, Ma-dcJ-rit D "Te-pha-ra"

E Can-eut-ta

F An Do cua nhOng ngUdi theo A n Do g i i o Pa-ki-xtan ciia nhDng

ngudi theo Hoi giio

14.0 15 A 16 D 17.0 18 B 1 9 0 20 B

Bai 6 CAC NUdC CHAU PHI VA Ml LA-TINH

I cAu H 6 I TT; L U A N

cau 1 T r i n h bay nhOng dieu k i ? n quoc te c6 tac d(?ng d^'n phong trao

giai phong dan tpc d chau P h i sau C h i e n tranh %he gidi thuf hai

- Su ket thiie Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai cung nhu nhCfng thay ddi ve tinh

hinh quoc t&' sau chien tranh c6 tdc dung thuc day phong tr&o doc lap dan toe tai

chau Phi

+ That bai cua chu nghia phat xit, sU suy y§u cua Anh vk Phdp, hai quoc gia

thong t r i nhieu vung thuoc dia tai chau Phi, tao dieu kien thuan Icfi eho euoe dau

tranh gidi phdng cua nhan dan chau Phi

d chau Phi?

- Trong cu6c k h i n g chig'n eh6'ng thuc dan Phip xam luge (1945 - 1954), nhan

dan Viet Nam da chien dau kien ctfdng, anh dung, d i n h bai chu nghia thuc dan

cu cua de quoc Phdp (mot de quoc dang thong t r i nhieu nude d chau Phi)

- Thang Icri cua nhan dan Viet Nam trong cu6c khang chien chdng Phdp da

chiJng minh mot chan 11 ciia thdi dai: M6t dan toe du nhd nhung e6 tinh thin

ddng len da'u tranh chong ngoai xam t h i dan toe a'y nha't dinh se gi^nh th^ng lai

Chan l i nay duoe nhSn dan cAc nude chau Phi hoc tap va noi theo

- Hdn nOfa, trong chien dich Dien Bien Phu va trong cuoc khdng chig'n chong

thuc dan Phap ndi ehung, nhCfng ta'm gUOng chien da'u anh dung cua cdc chien si each mang Viet Nam da c6 tac dong true ti&p tdi nhiitng ngudi linh Phi trong

quan doi Phdp d D6ng Ducfng Ohinh nhOng ngUdi linh nay k h i ve nUdc da phdt d6ng cuoc khang chien chdng P h i p theo gUcfng cua nhan dan Viet Nam

cau 3 Neu d i l n bien chinh ciia phong trao giai phong dan tpc d chau Phi tiJf nfim 1945 dd'n nSm 1994

- Phong trao da'u tranh bung nd sdm nha't d B^e Phi, sau d6 Ian ra cde vung

khac Md dau la cuoc binh bien cua si quan va binh linh yeu nude A i Cap

(3-7-1952) lat dd vUdng trieu Pha-rue, cho dUa cua thue dan Anh, lap nen nUdc Cong

hoa A i Cap Oung nam 1952, nhan dan Li-bi gi^nh dUcfc doe lap Sau 8 nam khang chien kien cudng chdng Phap (1954-1962), nhan dan An-gie-ri da gianh

duac thang Igi

- TCr nufa sau thap nien 50, he thong thuoc dia cua thuc dan chau Au d chau

Phi ndi tiep nhau tan ra, cdc qudc gia doe lap Ian lucft xua't hien nhu Tuy-ni-di,

Ma-rde, Xu-dang (1956); Ga-na (1957); Ghi-ne (1958) Dae biSt, lich sit ghi nhan

nam 1960 la "Nam chau Phi" vdi 17 nude duoc trao tra doe lap Nam 1975, t h i n g loi eua nhan dan M6-dam-bich va Ang-go-la trong cuoc da'u tranh chdng thUc dan B6 Dao Nha, ve ca ban da cha'm diJft chu nghia thUc dan cu d chau Phi cung he

thong thuoc dia eua nd

- Tir sau nam 1975, nhan dan cdc thuoc dia c6n lai d chau Phi hoan thdnh

cuQc da'u tranh danh dd n i n thong t r i thUe dan cu, gidnh doc lalp dan t6c va

quyin song cua eon ngudi

- Sau nhieu thap k i da'u tranh, nhan dan Nam R6-de-di-a da tuyen bd thanh l^P nude Cong hoa Dim-ba-bu-e (18-4-1980) TrUde sde ep eua nhan dan va Lien

Hop Qudc, chinh quyen Nam Phi da phdi trao trd doc lap cho Na-mi-bi-a; thdng

3-1990, Na-mi-bi-a tuy§n bd ddc lap Ngay chinh tai Nam Phi, trude dp lUc da'u

tranh eua ngudi da mau, thang 2-1990, chinh quyen Nam Phi da tuygn bd tCf bd

chinh sach phan biet chung toe (goi la A-pdc-thai) Sau dd, vdi t h i n g lai ciia cuoc

cur dan chu da chung toe Ian dku tien d Nam Phi (thang 4-1994) ong Nen-xan

^an-de-la trd thanh tdng thdng da den ddu ti§n eua Cong hoa Nam Phi Su ki§n

39

d6 da Mnh dfi'u sU chfi'm duft ch§'t d6 phan bi§t chung t5c da man, d^y ba't cong,

mot bieu hien cua chu nghia thtrc dan

C a u 4 T r i n h bay nhffng kho khdn c u a cac nvCdc c h a u P h i trdn btfoTc

dvCctng xSy dtfng dat nrfdfc sau k h i gianh dpc l^p v a bi#n phap khdc phuc

nhvTng kho k h S n do

- Sau k h i gianh dUcJc doc lelp, cdc niidc chau Phi b^t tay vao cong cuoc xay

difng da't nifdc, phat t r i l n k i n h t6' - xa h6i, da dat Mi dUdc nhCfng thanh tiiu birdc

d ^u nhiftig chtfa du de thay d6i can ban bo mat cua chau luc nay

- Mac du vay, nhiSu nxidc chau Phi c6n nkm trong t i n h trang lac hau, kh6ng

6'n dinh va kho khan do xung dot, dao chinh, npi chien di§n ra lien mien; doi

nghfeo, benh tat va mu chO; s\i bung no ve dan so; na nan va sU phu thuoc vac

niJdc ngoai v.v Ta't ca nhOfng kho khan do da va dang la thach thijfc Idn doi vdi

nhan dan cac niTdc chau Phi Ch^ng ban:

+ TU nam 1952 den nam 1985, tai chau Phi xay ra 241 Ian ddo chinh quAn sir

+ TCr nam 1987 dg'n nam 1997, chau Phi c6 tdi 14 cuoc xung d6t, n6i chien

+ Trong so 43 quoc gia ma Lien Hiep Qud'c xac dinh ngheo nha't the gidi

(nam 1997), t h i d chau Phi c6 29 nUdc

- Cdc nirdc chau Phi cung cong d6ng quoc te dang t i m nhieu giai phap thdo gd

nhOmg khd khan: giai quyet xung dot, khSc phuc doi ngheo, ngan ngiTa benh dich

To chdc thong nhat chau Phi (OAU) thanh lap thang 5-1963, den n&m 2002 doi

thanh Lien minh chau Phi (AU), Lien minh chau Phi dang trien khai nhieu

chUcfng t r i n h chien lUcJc vi sif phdt trien cua chau luc

c a u 5 NhijCng net chinh ve qua trinh gianh v a bao v§ dpc l^p cf chSu MT

La-tinh txi s a u C h i e n t r a n h the gidfi thu! h a i

- Kh^c vdi chau A va chau Phi, nhieu nifdc d M l La-tinh sdm gianh ducJc doc

lap tir d&u the k i X I X sau k h i thoat khdi Ach thong t r i cua thifc dan Tay Ban Nha

va Bo Bko Nha Nhung, ngay sau do, ho lai bi le thuoc vao M i , t r d thanh thuoc

dia kieu mdi cua M i Sau ChiSn tranh the gidi thil hai, vdi lAi the ve k i n h te va

quSn sU, M i t i m each bien M i La-tinh thanh "san sau" cua minh v a xay diftig cac

ch§' d6 d6c tai than M i

- Cung v i the, cu6c da'u tranh chong che do doc tki than M i biing no va pMt

trien Ti§u bieu \k th^ng loi cua cdch mang Cu-ba difdi sU lanh dao ctia Phi-den

Cdt-xtcf-r6

- Thang 3-1952, vdi sU giup dd cua M i , Ba-ti-xta da thiet lap che do doc tai qukn

sir d Cu-ba Chinh quyin Ba-ti-xta xod bo hien phap tien bo, ca'm cdc dang phdi chinh

tri boat dong, hit giam va tan sat nhieu ngudi yeu nirdc Trong boi canh do, nhan

dan Cu-ba da dtmg len dau tranh chong ch&' do doc tai.'.Ngay 1-1-1959 che do

Ba-ti-xta sup do, nirdc Cong boa Cu-ba ra ddi do Phi-den Cat-xto-ro duTng dau

- N h ^ m ngan chan anh hirdng cua each mang Cu-ba, vao thang 8-1961, M i d l

xUdng viec to chdc "Lien minh v i tien bo" de loi k6o cac nude M i La-tinh Cung vi

the, tiT thap nien 60-70, phong trao da'u tranh chong M i v a chg' d6 doc tai than

M l d khu virc cang phdt trien v a thu nhieu thang loi

- Cung vdi nhiJng h i n h thdc ba't cong cua cong nhan, n6i day cua nong dfin ddi

rudng da't, da'u t r a n h nghi trirdng de thanh lap cdc chinh phu tien bo, cao trao

da'u tranh vQ trang bung no manh m e d M i La-tinh n6n khu virc nay diTcJc goi la

"luc dia bung chay" Phong trao da'u t r a n h vu t r a n g chong che do doc t a i d cdc nirdc Ve-ne-xu-e-la, Goa-te-ma-la, C6-16m-bi-a, P6-ru, Ni-ca-ra-goa, Ghi-le, E n

Xan-va-do da dien ra lien tuc

c a u 6 T i n h h i n h phat t r i e n k i n h te - xa hpi c u a c h a u Mi L a - t i n h s a u k h i gianh dpc lap dien r a nhrf the nao?

- Sau k h i khai phuc doc lap, gianh diroc chu quyen, cAc nirdc M i La-tinh birdc

vao tlidi k i xay dirng va phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, dat diroc nhieu thanh tiTu

d^ng khich le Mot so nirdc t r d thanh nirdc cong nghiep mdi (viet tat theo tieng Anh la NICs) nhif Bra-xin, Ac-hen-ti-na, Mg-hi-c6

- Trong thap nien 80 cua the k i XX, nhieu nirdc M i La-tinh rcfi vao tinh trang

suy thoai k i n h te nang ne, lam phat tang nhanh, khung hoang tram trong, no nUdc ngoai chong chat, dSn den nhOng bien dong ve chinh t r i

- Sau that bai trong vu tranh chap chu quyen quan dao Man-vi-nat vdi Anh

(thdng 4-1982), che do doc tki hi lat do d Ac-hen-ti-na, md dau qua t r i n h dan sir

hod chinh quyen d hang loat nUdc M i La-tinh khac: B6-li-vi-a (1982), Bra-xin

(1985), Ha-i-ti (1986), Chi-lg (1988), En Xan-va-do (1989) va U-ru-goay (1989)

- Birdc sang thap nien 90, nen kinh te M i La-tinh c6 chuyen bien tich ciTc ban

Ti le lam phat dugc ha xuong con dirdi 30%/nam, mot so nude dat mdc l i tudng nhu Me-hi-c6: 4,4%, B6-li-vi-a: 4,45%, Chi-le 4,6%, dau t u nude ngoai vao M i

La-tinh vdi khoi lUcfng Idn: 68 t i USD (1993) va tren 70 t i USD (1994), ddng

hang t h d hai sau Dong A Tuy nhien, tinh hinh kinh te cua nhieu nUde M i tinh eon gap khong i t khd khan, mau thuSn xa hoi la van de noi bat, tham

La-nhung da t r d thanh qud'c nan va ngan can sU phat trien k i n h te'

II C A U H6I TRIC NGHIEM cau 1 Trufdc C h i e n t r a n h the gidri thuT h a i , c a c ntfdfc de quoc nao thong tri n h i e u nhat d c h a u P h i ?

A De quoc Anh v a de quoc M i B De quoc Anh va de quoc Phdp

C De quoc Anh, Phdp va M i D Ta't ca cae de quo'c tren

cau 2 T h a n g Itfi c u a phong trao giai phong dan tpc ciia ni^drc nao d

chau A da co v u cac cupc da'u t r a n h c u a n h a n dan c h a u P h i ?

A Cua Viet Nam, Lao, Cam-pu-chia

B Cua Trung Quoc, A n Do

C Cua Viet Nam, Trung Quoc

D Cua Trung Quoc, A n Do va cae nUde Dong Nam A

c a u 3 P h o n g trao da'u t r a n h giai phong dan tpc d c h a u P h i s a u C h i e n

tranh the gidfi thvt nhat di§n r a sdm nhat d v u n g nao?

A Tay Phi B Bdc Phi C Nam Phi D Dong Phi

cau 4 Ngay 3 - 7 - 1952, di§n r a srf kipn lich svt ti§u bieu nao & c h a u Phi?

A 17 nude chau Phi gianh dUcfc dde lap

B Nhan dan An-gie-ri gianh duge doe lap

C. Nhan dan Li-bi gianh dUcfc doc lap

•^D Cuoc binh bien cua si quan va binh linh A i Cap lat do vUcfng t r i l u Pha-ruc

cau 5 V i sao nSm 1960 dS di vHo lich 8i3f vdi ten gpi Ik "Nftm chau Phi'7

A C6 nhi^u nUdc d chau Phi dtfgc trao tra doc lalp

B Chau Phi la chau luc c6 phong trao giai ph6ng d&n tpc phdt trien sdm

nha't, manh nhat

C C6 17 nudrc d chau Phi tuyen bo doc lap

D Chau Phi la "Luc dia m<Ji troi dfiy"

cau 6 TH cu6'i nhCng nam 70 ciia th#' k i XX, chii nghia thufc dan chi con

t6n tai dvCdi hinh thufc nao? ,

A Chu nghia thirc dan kieu cu B Chu nghia thifc dan kieu mdi

C Che do phan biet chung toe D Che do thuc dfin

cau 7 Stf k i ^ n nao dtfdi day gAn vdi t§n tuoi ciia Nen-xcto Man-de-la?

A Chien si noi tieng chong ^ch thong t r i cua bon thirc dan

B Lanh tu cua phong trao giai phong dan toe d An-gie-ri

C Lanh tu ciia phong tr^o giai phong dan toe d Ang-go-la

D Lanh tu cua phong trao dau tranh ch6ng ehe do phan biet chung toe or Nam Phi

cau 8 V i sao cupc d a u tranh chong c h u nghia phan bi^t chung tpc d

chau P h i difdc xep vao CUQC da'u tranh giai phong dan tpc?

A Che do phan biet chung toe do thuc dSn xSy difng va nu5i dudng

B Chu nghia phan biet chung tpc la mot hinh thdi cua ehu nghia thiTc d&n

C Chii nghia phan biet chung toe la con de ciia chii nghia thiTe dan

D Chu nghia phan biet chung toe c6 quan he mat thig't vdi chu nghia thi/c dSn.'

cau 9 Nam 1994, d chau P h i d i l n r a s\i kipn gi h i tham nhat trong cupc

xung dpt v a npi chien?

A Cuoc noi chien d Nam Phi B Cuoc npi ehig'n or Nam-bi-a

B Cupc xung d6t d An-gie-ri D Cupc n6i chien d Ru-an-da

cau 10 Trong so 43 quoc gia m a L i e n Hipp Qu6c xac dinh l a ngheo nha't

the gidi nfim 1997, thi d chau P h i c6 bao nhieu qud'c gia?

A 20 quoc gia B 19 quoc gia C 29 quoc gia D 34 quoc gia

cau 11 Cac ntfdrc chau P h i cung cpng d6ng quoc td' dang tim nhieu gi^i

phap de thao gS nhCfng kho khSn gi of chau Phi?

