INTRODUCTION
Rationale
The environment has evolved into a global concern, transcending local and national boundaries Rapid socio-economic growth, urbanization, and industrialization have significantly degraded our environment, exacerbated by a lack of awareness and responsibility among individuals This degradation poses a serious threat to ecological balance, depletes natural resources, and jeopardizes both quality of life and the nation's sustainable development goals.
To address pressing environmental challenges, the State prioritizes the enhancement of scientific and technological research alongside the training of environmental experts This initiative plays a crucial role in safeguarding the environment and ensuring a sustainable future for our planet.
As a final year Environmental Science and Management student at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, I recognize the importance of internships in gaining practical experience My focus on "monitoring methods of water environment" at the Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environment Monitoring aims to enhance students' understanding of water environment monitoring and their specialization This opportunity allows us to consolidate theoretical knowledge acquired in school and apply it in real-world scenarios Additionally, it prepares us to adopt effective study and work habits, ensuring we graduate as qualified professionals ready to meet industry demands.
Objectives
- Give students the opportunity to apply the theory to practice, to practice their skills in a harsh working environment that requires not only knowledge in books but also practical knowledge
Monitoring water environment components is essential for understanding water quality Key skills include the proper techniques for taking and preserving samples, as well as rapid measurement methods for indicators such as pH, BOD, COD, DO, and TSS in the field.
Content of work
- Learn about the functions, tasks and activities of Thai Nguyen Center for Resource and Environmental Monitoring
- Learn about the content and steps of water environmental monitoring.
Profile of the cooperating agency
Name: THAI NGUYEN CENTER FOR RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL
Address: 425A - Phan Dinh Phung Stress, Thai Nguyen City, Thai Nguyen Province
1.4.1 History of formation and development
The Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environment Monitoring, originally established in 1998 as the Station for Environment Monitoring and Analysis by the Ministry of Science and Technology for Environment, serves as a vital monitoring facility for the Northeast region.
- In 2004, the station for environmental monitoring and analysis was upgraded to the Center of Environmental Monitoring and Protection - Thai Nguyen Department of Natural Resources and Environment
- Decision on renaming and reorganizing Center for Environmental Monitoring and Protection into Center for Environmental Monitoring No 319/QD-UBND dated 18/02/2008 of Thai Nguyen People's Committee
- Decision on the reorganization and renaming Center for Environmental Monitoring into Center of Environmental Monitoring and Technology No 292/QD- UBND dated 02/12/2010 of Thai Nguyen People's Committee
- Decision on the reorganization and renaming Center for Environmental Monitoring and Technology into the Center for Resources and Environment Monitoring No 1856/QD-UBND dated 28/07/2015 of Thai Nguyen People's Committee
1 To measure, monitor and analyses the environmental indicators in the system of environmental monitoring network in the province, Song Cau basin in 6 provinces, the Northeast region
2 To measure and monitor indicators in the field of water resources (water quality monitoring, water reserve, water dynamics, surface water flow for surface water, degraded and depleted water areas); Measurement, observation and analysis of indicators in the field of mineral resources (mineral composition in mineral samples)
3 To serve the monitoring, inspection and control of environmental pollution and solicitation of environmental technical expertise according to the requirements of environmental technical expertise as required
4 To investigate, survey and assess the current state of the environment, environmental impact assessment synthesis and predict changes in the environment, assess the impact of climate change; Statistical surveys, assessment of waste, pollution, degradation, environmental incidents; Projects on biosafety and biodiversity conservation
5 To formulate and implement of schemes and projects: classification, collection, treatment, reduction, recycling and burial of wastes; Projects, tasks on protection, remediation, and renovation of the environment of polluted and degraded river basins
6 To research, investigate; survey the current status and the happening of pollution impact on community health
7 To organize the research, apply and deploy the scientific and technological advances in the field of environment; to formulate and organize the implementation of projects on application of scientific and technological achievements; research and develop sustainable production models, cleaner production, and replication
