Là mệnh đề không cần thiết phải có để làm chức năng giới hạn danh từ đứng trước nó, nghĩa là bản thân danh từ đứng trước nó bổ nghĩa.. Vì thế mệnh đề này thường dùng sau danh từ riêng h[r]
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TRƯỜNG THCS & THPT ĐINH TIÊN HỒNG
TỔ ANH VĂN
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ƠN TẬP ANH VĂN 9 HỌC KỲ II – NĂM HỌC 2020-2021 PART I – GRAMMAR POINTS
I CONDITIONAL SENTENCES – CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN:
TYPE 1 – LOẠI 1
Present Real Condition
Điều kiện có thật ở hiện
tại hoặc tương lai
Simple Present
S + Vo/ Vs/es S + WILL + Vo Simple Future
CAN MAY
Diễn tả sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
TYPE 2 – LOẠI 2
Present Unreal Condition
Điều kiện không có thật ở
hiện tại
Past Subjunctive
S + V2/Ved (BE WERE cho các ngôi)
Future in the past
S + WOULD + Vo COULD
MIGHT
Diễn tả sự kiện không thật hay trái với sự thật ở hiện tại
Ex: Type 1: If it rains this evening, I won’t go out Lan will miss the bus if she doesn’t hurry
2 Type 2: If I were you, I would buy that book He could buy a bike if he had enough money
- Unless (Trừ phi) = If …not (Nếu … không)
EX: If you don’t get up early, you will miss the bus
= Unless you get up early, you will miss the bus
II CONNECTIVES
1 and, but, or:
a and (và): là từ nối được dùng để nối các từ, cụm từ hay mệnh đề với nhau
Eg: + We buy vegetables, bread, fish and meat every day
+ Yesterday she watered the flowers and went shopping
+ James said that he was never late for class and that he always did his homework
b but (nhưng): để diễn đạt một ý trái ngược với ý nĩi trước đĩ
Eg: + He is intelligent but lazy
+ I like bananas but my brother doesn’t
+ She tried hard but failed
c or (hoặc là/hay là): dùng đưa ra một sự lựa chọn
Eg: + Do you come from France or German?
+ Is that good or bad?
2 so, because:
a so (vì vậy/ vì thế)
Eg: She heard the bad news, so she cried
b because (bởi vì/ do)
Eg: She cried because she heard the bad news
3 However, Therefore,
a However (tuy nhiên): được dùng để diễn đạt một ý trái ngược với ý nĩi trước đĩ
Eg: She rich and beautiful However, she is not happy
b Therefore (do đĩ/vì thế): đựơc dùng để chỉ hậu quả
Eg: He’s busy Therefore, he can’t help you
III.RELATIVE CLAUSES Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề bắt đầu bởi các đại từ quan hệ như who /whom
/which/whose/that và các trạng từ quan hệ như where/when Cĩ hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: Mệnh đề quan hệ
xác định (defining) và khơng xác định (non-defining)
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1 Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định
Là mệnh đề cần thiết phải cĩ để làm chức năng giới hạn, làm rõ nghĩa danh từ đứng trước nĩ Mệnh
đề này thường khơng cĩ dấu phẩy trước và sau nĩ
Eg: I don’t know the girl whom/that you met yesterday
2 Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xác định
Là mệnh đề khơng cần thiết phải cĩ để làm chức năng giới hạn danh từ đứng trước nĩ, nghĩa là bản
thân danh từ đứng trước nĩ bổ nghĩa Vì thế mệnh đề này thường dùng sau danh từ riêng hoặc các danh
từ bổ nghĩa (Mr Pike, Mrs Hoa, ), thường cĩ dấu phẩy trước và sau nĩ
Eg: Mr Pike, who is my neighbor, is very nice
a Relative pronouns
Functions ( Chức năng)
Defining (Xác định)
Non-defining (Khơng xác định)
Subject
( Chủ ngữ )
Object
( Tân ngữ )
Posessive
( Sở hữu )
b Relative adverbs
-When -> time
-Where -> place
* Eg:
1 Monday is the day We will come then
-> Monday is the day when we will come
2 I never forget the village I was born there
-> I never forget the village where I was born
IV MAKING SUGGESTIONS – ĐƯA RA LỜI ĐỀ NGHỊ
Để đưa ra một đề nghị ai đó cùng làm với ta điều gì, ta có các câu đề nghị sau:
I SUGGEST + V-ING EX: I suggest having a party
I SUGGEST + (THAT)+ S + SHOULD + V EX: I suggest (that )we should have a party
I THINK WE SHOULD + V EX: I think we should go out for a drink
SHALL WE + V ….? EX: Shall we have dinner?