A Xung dot, ngheo d6i, benh dich

B Bung no dan s5', mu chCf, b^nh dich

C Phu thupc nude ngoai, benh dich, nghfeo doi

D Bung no dan so, benh dich, phu thupc nifde ngp^i

cau 12 Hay noi stf kipn d cpt B cho phu hdp vofi thtri gian d cpt A ve phong

trao giai phong dan tpc d chau Phi sau Chien tranh the gidi thijt hai:

A Cpng hoa nhan dSn Ang-g6-la thanh l§p ••

B Phap ki Hiep dinh £-vi-ang, cong nh$n dOc l&p cija An-gie-ri

C Tuy-ni-di gianh Igi dOc l$p

D Ga-na gianh Igi dOc l§p

E IVIa-rfi'c, Xu-dSng gianh dpc l$p

F Ghi-n§ gianh dOc l§p

G COng h6a Ai C§p dui?c thanh I5p

42

Cau 13 Thdng l ^ i to Idn v a g&y &nh hxtcfag sftu rpng doi vdi jjhong trao gi^i phong d&n tpc d chau P h i troAg giai doan 1960 - 1975 thSng Ipi

cda nhan dan nviforc nao?

A Th^ng IcJi cua nhan dan An-gie-ri B T h i n g lai cua nhan dan Mo-dam-bich

C Thang Icri cua nhan dan Ang-go-la D T h i n g lai cua nhan dan ]\[am Phi

cau 14 Dvfdi day l a cac giai doan phat trien ciia phong trao gi^i phong dan tpc of chau Phi, Hay danh dau (X) vao cac cpt dpc cho phu h ^ vdi ttoig giai doan

1) 17 niific chau Phi gianh dpc lap, gpi la "Nam chau Phi"

2) Hau het cac nu6c b Bac Phi va Tay

Phi gianh ducic d6c Igp

3) Phong trao giai ph6ng dan tOc

n6 ra s6m nhat b Bic Phi v6i

thang l(?i m6 dau cua each mang Ai Cgp

4) Hoan thanh cupc dau tranh danh

do nen thong tri thi^c dan cu

sau day noi v^ nhti^g kho cau 15 G h i dung (D) hoac sai (S) vao cac

khan ciia chau P h i

A Sir xam nhap ciia chii nghia thiic dSn mcJi va sir vP v6t b6c lOt v l kinh te

ciia c^c cudng quoc phat t r i i n phiTcfng Tay

B Lanh dao phpng trao dau tranh giai phong dan tpc hau het \k do giai ca'p tiT sar

C Np nirdc ngoai, doi ret, benh tat, mii ehuT

D Sir bung no ve dan so

E Sir phat trien khong dong d^u giOa cdc niTdc sau khi gianh dirpc dpc lap

I F Sir xung dot giOfa cdc bp tpc va phe phdi khdc nhau gSy n§n cue dien

khong on dinh

cau 16 X a c d i n h c a c sif k i p n c6 l i 6 n quan d e n phong trao each

mang d An-gie-ri v a Nam P h i theo yeu cau sau day:

1) An-gig-ri

2) Nam Phi

A Thang 8 - 1954, m^t tr§n dan tpc giai phong dU(?c thanh l$p

8 Ngay 1 - 11 - 1954, m$t tr$n phat dOng nhan dSn tien hanh cuOc I<h6i nghTa vu trang 6 viing ri/ng niii mien D6ng Nam

C iVIyc tieu dau tranh nh^m ch6'ng Igi chu nghTa A-pac-thai

D Lanh dgo phong trao la Ogi hOi dan tOc Phi (ANC)

E Thi/c dan Phap phai ki Hiep dinh £-vi-ang cong nhan dOc l$p, chu quyen va loan v?n lanh thd

F Sau khi gianh dOc lap da thi hanh nhieu chinh sach d6i nOi va d6'i ngoai tig'n bp ^ _

43

Cau 17 TWdc khi bi 1§ thu^c vao Mi, cac nvtdc chau Mi La-tinh Ik thupc

dia c^a:

A Anh vk Phdp B Tay Ban Nha va Bo Diio Nha

C Tay Ban Nha, Bo Dao Nha Anh D Ha Lan, Anh Phap

Cau 18 Sau Chien tranh the gioTi thuf hai, Mi dung vCu the gi de bien

chau Ml La-tinh thanh "san sau" em dem cua minh?

A Dung Lfu the ve nudc lang gieng B Dung ufu the ve vu khi hat nhfin

C Dung uu the've kinh te va quan sir D Dung liu the kinh te va tai chinh

Cau 19 De dat ach thong tri 6 cac nrfdc Mi La-tinh, Mi da lam gi?

A Xay diftig cac cSn cil quan sU khap c^c niTcJc Ml La-tinh

B Thuc hien chinh sach vien trcJ cho c&c nude Mi La-tinh

C Xay dung che do tiT tri d cdc ntfdc Mi La-tinh

D Xay diftig che do doc tai than Mi

Cfiu 20 Stf kipn nao dvCdc danh gia la tieu bieu nhat va la la ctf dau

trong phong trao giai phong dan tpc d Mi La-tinh sau Chien tranh the

gidri thvC hai?

A Thdng IcJi cua cdch mang Me-hi-c6 B Thdng Idi cua cdch mang E-cua-do

C Thdng Icfi cua cAch mang Cu-ba D Tat cd cdc sir kien tren

cau 21 Ke thu chu yeu ciia nhSn dan cac ntfdc MI La-tinh la ai?

A Che do phan biet chung toe

B Chu nghia thirc dan cu

C Che do tay sai phan dong cua chu nghia thirc dan m<Ji

D Giai cap dia chii phong kien

cau 22 TCr nhCng nSm 60 den nhfing nSm 80 cua the ki XX, phong trao dau

tranh cua nhan dan cac nvfdc Mi La-tinh diln ra dvCdi hinh thufc nao?

A Bai cong cua cong nhan B Dau tranh chinh tri

C Dau tranh vu trang D Sir noi day cua ngirdi d&n

cau 23 Stf ki§n lich suf nao md d^u cho each mang Cu-ba?

A Cuoc do bo cua tau "Gran-ma" len d§'t Cu-ba (1956)

cau 24 Trong thtri ki xay diAig va phat trien kinh te, cac midc nao d Mi

La-tinh trd thanh ntfdc cong nghipp mdfi?

A Bra-xin, Ac-hen-ti-na, Me-hi-c6, Cu-ba

B Bra-xin, Ac-hen-ti^na, Me-hi-c6

C Bra-xin, C6-16m-bi-a, Me-hi-c6

D Bra-xin, Ac-hen-ti-na, Goa-t&-ma-la

cau 25 Hay noi ten cac ntfdtc of Mi La-tinh g^n voTi hinh thulc dau tranh

giai phong dan tpc trong thofi gian tuf 1945 d§'n 1959 cho phu hotp

1) Cu-ba A) Khdi nghTa vu trang 2) Pe-ru B) N6'i dgy cija n6ng dSn 3) S-cua-do C) Dau tranh nghi vign 4) MMii-c6 D) Bai c6ng cue c6ng nhSn 5) Bra-xin

6) \/§-ng-xu-g-la 7) Pa-na-ma 8) B6-li-vi-a 9) Goa-t§-ma-la 10) Ac-hen-ti-na 1.1) Chl-le

Cau 26 Ghi diing (D) hoac sai (S) vao cac noi ve each mang Cu-ba 1959 dtfug trridfc cac cau sau day

Zl A De thirc hien fim mm chu nghia thiTc dan radi cua minh, Mi da thiet lap

che do doc t ^ i quan sir Ba-ti-xta d Cu-ba

_J B Lanh dao phong trao dau tranh giai phong ddn toe d Cu-ba \k Dang

Cong sdn Cu-ba do Phiden Catxtaro dufng ddu

n C Cuoc tan cong vao trai linh M6n-ca-da da md dau mot giai doan phdt

trien mdi ciia c^ch mang Cu-ba

Q D Nam 1955, Phiden CatxtarS dirge tra tir do va bi true xuat sang Ac-hen-ti-na

F each mang Cu-ba la "Id cb dau cua phong trao gidi ph6ng dfin toe" d

ChiCffng IV MI, T A Y A U , N H A T B A N (1945 - 2000)

S^/ 7 NUdC Ml

I C A U H 6 I T I J L U A N

CSu 1 H a y t r i n h b a y stf p h a t t r i e n k i n h te ciia MI sau Chi§'n t r a n h th§'

gldfi t h u : h a i N g u y e n n h a n c i i a srf p h a t t r i e n do

- Sau Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai, nen kinh te M i ph^t t r i i n manh me Bieu hi6n:

+ Tong san pham quoc dan tang binh quan h^ng nSm 1^ 9%

+ San lifong cong nghiep chiem hon mot nufa san lugng toan the gidi

+ Sdn Itfang nong nghiep tang 27% so vdi trUdc chien tranh

+ M l c6 hon 50% tau bfe di lai tr§n bien, chiem 3/4 trO lucfng vang the gidi

- Trong khodng 20 nam sau chi6n tranh, M i t r d th^nh trung tam k i n h te - t ^ i

chinh Idn nhat the gidi

- Sd di kinh te M i c6 dircfc su ph^t trien vii siJc manh to Idn nhiX vay 1^ do mot

so yg'u to sau:

+ Lanh thd M i rong Idn, tai nguyen thien nhien phong phii, k h i hau khd

thuan I d

+ M l c6 ngu6n nhan lire d6i dko, trinh d6 k i thuat cao, nSng dong, sdng tao

+ M l tham gia Chien tranh the gidi thiJ hai muon hcfn, ton that i t hcfn so

vdi nhieu nUdc khac Hon nOfa, M i con Igi dung chien tranh de lam giau, thu loi

nhuan tCr buon ban vu k h i

+ M l 1^ nude khdi dau cuoc cdch mang khoa hoc - k i thuat hien dai cua th§'

gidi Viec dp dung thanh cong nhOng thknh tOU cua cuoc cdch mang n^y da cho phep

M l nang cao nang suat lao- dong, ha gid thknh sdn pham vk dieu chinh hop l i ccr cau

sdn xuat

+ T r i n h do tap trung t u ban vk siin xuS't d M i rat cao Cdc tg hop cong

nghiep - quan sU, cac cong ty va tap doan t u ban lung doan M i (nhu Gie-ne-ran

M6-t6, Pho, Roc-pheo-lo ) c6 sijfc sdn xuat, canh tranh Idn vk hieu qua d ca trong vk

ngoai nifdc

+ Cdc chinh sdch va boat dong di^u ti§'t cua N h ^ nUdc cung c6 vai tr6 quan

trong thuc day k i n h te M i phat trien

C a u 2 N e u n h f i n g n e t c h i n h ve n h f l n g t h a n h t r f u k h o a hoc - k i t h u ^ t cua

M l sau C h i d n t r a n h t h e gidfi thuf h a i

- M l da dat dUdc nhieu thanh tifu Idn trong cuoc cdch mang khoa hoc - k i

thuat hien dai

- Trong va sau Chien tranh the gidi thiJ hai, nhieu nha kHoa hoc ndi ti§'ng cua

the gidi da di cu sang M i Dau tU cho giao due vk nghien ciju khoa hoc d M i rat Idn

- M i 1^ mot trong nhomg nUde di dau trong edc linh vifc ch§' tao c6ng cu sdn

xuat mdi (mdy t i n h dien ttJf, mdy t u dong), vSt lieu mdi (p6-li-me, vat lieu tong

hop); nang luong mdi (nang luong nguyen tijf, nhi§t haeh); san xufi't vu k h i (bom

nguyen t(l, bom k h i n h k h i , ten lufa dan dao); chinh phue vu t r u (dua ngtfdi len

Mat trang nam 1969, thdm hiem sao Hoa), v& di dau cuoc "cAch mang xanh"

trong nong nghiep v.v

4fi

- NhOfng th^nh tuu d6 kh6ng chi thiic da'y kinh t&' M i phdt trign, ma c6n c6

anh hudng Idn trgn to^n the' gidi

c a u 3 N e u nhi?ng net c h i n h v4 c h i n h sach dd'i ngoai c u a MI tii n S m 1945

dfe'n n a m 1973

- Vdi t i l m lUc ve kinh tg', va quSn sU to Idn, tif sau Chien tranh the gidi t h d

hai, M i da trien khai chien luoc toan cau vdi tham vong ba chu thg' gidi Thang 3-1947, trong dien van doc trudc Qudc hoi M i , Tdng thong H.Tru-man da cong khai neu len "Sd menh lanh dao thS' gidi t u do chong lai sir banh trudng ciia chu nghia cong san" Chien lirgc toan cdu cua M i dUcfc trign khai qua nhi^u hoc

thuyS't cua cac ddi tong thong M i

- Mac du cdc chien luoc cu the mang nhOng ten goi khac nhau, nhiftig chien

liTcfc toan cdu ciia M i nh&m thUc hien 3 muc tieu chu yeu:

+ Mot la, ngan chan, day lui va tien tdi tigu di$t hoan toan chu nghia xa hoi tren the gidi

+ Hai la, d^n dp phong trao chdng chien tranh, vi hoa binh, dan chu tren

th§' gidi

+ Ba la, khdng che, chi phdi cac nudc tif ban d6ng m i n h phu thuoc vao M i

thi/c hien cdc muc tieu chien lifOc tren day, chinh sdch co ban cua M i \k dua

vdo sdc manh, trade het la sdc manh quan sU va kinh te

- M i da khdi xUdng "chien tranh lanh" tren pham vi the gidi vd trUc tig'p hoac gidn tiep gdy ra nhieu cuoc chien tranh bao loan d nhieu noi tren the gidi

c a u 4 H a y t r i n h bay srf phat trien khong on d i n h ve k i n h te v a c h i n h tri - x a hpi Mi thori k i 1973 - 1991

- Wk kinh te:

+ N a m 1973, do tAc dong cua cuoc khung hod^g nang lifcfng the gidi, kinh tg' M i lam vao mot cuoc khung hoang vk suy thodi, k6o dki tdi nam 1982

+ Tir nam 1983 t r d di, kinh te M i phuc hoi vk phkt trien t r d lai, nhiTng

cung chi d toe do trung binh so vdi Tky Au va Nhat Ban Tuy vSn Ik nifdc ddng

ddu the gidi ve sdc manh k i n h te - tai chinh, nhifng t i trong cua k i n h te M i giam sut nhieu so vdi trudc

+ Khoa hoe - k i thuat M i tiep tuc sif phdt trien, nhimg ngay cang bi canh

tranh rko riet bdi Tay Au, Nhat Ban

- Ve chinh tri - xa hoi:

+ Tir nam 1974 den nam 1991, nUdc M i da trai qua 4 ddi tong thong, tU

G.Pho den G.Bu-so (cha) Sir that bai trong cuoc chien tranh Viet Nam da tkc

•Jong Idn den nude M i

+ Thdng 9-1974, Tong thong G.Pho da ra l§nh an xk cho ciiu Tong thd'ng

Nich-xcfn (vi tu Oa-to-ghet), khoan hong ddi vdi nhCmg ngudi dao ngu va trdn trdnh qudn dich trong thdi k i chien tranh Viet Nam

+ Trong thap nien 80, M i thue hien hoc thuyet kinh te Ri-gan, dat dugc mot sd ket qua nhat dinh, nhung nifdc M i van tiep tuc vd'p phai nhieu khd khan

Cau 5 N e u nhuTng net cof b a n ve c h i n h s a c h doi ngoai c u a Mi tit n&m

1975 de'n 1991

- Sau k h i hi tha't bai d Viet Nam (1975), ede chinh quyen M i van tiep tuc trien

khai chien luoc todn ciu va theo dudi "Chien tranh lanh" Dae bigt vdi hoc thuyet Ri-gan va chien lugc "Ddi dau triTc tiep" M i tang cUdng chay dua vu trang, can

47

thi§p vko c&c cong viec quo'c te d hau het cdc dia hkn chien liTdc va diem n6ng

tren the gidi

- Ttf giora nhOng nSm 80, M i va Lien X6 deu dieu chinh chinh sAch doi ngoai

Xu hirdng doi ngoai va h6a hoan ngay cang chiem UU the tren the gidi

- Th^ng 12-1989, M i va Li§n X6 da chinh thijfc tuyen bo cham durt "Chi§'n

tranh lanh", md ra thdi k i mdi tren triTdng quoc te Cuing vdi dieu do M i va cAc

nUdc phifcfng Tay cung ra sijfc tac dong vao quA trinh khiing hoang, dan den su

sup do cua CNXH d cAc niidc Dong Au vA Lien X6 (1989-1991) M i cung da gianh

di/gc thang loi trong cuoc Chien tranh vung Vinh chong I-rfic (1990-1991)

C a u 6 Neu nhiJng net chinh ve tinh hinh k i n h te, khoa hoc - k i thuglt

cua Mi ta nam 1991 den n&m 2000

- Tinh hinh kinh te:

+ Bade v^o nhiimg nSm dau ti§n cua thSp ni§n 90, kinh tg' M i lai Mm vho

mot dcrt suy thodi nSng ne

+ Tuy nhien, trong hai nhiem k i cam quyen cua Tong th6'ng B Clin-tcfn (tif

thdng 1-1993 den th^ng 1-2001), kinh te M i da c6 sU phuc hoi vk phAt trien trd

lai M I van 1^ nUdc c6 nen kinh te hang dau the gidi

- Khoa hoc - ki thuat:

+ M l van tiep tuc phat tri^n vdi d6i ngu cac chuyen gia dong nhat the gidi

-H M l chiem 1/3 so lifcfng ban quyen phdt minh sdng chg' ciia toan thg' gidi

c a u 7 Chinh sach doi ngoai cua Mi thfri k i B Clin-tota di§n ra nhtf the nao?