8 To research, build, transfer skills, techniques and techniques in the field of environmental protection; method analysis tools
9 To participate in the research the impact on the surrounding environment of resource extraction activities and propose preventive management measures to reduce environmental pollution
10 To implement the environmental consultancy services: making environmental impact assessment reports, environmental protection commitments, mineral exploitation projects and projects on environmental rehabilitation and restoration after mineral exploitation To compile dossiers of registration for hazardous waste collection, transportation, treatment and destruction, compile dossiers of registration and certification of establishments and environmentally friendly products and cleaner production
11 To investigate the preparation of investment reports, investment projects, technical designs and cost estimates of environmental protection works and treatment of environmental pollution of land and water, dust and gas treatment; to construct, monitor the construction; install the equipment for environmental protection and treatment of environmental pollution
12 To get involved in training, communicating to raise awareness about environmental protection To implement domestic programs and projects and international cooperation on environmental protection iron mentally friendly products and cleaner production
13 To cooperate in joint-venture, associate and receive financial assistance from organizations and individuals, contributing capital in cash, assets and value of intellectual property rights in order to conduct scientific research and consultancy, providing technical and environmental services in accordance with the law
14 To organize financial management, property, personnel and other resources assigned to the Center's operations in accordance with the law
15 To Autonomy and self-responsibility in conducting environmental technology activities, signing research contracts, techno-economic contracts, labor contracts, training and fostering of cadres in the field area
16 To implement the reporting regime according to regulations
17 To perform other tasks assigned by competent authorities
Leaders: - Director: Mr Nguyen The Giang
- Deputy Director: Ms Tran Thi Minh Hai
- Department of Expert and Environmental Impact Assessment
*) The organizational model of the Center:
*) Qualifications: The center currently has 46 staffs
Of which: - Master degree: 24 people
Assigned tasks during internship
- Strengthening knowledge by studying legal documents on environment such as laws, decrees, circulars and decisions
- Participate in internal training sessions on wastewater and exhaust gases from Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environmental Monitoring
Station of Environmental Monitoring Deputy Director
Department of Expert and EIA
- Learn the position, functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environmental Monitoring
- Monitor the field in a number of enterprises in the province to explore the environmental management work: ground water and wastewater
- Carry out the works and tasks assigned by the staff of Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environmental Monitoring.
Timeline
Total months working at Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environmental Monitoring are from 1 st March, 2018 to 30 th June, 2018
LITERATURE REVIEW
The scientific basis of the topic
"Environment refers to a system of natural and artificial physical factors affecting the existence and development of human beings and creatures" (Law on Environmental Protection, 2014) b Environmental pollution
Environmental pollution is defined as the alteration of environmental components that violates established regulations and standards, leading to negative effects on both humans and wildlife (Law on Environmental Protection, 2014).
"Water pollution is a general change due to humans contaminate the water source and endangering people, industry, agriculture, fish farming, leisure, recreation, animals and wildlife"
Water pollution refers to the detrimental alteration of the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water due to the introduction of harmful foreign substances This contamination renders water toxic to both humans and aquatic organisms, leading to a significant decline in biodiversity.
Water is essential for life, serving as the foundation for all human activities It provides drinking water, sustains food production, generates energy for our economy, and supports vital ecological services The human body relies on water for survival and overall well-being.
Water is essential for human survival, comprising 60-70% of body weight and playing a crucial role in the function of vital organs such as the brain, heart, and kidneys Prolonged dehydration can lead to fatigue, headaches, muscle weakness, and increased susceptibility to infections A severe lack of water can cause low blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, dry mouth, and skin, ultimately disrupting the body's balance and health.