WHY DON’T YOU/ WE +V …? EX: Why don’t we speak English in class?
WHAT ABOUT + V-ING ….? What about playing soccer?
HOW ABOUT + V-ING ….? EX: How about going to the dentist?
V ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONCESSION (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ )
A Although / even though / though + clause: Mặc dù…
1/ We continued working although we were tired
= Although we were tired, we continued working
2/ I didn’t get the job even though I had all the necessary qualifications
= Even though I had all the necessary qualifications, I didn’t get the job
3/ I couldn’t sleep though I was very tired
Eg: 4/ Though the girl isn’t beautiful, I like her voice
5/ Even though I see him every day, I’ve never spoken to him
B In spite of / Despite+ noun / noun phrase Eg: Although the traffic was bad, I arrived on time
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= In spite of / Despite the bad traffic, I arrived on time
Although it rained heavily, we enjoyed our vacation
= We enjoyed our vacation in spite of / despite the heavy rain
VI MODALS: may, might
Diễn tả một khả năng cĩ thể xảy ra, chứ khơng phải chắc chắn 100% ở hiện tại
MAY / MIGHT + Vo
Eg: + What is in this box?
It may / might be a watch
+ She may / might have a cold
VII PHRASAL VERBS – CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ
Cụm động từ còn gọi là Động từ hai từ (Two-word verb) hay động từ kép, là sự kết hợp của động từ và trạng từ hoặc giới từ
account for: chiếm
break down: bị hư, bị hỏng
break out: nổ ra, xảy ra
catch up: đuổi kịp
carry out: tiến hành, thực
hiện
come in: đi vào
come back: trở về
come on/ carry on: tiếp tục
cut down: cắt giảm
depend on: phụ thuộc
fall down: giảm sút
fill in: điền vào
get along with: hòa thuận với
get on: bước/ đi lên
give out: chia, phân phát
give up: từ bỏ
go on/ keep on: tiếp tục hold on: đợi máy, giữ máy make up one’s mind = decide live on: sống nhờ vào
look forward to: trông đợi look at: nhìn
look after: chăm sóc look up: tra từ look for: tìm kiếm look down: coi thường look out: coi chừng, cẩn thận ring up: gọi điện
run into: gặp bất ngờ run out of: cạn, hết put on: mặc vào put off: hoãn lại
set out: khởi hành set up: xây dựng, thành lập sit down: ngồi xuống stand for: thay cho stand up: đứng lên take off: cởi ra, cất cánh try on: mặc thử
turn on: bật, vặn lên turn off: tắt
turn out: trở nên turn up: vặn lớn lên, xuất hiện turn down: vặn nhỏ lại, từ chối turn round: quay lại
wake up: thức dậy walk across: đi ngang qua work out: xây dựng
VIII PREPOSITIONS – GIỚI TỪ:
1) PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
* At (lúc, vào lúc): dùng nói giờ cho thời gian trong ngày và những dịp lễ
Ex: at 5 o’clock, at 11.45, at night, at midnight, at noon, at lunchtime, at Christmas
* On (vào): dùng cho ngày trong tuần, ngày trong tháng, ngày tháng năm, các ngày cụ thể
Ex: on Monday, on 15 September, on 25 December 2005, on Christmas Day, on Sunday morning,
* In (trong, vào): dùng cho tháng, năm, mùa, buổi, thế kỷ
Ex: in July, in 2005, in the morning, in the 21st century, in the 1970s
* For (trong khoảng thời gian)
Ex: for two hours, for 30 minutes, for 5 years, for a week, for a long time, for ages
