O day, Lambert trieu tap Cdng ddng, xem xet viec diio, keu ggi sU hda hdp trong giao hgi va thdng bao ngi dung Cdng ddng Nam Dinh.. Hdnh trinh vd Truyen gido.[r]
Trang 134 Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd6 - 2009
HOI AN TRONG HANH TRINH TRUYEN BA CONG GIAO TAI VIET NAM
C o t h e ndi r a n g , Hgi An la mdt t r o n g
nhUng t h a n h phd' cd nha't d Viet
N a m cdn lai k h a n g u y e n ven cho den
ngay n a y TrUde day, v u n g da't n a y dugc
ggi ten la Faifoo Ve n g u d n gd'c eua t e n
ggi n a y cd r a t n h i e u each g i i i thich k h a c
n h a u n h u la: do chU H a i Phd m a ra hoac
do ten xdm Hoa kieu la P h a i p h a o ngUdi
Viet dgc t h a n h H a i P h a o ngUdi Bd Dao
N h a p h i e n a m t h a n h P h a i p h o Lai ed
each li giai eho r a n g , xua't p h a t tfl vi tri
dia li cua Hgi An d ben cda song Hoai
G i a n g (Thu Bdn) ngUdi T a u ggi la Hoai
Phd' Viet theo ki tU La t i n h la Haifo, va
d i n d i n theo thdi g i a n bien diing t h a n h
Faifod"
Tfl cudi t h e ki XVI trd di chUa N g u y e n
da td chUc cac ddn vi h a n h chinh, d a t
t h u e xua't n h a p c a n g , md cfla Hdi An giao
thfldng vdi nUdc ngoai bien Hdi An trd
t h a n h ndi b u d n b a n ciic ki t h i n h vUdng, la
ndi hgi tta cua n h i e u d o a n thu'dng gia tfl
n h i e u ndi t r e n t h e gidi t r o n g dd ddng
n h a t la t h U d n g gia c u a N h a t va T r u n g
Hoa D e n cud! t h e ki XVI, Hdi An da la
mdt h a i c a n g qud'c t e c u a V i e t N a m vdi
sti giao t h U d n g eiia ngUdi Bd Dad N h a ,
A n h N h a t va T r u n g H d a Hgi A n t r d
t h a n h thu'dng c a n g m a u dich vdi ngoai
qudc va ndi dd hgi b u d n b a n ldn nha't
cua t o a n Daijg T r o n g Li giai viec Hdi
An trd t h a n h mdt t h U d n g c a n g ldn luc
biiy gid, P h a n K h o a n g cho r a n g : "Hgi An
DOAN TRIEI' LONG •
chiim dia vi dy la vi Quang Nam Id trdn giau cd trong xd, phdn nhieu sdn vdt quy deu do ddt dy sdn xudt, lgi d gdn Chiem Thdnh, Quy Nhdn, nen di tap hdp nhdng sdn vgt md thuyen buon ngogi quoc cdn dung Lgi con li do chinh tri: ni/dc ta dd cung vdi Trung Quoc giao thiidng tii thdi Tiin Li, Ly, Trdn, Hau Le Vi sd ngiidi ngoai quoc gid mao thi/dng nhdn de do thdm nen trieu ndo cung chi cho phep hg
tu hdp tgi nhiing ndi nhdt dinh, ggi Id
"Bgch dich tri/dng" di buon bdn, ud cam
hg len kinh do Chua Nguyin d Nam Hd doi udi Hoa thi/dng ud thi/dng khdch ngogi quoc cung dp dung chinh sdch ngdn ngiia nhii d cdc triiu dgi tri/dc, nen Hgi An xa cdch Phu Xudn diidc chgn Id ndi tap trung cua /lo "'"^'
Lien q u a n d e n q u a t r i n h t r u y e n ba Cdng giao d xfl D a n g T r o n g , k h d n g the
k h o n g de c a p de'n sU k i e n xay r a d N h a t
B a n n a m 1 6 1 3 D a y la thdi diem phong
t r a o b a i n g o a i p h a t t r i e n d N h a t B a n ma
m g t t r o n g n h f l n g miic t i e u p h o n g trao
h u d n g tdi la cac n h a t r u y e n giao Chau
Au Vao n h f l n g n a m 1614, 1615, N h a t
B a n - m d t t r o n g n h f l n g nUde C h a u A d i u
t i e n dUdc t r u y e n b a Cdng giao, da cd mgt
* Ths Hgc vien Chi'nh tri-Hiinh chfnh khu vuc III
Da Nang
1 Trong bai viei nay de: dgc gia tien theo doi BBT sir dung dia danh dang diing hien nay: Hgi An
2 Phan Khoang Mel sit \if Ddng Trong Nxb Van