For social, economic and ecological environment
Water ensures food security for society so that no one is hungry and the food maker is not poor compared with the common ground of society;
Water helps every human activity such as bathing, washing, cleaning, cooking, ensure the quality of each human life and health for the community
Water is a vital resource that generates electrical energy through the dynamics of river flow, powering turbines and generators, and accounting for 20% of the world's electricity This clean energy source helps reduce fuel and labor costs, while also playing a crucial role in the production of various goods for trade For instance, producing a cup of coffee requires 140 liters of water, a medium-sized cotton shirt needs 2,700 liters, 1 kg of rice consumes 3,400 liters, and a 125ml glass of alcohol necessitates 120 liters Thus, the majority of economic activities heavily rely on water resources However, the economic value of water extends beyond monetary measures, as many water-related services hold significant value that is difficult to quantify Additionally, water has been foundational in shaping cultures and civilizations, exemplified by the Egyptian culture along the Nile, Mesopotamian culture in the Tigris and Euphrates basins, Indian culture in the Indus basin, and Chinese culture in the Yellow River basin.
For other living species on earth
Water is essential for the survival and growth of plants and animals, playing a crucial role in nutrient exchange within their bodies Without water, life as we know it would not exist, highlighting its fundamental importance to all living organisms on Earth.
Environmental monitoring involves systematic processes and activities aimed at assessing the quality and components of the environment, as well as the factors influencing it, to ensure necessary information is gathered for effective management and protection.
12 information to prepare the assessment on current status and change of the environment quality, and harmful impacts on the environment."(Law on Environmental Protection,
2014) b Indicators to assess water resources
Water quality assessment and pollution levels are determined by key indicators that align with national and international environmental protection laws By integrating water quality requirements with pollutant levels, specific indicators can be established to monitor and regulate water used for various purposes, as outlined in the Regional Aquatics Monitoring Program (2016).
pH is a crucial parameter for evaluating water pollution, wastewater quality, water hardness, flocculation, corrosion potential, and base oxide balance It indicates acidity (pH < 7) or alkalinity (pH > 7), reflecting the chemical impacts on water Extreme pH levels can be detrimental to aquatic life.
Suspended solids are tiny solid particles that remain dispersed in water, either as a colloid or due to water movement A high concentration of suspended solids can lead to poor visibility, impacting various applications, including reducing light transmission in water, which in turn affects photosynthesis.
Excessive suspended solids in underwater environments deplete oxygen levels, negatively affecting aquatic life, including fish and shrimp These particles can obstruct fish gills, impair respiration, and hinder growth, ultimately impacting the development of eggs and larvae.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial for the respiration of aquatic life, including fish, shrimp, amphibians, and insects Healthy lakes typically have high levels of DO, supporting diverse species and vibrant ecosystems Conversely, low DO levels can negatively impact aquatic organisms and overall water quality.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in water are crucial for the survival of aquatic animals, as a significant drop can lead to their disappearance or even death The reduction in DO is primarily caused by the discharge of industrial wastewater and agricultural runoff, which introduces organic matter into water bodies Microorganisms consume this organic material, leading to a depletion of oxygen levels, thereby threatening aquatic ecosystems.
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) measures the amount of oxygen consumed by reactions in a solution, typically expressed in milligrams per liter It serves as a crucial indicator of water pollution levels in wastewater, surface water, and living water, reflecting the presence of organic matter A high COD level signifies significant organic pollution in the water source, highlighting the need for effective water quality management.
BOD is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed (i.e demanded) by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a crucial metric in wastewater treatment, measured at a specific temperature over a defined period It plays a significant role in the design and operation of wastewater treatment facilities, as higher BOD values indicate increased levels of organic pollution.
Research situation in Vietnam and in the world
Water pollution in both continental and oceanic environments is escalating rapidly, closely mirroring the rate of economic development in various countries As societies progress, they face an increasing risk of water contamination, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable practices to mitigate this growing concern.
Catastrophic water pollution is a significant issue in the United States, particularly along the eastern shores and in various other regions The Great Lakes, especially Lake Erie, face severe pollution challenges that threaten their ecological health.