* Since (từ, từ khi) Ex: since 6.30 am, since Monday, since 2003, since last year, since I was a child
* Till/ Until (đến, cho đến khi) Ex: He’ll be at work until 5 o’clock
* Before (trước, trước khi) Ex: He often takes a bath before dinner
* After (sau, sau khi) Ex: I’ll see you after the meeting
* Between (giữa 2 khoảng thời gian) Ex: This office will be closed between Christmas and New Year
2) PREPOSITIONS WITH ADJECTIVES – GIỚI TỪ VỚI TÍNH TỪ
- to be interested in: quan tâm, chú ý đến - to be familiar with: quen thuộc với
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- to be fed up with : chán
- to be amazed at: ngạc nhiên, sửng sốt
- to be bored with : chán - to be amused at: thích thú, vui thích
- to be proud of : tự hào về - to be delighted at : vui thích
- to be kind /nice /polite /rude to : tử tế, ân cần, lịch sự,thô lỗ - to be keen on : say mê
- to be angry with: giận với (ai)
- to be angry about : giận về (cái gì) - to be fond of : thích
-to be open to : mở ra cho - to be convenient for: thuận tiện cho - to tired of : mệt mỏi - to be good at : giỏi về (môn gì)
- to be excited about : sôi nổi, hào hứng về - to be bad at: dở về (môn gì)
-to be satisfied with : hài lòng,thõa mãn với - to be afraid of: sợ (ai/ cái gì)
- to be surprised at : kinh ngạc về - to be weak in: yếu về (môn gì)
- to be ashamed of : xấu hổ về - to be on : đang diễn, đang chiếu
- to be famous /well-known /responsible for :nổi tiếng, có trách nhiệm về - to be worried /nervous about:sợ hãi, lo lắng về, chịu trách nhiệm về IX CÁC DẠNG VIẾT LẠI CÂU( Sentence transformation) 1 It takes + O + time + to V
took will take -> S + spend(s) / spent + time + v_ing
-to V ago 2 S + started / began -V_ing in, when
- for
-> S + have /has + p.p
- since
3 This is the first time + S + have/has +p.p
-> S + have/ has + not + p.p before In + năm 4 S + last + Ved/ c2 + when + mệnh đề Khoảng thời gian + ago
-> The last time + S + Ved/c2 + + was + in / ago -> It’s + năm / khoảng tg + since + S + V(ed/c2)
-> S + haven’t / hasn’t + p.p for / since
5 when + did + S + V(bare inf) ?
-> how long + have/has +S + p.p ?
When + did + S + last + V(bare inf) ?
-> how long is it + Since + S + last + ved/c2 ?
6 V_ing/ to V + be + (very) + adj -> It + be + (very) + adj + to V
7 excited about look forward to + V-ing keen on looking forward to + V-ing
PART II – PRACTICE
I Choose A, B, C or D to complete the sentences
1 A funnel – shaped storm passing overland below a thunderstorm is called a
A typhoon B tsunami C tornado D hurricane
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2 I suggest _more safari parks in Vietnam
3 Don’t _- too many pesticides on trees and plants
A spray B pump C enhance D tie
4 These companies are heavily fined for chemicals into the river
A discharging B dumping C producing D exposing
5 People are the rivers and sea by pouring raw sewage directly into water
A spraying B polluting C checking D complaining
6 This organization was set up to endangered species from extinction
A protect B distinguish C preserve D survive
7 putting garbage bins around the schoolyard to prevent lazy students from littering