- Chinh quyen B Clin-tan "co ging ijfng dung ba gi^ t r i : cd hoi, trdch nhiem

va c6ng dong de vurat qua nhOfng thuf thach" Theo do, chinh quyen co gAng tao ccf

hoi them nhieu viec lam, md rong t h i triTdng \k tap trung ddu t u cho con ngUdi;

dong thdi doi hoi viec nang cao trdch nhiem ciia moi cA nhan, cua chinh phu va

ciia toan xa hoi tren cd sd doan kg't cong d6ng gia dinh, Mng giSng, dan tdc

- Trong bd'i canh chien tranh lanh ket thuc, trat t\i the gidi mdi chiTa dinh

hinh, d thap ni&n 90, M i da trign khai chien lucre "Cam ket va md rong" vdi ba tru

cot chinh la:

+ Bao dam an ninh vdi mot lire lutfng quan sif manh \k sSn s^ng chife'n dau cao

+ Tang cudng khoi phuc va phat trien tinh nang dong va sijfc manh n i n kinh

t§'Mi

+ SiJf dung khau hieu "dan chu" d nude ngoai nhu mot cong cu can thi§p vao

c6ng vi§c noi b6 cua c^c ntfdc khdc

- Vdi S I J T C manh kinh te, quan sU, khoa hoc - k i thuat ciia minh, trong b6'i cdnh

Li§n X6 ran ra M l c6 tham vong thiet lap mot trat i\l the gidi "dcfn circ" trong do

M l la sidu cirdng duy nhat dong vai tro chi phoi va lanh dao

I I C A U H 6 I T R A C N G H I E M

C S u 1 Trong khoang hai th|ip ni§n d^u sau C h i e n tranh the gidfi thuT

hai, da xuS't h i ^ n trung tam k i n h te, tai chinh nao?

A Trung tam kinh te, tai chinh M i , Tay Au

B Trung tam kinh te, tai chinh M i , Nhat Ban

C Trung tam kinh te, tai chinh M i , TSy Au, Nhat Ban

D M i la trung tam kinh te, tai chinh duy nhat ciia the gidi

c a u 2 Nguyen nhfin nao dtfdi dfty 16 erf hkrx nhat dtfa n4n k i n h tg' cda

jyli phat trien manh me sau C h i e n tranh the gidi thii" hai?

A Dua vao nhijfng thanh ti/u khoa hoc - k i thuat ciia th§' gidi

B Nhd tai nguyen thi§n nhien phong phu

C Nhd trinh do tap trung sAn xuat va tap trung tiT ban cao

D Nhd quan stf hoa nen kinh te, thu dUcfc nhieu loi nhuan trong chien tranh

c a u 3 Dac diem noi b^t nhat ciia n^n kinh t§' Mi sau chig'n tranh the gidi lagi?

A Vi t r i kinh te cua M i ngay cang giam sut tren toan th§' gidi

B M i hi cac nude Tay Au va Nhat Ban canh tranh quyet liet

C Kinh te phat trien nhanh, nhiftig khong on dinh vi thudng xuyen xdy ra

nhieu cuoc suy thoai

D Su chenh lech giau nghfeo ngay cang Idn

c a u 4 NhoT dau sau C h i e n tranh th§' gidi thrf hai M i co dpi ngu cac nha khoa hoc dong dao va noi tieng?

A Nhd hit cdc tU cAc nUdc trong chien tranh

B Nhd cac nha khoa hoc di cU tU cac nUdc den M i

C Nhd qua trinh tU dao tao tai M i

D Nhd M i la nude khdi dau cuoc each mang khoa hoe - k i thuat

c a u 5 Sau Chien tranh the gidi thxif hai Mi dau ttf rat Idn cho linh vijfc nao?

A Giao due va nghien cUu khoa hoe

B Khoa hoc - k i thuat

C Cong nghiep che tao cac loai vu k h i phuc vu chig'n tranh

D Tat ca cac linh vUe tren

c a u 6 Mi trd thanh trung tam kinh te - tai chinh duy nhat trong thdi gian nao?

A TU 1918 den 1945 C TU 1945 d§n 1975

B TU 1945 den 1950 D TU 1950 den 1980

c a u 7 Trong linh vi^c chinh phuc vu tni, Mi drfa ngifdi 16n Mat trSng vao nam nao?

A Nam 1961 B Nam 1967 C Nam 1969 D Nam 1970

Cfiu 8 Sau Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai, hai dang nao thay nhau c ^ quyen dMi?

A Ddng T u do va Dang Dan chii B Dang Cong hda va Dang Bao thu

C Dang xa hoi va Dang Cong hba D Dang Dan chu va Dang Cong hda

Cau 9 T\t nam 1945 dd'n nhiJug nam dao 70, ntfdc Mi trai qua ma'y ddi

t6ng thong? Do la nhijfng tong thong nao?

A Nam ddi tong thd'ng Dd la Ta-ru-man, Ai-xen-hao, Ken-na-di, Gion-xcfn,

Nich-xcfn

B- Bon ddi tong thong D6 la Ta-ru-man, Ai-xen-hao, Ken-ncf-di, Gion-xcfn

C sau ddi tong thong D6 la Ta-ru-man, Ai-xen-hao, Ken-ncr-di, Gidn-xcJn,

Nich-xcfn, Pho

Nam ddi tong thong D6 la Tcf-ru-man, Ai-xen-hao, Ken-ncf-di, Gion-xcfn,

Ri-gan

c a u 10 Dcrt tong thong n&o ciia M i g^n li4n vdi " C h i e n IvT^c toan cfiu"

p h a n e a c h mang?

A Ta-ru-man B Ken-ncf-di C Ai-xen-hao D Gion-xan

c a u 11. M l da b a n h a n h h a n g loat d^o lu§t p h a n dpng trong do c 6 dao

luat T a p - Hac-iay nhhm muc dfch, gi?

A Thuc hiSn che do phan biet chung toe

B Chong phong tr^o c6ng nhSn va DSng C6ng san M i boat dong

C Cb6'ng su noi loan cua tbe b6 tre

D Doi pb6 vdi pbong tr^o dau tranb cua ngtfdi da den

c a u 12 Diem giong n h a u trong chlnh d6'i ngoai c i a cac dcrt tong thong Ml

l a g i ?

A Chuan bi tien hanh "Chig'n tranh tong life"

B "Chi§'n lucjc toan cau h6a"

C Xdc lap mot trat t u thg' gidi c6 Idi cho M i

D "Chu nghia la'p cho trong"

c a u 13 Npi dung " C h i e n IvC^c toan c4u" cAa MI nhhm muc ti6u Ctf ban nao?

A Ngan chan, d^y luy roi tien tdi tieu diet cdc nUdc x a hoi chu nghia

B D&n dp phong trko giki ph6ng dan toe, khong chd' cdc nudc dong minh cua M i

C Thiet lap sir thong t r i tr6n to^n the gidi

D A, B, C dung

c a u 14 " C h i n h s a c h thi^c Iric" ciia M l l a gi?

A Chinh sdch xam liXdc thuoc dia

B Chay dua vu trang vdi Lidn X6

C Chinh sdch dUa vko suTc manh cua M i

D Th^nh ISp cdc kh6'i qufin sir

c a u 15 ChiS'n Irftfc "Ph&n ufng l i n h boat " v a " N g S n de thric t§' " l a h a i

c h i S n Itfofc ciia h a i ddi tong thong nao d Mi?

A "Phan ufng l i n h boat" ciia Ai-xen-hao v a "NgSn de thiTc tg" cua Gi6n-xcfn

B "Phdn ufng l i n h boat" cua Ai-xen-hao "NgSn de thirc te" cua Nich-xcfn

C "Phdn ting l i n h boat" cua Ken-ncf-di "Ngan de tbiTc t^" cua Nich-xon

D "Phdn umg l i n h boat" Gion-xcm va "Ngan de thuc te^ciia Nich-xon

c a u 16 T r o n g c h i e n Itf^c toan c ^ u c u a m i n h , M i d a l a m gi dd'i vdi cac

nxidc dSng m i n h ?

A Ngan chan sir canh tranh cua cac midc d6ng minh kh6ng cho viiat qua M i

B Bkn dp cdc nirdc dong minh de doc quyln

C Chi phoi cdc nirdc dong minh phu thuoc vao M l

D Canh tranh quyet liet doi vdi cAc niTdc dong minh

c a u 17 Ngoai nhitng t h a n h tuTu dat drfoTc, trong nhulng n S m tit 1945 den

1973, tinh h i n h k i n h td' ntfdc Mi nhvt thd' nao?

A Trai qua i t nha't 10 Ian khung bodng wk suy thodi

B Li§n tiep hi lam pbdt vk khung hoang

C Trdi qua i t nha't 9 Ian khung hoang wk suy thodi

D Trai qua it nbfi't 7 Idn kbiing bodng vk suy thodi

c a u 18 Nam 1973, k h i cupc k h u n g ho^ng n&ng Itfofng thd' gidri bung n6

thi tinh h i n h k i n h te c u a Mi nhif th6' nao?

A K i n h te M i vSn on dinb wk phkt trien binb tbiTdng

50

B K i n h t§' M i M m v^o cu6c khung hoSng suy thodi

C K i n h te M i chi giam sut m6t ph^n khong ddng ke

D Kinh te M i c6 dieu kien phkt trien hcfn triTdc

cau 19 Nam 1981, d Mi d i l n r a s\f k i ^ n gi c6 li&n q u a n d e n tong thong?

A MiTu sdt Tong thong Pho B Mmj skt T6ng thSng Ri-gfin

C Miru sat Tong thong Bu-sa D Lat dd Tdng thdng B Clin-tan

cau 20 G h i thofi gian d i l n r a nhilbg v u bS boi v^ c h i n h t r i v a k i n h te d ]VIi trong nhiTng n a m 1960-1980 vao b a n g dtfdi day:

1) 2)

3.-A) Tong thS'ng Ken-no-di bj am s^t

B) TSi li^u mat \iu Nam gdc, vg Oa-tci-gh§'t bupc Nich-xon phSi tif chiJc

C) Vg C6ng-td-ra-ghg't va l-ran-gh§'t

cau 21 G h i diing (D) hoac sai (S) vao c a c 6 • duTdi day n o i v l m u c tieu

" C h i e n Itf^c toan c ^ u " ciia Mi

D A Loi keo c&c nirdc trong the gidi tU ban de chong LiSn X6 va cac niTdc xa

hoi chu nghia

• B Ngan chan, diy lui, roi ti§n tdi ti§u diet ckc nirdc xa hoi chu nghia

• C Dan ap phong trko giai pbdng dkn toe, phong trko e6ng nhan vd pbong

trao h6a binb dan chu the gidi

• D Thanh lap eke kbdi qukn sii d khdp thg' gidi di chu£n b i c h i i n tranh tS'ng lire, tieu diet eke nirdc xa h6i chu nghia

• E Khong che, no dich eke nUde dong minh ciia M i

c a u 22 Dori tong th6'ng nao c u a M i thtfc h i # n chi§'n \vtdc "Chi§'n tranh

cue bp" d V i ? t Nam?

A Tong thong Gion-xcfn B Tdng thong Nich-xcfn

C TSng th6'ng Ken-rtcf-di D Tdng thSng Ai-xen-hao

c a u 23 T h a t b a i n^ng ne nha't c u a d§' qu6'c M i trong q u a t r i n h thtfc h i ^ n

" C h i e n Irfdc toan c ^ u " bdi:

A Tbdng Icri ciia cdeb mang Trung Qu5c nam 1949

B Tbdng Icfi ciia ekeh mang Cu-ba nam 1959

C Thdng Icfi ciia ekeh mang Hoi gido I-ran nam 1979

D Th^ng Idi ciia ekeh mang Viet Nam nam 1975

c a u 24 Thofi diem nao n e n k i n h te Mi khdng con chi§'m tfu the t u y ? t dd'i trong n i n k i n h t6' the gidi?

A NhOrng nam 60 (the k i XX) B NbCTng nam 70 (the k i XX)

C Nhutng nam 80 (the k i XX) D NbCTng nam 90 (th§' k i XX)

c a u 25 Nguyen n h a n nao khdng tao d i l u k i $ n cho n I n k i n h t6' Mi phat tri^n trong v a s a u Chig'n tranh th#' gidi thuT h a i ?

A Khong bi chien tranh tan pbd

B Duae yen on skn xufi't va ban vu k h i cho cdc nUdc tham ehi§n

C Tap trung san xufi't va tir Mn cao

D Tien hanh chi§'n tranh xkm liTcfc va n6 dich eke nUdc

Cau 26 Ntfdc nao khcrt d^u cu^c each mang khoa hoc - k i thufit l & i thuT hai?

A Anh B Phap C M i D Nhat

51

Cau 27 Trong cac lien minh quHn stf dridri dfiy, li§n minh nao kh6ng

phai do M l lap nen?

A Kh6'i NATO B KhS'i Vacsava C Khoi SEATO D A, B, C dung

cau 28 Khoi quSn suf NATO do MI cam dAu con goi la khoi gi?

A Khoi Nam Dai Tfiy Ducfng B Khoi B^c Dai Tfiy Duong

C Khoi Dong Dai Tay Duong D Khoi Tay Nam Dai Tay Duong

Cau 29 Hay s^p xg'p cac dori tong thong Mi theo dung trinh tri thofi gian:

A T(J-ru-man B Ri-gan C Nich-xan D Ai-xen-hao

E Ken-no-di G Gion-xcrn F. Bu-sa H B Clin-ton

cau 30 Mi va Lien X6 di^u chinh chinh sach doi ngoai theo xu hvtdng

doi thoai va hoa hoan trong thdi gian nao?

A Tir nhCmg nam 70 ciia the ki XX

B TCr sau that bai ciia Mi trong chien tranh xfim ILTOC Viet Nam

C TCr nhGng nSm 80 cua thg' ki XX

D Tif nhaig nam 90 cua the ki XX

cau 31 Thang 12 - 1989, diln ra sri ki$n gi trong chinh sach doi ngoai

giifa Mi va Lien X6?

A Mi va Lien X6 ki Hiep \i6c X6- Mi de cha'm diJt chay dua vQ trang

B MI va Lien X6 hop tdc vdi nhau de chong lai T&y Au va Nhat Ban

C Mi va Lien X6 tuyen bo khong can thiep vao lanh tho ciia nhau

D Ml va Lien Xo chinh thufc tuyen bo cha'm d(Jt chien tranh lanh

cau 32 Tut thang 1 - 1993 d§'n thang 1 - 2001, tong thS'ng nao cam quyen

dMi?

A Bu-sd B B Clin-ton C Ph* D Ri-gan

cau 33 Trong linh vtfc doi npi ciia Mi, Tong thd'ng B Clin-toTn "co g^ng

ap dung ba gia tri", do la gi?

A Ca hoi, trach nhiem va cong dong B Ccf h6i, trach nhiem va quyen hanh

C Ca h6i, quyen hanh va thiTc luc D Thifc luc, hieu qua va co h5i

cau 34 Vao th|ip nien 90, Mi sijf dung khau hi^u "dan chii" d nrfdc ngoai

nhkm miic dich gi?