hoc 2001.tr 415
Trang 2Doan Trieu Long Hoi An trong hdnh trinh 35
sd lUdng ngUdi t h e o tdn giao nay k h a
ddng d a o ( k h o a n g 1.800.000 ngUdi) Lo
l i n g r i n g , h i e n tUdng n a y se cd sU a n h
b u d n g den c h i n h tri - xa hdi cua da't nUde,
p h o n g t r a o c a m va diet dao b u n g nd
m a n h me t r e n nUde N h a t
Ngay 14/2/1614, N h a t h o a n g
D a i f u s a n a b a n chie'u chi t r u e xua't cac
Tbfla sai Cdng giao t r u y e n dao t r e n d a t
N h a t B a n Trudc t i n h t h e dd, cac giao si
Ddng Ten p h a i tim each l a n h n a n d
nbUng nude lan b a n g t r o n g k h u viic Va
Hgi An eflng la mgt dia chi de cac giao si
Ddng T e n d N h a t B a n tim de'n Day la li
do de Linh miic F Buzomi (Italia) va
Linh m u c J C a r v a l b o (Bd Dao Nha) cung
b a i trd si ( N h a t Ban) la Giuse va Phaold
dUde p h a i s a n g Hdi An Cac giao si t r e n
day vfla n h a m t r a n h n a n , vfla co nhiem
vu t a n d u n g cac cd hdi t h u a n ldi de tien
h a n h t r u y e n giao d v u n g d a t mdi Bdi le,
cac giad si cua D d n g T e n d Macao trUdc
dd da dUdc mdt thUdng n h a n Bd Diio Nha
la F e r d i n a n d da Costa, ngUdi thUdng
xuyen budn b a n d D a n g Trong, cho biet
ve "mgt triin vgng tdt dep cua viec cdi
gido cho viidng quoc ndy"'"
Sd di m a n h da't Hgi An dUdc chgn lam
die'm de'n eua cac giao si Ddng Ten d Viet
N a m bdi vi, nbU t r e n da neu, day la ndi
budn b a n s i m u a t cua D a n g T r o n g vdi
nUdc ngoai, dac biet vi d day d a n g cd
n h i e u thUdng n h a n N h a t Ban cd dao
Viec s i n cd cdng d d n g N h a t kieu la ngUdi
Cdng giao d Hdi An se giup cac giao si
trong budi d i u den Viet N a m - ca ve vat
c h a t I i n cdng viec, nhU lam t h d n g ngdn
va t r u n g gian hUdng d i n hg tiep xuc v6i
ngUdi d a n b a n xfl M a t k h a c , m a n h d a t
nay cdn b e t sfle tien Idi de tfl dd tda r a
k h i p eac v u n g da't k h a c d D a n g T r o n g
c u n g n h u viec di lai gifla Macao, Viet
N a m va Malacca, Dieu n a y chflng td cac
giao si Ddng ten d N h a t Ban da cd sti nghien cflu ki lUdng va d u n g d i n cho
c h u y e n di cua m i n h Va t h e la "Cdc gido
si de lgi phia sau mgt gido hgi Nhdt hdo hung bi thieu huy cung vdi cong trinh udn hoa ud ngon ngd Thay vdo sii mat mdt ldn lao dy, Dong Tin lai tim diidc mgt miin ddt hda la lung, diim tuyet udi hai
xd Thuan Quang tii thdi Nguyen Hodng udo ldm trdn thu"^''K •
S a u 12 n g a y vUdt dai dUdng chuyen
t a u chd 4 n h a t r u y e n giao n e u t r e n da tdi Hdi An vao n g a y 18/1/1621 Tiii day hg
h i u n h u k h d n g gap trd ngai nao tU phia chinh q u y e n D a n g T r o n g luc bay gid (do Sai VUdng dflng d i u ) N g u y e n n h a n la:
"Vi mdi lo ciing cd binh li/c, Sdi Vi/dng khong de y den udn de ton gido, nin cdc cha tii do truyen dgo, lgi con di/dc kinh ni
"'•" N h u vay, m a n h da't Hdi An la dia chi d i u tien, ghi dii'u an ve sti tdn tiii va cua Cdng giao d D a n g Trong Khdng nhUng the, vdi vi tri q u a n trgng cua
m i n h , m a n h da't nay cdn ddng mot vai trd he't sflc q u a n t r g n g t r o n g sudt mdt (]ua
t r i n h dai t r u y e n giao va p h a t trien cua Cdng giao d Viet N a m Cd the n h a n tha'y dieu nay q u a mdt vai ttiem n h a n sau:
1 H d i A n la ndi g i a o xu' d a u t i e n d
D a n g T r o n g diirfc t h a n h l a p , t i i d d
t a o b i i d c d e m vufng c h a c c h o sii p h a t
t r i e n c i i a C d n g g i a o d D a n g T r o n g Vdi sii xua't hien cua cac giao si Ddng Ten tai Hdi An, nhflng hoiit ddng truyen giao cua Cdng giao dUdc chinh thUc tien
h a n h d D a n g T r o n g ciia nUdc ta vdi nhUng viec lam sd khdi, dd la xay c a t cac
3 Nguydn Van Kiem Su du nhap dia Thien Chiia
gido vdo Mel Nam tr 15
4 Cao Tlie Dung Met Nam Cdng gido sif quyen I
tr 341-42
5 Mgt giao su Sir hoc Guio hdi Cdng gido d \'iei
Nam Calgary-Canada 1998 quyeii M r 90
Trang 336 Nghien ciru Ton giaọ Sd6 - 2009
n h a thd (thiic c h a t b a n d i u chi la cac n h a
nguyen) va t h a n h l a p r a n h U n g giao xu
d i u tien t r e n m a n h d a t n a y (nhU Hgi An,
T h a n h Chiem )
S a u k h i den Hgi An, L i n h m u c Buzomi
c u n g vdi cac d d n g sii da dUng t a m mdt
n h a n g u y e n cho giao d a n N h a t k i e u va
cho ngUdi Bd D a o N h a , nhUng ngUdi dén
budn b a n d t r e n m a n h d a t naỵ de hg cd
t h e tbtic h i e n n h u n g nghi le ton giaọ
N h a n g u y e n n a y c u n g la trii sd t r u y e n
giad d a u t i e n cho cac t a n tin đ ngúdi
Viet d n h U n g v u n g x u n g q u a n h (Co tai
lieu cdn cho r a n g , L i n h m u c B u z o m i con
lap mgt n h a thd nfla t a i ndi cd t e n la
K e a n - tUc la Ke H a n Dia d a n h n a y ve
s a u c u n g dUdc ghi lai t r e n t a m b a n đ ndi
t i e n g cua A l e x a n d r e de R h o d e s ve n a m
1650, n a m d vi t r i c h a n deo H a i V a n
Cdng cudc truyen dao cua cac giao si
dugc tién h a n h ngay lap tfle vdi sii p h a n
cdng k h a rd rang: "Cha Carualho vd hai
thdy trd si phu trdch Nhgt kieu Cong gido d
Hdi Phó, cha Buzomi hgc tiíng Viet vd
gidng dgo cho ngi/di Viet Ddn Quang Nam
rdt thich nghe cha Buzomi gidng bdng tieng
Việ ""'' Ket qua búdc d i u t h u dUdc k h a
kha quan cd 10 ngUdi xin chiu phep Riia tdi
vao dip le Phuc Sinh n a m 1615, trong sd'đ,
cd mgt t h a n h m e n ten la A u t i n h xm theo
giup cac giao sị N h a n vat nay chinh la
t h a n h \aen d i u tien cua To chflc T h i y giang
d Dang Trong (Dieu do cung dong nghia vdi
viec, Hgi An chinh Id ndi đo tgo ra nhdng
thdy gidng đu tiin cho Ddng Trong) Viec
cac giad si lap r a nhUng giad xfl dau tien d
Hdi An da tao da cho qua t r i n h truyen ba
Cdng giao r a nhUng \nj.ng lan can cua Hgi
An va xa hdn nfla la k h a p D a n g Trong
cung n h u nhieu nUdc lan can
S a u khi da dn d i n h budc d a u , t h a n g
7/1615, Linh m u c Buzomi b a t d i u md
r d n g dia b a n h o a t đng T h d n g q u a sti
h u d n g d a n c u a n h U n g ngUdi d a n dia phUdng dng da md r g n g cdng cudc t r u y e n giad vad t r a n Q u a n g N a m T a i daỵ Linh
m u c B u z o m i k h o n g n h U n g dugc q u a n trán tiep dai tU té, m a cdn dUdc lo lieu ve
cd sd thd tụ n e n viec t r u y e n dao budc khdi d i u k h a t h u a n Ig'ị Cudi n a m 1615,
c h u a Sai N g u y e n P h u c N g u y e n (1613-1635) cho p h e p giao si n a y xay hai t h a n h dUdng; mdt d Hgi An va mdt d Q u i n g
N a m L i n h m u c B u z o m i di h o a t đng d
k h i p m i e n l a n c a n va n g a y tU n a m dau tien n a y d a cd b a t r a m ngúdi theo daọ