In the early 19th century, the Thames River in England was remarkably clean, but by the mid-20th century, it had deteriorated into an open drainage system This decline in water quality was not unique to the Thames, as many rivers experienced similar issues prior to the implementation of stringent protection measures.
From 1980 to 2006, China's annual waste and industrial waste discharge surged from 23.9 billion cubic meters to 73.1 billion cubic meters, leading to significant environmental concerns A substantial volume of untreated waste continues to flow into rivers, resulting in heightened pollution levels in these water bodies.
The lack of developed industries in our country has led to significant challenges, particularly due to urbanization This trend has resulted in the emergence of industrial parks and increased urban pollution, which has severely impacted our seas, rivers, and groundwater across various regions.
Agriculture, particularly in the Cuu Long Delta and Red River Delta, is the largest consumer of water for irrigating rice and other crops Additionally, the reliance on agricultural chemicals and fertilizers exacerbates environmental pollution in rural areas.
Industrial activities are the primary contributors to water pollution, with each sector generating distinct types of waste For instance, the Viet Tri Industrial Park releases hundreds of cubic meters of wastewater from its chemical, pesticide, paper, and textile plants into the Red River, resulting in significant water contamination.
Particularly, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai and Ho Chi Minh City's industrial parks generate huge industrial and living waste water that have polluted rivers and adjacent areas
The rapid increase in domestic water use, driven by population growth and expanding urban areas, is contributing to significant pollution in urban centers This pollution is primarily caused by wastewater generated from households and small-scale industrial establishments located within residential areas.
Groundwater in Vietnam is significantly affected by pollution from rivers and lakes, leading to severe contamination The extensive extraction of groundwater has also resulted in salinity issues, particularly in the coastal regions of Thai Binh and the Cuu Long River.
CONTENTS AND WORK STEPS OF WATER
Planning and building monitoring contents
- Define the objectives of the monitoring
- Identify areas of interest: Space and time
+ The history of the place
- Determine the type of sample to be collected
- Proposing a quality assurance plan: measurement objectives, sampling procedures, laboratory procedures, data processing, manipulation of data, analysis and statistics
- Check data obtained from previous surveys, outlines boundaries and trends
- Proposed a field sampling program: Number of samples, sampling locations, sampling time, sampling frequency
- Identify of necessary statistical procedures, data graphs, comments, abstracts
- Conduct survey according to the proposed plan
- Assess the conformity with the original objectives of the monitoring
Environmental monitoring in the field
On-site monitoring consists of several critical stages, including the preparation of necessary items, field sampling, and the transfer of data to relevant parties Each stage must adhere to established requirements to ensure optimal efficiency throughout the process.
The initial stage of the sampling process is crucial for the staff, as it involves understanding the assignment and preparing for fieldwork Proper comprehension of the task at hand enables the sampler to effectively determine the necessary actions during the sampling phase To ensure a smooth workflow in the field, staff must adequately prepare by considering the assignment details and gathering essential resources.
- Documents related to the partners: Contracts, agreements, written requests are sampled from the partners
- Papers about assignment work of the Center's leaders: documents on assignment of work, traveling documents signed by the leaders, approval,
- Professional papers: Forms of collection of environmental samples, field monitoring diary, notebooks,…
- The papers do not require the full, but need to be prepared at the maximum to be able to work effectively
- Equipment: Work wear (clothes, shoes, hat, raincoat, )
- Sampling equipment, field measurements: including the measuring machine for measuring gas, soil, water, noise,
- Material for sampling: bucket, racket, shovel, rope, sampling rod, etc
- Sample containers: bottles, vials, test tubes,
- Chemicals for sampling and preservation of samples: chemicals required for sampling in accordance with Vietnamese standards, including sampling of gases, water, soil, organisms, etc
Field monitoring encompasses all activities performed by the assigned individual after departing from the Center, focusing on two primary tasks: collaborating with partners and conducting field sampling.