A Lam cong cu de thong tri cdc nUdc khdc

B. Lkm binh phong de xam luoc cdc nvtdc kMc

C Lam cong cu can thiep vao cong viec noi bo ciia cdc nUdc khdc

D Lam cho difa de xam luoc cAc n\S6c khdc

pgoai cf Tay Au sau Chien tranh th§' gidi thuT hai (1945 - 1950)

Ve kinh tfe', Chien tranh the gidi thiif hai da di lai cho cac nude Tay Au nhieu

hSu qua nang ne

+ Nhieu thanh pho, nha may, ben cang, khu cong nghiep, dUcrng giao thong bi

tan pha Hang trieu ngiT&i chet, mat tich hoac bi tan phe Nifdc Diifc c6n bi luc

lUOng Dong minh chiem d6ng va chia cat d Phdp, nam 1945, san xuat cong

nghiep chi b^ng 38% va nong nghiep chi b^ng 50% so vdi nam 1938; I-ta-li-a t6n tha't khoang 1/3 ciia cai quoc gia

+ Tuy nhien, vdi siT co gdng cua timg btfdc va vien tro cua Mi trong khuon kh6'

"Kg' hoach Mdc-san", den khodng nam 1950, nen kinh te ciia hau h§'t cac nude tir ban Tay Au da co ban phuc hoi, dat miirc trirdc chien tranh

- VI mat chinh tri, tuy cac nudc Tay Au c6 nhCmg the che kh&c nhau nhifng diu theo che do dai nghi (mot vi§n hoac hai vien), diu la nin chuyen chinh cua

giai ca'p tu san Uu tien hang dau trong chinh sach d6'i ngi va d6'i ngoai cua cac nifdc Tay Au khi do la cung co chinh quyen cua giai ca'p tU san, 6'n dinh tinh hinh

chinh tri - xa hpi, hkn gin vet thuong chi§'n tranh, phuc h6i nSn kinh t§'

- VI mat doi ngoai, cdc nifdc Tfiy Au lien minh chat che vdi Ml trong cu6c chi§'n tranh lanh doi d^u vdi Lien X6 va cdc nUdc XHCN, dong thdi tim each quay trd lai cai tri cac thuoc dia cu ciia minh

+ Nhieu nirdc Tay Au nhiT Anh, Phap, I-ta-li-a, Bo Dao Nha, Bi, Ha Lan v.v

da tham gia khS'i quan sir NATO (thanh lap nam 1949) do Mi diJng dau

+ Phap da tien hanh xam liTOc trd lai D6ng Duong; Anh trd lai Mien Di§n, Ma

Lai; Ha Lan trd lai In-do-ne-xi-a v.v

+ Tren phan lanh th6 Tay Diic da thanh lap Nha nUdc CHLB Bdc (thdng 9-1949)

Tay Dure va Tay Bec-lin trd th&nh mot tam diem d6'i diu d chau Au giCte hai cut X6 - Ml cau 2 Srf phat trien kinh t6' ciia Tay Au tijf ndm 1950 den 1973 nhvC th§' nao? Nguydn nhan ciia svC phat trien do

• Su phat trien kinh te:

+ Sau giai dean phuc hoi (1945-1950), tiT thkp ni§n 50 dfe'n dau nhCttig nSm 70,

n^n kinh t6' ciia c6c nUdc tu h&n chu y6'u d TSy Au dIu c6 sU phdt trign nhanh

+ Dilu ddng chu y 1^ qu^ trinh lien kg't khu vuc d Tay Au ng^y c^ng dien manh mg vdi sU hinh th^nh C6ng d6ng kinh tg' chau Au (EEC - 1957), sau trd

thanh Cong dong chau Au (EC-1967)

+ TCr diu thap nien 70 trd di, Tay Au da trd thanh m6t trong ba trung tarn

Kinh te - tai chinh Idn cua the gidi (cung vdi Ml va Nhat Ban) Cac nUdc tu ban

chu y§-u d Tay Au nhu Anh, Phap, CHLB DiJc, I-ta-li-a, Thuy Di6'n, PhAn Lar

^•v dIu c6 nin khoa hoc - ki thuat phat triln cao, hi§n dai

- Nguyen nhdn phat triin:

+ cac nudc nay da phat trign va dp dung thanh c5ng cAc thanh tuu cua

mang khoa hoc - ki thuSt hign dai dg tang nfing suat lao d^ng, nSng cao

cha't lugng, ha gia thanh sdn ph^m

53

+ Nha nude d6ng vai tr6 IcSn trong vi$c qu4n l i , di^u ti§'t, thiic d^y n i n

kinh te

+ Cdc ntfdc ttf hAn d T&y Au da t&n dung t6't c&c ca h^i ben ngo^i d l p h i t

t r i l n nhU nguon viSn trO ciia M i , tranh thu dtfoc gid nguyen li§u tCf c&c ntfdc

thuoc th§' gidi thur ba, hop tAc c6 hieu qud trong khu6n khd cua Cong d6ng chfiu

Au (EC) v.v

+ Sif no lUc lao dong cua cdc tdng Idp nhdn d&n

Cfiu 3 K h a i quat ve tinh h i n h c h i n h t r i v a c h i n h s a c h d6'i ngo^i d T S y

A u giai doan 1950 - 1973

- V4 chinh t r i , giai doan 1950-1973 ddnh dS'u sU ti§p tuc phdt trien cua n i n

dan chu tir san d Tay Au, dong th&i cung ghi nhan nhCtng biS'n d6ng ddng chii y

tren chinh trirerng nhieu niTdc trong khu vifc

- Ve mat d6'i ngoai, trong khuon khd cua chig'n tranh lanh vk tr&t tu th§' gidi

hai circ I-an-ta, tif nam 1950 den nam 1973, nhiSu ni/dc tU bdn Tfiy Au mot mat

vSn tiS'p tuc chinh sdch lien minh chat che vdi M i , mat khdc da no life md rong

hon nOa quan hg d6'i ngoai

Giai doan 1950-1973 cung chuTng kig'n sir sup do cua chii nghia thifc d&n cQ ciia

Anh, Phap, Ha Lan, Bo Dao Nha tren pham vi tokn the gidi

C a u 4 T i n h h i n h k i n h t6'd T S y A u txt n S m 1973 den 1991 nhvC th§' nao?

- Do tac dong cua cuoc khung hodng nang liTOng the gidi, cung nhu M i va

Nhat Ban, tU 1973, nhieu nUdc tU ban chu yeu d Tay Au b i lam vao khung hodng

va suy thoai hoac phdt trien khong on dinh Mo dai dg'n dau thap nign 90

- Tuy vfin la m6t trong ba trung tam kinh t§' - tai chinh Idn ciia the gidi,

nhiftig k i n h te tiX ban chu nghia d TSy Au gap khSng i t khd khan

+ Su phat trien thirdng dien ra xen ke vdi khiing hoang, suy thodi vk lam

phat, tha't nghiep

+ Tay Au luon gap phai axi canh tranh quyet liet tii phia M i , Nhat Ban va

cac nirdc c6ng nghiep mdi (NICs) Qua t r i n h "lien hop hod" Tay Au trong khu6n

khd cua cong dong chau Au (EC) van c6n nhieu kho khan va t r d ngai

C a u 5 N#u n h C n g net c h i n h ve tinh h i n h c h i n h t r i - x a hpi d TAy A u

trong giai doan 1973 ^ 1991

- Chinh trUdng Tay Au cd phdn dn dinh hcfn so vdi giai doan 1945-1973

Nhong ben canh sU phat trien, xa hoi Tay Au vSn bpc loc nhomg mat trai cua n6

Sir phan hoa giau nghfeo ngay cang Idn

- cac te nan xa hoi nhiT hoi 15, tham nhung, bao lire, ma tuy, mai dam vfin

thirdng xuyen xay ra, trong dd toi pham ma-phi-a la rat d i l n hinh d I-ta-li-a C6n

d CHLB Ddc, t i n h than bai ngoai, bai Do Thai va ckc td chdc phdt x i t mdi vSn

tdn tai va hoat dong; cdc van de s^c toe va ton gido lai nay sinh rfi't phufc tap d

Anh lien quan den dao Thign Chua vk dao T i n Lanh cung nhiT phong trdo doi ddc

lap d B^c Ai-len

- Ve mat doi ngoai, thdng 11-1972, hai nirdc Dure k i "Hiep dinh ve nhOmg ccf sd

cua quan he giCTa Dong Ddc va Tay Ddc", theo dd, CHLB Dufc va CHDC Ddc cam

ket ton trong doc lap va quyen tU quyet ciia nhau, khong de doa va xam pham

iSn nhau Tiep dd ve viec cdc nUdc T&y Au tham gia Dinh iTdc Hen-xin-ki (1975)

54

I An ninh vk Hop tkc chau Au Thdng 11-1989, buTc tudng B6c-lin bi pha bo, sau

d6 khfing lau, nUdc Ddc da tdi thong nha't (3-10-1990). Sif kien nky g6p phan'iam

tan r a CHXH d Dong Au la LiSn X6 Trong n a m 1991, 12 nifdc thdnh vi§n EC da

ki HiSp i^<*c Ma-a-xtrich ddnh dau birdc chuydn tCr Cdng dong chdu Au (EC) sang Lien minh chdu Au (EU)

cam 6 Srf phuc hoi v a phat t r i e n k i n h t6' ciia T S y A u trong thgp ni#n

cu6'i cung c d a the k i XX the h i f n nhrf th#' nao?

Bifdc vao d^u thap nien 90, nSn kinh tg' nhieu nude Tay Au da t r a i qua mdt

dcJt suy thoai ngin

• Tir khodng 1994 t r d di k i n h te T&y Au da Mt dAu phuc hdi va phat tridn t r d

lai Nam 2000, mdc tang trudng cua kinh te Phap la 3,4%, Anh la 3,1%, Ddc la

3,0% la I-ta-li-a Ik 2,9% Tay Au vSn la mot trong ba trung t a m kinh te - tki

chinh Idn nhat the gidi Den giuTa thdp ni§n 90, chi ri§ng 15 nUdc thdnh vi§n E U c6 sd dan tdng cong 375 trieu ngudi, GDP hcfn 7000 t i USD, chiem khoang 1/3

tdng san pham cong nghigp cua the gidi v § n gin 50% gid t r i xua't khd'u vd hon

- Qud t r i n h lien ket ciia cdc thdnh vien E U t r d nen chat che hon Ng'u nhu

Anh van duy t r i lien minh chat chg vdi M i , t h i Phdp vd Ddc dd t r d thdnh nhdng

doi trong vdi M i trong nhieu van de qude te juan trong Tuy nhien, t£t ca cdc

nude Tdy Au deu chu y md rong quan he khong chi vdi cdc nude tU ban phdt trien khdc md e6n cd vdi cac nude dang phdt trien d A, Phi, M i La-tinh cung nhu vdi cdc nude D6ng Au vd Li§n Xd cQ

CSu 8 Q u a t r i n h h i n h t h a n h v a phat t r i ^ n c u a L i d n m i n h chfiu A u ( E U )

dien r a nhrf thg" n^o? M6i quan h ? givta Vi« t N a m vdri E U

^ Sau Chien tranh the gidi t h d hai, cung vdi xu the todn cau hod, khuynh hudng li6n ket khu vue cung dien ra manh me tren the gidi, md tieu bidu la qud t r i n h

hinh thdnh^ vd phdt trien ciia Lien minh ehau Au (EU)

- Ngdy 18 - 4 - 1951, Hiep udc Pa-ri dugc k i k e t g i a a 6 nude Phdp, Ddc, I-ta-li-a, Bi, Ha Lan, Lue-xam-bua d l thanh Idp C6rg ddng Than - Th6p chdu Au •

- Ngdy 25-3-1957, sdu nUdc k i Hiep udc R6-ma thdnh Idp "Cong ddng kinh te cndu Au" (EEC)

- Nam 1975, phdt trign thdnh 9 nude vdi sU than, gia cua Anh, Ai-len, Dan Maeh

- N a m 1981 thdnh 10 nUdc vdi suf tham gia eua H i Lap

- Ndih 1986 thanh 12 nude vdi su tham gia ciia Tay Ban Nha, Bo Dao Nha

- Den ngdy 7-12-1991 cdc nirdc thdnh vien EEC dd k i tai Hd Lan ban Hiep

Oc Ma-a-xtrich (Hd Lan), cd hi§u luc tCr 1-1-1993, ddi ten thdnh Lien minh ehdu

Au (EU)

- N a m 1994, k§'t nap them ba thanh vi§n mdi Id Ao, Phan Lan, Thuy Didn

" ^Sky 1 - 5 - 2004, kdt nap thgm 10 thdnh vien Dong Au, ndng tdng sd

^•^dnh vi§n E U len 25 nude

55

- E U ra ddi kh6ng chi nhkm hc/p t&c giOfa cAc nude th&nh vi§n trong llnh vifc kinh

te, ti^n t§ c6n li§n minh trong linh vuc chinh t r i (nhu xdc dinh luat c6ng dan

chau Au, chinh sAch doi ngoai vk an ninh chung, Hife'n phdp chung v.v )

- Moi quan he giOfa Viet Nam vdi E U difdc hiiu hi§n:

+ Thdng 10 - 1990, E U thiet lap quan he ngoai giao vdi Vi§t Nam

+ Thdng 7 - 1996, E U Vi&t Nam k i Hi§p dinh Hdp tac toan dien

11 C A U H 6 I T R A C N G H I E M

C S u 1 Nguy§n nhSn khach quan nao giiip cac nvtdc T a y A u h6i phuc

k i n h te, dat mufc trtfdfc C h i e n tranh th§' gidi thuf hai?

A Nh& sU tap trung sdn xuS't tSp trung tU hAn

B Nhd sif vi$n trcf cua M i trong khuon kho "Kd' hoach Mdc-san"

C Nhd sU hap tdc ti/cfng trc< giOfa ode nUcJc Tay Au

D Nh6 CO gdng vi/dn len cua tiftig nifdc T&y Au

C&u 2 Thi che' chfnh tri theo k i e u vtfofng quoc d cac ntfoTc T a y A u sau

Chign tranh the gidi thuf h a i g6m nhuTng nvTdtc nao drfdi dfiy?

A Anh, Tay Ban Nha, B6 Dao Nha, Phdp B Phdp, Dufc, I-ta-li-a, m Lan

C A n h , Tay Ban Nha, Bk Lan D Anh, Phdp, Tfiy Ban Nha, Bi

C ^ u 3 Diem nao di^oTi d&y kh6ng thuQC di$n vfu ti§n hang dSu trong chfnh

s^ch d6i nOi dd'i ngoai d cac nvtdc T&y Au tit nSkm 1945 dg'n 1950?

A Cung CO chinh quyen cua giai cap tU san

B On dinh tinh hinh chinh tri - xa hoi, h^n gdn vet thUcfng chi§'n tranh

C Gay chien tranh x&m \\iac cdc nirdc di md r6ng thi trUdng

D Phuc h6i kinh t&' sau chi§'n tranh

C&u 4 Diem nao dvtdi d&y l a diem noi b^t trong chfnh sach dd'i ngoai

cua cac ni^drc T ^ y A u tit n&m 1945 den 1950?

A Li§n minh chat che vdi M i trong viec thiTc hien chiS'n tranh lanh

B Lien ket chat che vdti nhau de chS'ng lai Li§n X6 va cac nUdc xa hoi chu nghia

C Thanh lap cac khS'i quan sU d cac nUdc thu6c dia cu

D Md r^ng quan h$ ngoai giao vdi Mi di nhan vi$n trd cua Ml

C&u 5 S a u Chi§n tranh thS' gidi thuT hai, vung nao trd thanh tSm diem

dd'i d^u d chfiu Au giffa h a i cijfc X6 - Mi?

A D6ng Dure va D6ng B6c-lin B Tay Bdc vk Tay B6c-lin

C Tay Au va Dong Au D Tat ca cac vCing tr&n

C a u 6 Ttt nfim 1845 dd'n 1950, dd'i trpng ciia cac nrfdc Tfiy A u 16:

A Li6n X6 va ckc nUdc xa h6i chu nghja

B cac nude thu6c dia d A, Phi, Mi La-tinh :

C cac nude trong khd'i xa h6i chu nghia d D6ng Au

D Mi, Nhat va cac nude trong khoi NATO

C S u 7 D e n d&u th&p niSn 70 cua thd' k i XX, tinh hinh kinh td' nvtdc Ph&p

nhvt thS' nao?

A Mdi dUdc phue h6i va dat mile trude chien tranh

B Trd thanh eUdng qu6'c c6ng nghiep dutag thU 5 trfin th§' gidi

C Trd thanh cUdng qu6c c6ng nghiep dilng thuf 2 trSn thS' gidi

D Diing ddu chau Au v l s&n xufi't va nhap kH^u cac mat hang c6ng nghiep

C&Vi 8 Nam 1957, st^ Ii#n ket k h u vtfc d T a y A u d i i n r a manh me dvCdi hinhthuCc:

A Cong d6ng kinh t§' ch&u Au B Cong dong tucfng tra kinh te TSy Au

C Cong dong chauAu D Lien minh kinh te chauAu

C&u 9- Vao thdi diem nao T&y A u trd thanh mpt trong ba trung t&m kinh

te' tai chinh c u a th§' gidi?