A I suggest B Why not C How about D Let’s
5 He was badly tired, he took a rest before carrying on his work
A and B but C if D.so
8 Who do you look ? Your mom or your dad?
A to B for C after D.at
9 Tom finally won his after 12 years in prison
A slavery B slaver C free time D freedom
10 Do you remember the woman son I told you yesterday?
11 Many people were injured when the building
A collapsed B destroyed C struck D erupted
12 Sue: "You have read that article on the website, haven't you?" – Peter: " "
A Sure, thanks B Not at all! Go ahead C Not yet Why? D Yes, of course, I will
13 Electricity, gas and water are _ It is not easy to live without them
A luxuries B appliances C sources D necessities
14 The city was completely destroyed in Italy in A.D 79 was Pompeii
A who B whom C which D whose
15 There are two seasons, a dry _ a rainy one, in Southern Vietnam
A and B but C or D so
16 Last Lunar New Year’s Eve, after my dad _ to our ancestors, we ate sweet soup
A prayed B had prayed C was praying D has prayed
17 Please get your water pipes regularly for crack?
A check B to check C checking D checked
18 _ Passover, Jewish people eat a special meal called the Seder
A At B In C On D With
19 Hung: In the case of an earthquake where should someone stay? – Trang:
A Outside, because he can run far away B Inside and sit under a strong table
C Outside and stand under a big tree D Inside and stand by the window to breathe
20 We need new laws to the country’s natural resources
A dissolve B protect C fix D realize
21 He looks forward his old friends in that club
22 Luckily, the _ caused by the typhoon was not serious
A sewage B innovation C freedom D damage
23 We are very happy to be in Ms Hoa’s class She’s a very _ teacher
A disappointed B profitable C considerate D abrupt
24 Consumers spend much money on luxuries must be very rich
A whose B which C whom D who
25 Should we stay inside _ outside in case of an earthquake? – Inside
A and B but C or D so
26 If you keep your neighborhood clean, you _ an ideal place to live
A are having B will have C should have D would have
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27. _ he wants to lose weight, he has eaten less
A Because B Because of C Though D In spite of
28 _ Passover nights, Jewish people enjoy a meal called the Seder
A At B In C For D On
29 Lan: Why should we fill all the buckets with water before a typhoon comes? - Hoa: Because _
A Water may turn dark and can’t be used B There’s no running water to protect water pipes
C Water pipes may be broken by typhoon D Nobody use water at that time
30 Easter is a festival ……… takes place in March
31 The woman ………… is wearing the red dress sings beautifully
32 Thu took the trip to Dalat where her grandparent ………… long ago
A live B lives C to live D lived
33 Tan’s parents bought a car ……… they like very much
34 Thuy: Congratulate you on your passing the exam
Tien:………
A No, thanks B All right C Thanks D You’re welcome
35 Ho Chi Minh City ……… sunny tomorrow
A be B will be C is D was
36 On Easter Day, people … the streets to watch colorful parades
37 Tien: I think that Mother’s day should be celebrated nationwide
Thao: ………
A No, I don’t B No, thanks C All right D I agree with you
38 Our parents are going ……… the anniversary of their 50th wedding
A celebrated B celebrate C celebrating D to celebrate
39 Ho Chi Minh city’s temperatures will be …… …….27% and 35%
A at B in C on D between
40 It's very nice … you to say so
A of B on C in D by
41 ……….Mrs .Ha was tired ,she tried to help her son
A Although B So C As D Because
42 Vietnam, …… … is in the Southeast Asian, is considered the pearl of the region
43 Ba are very hungry he didn’t eat anything
44 Can you turn the volume ……… a little? I can’t hear it very clearly
45 Mount Pinatubo, ……… is a volcano in Philippine, erupted in 1991
46 ……… are the result of an abrupt shift in the underwater movement of the Earth
A Typhoons B Tornadoes C Tidal waves D Earthquakes
47 In 1995, a huge earthquake the city of Kobe in Japan
A struck B strike C stricken D striking
48 They made their living by fish in the ocean every day
A catch B catching C caught D to catch
49 I look _ to seeing the protection of environment from the local authority
A for B at C forward D after
50 There is too much traffic , the air is polluted
A Since B Therefore C However D But
51 I suggest _ harder on the pronunciation
A work B worked C working D to work
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52 He told me he to leave the city the following day