0 Hdi An thúdng gia N h a t den mdi
n g a y t h e m đng, n h i e u luc t r e n n g a n ngUdị N a m 1619 L i n h m u c M a r q u e z rfla tdi t h e m cho 40 t a n tdng, va dting mgt
n g u y e n dUdng r i e n g cho N h a t kieụ NhUng k e t q u a cua cdng cudc t r u y e n giad
6 D a n g T r o n g budc d i u xem nhU da
t h a n h cdng va t a o nhflng cd sd vUng chac cho q u a t r i n h t r u y e n giao lau dai sau
n a y Va nhU vay, L i n h m u c Buzomi trd
t h a n h vi giao si Ddng T e n thfl nhát da den Viet N a m va lap n e n Giao hdi Mien
N a m m a diem k h d i p h a t d a u tien la tai Hgi An, Q u a n g N a m - Da N a n g
2 H d i A n l a d i e m d e n d a u t i e n c i i a
c a c g i a o s i n i i d c n g o a i , d e t i i đ di
t r u y e n d a o r d n g k h a p n h i e u ndi
t r o n g c a n i i d c
Tfl viec chgn dUdc mdt "diem den"
t h u a n ldi m a n g ten Hdi An, cac biic be
t r e n cua D d n g T e n lien tiep cU t h e m cac giao si den ndi tiaỵ T r o n g sudt nhflng
n a m d i u t h e ki XVIỊ h a n g loat linh muc
t h e o cac t a u b u d n nUde ngoai cap ben Hgi
An de t r u y e n dao va tfl đ tda r a cac vung
l a n c a n k h a p V i e t N a m N a m 1 6 1 7 Be
6 Bui Dire Sinh Gido hdi Cdng gido Mel Nam
quyen l.tr 358-59 , ; , •., •
Trang 4Doan_Tri^uJ^ong H()i An trong hdnh trinh 37
t r e n Ddng ttii M a c a o p h a i t h e m hai giao
si; F r P i n a (Italia), F r B a r r e t o (Bd Dao
Nha) va t h a y trd si Diaz (Bd Dao N h a )
s a n g giup Linh m u c Buzomi (giao si
B a r r e t o d Viet N a m m a y t h a n g rdi cung
vdi F e r n a n d e z s a n g C h a n Lap) Giao si
P m a c u n g vdi h a i t h a y ngUdi N h a t d lai
Hdi An, cdn L i n h m u c Buzomi dem theo
hai t h a y Diaz va A u t i n h vao Binh Dinh
theo ldi mdi cua vi q u a n tra'n t h u N a m
1618, lai cd t h e m h a i giad si nUa la P
M a r q u e z (Bd D a o N h a lai N h a t ) va C
B o r n ( I t a h a ) N a m 1622, Be t r e n Tinh
ddng d M a c a o p h a i t h e m bdn giao si nUa
la; E m m a n o e l F e r n a n d e s , E m m a n o e l
Borges (Bd Dao N h a ) Giovannidi Leira
(Italia) va R o m a n o Niti ( N h a t Ban) Giao
si F e r n a n d e s den t h a y t h e Linh miac
M a r q u e s d k h u thUdng mai N h a t kieu
Hdi An Vi t h d n g thiio ngdn ngU va phong
ttac Viet N a m , L i n h m u c M a r q u e s dUdc
sai di cgng t a c vdi giao si De Pina d
Q u a n g N a m
Vay, rd r a n g la Hdi An da k h a n g dinh
vai trd "diem d e n " cua m i n h t r o n g qua
t r i n h t r u y e n giao d D a n g T r o n g (ndi
rieng) Dieu nay (^ung dUdc chinh cac giao
si dUdng thdi ghi n h a n va t h u a t lai; "Trong
mdy ndm sau, 1620, 1621 ud 1622, Dong
dd phdi lien tie'p nhiing thd mdi de'n ldm
uiiifn nho dep de ndy, ui/dn nho bdt ddu lan
ra khdp dd't niidc Cha Emmanuel Porgez
cung tdi Tdi se khong ke ten cdc cha khdc,
sd qud ddi dong Nhi/ vdy cung dii ndi Iin
rdng dd cd mdy ngiidi kien tri hogt dgng ud
trong it lau dd thdnh lap cti/dc may gido
dodti"'^' Tfl ndi diiy cac giao si chia n h a u
hoiat dgng nbU sau; F e n a n d e z d Q u a n g
N a m Q u a n g Ngai bai giad si Borges va
Luis d Quy Nhdn va P h u Yen Machi d Hgi
An, Machida d Cua Han; cac giao si
Buzomi, Majorica Pontes di giang dao cho