3.2.2.1 Working with partners (if any)
When staff members collect samples for a partner of the Center, it is essential that the assigned individual completes all necessary preparations with the partner prior to sampling This preparation includes important collaborative tasks that must be addressed to ensure a successful sampling process.
- Complete the signing of documents, contracts, agreements (If previously not signed officially), and some other transactions
A discussion and consultation will take place regarding the specifics of the sampling process, including the sampling location, the samples collected, and the total number of samples This is particularly important if the actual conditions differ from those outlined in the original contract or agreement.
- Through the results of sampling, sign the minutes and relevant papers
If you are going to take samples for the center (the projects that the center takes), it is not necessary to work with partners
3.2.2.2 Sample collection and field testing procedures
Effective sampling and monitoring in the field are crucial, requiring staff to enhance their professional skills to meet established standards and achieve optimal efficiency Key activities in this process include the collection of samples for analysis.
Sampling of water: Water sampling must follow one of the methods specified in the table
Table 3.1 Method to take water sample in the field
5 Natural and artificial lakes and ponds TCVN 5994: 1995
6 Surface water, rivers and streams TCVN 6663-6: 2008
To ensure the quality of tap water sourced from underground aquifers, it is essential to thoroughly discharge the water for about 5-10 minutes This process allows for the expulsion of stale water, ensuring that only fresh water is drawn directly from the aquifer.
To collect water directly from a well, use a sampling device to reach the well tank's depth Allow the device to fill with water before retrieving it and pouring the contents into a container.
When selecting sampling locations at ditches, sewers, and manholes, it is crucial to choose areas with strong eddy currents to achieve effective mixing Prioritizing accessibility, security, and energy supply is essential to ensure optimal sampling conditions.
+ At the wastewater treatment station: When sampling at the input, the objective of the sampling program must be taken into consideration before sampling
When collecting wastewater samples from a multi-stage system with several settling tanks, it is crucial to ensure that the samples accurately represent the entire system rather than just individual stages.
Before pouring out of the environment, ensure you select the last tank If the tank is deep and direct access is not possible, use a bucket to collect samples and transfer them into a container.
- Drinking water and water used for food processing and beverages:
To ensure accurate sampling, collect water samples from both the inlet and outlet pipes of the tank, positioning the sampling point as close to the tank as possible Prior to sampling, drain the system for 2-3 minutes to remove any residual water.
22 and then take the new sample water into the sample container, take the volume to use as prescribed
+ At the water treatment plant: samples should be taken from the inlet and outlet pipes of the plant and as close to the plant (station) as possible
+ Tap water of user: drain water for a few minutes (2-3 minutes) before sampling into the container
- Sampling of rivers and streams
When sampling from the shore, it is crucial to prevent contamination of the sample caused by disturbing the bottom or shoreline of the hydraulic area To ensure accurate sampling, utilize a sampling rod or a wire to guide the sample bottle into the water effectively.
When sampling from a bridge, it is crucial to choose locations where the water depth is adequate to fill the sample container Additionally, care must be taken to ensure that the bottom of the bottle does not become trapped in muddy sediment while submerged.
When water depth is insufficient, select the most suitable sampling method, such as utilizing a sampling rod or wire, to effectively collect samples Additionally, ensure to conduct field measurements for accurate data collection.