A TU dau thap nien 60 cua the k i XX trd di

B TCf dau thap nien 70 cua the k i XX trd di

C Tif dau thap nien 80 cua the k i XX trd di

D- Tif dau thap nien 90 cua the k i XX trd di

Cau 10 Y e u to nao drfdi day khong phai l a nguy§n nhan thuc day kinh

tg' cac nifdc T a y A u phat trien?

A Ap dung nhcmg thanh t u khoa hoc - k i thuat hien dai vao trong san xua't

B Nha nude dong vai tr6 Idn trong viec qudn li, diSu tiet, thiic day nen kinh te

C Tan dung cac cd h6i bSn ngoai de phat trien kinh te

D Su no lUc b6c lot cua cac nhk tU ban doi vdi cong nhan trong nUdc va nUdc ngoai C&u 11 C a c nxfdc trong the gidi thuT ba da gop mpt phan trong stf phat trig'n kinh te d T&y A u tijf nSm 1950 dS'n 1973, do la:

A La t h i trUdng tieu thu hang hoa cua cac nUdc Tay Au

B L a ndi cung cap nguy§n lieu re tien cho cac nUdc Tay Au

C La ndi cung cap nguon nhan cong re mat cho ckc nUdc Tay Au

D La ndi t h i diem cac mSt hang cua cac nUdc Tay Au

Cau 12 The che chfnh tri c u a nufdc Phap tuf n&m 1950 den 1973 la:

A Cong h6a dai nghi B C6ng hoa lien bang

C Quan chu lap hien D Cong hba dan chu tU sdn

c a u 13 Ntfdc Cpng hoa Lifen bang Bvtc chfnh thufc gia nh|ip v a khd'i

NATO va thdi gian nao?

A Thang 5 nam 1955 B Thang 7 nam 1955

C Thang 8 nam 1955 D Thang 5 nam 1956

c a u 14 Khoi quan stf NATO dd'i lap vdi khd'i nao tren the gidi?

A Khoi Cong dong chau Au

B KhS'i Hiep Udc Vac-sa-va

C Khoi quan SU CENTO ,

D Khoi Hiep Udc ph6ng thu chung D6ng Nam A

c a u 15 X u hiTdng dd'i ngo^i phij thupc c h § t che vao M i ciia cac nrfdc

Tay A u tvt n&m 1950 dfe'n nfim 1973 g6m nhOng ntfdc:

A Phap, Thuy D i l n , Ph&n Lan

B Tay Ban Nha, Bo Dao Nha, Anh, Tay DUc

C Anh, Tay Dure, I-ta-li-a

f D Tgt cd cac nude d Tay Au

Jfiu 16 X u hiTdng dd'i ngoai k h i n g dinh y thuTc ddc lap c u a cac nridc T a y

tvt n&m 1950 dd'n nfim 1973 g6m nhffng ntfdc:

A Phap, Thuy Die'n, Phdn Lan B Tay Ban Nha, B6 Dao Nha, Anh, Tay DU

C Anh, Tay DUc, I-ta-li-a, Phap D Phdp, Tay Ban Nha, Anh

CSu 17 Ttf nam 1973 A&'n trxtdc th^p n i 6 n 90 cda th6' ki XX, tinh hinh

kinh te d Tay Au nhuf th6' nao?

A On dinh ph&t trifo nhanh ch6ng

B Lam vko khiing hoang va suy thodi

C Ph6t trien binh thu&ng

D Lam vao khung hoang va suy thodi ho&c phdt trien khong 8n dinh

Cau 18 TvC nam 1973 dS'n d^u th^p nien 90 cua the ki XX, cac ntfdc'Tay

Au ludn canh tranh vdfi:

A MI, Nhat Bdn

B Ml, Nhat Ban va cac nude trong the gidi thiir ba

C Ml, Nhat Ban vk cAc nUdc cong nghiep m<Ji

D Khong canh tranh v6i niftJc nko ca,

Cau 19 Ngay 3 - 10 - 1990 da diln ra suf ki?n gi dd'i vdri nrfdrc DuTc?

A Burc tudng B6c-lin ngSn each giOa Dong Dijfc vk Tay Dufc bai bo

B Nude Dure duac tdi thong nha't

C Hai nifdc Dufc ki "Hiep dinh v l nhuTng ccr sd cua quan h§ giOTa Dong DiJc vk

T&y DiJc"

D Hiep irdc ton trong doc lap chu quyen giOfa hai nxidc Dufc dUcfc ki ket

cau 20 Trong nSm 1991, 12 ntfoTc thanh vien E C da kf Hi?p \idc

Ma-a-xtrich danh da'u brfdfc chuyen bien gi?

A Chuyen tif Cgng dong chau Au sang Lien minh chfiu Au

B Chuyin tif Cong dong chSu Au sang H6i d6ng tUcfng trcf kinh t§' chfiu A u

C Chuyen tCr Lien minh chau A u sang Cong dong chau A u

D Chuyen tiT Cong dong chau A u sang Cong dong kinh te ch&u A u

cau 21 Khoi thi triidng chung chau Au (EEC) ra ddri vao nam nao?

A.1954 B.1955 C.1956 D.1957

cau 22 Cac thanh vien dau tien cua Khoi thi trvTofng chung chau Au

(EEC) gom:

A Anh, Phdp, DiJfc, Bi, I-ta-li-a, Ha Lan

B Anh, Phap, Dure, Ha Lan, Bi, Tay Ban Nha

C Phdp, Tay Dure, I-ta-li-a, Bi, H^ Lan, Luc-xem-bua

D Phdp, Dufc, Bi, Ha Lan, I-ta-li-a, Bo D^o Nha

cau 23 Nam 1973, Khoi thi trtfctag chimg chau Au c6 thdm nhOng nvC&c nao?

A Tay Ban Nha, Bo D^o Nha v^ Anh B Anh, Ai-len, Dan Mach

C Ao, Phan Lan, Thuy Dien D A o , Anh, Tay Ban Nha

cau 24 Ghi diing (D) hoac sai (S) vao cac 6 • dtfoTi day ve nguydn nhan

phat trien kinh te cua Phap sau Chi§n tranh th§' gidfi thii: hai, nha't la tit

nam 1950 den 1973

I I A Nhd thu lai nhuSn trong Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai

I I B Nhd cuoc edeh mang khoa hoc - ki thuat lan thuf hai

[Zl C Gid nhap nguyen ligu tix ckc nifdc Tay A u r^

n D Chinh skch md cufa ciia nhk nUde ra thi triTdng chau A u vk th§' gidi

CD E Nhd tki nguySn, thien nhien phong phii

I I F Vai trd dilu tiet nen kinh t§' cua nhk nUde cd hi$u quA

58

C&a 25 Hfiy nd'i srf ki^n d c^t B oho phu v<W thofi gian d opt A sau d&y:

2) 5 - 1947 3) 5 - 1958 4) 1 - 6 - 1958 5) 10-1958

A Qufi'c hOi Ph^p chuy§'n giao chfnh quySn vSo tay tudng Dd-g6n

B HiS'n phap cua ngn COng hoa thif nam & PhSp duipc ban h^nh

C Nen COng hba thif ti/ cua Ph^p dir(?c thig't l^p

D NhOng th§' li/c cijfng dn da tig'n hanh cuOc d3o chinh S An-gig-ri, d6i thSnh l$p 6 Phap mOt "chinh quygn vQng mgnh"

E NhOng ngi/cii cOng san Phap bj ggt ra kh6i chfnh phu

cau 26 Danh da'u (X) vao cpt dpc dvtdi d&y cho phu h ^ vdi cac nvfdrc

Phap, Anh, Dufc sau Chi§'n tranh th§' gidri thu: hai

1) Sau Chig'n tranh the gidi thir hai, h§ th6'ng thuOc dia rOng idn bi syp do

2) Sau ChiS'n tranh th§' gidi thif hai, dS niiQc bj chia cSt thanh hai qu6c gla di theo che dO l<inh tg' - xa hOi l<hac nhau

3) Sau chi§'n tranh th§' gi6i thif hai, nh§n "vi§n tr(?" kinh t§' ciJa IVIT, di/a kinh t§' phdt trig'n nhanh

4) Th^ng 9 - 1946, Qudc hOi i§p hig'n thOng qua hig'n ph^p m6i, thig't i$p nin COng hoa thif tu

5) Th^fc hi§n chinh s^ch dol ngogi theo IW nhu "hlnh bOng"

6) Ciing vOi IVIT va TSy Au thanh Igp khO'i li§n minh chinh trj

- qu3n SI; chO'ng Igl Lien XO, cac ni/6c xa hOi chu nghTa Dong Au va phong trSo cong nhan chSu Au

1 Hay t r i n h bay nhffng h|Lu qua n^ng ne ma Nh^lt Ban phai ganh

«hiu sau Chien tranh th#' gidfi thiif hai

Su that bai trong Chien tranh thg' gidi thuf hai da de lai cho Nhat Bdn nhOng qua he't sufc nSng ne

- Ni#c Nhat bi kiet que ho^n to^n, tan nkt vi chien tranh

- To6n be cua cai tich luy trong 10 nSm (1935 - 1945) bi tieu huy

- Tdng so ngudi ch§'t, bi thUcfng v^ mfi't tich len den 2,35 tri§u ngUdi

59

- T6ng s6' ngudi kh6ng c6 c6ng &n vi$c Ikm Ign d§n 13,1 trieu

- Tham hoa d6i ret de doa toan Nhat Ban

- Nan lam ph^t nghifem trong bung no tir giOa nam 1945 keo dki dfe'n nSm 1949

Cfiu 2 T r i n h b a y nhiJng c ^ i each d a n c h u d Nh|it B a n t r o n g g i a i d o a n

b i chi^'m d o n g

Trudc nhorng kh6 khan v6 ciing to Idn, Nhat Ban tien hanh nhOfng cdi cdch

kh^n trUcfng:

- V I kinh te, trong thdi k i bi chiem d6ng (1945-1952), Nhat Ban da thifc hiSn

ba cuoc cai cdch Idn:

+ Mot la, thu ti6u che do kinh te tap trung, trade het la gi^i tAn c&c

"Dai-bat-xu" (cdc tap doan, cong t i doc quyen c6n mang nhiSu tinh chat dong toe)

+ Hai la, cai c&ch ruong da't (quy dinh dia chu chi dUcfc c6 khSng qua 3

h6c-ta rupng, so c6n lai chinh phu dam bdn cho n6ng dfin)

+ Ba la, dan chu hod lao dong (thong qua va thuc hien cdc dao luat ve lac

dong) Dua vao no lUc cua Mn than va vien tro ciia M i , dfen khodng nhOng nam

1950-1951, Nhat da khoi phuc diTcfc n i n kinh te, dat miJc trUdc chien tranh

- Vi xd hoi:

+ Thong qua Luat Cong doan nam 1945

Ban hanh Hien phdp mdi 1947 thay cho Hien phap Minh T r i 1898 Dac

diem nSi bat cua Hien phap nay la "Tuyen ngon Hoa binh"

+ Tien hanh cai cdch giao due tr§n n h i l u mat, nam 1947 ban hanh Luat

Gido due N6i dung gido due thay dSi ca bdn: phii nhan vai tr6 thi§ng lieng cua

Thien hoang, khuy§'n khich phdt trien van hoa va truy^n ba t u tudng hoa binh,

quy dinh he thong giao due 6-3-3-4 Ch§' do gido due b^t bu^c la 9 nam

c a u 3 Sif phat trien kinh t6' ciia Nh^t B a n tvi n&m 1960 dS'n 1973 nhtf

th§' nao? Nguyen nhan cua srf phat trien do

Sau khi nen kinh te phuc hoi dat mile trUdc chien tranh, tii n&m 1952 den

nam 1960, Nhat c6 bifdc phat t r i l n nhanh Tif nam 1960 den nam 1973, kinh te

Nhat bade vao giai doan phat tri^n "thin k i "

- Toe d6 tang trudng binh quSn hang nam cua Nhat tii n&m 1960 d§'n nam 1969

la 10,8%, tii nam 1970 den nam 1973 tuy c6 gidm di nhung vSn dat binh qv&n 7,8%

- Nam 1968, kinh te Nhat da vUcft Anh, Phdp, CHLB DiJc, vtfctn Ign diJng thuT

hai trong th6' gidi t\i ban chu nghia

- Nhat Bdn trd thanh mot trong ba trung tam kinh t§' - tai chinh ciia the gidi

(ciing vdi M l va Tfiy Au)

Tii m6t nude bai tr§n, ehiu h&u qud chiSn tranh rS't nflng nS, chi sau m6t thdi

gian ngdn, Nhat Ban da vUcfn l§n thanh mOt sigu cUdng kinh t§' (sau Ml) la do

mOt s6' y§'u to sau:

- NgUdi dan Nhat Ban vdi truyin th6ng vSn hod, giao due, dao diifc lao d6ng

t6't, tife't ki§m, tay nghS cao va e6 nhilu khd n&ng s&ng tao la nhan t6' hang ddu cua

sir phat t r i l n kinh t&' Con nguW duoc coi la v6'n qu^ nha't, d&ng thbi la "c6ng ngh^

cao nhiLt"

- Nha nude Nhat da qudn 1^ kinh tS' m^t cdch hi$u qud, c6 vai trd ra't Idn

trong vi&c phat tri^n n i n kinh te d t^m v i m5

- Cdc cong t i Nhat BAn n&ng d6ng, c6 tAm nhin xa, qudn ly tS't n§n c6 tiem

iLfc va sure canh tranh cao

Nhat Ban luon dp dung c&c thanh tUu khoa hoc - ki thuat hien dai, khong

ngifng nang cao nfing sua't, cai tien mSu ma, ha gia thanh san pha'm

- Chi phi cho quoc phbng cua Nhat it (Hien phap quy dinh khong vuat qua 1% GDP), n6n c6 dieu kien tap trung v6'n dau tif cho kinh te

- Nhat Ban biet tan dung cac yeu to ben ngoai nhtf tranh thu c&c nguon vi§n

ira cua M i sau chien tranh, dira vao M i ve mat quan sir de giam chi phi quoc

phong, IcJi dung cdc cuoc chien tranh d Trieu Tien (1950-1953) va Viet Nam (1954-1975) de lam giau

c a u 4 Nhtfng thach thiic cua k i n h te Nhat B a n trong nhu'ng nam tiC

1945 den 1973

Tuy nhien, nen kinh te Nhat Bdn vSn phai doi mat vdi nhCtag thach thufc:

- Lanh tho Nhat Ban khong Idn, dan so dong, tai nguyen khoang san ra't nghfeo

nan, thirdng xay ra thi§n tai (dong dat, nui lufa ), nen cong nghiep hau nhir phu thu6e

hoan toan vao cac nguon nguyen li§u nhap khau Mae dii nong nghiep c6 trinh d6

phat t r i l n cao, nhuhg Nhat Ban van phai nhap khau Iircfng thUe, thiic pham

- Ca cau vung kinh te cua Nhat Ban thieu can doi, tap trung chu yeu vao ba

trung tarn la T6-ki-6, 6-xa-ca va Na-g6i-a, trong khi cac cac vung khae duoc dau

tir phat t r i l n ra't i t , giOfa cong nghiep va nong nghiep c6 sir mat can doi

- La mot trong nhCTng trung tam kinh te - tai chinh th§' gidi, Nhat Bdn luon

gap sir canh tranh quyet liet cua M i , Tay Au, cac nirde cong nghiep mdi (NICs),

Trung Quoc va tam ly e ngai d nUdc ngoai v l mot "de qud'c kinh te" Nhat Ban

- Cung nhir kinh te M i , Nhat BAn khong t h i gi^i quyet diTcJc nhCfng mau thuSn

ccr ban nhm ngay trong ban than nen kinh te tir ban chu nghia

c a u 5 T r i n h bay k h a i quat tinh hinh kinh t§', chinh tri va chinh sach

doi ngoai cua Nhgt B a n tit n&m 1973 den nSm 1991

- Ve kinh te, sau giai doan phat t r i l n than k i , do tac dong cua cuoc khiing hoang nang liTcfng the gidi, tir nam 1973 trd di, sU phat t r i l n kinh te cua Nhat B^n thirdng xen ke vdi nhCfhg giai doan suy thoai Tuy nhien, n I n kinh te Nhat Ban van ddng hang thuT hai trong the gidi tu ban (sau Mi) TiT niJa nam sau

nhuTng nam 80, Nhat da viTon len thanh sieu eirdng tai chinh so mot the gidi vdi

dir trCr vang ngoai te gap 3 Ian M i , 1,5 Ian CHLB Dufc Nhat Bdn cung la chu ncJ