ngU(ii Chi(''m T h a n h , rdi s a n g C h a n Liip
Nam 1634 giao si Buzomi ve Macao va qua ddi d dd
A.de Rhodes c u n g la mgi trUdng hdp
n h u vay, vi giao si nay den Viet Nam vao
t h a n g 12 n a m 1624 vdi dia ban hoat dcing
k h a rgng: tU Hdi An r a ca D a n g Trong lan D a n g Ngoai, M a c a o (rdi s a u dd ve b a n
C h a u Au n a m 1645) S a u k h i den Hdi An,
A de Rhodes da tiep can dUdc vdi c h u a Sai Vudng, rdi cai giao cho mdt ba cd hg
g i n vdi C h u a ; ba n a y - cd ten t h a n h la
M a r i e M a d e l e i n e , da ra sUc t h u y e t phtac nhUng ngUdi x u n g q u a n h theo dao va che chd cho cac giao si, lai lap mdt n h a nguyen t r o n g k h u n h a d cua minh Cudi
t h a n g Gieng n a m 1642, giao si nay trd lai
D a n g T r o n g lan thU ba va cung diit nhUng budc c h a n d i u tien den m a n h da't Hgi An, de rdi tfl dd di ra v u n g bac deo Hai Van, len Kim Long bieu chua ThUdng mdt chiec ddng hd, va dUdc giU lai d phu chua
3 Hdi A n la ndi t r u a n c h a c c h a n
c u a c a c g i a o s i t r a n l i m g i svi t r u y
l u n g , b a t b d t r o n g n h i i n g t h d i ki n h a
N g u y e n c a m d a o
N h i n lai lich sU, do nhieu li do kbiich
q u a n va chu q u a n , sau mgt thdi ki yen binh va tiio nen nhUng q u a n he tdt giUa Cdng giao va chinh quyen, nhUng xung dot, m a u t h u a n da xay r a va ket qua cua
nd la cac c h u a N g u y e n t i y chay cac guio
si Ddng Ten, t r u e x u a t hg r a khdi D a n g Trong, T r o n g t i n h h i n h dd, Hdi An chinh
la ndi ta't ca cac giao si tfl nu6c ngoai vao
D a n g T r o n g t r u y e n giao phai t a p t r u n g
ve q u a n t h u c trUdc khi bi t r u e xua't (chu yeu la ve Ma Cao)
T h a n g 12/1625, c h u a Sai ra lenh t a p
t r u n g c a c n h a t r u y e n g i a o t a i Hdi y\ii
7 A de Riiodes, Hdnli Irinli vd Tnixcii guio Uy ban
Doiin kei Cong guio Tp Ho (lii Mmh, 1994 Ir 54
Trang 538 Nghien cuu Ton giao S(')'6 - 2009
Giao si Alexandre de Rhodes ke lai rang;
"Ndm 1625, Chua ra lenh cdm chung toi,
sau do triing tri gido ddn Chua truyen
cho hit cdc Cha Dong phdi rdi bo cdc gido
dodn dd thdnh lap vd rut lui vi Hgi An,
uien cd di hdo vi tinh mang cho chung toi
ud sii tii do thi hdnh chdc uu"^^\
Khdng chi vao nam 1625 ma nhieu Iin
sau nay, giao si Dac Ld cung da tim den
Hgi An de an minh va truyen giao; Nam
1640 "Toi ldn tranh ud siia sogn di/dng
triidc khi tie'n tdi dii dinh chinh Toi liin
ldn trdn d mgt tinh ggi la Hgi An, ndi
ngiidi Nhgt den buon bdn sdm udt "''^\
Nam 1645; "Tdu Tdy da tray di roi thi toi
miing le Phuc Sinh trong tinh Quang
Nam, CO rdt dong gido ddn de'n ldm
nhiem uu trong nhiing ngdy thdnh Ti/ dd
toi trd lgi thdnh pho ngi/di Nhgt ggi Id
Hgi AM"'"^'. Cd tai lieu cdn ghi rd rang vao
thdi diem nay "trong 22 ngdy bi giam d
Hdi Phd, Cha (Alexandre de Rhodes) dd
rda tgi cho 92 ngi/di"'^^''
Dd'i vdi nhieu giad si khac cung vay,
nam 1650, hai giao si Saccano va De-lla
Rocca van an lanh va bi mat truyen giao
d Hgi An va Ciia Han Day trd thanh
nhflng ndi cac giao si tiep tuc hanh dao
khi cac giao dan nhflng vung lan can tim
de'n "Nhdng dip le ldn, td ndi xa xoi, hg
keo din gap cdc cha di lanh dn Bi tich roi
trd ue di/a bd con ud ddn ldng gia nhap
cfgo"""', v.v
Tiep theo, trong hai nam 1656-1657,