Practice of water environment monitoring
Report on the results of environmental monitoring phase 1 in 2018 for Luu Xa Cement Plant, Workshop 2 in Phu Xa Ward, Thai Nguyen City
- Type of sample: wastewater - Quantity: 2
- Parameters should monitor: pH, COD, TSS , BOD, dầu mỡ, NH4 +, Coliform
- Prepare documents, maps, diagrams, general information on the area for sampling and monitor the climate, weather conditions
- Prepare the instruments and equipment needed:
+ Glass bottle or polyethylene bottle (250, 500, 1000 ml capacity)
+ YSI 556 machine (a multi-parameter meter), plastic bag, plastic bucket, disposable rubber gloves, stickers, distilled water, cold storage tank, cold stone,…
- Preservation chemicals: Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Nitric acid (HNO3), Hydrochloric acid (HCL), Phosphoric acid (H3PO4), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Figure 3.2 Sampling of wastewater from workshop 2 of Luu Xa Cement Plant
Figure 3.3 Rapid measurement of parameters and preservation of samples in the field
Monitoring of water environment in Cau River Basin, Cong River and waste sources
- Location: Son Cam (on Cau river, Son Cam commune, after the confluence with the river about 1km)
- Type of sample: surface water - quantity: 1
- The parameters to be monitored include 23 indicators: pH, COD,BOD5, DO, TSS, Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr (VI), Cu, Hg, Ni, CN-, phenol, amoni, NO - 3,NO - 2,
PO4 3-, total of oil, Coliform
- Techniques of sampling: QCVN08-MT:2015/BTNMT (A2,B1) (National technical regulation on surface water quality)
Figure 3.4 Sampling of surface water in Son Cam
Figure 3.5 Rapid measurement of parameters and preservation of samples in the field (Son Cam)
DISCUSSION AND LESSON LEARNED
Discussion
During my on-the-job training program, I acquired valuable knowledge and experience, particularly by studying environmental legal documents, which increased my awareness of various important regulations and guidelines.
- Law on Environmental Protection of Vietnam issued on 23/06/2014
- Law on Water Resources was adopted by the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on 29/11/2005
- Decree No 179/2013 / ND-CP dated 14/11/2013 of the Government on the sanctioning of administrative violations in the field of environmental protection
- Decision No 22/2006 / QD-BTNMT dated August 18, 2006 of the Government on compulsory application of Vietnamese standards on environment
- The regulations, Vietnam environmental standards
+ QCVN 08: 2015/BTNMT National Technical Regulation on surface water quality
+ QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT National Technical Regulation on domestic wastewater quality
Environmental monitoring is a priority for various branches and localities in the province, with implementation occurring at multiple levels for effective environmental management While some monitoring stations are equipped with essential facilities, including necessary equipment and laboratories, many areas still face challenges in their environmental monitoring activities.
30 little and negligible This is also the reason why localities do not know the specific situation of environmental pollution in their locality
The school's curriculum closely aligns with real-world work scenarios, providing students with essential skills in information technology and computer tools This practical knowledge gained in school offers numerous advantages for students as they transition into the workforce.
- Background knowledge is an important premise for reference documents and exploiting real data from the Thai Nguyen Center for resource and environment monitoring
- Soft skills: communication skills, teamwork skills, independent working skills and computer skills in the workplace
To effectively apply theoretical knowledge in the workplace, students need more practical training opportunities; however, such opportunities remain limited.
Lesson learned
My internship at the Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environment Monitoring significantly enhanced my practical knowledge and skills, bridging the gap between theoretical lessons and real-world application This experience not only deepened my understanding of my field but also provided valuable insights into professional life and effective workplace communication.
- Know the knowledge of the sampling process, operating instructions using equipment, transportation and preservation of samples
- Improve communication skill and behavior
- Familiarize and perform well in the workplace, and comply with the general regulations of the agency
- Always keep a good relationship with the staffs and listen to comments from staffs
With the guidance of experienced staff at the Center, I have gained valuable lessons that will help me avoid future mistakes in my career Despite achieving some results, I recognize that there are numerous challenges to overcome and areas for improvement As this is my first exposure to the professional environment, I have encountered confusion and a lack of confidence due to my limited experience and skills Consequently, my learning outcomes have not been as high as I hoped I realize the importance of furthering my education and gaining more experience to build my confidence before graduation.