A will have B would have C has D had
53 I’m that I can go to Dalat this time
A excited B exciting C excitement D excite
54 Auld Lang Syne is a song which is sung on
C New Year’s Eve D New Year’s Day
55 People in Israel are going to celebrate their festival is called Passover
A where B who C whose D which
56 I was really tired, I couldn’t sleep
A Therefore B Because of C Even though D So
57 If I enough money, I’ll buy a dictionary
A have B had C will have D would have
58 Tomorrow we’ll go to Noi Bai Airport to meet David,…… comes from England
A whom B who C which D that
59 What would you do if you a ghost?
A see B have seen C saw D will see
60 The English examination will be held ……… May 5th, 2011
61 Mrs Yen forgot to turn ………… the faucet when she left for work
62 Ben Tre’s temperatures will be ……… 27oC and 35o C
63 They haven’t come back to their hometown……… 1991
64 Tom decided to continue with his studies
65 .Hung:”Thank you very much for a lovely party.” Hoa: “……… ”
A Thanks B Have a good day C You are welcome D Cheers
66 You look ……… in your new dress
A beautiful B beauty C well D beautifully
67 Nam’s father, ……… is 78 years old, goes swimming every day
68 I am ……… that people have spoiled this area
A disappointed B disappoint C disappointedly D disappointing
69 ………… can we reduce the amount of garbage?
70 In my family, lighting ……… for 30 percent of the electricity bill
A looks B accounts C takes D chooses
II What do the following sings mean? Choose the most correct answer (A, B, C or D)
1 A Please swing when you drive on this road
B Please take care as the road is slippery
C Please take care as the road is dark
D Please swing if there is a car in front of you
2 A Turn on the tap
B Turn on the faucet
C Don’t fix the faucet
D Don’t waste water
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8
3 A There is road work ahead
B Someone is building a house ahead
C Join us to repair the road
D Help us to repair the road
4 A There are no houses ahead
B This is end of town zone
C There are not any factories ahead
D This is not a city
5 A You are driving near a school
B There are children on the street
C Be careful! Slow down
D All above are correct
6 A Please put garbage into the basket
B Don’t put garbage into the basket
C Please put the basket conveniently
D Don’t put the basket conveniently
III Give the correct form of the words in brackets
1 The city was severely damaged by the earthquake’s (destroy)
2 We should care more about the _ of natural resources (preserve)
3 are worried about our environment (conserve)
4 She dislikes this machine because it works (effect)
5 The water here is , so we can drink it (pollute)
6 Hydroelectric power is inexpensive and safe (environment )
7 Please end the letter _ polite)
8 Some _ are trying to find out where those pollutants come from (environment)
9 Keeping the environment is a must (pollute)
10 How do we to the current environment damage? (response)
11 Our first is to supply necessities for the victims of the earthquake (prior)
12 Talking to people distinguishes him from others (humorous)
13 _ of the rainforests has happened all over the world for years (destroy)
14 Food and clothing are basic _ in life (necessary)
15 I met a lot of _ at the meeting reception yesterday (acquaint)
16 Those Japanese conservationists are helping Vietnam (kind)
17 I am completely with the poor result of your work (satisfy)
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18 Sheraton is a _ hotel (luxury)
19 eruptions can be extremely damaging to the environment (volcano)
20 I think it is dangerous to climb a mountain on a day when it is (storm)
IV Rewrite each of the sentences so that the meaning stays the same
1 You don’t study hard You will feel sorry later
Unless _
2 Yesterday I was absent from class because I was sick
Because of _
3 “How about taking these bottles and cans to recycling centers?” said the local authorities
The local authorities suggested that _
4 Do you know the woman? I have broken her window
Do you know _?