"cdc cha udn khong di/dc ra ngodi khu viic
Cda Hdn vd Hdi Pho' Cha Riuas d Hdi
Phd, cha Marques d Cda Hdn Cha Riuas
td chdc mi/ng li Chua Gidng sinh 1656
long trgng dHdi Pho""\
Va au cung xua't phat tfl vi tri nhU da
neu, khi mdt tram nam sau, Hgi An van la
diem tap ket cho nhUng giao si hi bat va hi
tnac xua't Nam 1750, khi chua Vo vUdng ban hanh chi du bat dad khap vung Dang Trdng, nhieu giae si bi bat va hi true xuat
"Thdng 1/1750, Vu ui/dng cho ddn do cdc gido SI ve Hdi Pho vd true xudt khoi Ddng Trong ve Macao ngdy 26/8/1750 "^''\
4 Hoi An la ndi da d i e n ra Cdng
d o n g d a u t i e n c u a D a n g Trong (thii
hai ciia Viet Nam), va la ndi dat Tda Giam m u c d a u t i e n d D a n g Trong
Viec trieu tap Cdng ddng d i u tien d Dang Trong tai Hdi An vd la Iin thfl hai d Viet Nam (sau Cdng dong Nam Dinh) cung la mdt diem nha'n ciia vung da't Hdi
An trong lich sfl Cdng giao Viet Nam NgUdi da dflng ra td chUc Cdng ddng nay chinh la giao si Lambert de la Motte -Giam muc tien khdi cua Tda Thanh La
Ma va cua Hgi Tbfla sai Paris Sau khi Hdi Truyen giao Paris dUdc thiet lap, Lambert de la Motte dUdc cfl lam Dai dien Tdng tda d i u tien d Dang Trong nam 1659 Sau khi di kinh li mdt so' tinh phia Nam, Lambert lap tu vien "Chi em Men Thanh gia" d Quang Ngai, rdi ve Hgi
An thang 1/1672 O day, Lambert trieu tap Cdng ddng, xem xet viec diio, keu ggi
sU hda hdp trong giao hgi va thdng bao ngi dung Cdng ddng Nam Dinh Trong tac
pham Gido hgi Cong gido d Viet Nam, tac
gia Bui Dflc Sinh t h u a t lai sti kien nay
8 A de Rhodes Hdnh trinh vd Truyen gido Uy ban
,Sdd, tr 59
9 A de Rhodes Hdnh trinh vd Truyen gido Uy ban
Sdd tr 90-91
10 A de Rhodes Hdnh trinh vd Truyen guio Uy
ban Sdd, tr 183
11 Mgt giao su Sir hgc Gido hoi Cdng gido d Viet
Nam Sdd quye'n 1 tr 198
12 Mgt giao su Sir hgc Gido hdi Cdng gido d Viei
Nam Sdd quyeii 1 Ir 207
13 Mgt giiio su Sir hgc Gido hdi Cdng gido dMel
Nam Sdd quye'n l.tr 209
14 Cao Tlie Dung Viet Nam Cdng gido sif .Sdd quyeii 2 tr 904 j , 1 M i r - - i •
Trang 6Doan Trieu Long Hpi An trong hdnh trinh 39
n h u sau; "Thdng 1/1672, Ddc Cha tdi Hdi
Phd, nguai di'n d trin mgt cu lao heo lanh,
di nghien cdu tinh hinh ton gido Sau dd,
ngdy 19 thdng 2, Ddc Cha nhdm hgp Cong
dong Tham du cd 6 thiia sai, 4 linh muc
ngi/di Viet, mgt so'dong thdy gidng, cdc cha
Dong Ten di/dc mdi nhiing khong ai din
Hgi Cimg ddng, Ddc Cha nhdm dem lgi sii
hoa thuan hiep nhdt cgng dodn tin hdu
Ddc Cha phd bii'n cdc sdc linh Toa Thdnh
dgt vi Dgi diin Tong tba tgi Ddng Trong
Ke do, Ddc Cha trao cho cdc linh muc
ngUcti Viet vd cdc thdy gidng bdn nghi
quyet cua Cong dong Dinh Hiin d Ddng
Ngodi, vt9i nhdng chi thi rieng"^^^\
Vdi hai cdng ddng - N a m D i n h va Hgi
An, L a m b e r t da c u n g cd' dgi n g u cac tbfla
sai P h a p , dgi ngfl cac linh muc va t h a y
g i a n g b a n xfl, dfla cudc t r u y e n giao vao
ne n e p , t a o da cho cac giam muc dia
p h a n , s a u dd la d a y m a n h viec p b a t trien
dao D u n g mfldi n a m s a u , n a m 1682,
Cdng ddng lan thfl b a i cua Giao p h a n
D a n g T r o n g lai mdt i i n nfla dfldc khai
mac t r e n m a n h da't Hdi An nay N a m
1682, G i a m miac L a n e a u tfl Xiem La den
Hgi An m a n g t h e o sac lenh cua Tda
T h a n h bd n h i e m m i n h l a m Giam q u a n