Idn nha't the gidi

- Ve chinh t r i , tir nam 1973 den nam 1993, Dang Dan chu Tir do t i l p tuc cam quyin (tir Thu tudng Ta-na-ca den Thu tudng Mi-ya-da-oa) dua Nhat Bdn virgt qua khd khan d l tiep tuc phat trien

Trong boi canh cua chien tranh lanh cang th^ng trong nhOng nam 70- dau

^hOtag nam 80, lire lacfng phong ve cua Nhat diTcfc tang ciTdng Theo Hien phap,

^hat Ban khong c6 quan doi thifdng trUe, chi c6 lire liTOng ph6ng ve quan doi de

tri trat tir an ninh trong nirde

- V I d6'i ngoai, vdi sdc manh kinh t l - tai chinh ngay cang Idn, tir nCfa nam sau

nhOng nam 70, Nhat Ban co gang dira ra chinh sach doi ngoai rieng cua minh

^ Sir ra ddi cua "Hoc thuyet Phu-cu-da" thang 8-1977 difc»c coi nhir la moc danh d^u sir "trd v l " chau A cua Nhat Ban, trong khi vfin coi trong quan he Nhat - MT,

Nhfit-Tay Au "Hoc thuyg't Kai-phu" do Thu tifdng Kai-phu dm ra nam 1991 1^ sir

phdt triln ti§'p tuc "Hoc tuyg't Phu-cu-da" trong dilu ki§n lich sijf mdfi

Nhat B i n thiet lap quan he ngoai giao vcJi Vi§t Nam ng^y 21-9-1973

Cau 6 Nheng net chinh v l chinh sach d6'i ngoai cda Nh^t Ban trong

th^p ni&n 90

- Nhat tiep tuc duy t r i liSn minh chat che vdi Mi Thdng 4-1996 trong chuyen

tham cua Tong thong Mi B Clin-tcfn den Nhat, hai ben da ra tuyen bo kh^ng

dinh viec k6o dai vinh vien Hiep Udc An ninh Nhat - Mi Mat khdc, vdi cdc "Hoc

tuyet Mi-ya-da-oa"(thdng 1-1993), "Hoc tuy§'t Ha-si-m6-t5" (thdng 1-1977), Nhat

Bin van coi trong quan h§ vdi TSy Au v i md r6ng heat d6ng d6i ngoai vdi cic

d6'i tic khic tr§n pham vi toin c^u

- Vdi khu virc chau A - Thii Binh Difong, ke tU dau thap ni&n 90 d§'n nay, cdc

quan hg hcfp tic kinh te giOfa Nhat Ban vdi cic nUdc NICs v i ASEAN ti§p tuc gia

tang vdi t5c do ngiy cing manh me

Nhif viy, vai tr6, vi t r i v i anh hudng cua Nhat B i n ngiy cing Idn tr§n thi

trifdng quo'c te ca ve kinh tS' v i chinh tri

I I CAU H 6 I TRAC N G H I E M

Cau 1 Theo quy dinh cua Hpi nghi Pd't-xdam, sau Chien tranh thd' gi6i

thU hai Nhat Ban hi Dong minh, thtfc tg' la Mi chife'm dong trong khoSng

thcrt gian nao?

A Tii n i m 1945 den 1955 B Tif n i m 1945 d§'n 1950

C Tii n i m 1945 d§'n nam 1952 C Tii n i m 1945 d§'n n i m 1954

Cau 2 Sau Chi§n tranh th6' gioti thuT hai, toa an quan sijf V i l n Ddng dvt(fe

l^p ra de xet xi^ tpi pham chien tranh Nh^t Ban S6' li^u nao drfoTi day

]di6ng diing?

A Ket i n 7 ten tijf hinh, 16 ten tu chung thin

B. Cic dang phii quin phiet bi giii t i n

C. Khoang 290.000 ngUdi lien quan den che do quin phiet trUdc diy bi loai ra

khoi bo miy n h i nudc

D. Nhat phii b6i thtrdng chi§n phi cho cic ntfdc d khu vifc Vi§n D6ng

Cfiu 3 Theo HiS'n phap ngay 3 - 5 - 1947, Nh|Lt Ban theo the che nao?

A. Theo the che quan chu lap hig'n

B Theo thi che cong h6a din chu

C Theo thi che quin chu l i p hien nhOng tr§n thiTc ti l i che do din chu dai

nghi tif sin

D. Theo th^ che quin chu chuySn chS'

Cfiu 4 Trong thcfi ki bi chiem dong, Bp td'i cao Iric Itfctag D6ng minh

(SCAP) da thu tidu che dp kinh tS' t^P trung, ma trtfdc h§'t la

A Giii t i n cic "Dai-bit-xu" B C i i cich ru6ng di't

C Dan chu hda lao dong C Qu6'c hCfu hda cic xi nghi§p, n h i miy

Cau 5 Nhat Ban ban hanh "Lu|it chong dpc quyin" nh^m muc dfch gi?

A Ngin chin sU phuc h6i cua t i i phiet

B Khuy§'n khich sir phit trien ciia kinh ti tii do canh tranh

62

C Xoi b6 moi t i n diT cua ch6' d$ quin chu chuygn ch&'d Nhit

D Ciu A v i B dung

cau 6 Vdri Hi$p vt6c hoa binh Xan Phran-xi-c6 ndm 1951, Nhat Ban da ki

tay d6i vdi nrfdtc nao?

A Nixdc Ml B Nirdc Phip C Nirdc DiJc D Nude Anh

Cau7 Ngay 8 - 9 - 1951, d i l n ra srf ki$n gi c6 lien quan dg'n chinh sach

d6i ngoai cua Nhat Ban?

A Nhat ki Hiep udc Hoa binh vdi Mi

B Nhat ki Hiep udc An ninh vdi Mi

C Nhat chinh thufc gia nhap vao khoi NATO cua Mi

D Ti't ca cic siT kien tren

cau 8 Srf phat trie'n "thfin ki" cua n^n kinh t§' Nhat Bdn bat dfiu trong khoang thofi gian nao?

A NhOmg n i m 50 cua thi ki XX B NhOng n i m 60 cua th§' ki XX

C NhCmg n i m 70 cua the ki XX D NhOmg nam 80 cua the kiXX

cau 9 Nam 1968, kinh t6' Nh^t Ban da vvTdt qua cac nrfoTc nao d Tay Au

d^ vtfota len diing thuf hai trdn the gidi?

A Anh, Phip, Tay DiJc B Anh, Phip, H i Lan

C Tiy DiJc, Bi, Luc-xim-bua D Anh, Phip

cau 10 Tuf dau nhiMg n&m 70 trd di, Nh$t Ban rat coi trong phat trien

linh vufc nao?

A van hoa v i khoa hoc - ki thuat B Giio due v i khoa hoc - ki thuit

C Giio due v i cong ngh§ thong tin D Cong nghigp ning v i n6ng nghi§p

cau 11 Nguyen nhan cof ban nhat dxia nim kinh te Nhat Ban phat trien

"th^n k i " trong nhiJhg nSm 60-70 cua th§' ki XX la gi?

A Biet Icri dung von cua nirdc ngoii Ai dau tiT vio nhuTng nginh cong nghiep

then chot

B Biet Icfi dung thinh tiTU khoa hoc - ki thuit d l ting ning sui't, cii tien ki thuat v i ha g i i thinh hing hda

C Biet "len lich" xam nhap thi trirdng cic nUdc

D Nhd nhCfng cai each dan chu

cau 12 Nguyen nhan chung cua suf phat trien kinh te Mi, Nh^t Ban sau Chi§n tranh th§' gidi thu: hai la gi?

A Ap dung thinh tou khoa hoe - ki thuat vio trong sin xui't

B Biet tham nhap vio thi trirdng cic nirdc

C Nhd quan sir hda nen kinh te

D Tat ei cic nguyen nhin tren

Cfiu 13 Sau Chien tranh the gidri thuT hai Nh^t Ban da gip kho khan gi nhat?

A Bi quan dpi M l chiem ddng theo che do quan quin

B- Bi cic nirdc de quoc bao vay kinh t§'

C- Nan that nghiep,thieu lircfng thire,thirc ph^m

D Bi mat het thu6c dia, kinh te bi t i n phi ning n l

63

c a u 14 S a u chid'n t r a n h , Nh^t BAn c6 kho k h S n gi m a cac nvTtfc tvC h&n

Dong m i n h cho'ng phat xit khdng c6?

A Sir tkn phd nfing ne ciia chi§'n tranh

B L i i nirdrc bai tran, nude Nhat mat het thuoe dia

C Thieu th6'n gay g^t luang thuc, thuc pham

D Phai dUa vao vien t r d eua M l dudi hinh thUc vay ncf

C a u 15 S a u Chid'n t r a n h thd' gidri thii" h a i , Nh§t B a n tien h a n h n h i e u c^i

each trong do c a i e a c h nao l a quan trong nhat?

A Cdi edch hiS'n phdp B Cai cdch ruong dat

C Cai cdch gido due D Cai edeh vSn hda

C a u 16 S a n g nhffng n S m 50 c u a the k i XX, k i n h te Nh|it phat t r i e n drfofc

do nguyen n h a n cof b a n nao?

A. Nhd nhOng dcfn dat hang cua M i k h i M i phat dong chi6'n tranh x&m lUcfc

Trieu Tien va Viet Nam

B Nhat dp dung nhifng th^nh tUu khoa hoc - k i thuat

C VUdn len canh tranh vdi T^y Au

D "Len Mch" xam nhap t h i trUdng cac nUdc

C a u 17 Nfim 1968, tong s a n pham quoc dan ciia Nh|it dat dtfofc:

A 180 ti USD B l S l t i U S D C 182 ti USD D.183 ti USD

C a u 18 N a m 1961- 1970, toe dp tang trtfdng b i n h q u a n ve c6ng nghipp

c u a Nh|it h^ng n a m l a bao n h i e u ?

A. 12,5% B 13,5% C 14,5% D 15,5%

C a u 19 NhiJng n a m 1967-1969, s a n IvTpng li^Png thtfc c u a Nh^it c u n g cfi'p:

A. 50% nhu cau trong nUdc C 70% nhu ciu trong nude

B 60% nhu c l u trong nude D 80% nhu cdu trong nude

C a u 20 Suf phat t r i e n " t h a n k i " c u a Nhat B a n dxidc b i e u hipn ro nhS't d

diem nao?

A N a m 1968, tdng sAn pham quoe dan dUng hang thU 2 tr§n th§' gidi sau M i

(Nhat 183 ti USD, M l 830 ti USD)

B Trong khoang hon 20 n a m (1950 - 1973), tong s^n pham qu6'e dfin cua

Nhat Ban tang 20 Ian

C T U thap nien 70 (the ki XX) Nhat Ban t r d thanh 1 trong 3 trung tam kinh

te tai chinh cua the gidi tu ban ( M i , T a y A u , Nhat Ban)

D T U nude chien bai, hd't sUc khd khan thieu thon, Nhat Ban vuun l§n th^nh

sieu cUdng k i n h te

CAu 2 1 T r o n g s\i phat t r i e n " t h ^ n k i " ciia Nhlit B a n cp n g u y e n n h S n nao

gid'ng vdi n g u y e n n h a n phat t r i e n k i n h t€' ciia cd^c nvC6c tvC b a n k h a e ?

A. Lui dung von nUdc ngoai, tap trung dau tu vao c&c nganh k i thuat then ehot

B Biet tan dung va khai thde nhCfng thanh tUu khoa hoc - k i thuat

C "Len lach" xam nhap vao t h i trUdng cac nude, thUe hien cai each dan ehu

D Phat huy t r u y i n thong tU lUe tU cUdng ciia nhan dan Nhat Ban

Cfiu 22 T r o n g nhi^ng nguyen n h ^ n sau day, nguyen n h a n nao la nguy§n

n h S n k h a c h q u a n l a m cho k i n h t§' Nh^t B a n phat t r i e n ?

A Truy^n thong v a n h6a tot dep, con ngudi N h a t B a n c6 y chi vUOn len, duoc

dao tao chu dAo, cAn cu lao dong

B Nhd eai each ruong da't

C Vai tro quan trong cua Nha nUdc trong vigc d l r a chien luuc phat trien, he thong quan l i ed hieu qua ciia cac xi nghiep, cong ti

D Biet tan dung thanh tuu khoa hoe - k i thuat the gidi

c a u 23 D e phat t r i e n khoa hoc - k i thu|it, d Nh^t B a n c6 hipn tripng gi it

tha'y of c a c ntfoTc k h a e ?

A Coi trong va phat trien n^n giao due quoe dan, khoa hoc - k i thuat

B D i sau vao cdc nganh cong nghiep dan dung

C Xay dung nhieu cong t r i n h hien dai tren mat bien v a dUdi day b i l n

D Coi trong viec nhap k i thuat hien dai,mua bkng phat minh cua nUdc ngoai

c a u 24 Tuf dau nam 90 cua the k i XX, ncn kinh te Nhat B a n nhrf th§' nao?

A Tiep tuc tang trUdng vdi toe do cao

B B i canh tranh gay gat bdi cac nude c6 nen cong nghiep mdi

C L a m vao tinh trang suy thoai keo dai

D Nude CO nen k i n h te phat trien nhat

Cau 25 Hipp vfdtc A n n i n h M I - Nhat dxidc ki ket n h a m muc d i c h gi?

A Nhat Ban mud'n loi dung von k i thuat cua M l de phat trien kinh te

B Nhat Ban trd thanh can cU ehien lUcfc cua M i

C Hinh thanh mot Hen minh M i - Nhat chong lai cdc nUdc X H C N va phong trao giai phong dan toe vijng Vien Dong

D Tao the can bang giUa M i va Nhat

c a u 26 Dae diem nao sau day l a dac diem noi b^t trong q u a n hp doi

ngoai ciia N h ^ t B a n s a u C h i e n t r a n h the gidi thvt hai?

A Khong dUa quan di tham chien d nude ngoai

B K i Hiep Ude A n ninh M i - Nhat (08-09-1951)

C Canh tranh gay gat vdi M i va eae nUdc Tay Au

D Phat trien k i n h te doi ngoai, xam nhap va md rong pham v i thg' lUc bkng

kinh te d khdp moi ncri, dac biet la Dong Nam A

c a u 27 Nh|it B a n bat dfiu dat quan hp ngoai giao vdi Vipt Nam vao n a m

Chittfng V Q U A N H E Q U O C T E (1945 - 2000)

B^i 10. Q U A N HE QUOC TE T R O N G V A S A U

T H d l K l CHIEN T R A N H L A N H

I C A U H 6 I L U A N

C a u 1 H a y trinh bay npi dung chfnh cua hoc thuyd 't Tru-man

- Cung CO' chinh quyen phan dong va day lui phong tr^o dS'u tranh y§u ni/dc d

H i Lap vk Thd N h i K i

- Bien hai nUdc H i Lap va Thd N h i K i thanh nhufng cSn ciJf tien phi/ong chdng

Li§n X6 va cdc nudc dan chii nhan dan Dong Au

- Gat b6 nhutng anh hiXdng cua Anh c6 tii trudc d H i Lap va Thd N h i K i

NhiT vay, hoc thuyet Tru-man 1^ mot sU tap hop life lugng cua M l nhSm phdn

iJng trUdc nhijmg thSng loi va anh hudng ciia chu nghia xa hoi d chau Au

C a u 2 Stf r a dcfi c u a " K e hoach Mac-san" va s\i thanh l^p khd'i quan sii

N A T O da tao nen s«f phan chia doi l^p ve k i n h te, chinh tri va quSn svC

gitfa cac nxidc T a y A u tvt ban c h u nghia va Dong A u hpi c h u nghia

nhvt thS' nao?