Table 4.1 Environmental quality of wastewater at the outlet of domestic wastewater before discharging into the environment (2017 )
(Source: Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environment Monitoring)
Notes: Sample of waste water at the outlet for daily-life wastewater before being discharged into the environment, May 13, 2017 (N:21 0 36.724'; E:105 0 47.381')
* Evaluate the results of the analysis:
- The above water samples have 4/21 norms that violate QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT A, B which are:
+ BOD5 with 33 mg / l, exceeding the allowable of A is 1.1 times
+ COD with 156 mg / l, exceeding the allowable of A at 2.08 times and B at 1.04 times
+ TSS with 84 mg / l, exceeding the allowable of A is 1.68 times
+ Coliform with 3600 MNP / 100ml, exceeding the allowable of A is 1.2 times
Wastewater samples collected from the outlet of domestic wastewater before environmental discharge revealed that levels of BOD5, COD, TSS, and Coliform exceeded permissible limits While these indicators are not typical of coal mining waste, they highlight the significance of managing the mine's environmental impact, particularly from the daily activities of mine workers The findings indicate that the current wastewater treatment system lacks adequate efficiency in handling these pollutants.
The current assessment of surface water sources in the mining area reveals that streams exhibit black, turbid water The following analysis results table provides an overview of the surface water quality in this region.
CONCLUSION
Internships play a crucial role in a student's transition to their professional career, and my experience at the Thai Nguyen Center for Resource and Environment Monitoring was no exception During my internship, I enhanced my understanding of environmental laws, decrees, and regulations, while also gaining insight into the center's organizational structure and functions Additionally, I participated in training sessions focused on wastewater and exhaust gas management, which deepened my knowledge of environmental monitoring, particularly in relation to groundwater and wastewater management.
I was tasked by the staff of the Thai Nguyen Center for Resources and Environmental Monitoring with various responsibilities, including the preparation of equipment and supplies for field sampling, sample collection, preservation, and organization, as well as executing additional assignments as directed by the agency.
In summary, gaining real-world work experience is crucial for enhancing our knowledge and broadening our understanding of everyday life.
List of environmental monitoring methods (internal circulation) Thai Nguyen Center for resources and environment monitoring
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam (2017), technical regulations for environmental monitoring, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi
National Assembly of the Socialist republic of Vietnam (2014), Law on environmental protection, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi
Thai Nguyen Center for resources and environment monitoring standard process for water preservation (internal circulation) (2013)
Water quality indicators, regional aquatics monitoring programn (2010)
National standard about water quality - sampling - part 5: Guidance on sampling of drinking water from treatment works and piped distribution systems (2017)
National standard about water quality - sampling - part 6: Guidance on sampling of rivers and streams (2017)
Vietnam standard about water quality - sampling - guidance on sampling of waste water (2017)
History of formation and development of Thai Nguyen Center for resources and environment monitoring (2015)
National standard (2017) Water quality - sampling - part 11: Guidance on sampling of groundwater
QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT National technical regulation on surface water quality
David, J (2017) Water in crisis - Vietnam, Sahisna Suwal,
David, D., Fiona, H., and Michelle, W (2007) Australian Water Quality Centre:
Regulatory monitoring and testing water and wastewater sampling
Standards Australia 1996, AS/NZS 1512:1996: Personal flotation devices-type 1, standards Australia/standards New Zealand, New South Wales
AS/NZS 5667.1:1998 Water quality-sampling-guidance on the design of sampling programs, sampling techniques and the preservation and handling of samples, standards Australia, New South Wales Clause 1998a
AS/NZS 5667.4:1998: Water quality-sampling-guidance on sampling from lakes, natural and man-made, standards Australia, New South Wales Clause 1998b
AS/NZS 5667.6:1998: Water quality-sampling-guidance on sampling of rivers and streams, standards Australia, New South Wales Clause 1998c
AS/NZS 5667.10:1998: Water quality-sampling-guidance on sampling of waste waters, standards Australia, New South Wales Clause 1998d
APHA, standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 19th edition (1995).