Giao p h a n va giao si G u i l l a u m e M a h o t
lam G i a m miac Dai dien Tdng tda L i ta'n
p h o n g dfldc td chflc tai Hdi An Ngay
26/10/1682, h a i vi L a n e a u va G u i l l a u m e
M a h o t da t r i e u t a p va c h u tri Cdng ddng
II cua Giao p h a n D a n g T r o n g vdi mtac
dich la giai q u y e t va dieu c h i n h n h i e u
van de t h u g c td chflc q u a n tri dia p h a n ,
phfldng bfldng va td chflc s m h h o a t tdn
giao tai m i e n N a m
Tfl Cdng d d n g i i n thfl n h a t Toa Giam
mtac cua dia p h a n D a n g T r o n g c u n g dfldc
chinh tbflc d a t tiii Hdi An, mai den sau
nay mdi dfldc c h u y e n ra k i n h do H u e
(Thdi ki cua vi Dili dien Tdng tda thfl 4 la
A l e x a n d r e De A l e x a n d r e x ngUdi Italia
c h u y e n Toa G i a m muc r a H u e nhUng vi Phd G i a m m u c la V a l e r e Rist thi van d Hdi An Dieu n a y t h e h i e n mgt qua t r i n h
c h u y e n ddi cua lich sfl t r u y e n giao m a t
k h a c c u n g tU t h a n ndi len vai trd q u a n
t r g n g k h d n g t h e bd q u a cua Hdi An trong van de nay
5 H o i A n c d n l a ndi a n t a n g c i i a
n h i e u g i a o s i n i i d c n g o a i Hgi An k h d n g chi la ndi dau tien cac giao si nUdc ngoai d a t c h a n den ma cdn
r a t dac biet vi day eflng chinh la ndi an nghi cud'i eflng cua n h i e u cac giao si ndi
t i e n g t r u y e n dao d Viet N a m Trong so' nhflng giao si dUdc an t a n g tai day, d i u tien p h a i ke den la vi Dai dien Tdng tda thU 3 - G i a m m u c G u i l l a u m e Mahot Vi nay n a m q u y e n cai q u a n Giao p h a n n a m
1682, nhUng "tii ngdy nhgn chdc gidm
muc dia phdn, dd to ra nhiet thdnh vdi nhiim uu, ngi/di ldm viec gdp hai khi tri/dc di lo cho gido dodn vd lo cho linh hon minh di/dc cdu rdi Sii nhiet thdnh vd sii lo ldng dd khien Ddc Cha mdt sdm "'^^\ G i a m muc G u i l l a u m e Mahot
m a t tai Hdi An vao ngay 1/6/1684 tfle 18
t h a n g s a u khi dfldc t a n phong Giam mtac Mgt giao si nfla c u n g r a t ndi tieng va dUdc an t a n g tai Hdi An la Giam mtac
F P e r e s G i a m muc F.Peres dUdc Tda
T h a n h p h o n g G i a m mtac, Dai dien Tong toa D a n g T r o n g vao n a m 1691, qua ddi vao ngay 29 t h a n g 9 n a m 1728, thg 85 tudi va cd 37 n a m cai q u i n dia p h a n Giao si thfl ba la mgt h n h muc thudc Dong P h a n S m h - L i n h muc Valere Rist Linh m u c Valere Rist m a n g qud'c tich Dflc, trUdc dd b o a t ddng t r e n mdt dia b a n
15 Mgt giiio su Sir hgc Gido hdi Cdng gido d \'iei
Nam Sdd quyeii l.tr 285
16 Mgt giiio sir Sir hgc Gido hdi Cong gido d Mel
Nam Sdd quyeii 1 tr 298
Trang 740 Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd6 - 2009
rgng tfl D d n g Nai den P h u X u a n N a m
1737 L m h m u c dfldc Tda T h a n h d a t lam
G i a m m u c p h u t a k e vi, le t a n p h o n g dUdc
cU h a n h long t r g n g tai mgt n h a thd ddng
d P h u X u a n T u j ' n h i e n vi Phd G i a m mtac
n a y c u n g q u a ddi s a u dd it lau (ngay 15
t h a n g 9 n a m 1737) va c u n g dUdc a n t a n g
tiai n g h i a t r a n g ngUdi nUdc ngoai d Hdi
An S a u n a y dUdc dfla vao k h u d n vien
t h a n h dUdng cua giao xU Hgi An
Ngay nay, n e u cd dip den Hgi An va
t h a m n h a thd Hgi An, c h u n g ta v a n cd