- Nhiftig cung sau chien tranh, M i da vUcfn len thanh mot ni/dc tU ban gi^u

manh nhat, viXOt xa c&c nirdc tu ban khdc, nSm doc quyen vu k h i nguyen ttf M i tif

cho minh c6 quyen lanh dao the gidi, - nhu Tong thong Tru-man cong khai tuy§n

bo': "Ng^y nay Hoa K i la mot de qudc gia manh, khong c6 mot qudc gia nao manh

hdn Dieu do c6 nghia la vdi suTc manh nhif the, chung ta c6 nghia vu ndm quyen

lanh dao the gidi"

- Sif kien dUcfc xem la khdi dau cho chinh sach chdng Lien X6 g&y nen tinh

trang chien tranh lanh cua M i la ban thong diep ciia Tdng thong Tru-man gilfi

Qudc hoi M l ngay 12-3-1947 Trong do, Tdng thong MT kh^ng dinh: sir tdn tai cua

Lien X6 1^ nguy ca Idn ddi vdi niidc M i va de nghi vien tro khin cfi'p 400 trieu

USD cho hai nUdc H i Lap v^ Thd N h i K i Do la hoc thuyet Tru-man

- NhOng hoc thuyet Tru-man viTa ra ddi da vap phai sU phan doi ciia the gidi

vi ban chat chdng cong cua nd

- V^o dau thdng 6-1947, M i de ra "Ke hoach Mdc-san" vdi khoan vien tro

khoang 17 t i USD de giup cac mrdc Tay Au phuc hoi nen kinh te bi tan phd sau

chien tranh Ng^y 4-4-1949, M i thanh lap khdi quan sif - td chufc Hiep Udc BSc

Dai Tay DiTong (NATO) Day la lien minh quan sU Idn nhat ciia cdc nUdc t u ban

phifdng Tay do M l cam dau nhfim chdng lai Lien X6 va cac nudc xa hoi chu nghia

DongAu i \

N h u vay, "Ke hoach Mdc-san" va khdi quan sir NATO da tao nen sir phan chia

ddi lap ve k i n h te, chinh t r i vh quan sir giiJa c^c nudc Tay Au tir ban chii nghia va

Dong Au xa hoi chu nghia

C&u 3 N§u torn tat npi dung cac cupc chi§'n tranh cue bp da xkj r a ttf

- TCr nam 1950, M l vi§n tro cho Phdp va can thiep ngay c^ng sfiu vko cuQc

chifen tranh Dong DiTOng Tir d6, cuoc chiS'n tranh D6ng Dirong ng^y c&ng chiu su t^c dong cua hai phe

- Sau chien thSng Dien Bien Phii lich siif (7-5-1954), Hoi nghi Gia-ne-vo v4 pgng Dircfng da diroc trieu tap Hiep dinh Gio-ne-va ve D6ng Duong (21-7-1954) (Ja cong nhfin doc lap chu quyen, thdng nhat va to^n ven lanh thd ciia Viet Nam, L^o, Cam-pu-chia Cuoc chien d Dong Dirong da cham dijft, nhiftig Viet Nam tam

thdi hi chia cSt lam hai mien, IS'y v i tuyen 17 l^m ranh gidi quSn sir

* CMOC chien tranh Trieu Ti&n (1950-1953)

- Sau Chien tranh the gidi thuT hai, theo thda thuan giiJa cdc Ddng minh, qufin doi Li§n Xd chidm ddng mien BSc, qufin ddi M i chiem ddng mien Nam, My vi tuy6n 38 lam gidi tuyen phSn chia tam thdi Tdi cudi nSm 1948, hai chinh quyin ducfc th^nh lap rieng re la Cong hoa Dan chii cua nhan dan Trieu Tien d phia bdc Dai Han DSn Quo'c (H^n Qudc) d phia nam dugc Li§n X6 va M i bao trg cho moi ben

- Sau hern ba nam chidn tranh, vdi nhOTng tdn thS't nang ne cua ca hai ben, ngay 27-7-1953, Hiep dinh dinh chien diroc k i ket giiTa Trung Qudc - Trieu Tien vdi Mi-Han Qudc Theo dd, vi tuyen 38 vSn la ranh gidi quSn sir giOa hai mien

Bdc, Nam Trieu Tien Cuoc chien tranh T r i l u Tien la sU diing ddu dau ti§n giOa ;

hai phe, khong phan thang bai

* Cugc khung hodng Ca-ri-bi (1962)

Sau khi cAch mang Cu-ba th^ng loi M l khong ngimg chong phd cong cudc xSy i

dung dfi't nude cua nhan dan Cu-ba Thdng 10-1962, tinh hinh t r d nen cang th^ng nghiem trong do "cuoc khung hoang Ca-ri-be"

* Cugc chien tranh chong Ml xdm luge Viet Nam (1954-1975)

• Sau Hiep dinh Gicr-ne-vu 1954 ve Dong Duong, M i da nhanh chdng ha't c^ng Phap, dung len chinh quyen Ngo Dinh Diem, am mUu chia cdt lau dai Viet Nam,

bi§'n mien Nam Viet Nam thanh thuoc dia kieu mdi va can cuf quan sU cua M i

- Chien tranh Viet Nam da trd thanh cuoc chidn tranh cue bo Idn nhat phan

^nh mau thuan giOa hai phe NhUng cudi ciJng, moi chien lUOc chien tranh cua M l

d^u bi pha san Thang 1-1973, Hiep dinh Pa-ri ducrc k i ket Theo dd M l cam ket

ton trong cac quyen dan toe cd ban la ddc lap, chu quySn thdng nhat va toan ven ISnh thd cua Viet Nam, rut quSn khdi Viet Nam, cam ket khong dinh liu hoac

can thiep ve quan sU ddi vdi nUdc ta

CSu 4 T r i n h bay xu the hoa hoan D6ng - Tay va chien t r a n h cha'm ddt

- Mac du chien tranh lanh van tiep dien, nhUng tir dau nhCftig nam 70 xu hudng

"^a hoan Dong-Tay da xuat hi&n vdi nhijfng cuoc gap gd thuang lugng X6 - M i

- Do la, tren ca sd nhuTng thda thuSn Xd-Mi, ngay 9-11-1972 hai nUdc

Ddc-^Ong h6a Dan chu va Cong hoa Lien bang da k i ket tai Bon Hiep dinh v l nhOtig

sd cua quan he giiJa Dong Ddc va TSy Ddc

- Cung trong nam 1972, hai sieu cudng Lien X6, M i da thda thuan ve viec han

vu k h i chien luge va ngay 26-5 k i Hiep Udc ve viec ban che thdng phdng

67

cho'ng tSn lufa ( A B M ) , sau d6 Ik H i e p d i n h h a n ch§' v u k h f tig'n c6ng chi§'n l U O C

(goi t ^ t l a S A L T - 1 )

- BAU t h d n g 8-1975, 35 nUdc chau A u v a M i , Ca-na-da da k i k e t D i n h ifdc

H e n - x i n - k i , k h i n g d i n h nhijmg nguyen tic t r o n g quan he giOa cdc quoc g i a n h u

b i n h ding, c h u quyen, sU b e n vOng cua dtfdng b i e n g i d i , g i a i quyet hoa b i n h c&c

t r a n h chap n h S m d a m bao a n n i n h chau A u vk sU hcfp tdc giOa cac nUdc ve k i n h

te, k h o a hoc v a k y t h u a t , bao ve m o i t r i f d n g

- C l i n g v d i cic sir k i e n t r e n , tir dau nhflmg n a m 70, h a i sieu cifdng X6 - M i da

t i e n h ^ n h nhOng C U Q C gSp cS'p cao, nhS't 1^ tCf n&m 1985 k h i Go6c-ba-chop l e n

cam quyen d L i e n X 6 H a u nhu hkng n&m Mu d i e n r a cdc cuoc gap gd giCfa

nguyen t h u h a i nUdc Go6c-ba-chop v a Ri-gan, sau l a Go6c-ba-chop v a Bu-sa (cha)

N h i e u v a n k i e n h o p tAc ve k i n h te v a khoa hoc - k i t h u a t d a duoc k i k e t giCfa h a i

nirdc, n h i m g t r o n g tarn l a nhCTng thoa t h u a n ve t h u t i e u cAc t e n Wa t ^ m t r u n g o

chau A u , c ^ t g i a m v u k h i c h i e n luoc cung n h i f h a n che cupc chay dua v u t r a n g

giOra h a i nifdc

- T h a n g 12-1989, t r o n g cuoc gap k h o n g c h i n h thtfc t a i dao M a n - t a ( D i a T r u n g

Hai) T o n g B i t h u D a n g C o n g san L i e n X6 Gooc-ba-chop v a T o n g t h o n g M l Bu-sa

da c h i n h thtjfc cijng t u y e n bo c h a m duft "chien t r a n h l a n h "

- Chien t r a n h l a n h cham dtft da m d r a nhieu hi/dng va nhOfng dieu k i e n giai quyet

hoa b i n h cac v u t r a n h chap, xung dot dang dien r a d nhieu k h u vUc t r e n the gidi

C a u 5 N e u n h f i n g b i e n d o i c h i n h c u a t i n h h i n h t h e gioTi s a u k h i c h i e n

t r a n h l a n h c h a m diift?

- Sau k h i chien t r a n h l a n h cha'm dijft, che do xa h o i chij nghia da b i t a n r a d cac

nude Dong A u va L i e n bang X6 viet Ngay 28-6-1991, H o i dong Tucfng t r d k i n h te

(SEV) tuyen bo gidi t h e v a sau do ngay 1-7-1991, t6 chOfc H i e p ude Vdc-sa-va cham

dilt hoat dong V d i "cLfc" L i e n X6 t a n r a , he thong t h e gidi cua cAc nude x a h o i chu

nghia k h o n g c6n t o n t a i vA t r a t t u the gidi h a i cifc I - r a n - t a da sup do

- TU sau n a m 1 9 9 1 d a y b i e n dong, t i n h h i n h t h e g i d i da d i e n r a nhOng thay

doi to I d n v a phdc t a p T r a t t u t h e g i d i h a i cUc da sup do n h u n g t r a t t U t h e gidi

m d i l a i d a n g t r o n g qua t r i n h h i n h t h a n h

- Sau chien t r a n h l a n h , hoa b i n h the gidi dugc cung co, nhUng d nhieu k h u vUc tinh

h i n h l a i k h o n g on d i n h vdi nhCfng cuoc noi chien, xung dot quan su dam mau keo dai

- Budc sang t h e k i X X I , v d i sU t i e n t r i e n ciia x u t h e h o a b i n h , h o p tac v a phai

t r i e n , cAc d a n toe h i v o n g ve m o t t u o n g l a i t o t dep cua loai ngUdi

- V d i x u t h e cua t h e g i d i tCr cudi t h e k i X X - dau t h e k i X X I , ngay n a y cAc quoc

gia - d a n toe vira d d n g trUdc nhOng t h d i co p h a t t r i e n t h u a n Igi, vifa p h a i d o i mat

v d i nhuTng t h a c h thdc v6 ciJng gay gat ;

cau 2 S a u Chifi'n t r a n h t h * ' g i d i thvC h a i mtfu d6 b a o q u d t c i i a M i l a :

A T i e u d i e t L i e n X 6 v a cac nude x a h o i chu n g h i a

A A n h h u d n g ciia L i e n X 6 cimg nhOng t h d n g Icfi ciia cupc each m a n g d a n chu

n h a n d a n cac nude D o n g Au

B T h a n g Ipi cua each m a n g T r u n g Quoc v a sU r a d d i cua nUdc C o n g h6a N h S n

C C h i n h sach c h d n g L i e n X6 gay n e n t i n h t r a n g chiS'n t r a n h l a n h

D C h i n h sach cho'ng cac nUdc x a hpi c h u n g h i a

cau 5 Vi s a o h o c t h u y e t T r u - m a n vita mdi r a d d i da vS'p p h a i srf p h a n

cau 8, S r i p h a n c h i a doi l^p v ^ k i n h td', c h i n h t r i v a q u a n svt givifa c a c nridc

T S y A u tvC b a n c h u n g h i a v a D o n g Au x a hgi c h i i n g h i a dridc t^o n § n b d i :

A Hoc t h u y e t T r u - m a n ciia M i

B " K e hoach M a c - s a n " v ^ sU r a ddi ciia k h d i quan sU N A T O

C C h i e n lupc toan cau p h a n each m a n g ciia M i

B Thanh Ifip vko thdng 5 - 1955, mang tinh chS't ph6ng thu cua c&c nUdc xa

hoi chu nghia

C Th^nh lap v^o thdng 5 - 1955, mang tinh chat canh tranh ve quan sif vdi

M l va Tay Au

D Thanh Mp vao th^ng 7 - 1955, mang tinh chfi't chay dua vu trang vdi M l

Tay Au

cau 10 S\i ki$n nao chufng to rSng da den liic chien tranh lanh bao

trum c a the gidti?

A M l thong qua "Ke hoach Mdc-san"

B "Ke hoach Mdc-san" va sif ra ddi cua khoi quan sU NATO

C Sir ra ddi ciia khoi quan sU NATO va To churc Hiep vide Vdc-sa-va

D Su ra dcti va hoat dong cua To chiifc Hiep Udc Vic-sa-va

C a u 10 S a u k h i each mang Trung Quoc thanh cong (10 - 1949), cupc

khang chi§n c u a nhSn d&n V i ^ t Nam c6 nhvilng dieu k i ^ n thuan Idi gi?

A Duac sir ung hp va giup dd cua Trung Quo'c

B Duac sir ung ho va giiip &3 cua Trung Quoc, Lien X6 va ode nifdc xa hoi

chu nghia

C Dirac sir ung ho va giup d9 cua Trung Qu6'c va cdc niTdc chau A

D Buoc Phap phai cham dijft chien tranh xam liTOc d Viet Nam

cau 11 Thtfc d a n Phap bupc phai cdng n h ^ n dpc l|ip c h u quyen, thong

nha't v a toan v e n lanh tho c u a ba nrfdc Dong Difdng vao thcti gian nao?

A Ng^y 5 - 7 - 1954 B Ng^y 21 - 7 - 1954

C Ng^y 20 - 9 - 1954 D Ng^y 21 - 9 - 1954

cau 12 S a u C h i e n tranh the gidi thd: hai, theo thoa thu|Ln ciia cac ntfdc

Dong minh, quan dpi nvCdc nao chiem dong ot T r i e u Tien?

A Li§n X6 d mien B^c Trieu Tien, M i d Nam Trieu Tien

B M l d mien B^c Trieu Tien, Lien X6 d Nam Trieu Tien

C Anh, M l d mien BAc Trieu Tien, Lien X6 d Nam Trieu Tien

D Lien X6 cdc nirdc xa hoi chu nghia d B&c Trieu Tien, M i va cac nUdc Tay

Au d Nam Trieu Tien

cau 13 Cuoi nam 1948, di§n r a sxi k i ^ n gi d Nam - Bac T r i e u Tien?

A Nude Cgng hoa Dan chu nhan dan Trieu Tien diTpc thanh lap d phia hie

B Nirdrc Dai Han Dan Qu6'c diTcrc thanh lap d phia nam

C Quan doi Trieu Tien viTcJt v i tuyen 38 md cuoc tan cong xuong phia nam

D Cau A va B la phirong An dung

cau 14 Thang 10 - 1950, Quan tinh nguy$n T r u n g Quoc tien vao Trieu

Tien de l a m gi?

A Xam luge Trieu Ti§n B Khdng M i , vien Trieu Tien

C Cling v6i M l xam lugc Trilu Tien D Tranh chap v6ng dat Trieu Tien vdi Mi

cau 15 Ngay 17 - 7 - 1953 Hi$p dinh dinh chid'n drfdc k i ket givCa cac the

li^c nao de giai quyg't v a n de ve T r i ^ u Tien v a H a n Quoc?

A GiiJfa Trung Quoc - Trieu Tien vdi M i - Han Quoc

B GiUa Nam Trieu Tien vdi Bdc Trieu Tien

C Giaa Cong h6a Dan chu Nhan dan TriSu Tien v6i Dai Han Dan Quoc

D GiCfa Lien X6 vdi M i de phan chia khu vUc &nh hudng d Nam - Bdc Trieu Tien

70

C&u 16 Trvifdrc srf de doa ciia Mi doi vdi Cu-ba, m u a he n&m 1962, chinh

pbu L i S n X6 v a Cu-ba da thoa thu^n dieu gi?

A Lien X6 dua quan doi sang Cu-ba, giup nh&n dSn Cu-ba chong M i

B Lien X6 va Cu-ba thoa thufin hop tac chong M i den cung

C Lien X6 xfiy dung cSn cU ten liifa dan dao tAm trung tr§n lanh tho Cu-ba

D Tfi't ca c&c thoa thuan tren

cau 17 Lay cd gi m a ngay 22 - 10 - 1962, Tong thong M i Ken-ntf-di l e n nhutag boat dpng quan stf c u a L i e n X6 tai Cu-ba?