5 Deforestation causes floods to be more serious
=> If there is _
6 Mr Long is a conservationist He has just been nominated for the leadership
=> Mr Long
7 I was very happy because of being given many gifts on my birthday
=> I was very happy because _
8 Their water bills are usually enormous, but they still waste water
=> Though
9 Exhaust fumes are a cause of people’s respiratory problems
=> If there are _
10 That machine was very expensive It became useless after being used for a year.)
=> That machine, _
11 The storm disappeared soon, so everybody was glad
=> Everybody was glad
12 In spite of receiving heavy fines, those people continue dynamite fishing
=> Those people continue dynamite fishing even though _
13 We gave Mom roses The roses were very beautiful
=>We gave Mom roses………
14 That woman is a singer She is talking with your father
=>That woman ………
15 Although Mrs Thoa was tired, she helped Tuan with his homework
=>……… but ………
16 Liz has an exam tomorrow but she is still watching TV now
=>Although………
17 What about organizing a charity event to raise money?
=>I suggest we
18 Mr Brown is an English teacher He teaches us
=>Mr Brown,
19 Water these plants or they will die
=>If we
20 It rained heavily yesterday, but we went to school on time
=> Although
V Use the given word or phrase to write the complete sentence:
1 Anyone catching fish / should prohibit / Local authorities / and fine heavily / in this way
=>
2 500 liters of water/ can / A dripping faucet / waste / a month
=>
3 The most / 150,000 people / earthquake / in Japanese history / damaged Tokyo / and / killed about /
disastrous
=> The most………
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4 Thousands of people/ scientists / in advance / because / had warned / them / about / the disaster / were saved /
=> Thousands of people………
5 a time/ it is/ to clean and decorate / for families / their homes
=>
6 make/ energy saving/ Why don’t you/ posters / on?
=>
7 your nomination/m3e / Let/ you/ on/ congratulate
=>
8 occur/ in / Most of / in the world/ the earthquakes / the Ring of Fire
=>
9 important / Tet/ is/ the most /celebration / Vietnamese people/ of
=>
10 is celebrated / and / all Jewish people/ is Israel / by / Passover
=>
VI Reading comprehension:
Since most of the Earth’s surface is water, numerous earthquakes happen beneath the planet’s
oceans Underwater earthquakes cause the seafloor to move This result is the displacement of water in the ocean When this occurs, a tsunami may form This is a wave that forms on the surface and moves in all directions from the place where the earthquake happened A tsunami moves extremely quickly and can travel thousands of kilometers As it approaches land, the water near the coast gets sucked out to sea This causes the tsunami to increase in height Minutes later, the tsunami arrives A large tsunami – one more than ten meters in height can travel far inland As it does that, it can flood the land, destroy human settlements, and kill large numbers of people
A Read the passage, then decide whether the statements that follow are TRUE or FALSE
2 When there is a displacement of water in the ocean, a tsunami may form _
3 A tsunami travels in a short distance and then disappears _
4 A tsunami only causes damage at sea and along coast _
B Questions:
1 What is the passage mainly about?
A Earthquakes and tsunamis
B Earthquakes are different from tsunami
C What damage is caused by a tsunami?
D What causes tsunami and how they act?
2 What can be inferred from the passage? (infer: suy ra)
A The seafloor is not a safe place for marine life
B Earthquakes can occur everywhere in the world
C A tsunami cannot happen without an earthquake
D Both earthquakes and tsunamis are dangerous
Since most of the Earth’s surface is water, numerous earthquakes happen beneath the planet’s
oceans Underwater earthquakes cause the seafloor to move This result is the displacement of water in the ocean When this occurs, a tsunami may form This is a wave that forms on the surface and moves in all directions from the place where the earthquake happened A tsunami moves extremely quickly and can travel thousands of kilometers As it approaches land, the water near the coast gets sucked out to sea This causes the tsunami to increase in height Minutes later, the tsunami arrives A large tsunami – one more than ten meters in height can travel far inland As it does that, it can flood the land, destroy human settlements, and kill large numbers of people
A Read the passage, then decide whether the statements that follow are TRUE or FALSE:
1 Water covers most of the Earth’s surface _
2 The movement of the seafloor causes the displacement of water in the ocean _
3 A tsunami can travel in a distance of 5,000 kilometers _