t h e tha'y nhflng n a m md cua cac n h a
t r u y e n giao phUdng T a y t r o n g k h u d n vien
cua n h a thd, ghi ro t e n tudi cac giao si
nhU; F P e r e z , G u i l l a u m e M a h o t Valere
Rist Day eflng c h i n h la nhflng chflng
tich cho mdt thdi ki lich sU t r u y e n giao
cua Cdng giao d Viet N a m
Lich sfl d a n tgc Viet N a m m a n g t r o n g
minh n i t n h i e u nhflng bien ddng t r o n g dd
cd ca sti bien ddi cua n h i e u v u n g da't va
t i m a n h hUdng cua nd Hdi An cUng la
mgt t r o n g nhUng vflng d a t nhU vay Tfl
chd la mdt thUdng c a n g ndi t i e n g s a m u a t
va t h i n h vUdng bac nhPi't xU D a n g T r o n g
de rdi theo thdi gian, dia vi sd' mdt ay
k h d n g cdn
Vc Viin de d a n g dUdc de cap den d t r e n
cUng Viiy Vao nhUng n a m cud'i t h e ki
XVII trd dl, "Hc)i An khong con gii/ uai tro
ddu ndo ciia Gido p/ign Ddng Trong
nhiing vdn Id trung tdm ciia Tin Mi/ng
ldn nhdt Nam Hd Cdc Thiia sai Bale hay
cdc Dong khdc nhii Phanxico deu tap
trung d ddy, udi su" giup dd ciia Dong Ten
tri/cfc khi len Phu Xudn hay tod ra cdc ndi
khdc"'^'' T h a y vao dd H a Tien trd t h a n h
vi t r i sd mot d m i e n n a m Ddng DUdng v6i
sd giao d a n t a n g len k h o a n g 70.000 Q u a
t h e ki XVIIL tldi c h u a Hien, Hgi An
k h d n g cdn la t r u n g t a m thu'dng miii cua
ngu'di T a y PhUdng d xfl D a n g T r o n g nfla
K h u N h a t k i e u c u n g s u y g i a m chi cdn liii mgt n h d m n h d Cdng giao ngfldi N h a t Ban
do Linh m u c M a c k e va cac giao si Ddng Ten lo viec t u y e n uy Nhflng n a m 1770 Sai Gdn - H a Tien d a t h a y t h e g a n h vac
t r g n g t r a c h c u a Hdi An de trd t h a n h
t r u n g t a m giad lien c h i n h cua Giao p h a n
D a n g T r o n g T u y cac giao si Ddng Ten
v a n cdn b o a t ddng d Hdi An giao si P h a p
t h i thfldng d Cfla H a n cdn cac giao si
P h a n x i c o lai chgn T r a Kieu la t r u n g tam nhu'ng q u a t h a t Hdi An da k h d n g cdn giU dUdc vi t r i so' m g t t r o n g viec tao "diem de'n" va t r u y e n giao d D a n g Trong
D e n t r i e u G i a Long, chinh sach tti do tdn giad dUdc b a n h d n h va tbtic t h i nhUng
k h d n g m a y ngUdi cd dao trd ve sinh sdng
d Hgi An Cdn Hoa kieu p h a n ddng keo
n h a u vao l a p n g h i e p d Gia Dinh-Chd Ldn Theo n h i e u sfl lieu t h i h d n mdt t h e ki tfl
n a m 1800 den n a m 1914, vflng da't Hgi
An k h d n g cd n h a thd, k h d n g cd linh muc (juan xfl, va k h d n g cd ca nhflng sinh boat tdn giao Mai den n a m 1914, Tda sfl di
c h u y e n tfl La Q u a , V i n h Dien ve Hdi An thi mdt ngdi n h a n g u y e n nhd mdi dfldc lap len Ngdi n h a n g u y e n nay chinh la tien t h a n c u a n h a thd ldn Hgi An hien nay dugc t r u n g tu n a m 1963
N h u vay, t h e o thdi gian va sti ddi thay Hdi An d a nhUdng vai trd t r u n g t a m cua
q u a t r i n h t r u y e n ba va b o a t ddng cua Cdng giao cho nhflng v u n g da't k h a c Tuy
k h d n g cdn d d n g vai trd t r u n g tiim nhii trUdc day n h U n g vdi nhflng dieu vfla neu
t r e n , rd r a n g v u n g da't Hgi An miii la mgt diem n h a n , m a n g nhflng da'u mdc quan
t r g n g t r d n g tien t r i n h b o a t ddng cua Cdng giao d Viet N a m /
17 Mgt giao su Sir hgc Gido hdi Cdng gido o Vict
Nam Sdd quyen M r 298