A Lay cd Lien X6 xam luge Cu-ba B Lay cd an ninh nUdc M i hi de doa

C Lay cd chau M i la ciia ngUdi M i D Lay cd Cu-ba la san sau em dem cua Mi

cau 18 S a u Hipp dinh Gid-ne-vcf 1954 ve Dong Dricfng, Mi da nhanh

chong ha't c^ng P h a p dtfng nen chinh quyen tay sai d miin Nam, do la:

A Chinh quyen Bao Dai B Chinh quyen Nguyen VSn Thieu

C Chinh quyen Ngo Dinh Diem D Chinh phu Tran Trong K i m

cau 19 A m mrfu ciia Mi trong vipc xam chiem mien Nam Vipt Nam l a :

A Chia cAt lau dki Viet Nam

B Bien mien Nam Viet Nam thknh thuoe dia kieu mdi vk cSn ciif quan sU ciia M i

C Bien mien Nam Viet Nam th^nh trung tam cua chien lUdc toan cau c^u cua M i

D Cau A v6 B diing

cau 20 Hipp dinh vi nhuTng cd sd ciia quan hp giuTa Dong Ditc v a Tay

DiJc vao thofi gian nao?

A Ngay 28 - 2 - 1972 B Ngay 9 - 11 - 1972

C Ngay 20 - 1 - 1973 D Ngay 27 - 1 - 1973

cau 21 Hipp lidc b a n che v u khi tien cdng chien \xidc L i e n X6 v a M i k i

vao thofi gian nao? gpi t^t l a gi?

A Vao ngay 15 - 5 - 1972, ggi t^t Ik ABM

B Vao ngay 26 - 5 - 1972, goi tat la SALT-1

C vao ngay 26 - 3 - 1973, goi tdt la A B M l

D Vao ngay 25 - 6 - 1974, goi tit la SALT-2

cau 22 D a u thang 8 - 1975, 35 nvCdc chau A u ciing vdi nhOng ntfdc nao

ki ket D i n h vifdc Hen-xin-ki?

A Cung vdi M i va Lien X6 B Ciing vdi M i vk Phdp

C Cung vdi M i vk Anh D Ciing vdi M i vk Ca-na-da

Cau 23 D ^ u thang 12 - 1989, trong cupc g&p gd khong chinh thuTc giffa

Tong B i thtf Dang Cpng san L i d n X6 v a Tong thd'ng Mi Bu-sd d dau?

A d Luan Don (Anh) B 6 I-an-ta (Lien X6)

C Cf Man-ta (Dia Trung Hai) D 0 Oa-sinh-ton (Mi)

Cau 24 Trong cupc gap gd khong^ chinh thiiTc giffa Tong B i thrf Dang Cpng san L i e n X6 v a Tong thd'ng Mi Bu-sd da cung tuyen bd' va'n d^ gi?

A Va'n de chS'm dUt vi§c chay dua vu trang

B Van de han che vu khi hat nhkn hiiy di§t

C Van de cham dUt chien tranh lanh ,

D Van de giOr gin h6a binh, an ninh cho nhfin loai

71

C a u 25 N h a n g n S m 1989 - 1991, d i i n r a srf k i $ n gi g^n voTi c6ng C U Q C

xSy diAig chii nghia x a hpi d L i e n X6 v a c a c nvTdrc D 6 n g A u ?

A Lien X6 va cAc niJdc Dong Au c^t dijft quan he vdi nhau

B Lien Xo va c&c nUdc Dong Au lam vao tinh trang tri tre

C Che dp xa hoi chii nghia d Lien X6 vk Dong Au budc vko thdi k i on dinh

p Che d6 xa hoi chu nghia d cac nUdc Dong Au va Lien bang X6 vi&'t hi tan ra

Cfiu 26 Ngay 28 - 6 - 1991, d i l n r a srf k i ^ n gi gfin vdfi c a c nvTdtc x a hpi

chii nghia?

A Lien X6 va cac nUdc Dong Au hi sup do trong cong cuoc xay difng chu nghia

xa h6i

B Hoi dong Tifcfng trcr Kinh tg' tuy§n bo giai thg

C To chuTc Hiep lidc Vdc-sa-va tuyen bo cham diit boat dong

D Li§n X6 tuyen bo c^t diJt quan he v6i cdc nUdc Dong Au

c a u 27 Nam 1991, d i l n r a sU k i ? n gi c6 li§n quan d&'n quan h$ quoc te?

A M i wk Li&n X6 chfi'm duTt chien tranh lanh

B T r a t tif hai cue I-an-ta hi xoi m6n

C Trat tif hai cifc I-an-ta hi sup do

D X6 - M l tuyen bo hcfp tdc tren moi phqong dien

c a u 28 H a y noi thdi gian 6 cpt A cho phu hrfp vdfi stf k i $ n d cpt B ve

quan h$ quoc te (1945 - 2000) theo y 6 u c a u s a u day:

1)6-1947 A HiOp djnh dinh chig'n chien li/oc diioc ki l<et giiJa Trung Qu6'c

-Trigu Ti§n v(3i IW - H^n Qu6c

2) 4 - 4 - 1949 B Lien X6 va cac nu6c D6ng Au thanh Igp T5' chCfc Hiep USc Vac-sa-va

3) 5 - 1955 C IVIT ra "Ke ho^ich IVIac-san"

4)12 - 1946 D Hiep dinh Gio-ne-vo ve van de Bong Duong dugic ki ket

5) 21 - 7 - 1954 E CuOc khang chien ch6'ng thiJc dan Phap Ian rOng trgn toan coi

Dong Di/Ong

6) 25 - 6 - 1950 F To chLfc Hiep Vac-sa-va chS'm dift hogt dOng

7) 27 - 7 - 1953 G CuOc g§p g9 khQng chinh thiJc giiJa Tong Bf tha Lien X6

Go6c-ba-chS'p va Tong thong MT Bu-so

8) 9 - 11 - 1972 H IVIT thanh Igp khoi quSn si; NATO

9) 12 - 1989 1 Quan d6i Trieu Tign vU(?t vT tuyen 38 tS'n c6ng xuo'ng phia nam

10) 1 - 7 - 1991 K COng hoa D§n chij Difc va COng hoa Lign bang Dilc ki Higp dinh

ve nhffng co s6 cJja quan he giffa Dong Difc va T3y Difc

C&u 1: H a y t r i n h bay nguon goc, npi dung, dac diem c u a each mang

khoa hoc k i thu$t s a u C h i e n tranh the gidi I a n thu: hai?

* NguSn goc:

Nhan loai da trai qua hai cuoc cdch mang Idn trong cdc l i n h vUc khoa hoc

-IcT thuat D6 la cuoc cdch mang cong nghiep (the k i X V I I I - XIX) vk cuoc ckch

mang khoa hoc - k i thuat dang dien ra tif nhOfng nSm 1940 t r d lai day

- Cung nhir cuoc ckch mang cong nghiep d the k i X V I I I , cuoc cAch mang khoa

hoc - k i thuat hien nay dien ra la do nhOfng doi hoi ciia cuoc song con ngiTdi, dap iJng nhu cau ngay cang cao cua con ng^di

- Do nhu cau phuc vu chien tranh, can c6 su ufng dung khoa hoc - k i thuat do nhu cau vat chat ngay cang cao cua con ngUdi, nhat 1^ trong t i n h hinh bung no dSn s5', t ^ i nguyen thien nhien dang can kiet

* Noi dung:

- Neu cdch mang cong nghiep c6 noi dung chii yeu la ccf k h i t h i cu6c cAch

mang khoa hoc - k i thuat ngay nay c6 noi dung phong phu hon, pham vi rong Idn hon nhieu, trong do noi dung chu yeu la t u dong hoa cao do

- Cu6c each mang khoa hoc - k i thuat ng^y nay dien ra tren moi ng^nh, moi linh vUc

+ Khoa hoc co ban: Todn hoc, Vat ly, Hoa hoc, Sinh hoc

+ Nhieu nganh khoa hoc mdi: Khoa hoc vu t r y , khoa hoc du hanh vu t r u

+ Nhorng nganh khoa hoc mdi ket hop khoa hoc tiT nhign vdi khoa hoc - k i

thuait nhq dieu khien hoc, sinh vat hoc, phan tijT

+ Hien nay cac nha khoa hoc dang nghien ciifu giai quyet nhOng van de cap bdch ve khoa hoe va k i thuat phuc vu cuoc song con ngiTdi nhu van de nSng li/gng, cong cu san xuat, vat lieu mdi, chong 6 nhiem moi triJcrng, liTOng thirc -thifc pham

* Ddc diim: Cuoc edeh mang khoa hoc - k i thuat ngay nay noi bat ba dSc diem:

- Duoc goi la each mang khoa hoc - k i thuat bdi v i moi phat minh ve k i thuflt

^eu bdt nguon ti^ nghien ciJu khoa hoe Khoa hoe g&n lien vdi k i thuat, khoa hoc

trade md dirdng cho k i thuat Vi vay, khoa hoc da t r d thanh life lUcJng san xuat true tiep Cuoc cdeh mang khoa hoc - k i thuat con difoc goi la cdch mang khoa hoc - cong nghe

- Thdi gian ttr ph^t minh khoa hoc d§'n utng dung vao san xuat ng^y ckng riit ng^n

- Hieu qua kinh te cua.cong tac nghien cuTU khoa hoc ngay c^ng cao Dau tU

^^0 khoa hoe cho lai cao hcfn so vdi dau tiT vao cac linh vUe khac

C a u 2: NhiJtag t h a n h trfu c i i a e a c h m^ng k h o a h o c - k i thu|Lt I a n thuT h a i ?

T a c d p n g c u a n o do'i v d i s r i p h a t t r i e n c i i a n h a n l o a i ?

* Thanh tuu:

T r a i qua nijfa t h e k i , dSc biSt l a t i f t h a p n i e n 7 0 , cuoc cdch m a n g k h o a hoc - kT

t h u a t da t h u dixgc n h i e u t h a n h tifu to I d n v a k i dieu

- T r o n g l i n h vifc k h o a hoc ccf ban: Toan, L y , Hoa, S i n h da d a t nhOng nhOng

t h a n h tifu hg't silc to M n , d d n h dau bifdc n h a y v o t chifa tiTng t h a y

- Cac p h d t m i n h I d n cong cu s a n xuat m d i , t r o n g d6 c6 y n g h i a quan t r o n g

h a n g ddu \k sU r a d d i cua m d y t i n h d i e n ttf, m d y t u dong, ngUcfi m d y (Robot) v a

h a n g l o a t nhOng cong cu m d i v d i chiifc nSng b e t sdfc h i e n d a i diTcfc s d n g che n h ^ m

phuc v u cho s a n x u a t t r o n g t a t ca cdc n g a n h c6ng n g h i e p v a x a y difng

- T i m r a nhOTng nguon nSng liTomg mdri h e t siJc p h o n g p h i i v a v6 t a n nhU: N S n g

lifcJng nguyen tijT, nSng l u o n g n h i e t hach, nSng ItfOng m S t t r d i , n a n g lUdng t h u y

t r i e u , nSng lirgng gio T r o n g d6 n a n g ItTcfng nguyen tijf v a nSng Itfcrng m a t t r d i

d a n g d a n d a n dugc sijf d u n g m 5 t cdch pho b i e n v a tifcfng l a i k h o n g x a se t h a y t h e

d d n cho n h i e t d i e n , t h u y d i e n

- S a n g che r a nhOfng v a t l i e u m d i t r o n g t i n h h i n h v a t l i $ u tiT n h i e n d a n g can

k i e t , nhir chat P o - l i - m e d a n g giO v i t r i r a t quan t r o n g t r o n g dcfi song h a n g ngay

ciia con ngtfdi cung nhiT t r o n g cong nghiep

- Cuoc "each m a n g x a n h " t r o n g n o n g n g h i e p l a t h ^ n h qua t d n g hcfp cua nhieu

n g ^ n h k h o a hoc, dac b i e t l a s i n h hoc, h6a hoc, n h d "each m a n g x a n h " n h i l u nUdc

da t i r tuc, k h a c phuc n a n t h i e u lifcJng thiJe, d6i a n

- N h i ^ u t i e n bp t h a n k i t r o n g cdc l i n h vi/c giao t h o n g v f i n t a i , t h o n g t i n li§n

lac nhU: M a y b a y sieu a m k h o n g 16, tau hoa cao toe, ve t i n h n h a n t a o

- N h O n g t h a n h tiAi t r o n g l i n h vUc c h i n h phuc v u t r y : P h 6 n g t h a n h c6ng ve

t i n h n h a n tao (1957), con ngUcfi b a y vao v u t r u (1961), d a t chan l e n M a t t r a n g

(1969), t a u con t h o i K h o a hoc v u t r u va d u h a n h v u t r u ngay cang phuc v u dac;

life cho cuoc s6'ng con ngUdi

* Tac dgng:

- T i c h cue:

+ T r o n g each m a n g khoa hoc - k i thuat da l a m t h a y d o i ccf b a n cac y6u t6' cua

san xuat, tao r a bifdc nhay vot chifa ttoig t h a y cua luc iLfcfng san xuat v a n a n g suait lao

dong, san xuat r a k h o i lUcfng h a n g hoa d6 so, t i e n n g h i , hien dai V i v a y ddi song con

ngucri k h o n g ngitog dugc cai t h i e n , mtfc song ngay cang dugc n a n g cao

+ Difa t d i nhOng t h a y ddi I d n lao ve co cau d a n cif v d i x u h u d n g d a n s6' lao

d o n g t r o n g n o n g n g h i e p g i a m d i , d a n s6' t r o n g cac n g a n h d i c h v u t a n g ISn

+ Difa l o a i ngtfcJi chuyen sang m o t n e n v a n m i n h m d i ; sau v a n m i n h nong

n g h i e i j , v a n m i n h cong n g h i e p do l a "Vftn m i n h t r i tue" l a y v i t i n h , d i e n tit t h o n g

t i n v a cong n g h e s i n h hoa l a m cd sd

+ L a m cho sif giao k i n h t e , v a n hoa, khoa hoc - k i t h u a t n g a y cang

dirge qudc t e h o a cao M o t t h i trUdng t h e g i d i d a n g h i n h t h a n h , bao g o m t a t ca

cac nude cd che do x a h o i khac n h a u , vira h g p tac, viTa d a u t r a n h v d i n h a u , cung

chung sd'ng h o a b i n h

74

- H a u q u i : Cuoc cdch m a n g khoa hoc - k i t h u a t do con ngudi l a m chii, n e n

di/gc siJ d u n g theo nhOrng muc dich khac n h a u N e u dugc sijf d u n g d u n g hirdng se

m a n g l a i nguon lire v a sijfc m a n h to I d n Ngugc l a i , neu b i suf dung v d i muc dich t r d i

v d i l g i i c h p h a t t r i e n cua n h a n loai, c6 t h e d a n t d i nhCCng sU tan pha k h o n g lirdng

hg't dugc:

+ D a t a o r a n h i l u loai v u k h i b u y d i e t cd s d l u g n g r a ' t l d n m a c h i cSn m o t

p h a n ra't n h d t r o n g s d do d a de doa sir song cua ca h a n h t i n h

+ T a i nguygn ngay cang k i e t que, t r a i dat d a n g keu cufu

+ M o i t r i r d n g b i 6 nhi§m n g h i e m t r o n g , de doa s d song ciia l o a i ngirdi + S i n h r a n h i e u b e n h t a t , t a i n a n g a n l i e n v d i k i t h u a t h i e n d a i

+ D a t r a n h i e u v a n de x a h o i g a n l i e n v d i k i t h u a t h i e n d a i

- NhOrng hau qua n d i t r e n d a n g dat r a trirdc n h a n l o a i n h i e u v a n de ca'p bach:

+ P h a i bao ve t a i nguyen - m o i triTdng

+ P h a i sijf d u n g t h a n h tiru khoa hoc - k i f h u a t vao m u c d i c h hda b i n h

A Mpi phat minh ve kT thuat deu di/dc bat nguon ti^ nghien ciru i<hoa hpc

B Cach mang l<hoa hpc - kT thuSt dap Lfng nhu cau ngay cang cao cua con ngucJi

C Khoa hpc - kT thuat \rb thanh life iudng san xuat tri^c tiep

D Chien tranh bung np cin ifng dyng khoa hpc - kT thuat

E Hieu qua cua ccng tac-nghien cifu khca hpc ngay cang cao

F SI; biing no dan so, tai nguyen thien nhien ngay cang can kigt

each mang k h o a hoc - k i thusit sau C h i e n t r a n h the gidi thxJ h a i

_ J A L a m t h a y ddi ccf b a n cac y e u t d ciia s a n xua't, tao r a bodc n h a y v o t chOa

tOng t h a y ciia lOc l o g n g s a n xua't va n a n g sua't lao dong

^ B P h o n g t h a n h cong ve t i n h n h a n tao, dOa con ngOdi b a y vao v u t r u