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Sfi dqng lim thudc: Toan c6y vd 16 rau cdn drroc ding lim thuoc vdit6n Thriy cdn' N6 c6 vi ngot, tinh binh, c6 t6c dung thanh nhiQt roi niQu, gi6idOc ti6u thtng, chi huyet, gidng huydt 6

r.fuc NAc

Nric ndc, Nam hodng bd, MQc

hd tliOp, Sd do thuydn - Oroxylum

indicum (Ir,) Kurz, thuQc hq N(c n6c

nhu d6u, mAu ndu s6m, tdp trung

thinh chr)m d ddu cinh Qui hinh

ludi kidm th6ng xuong, ddi 50-80cm,

rQng 5-7cm, khi non miu xanh ve,

khi chin mdu nAu tim, chtla nhidu

hat c6 cdnh m6ng.

Phfln bd vi sinh th6i: Ntic

n6c phd bidn khdp Dong Drrong, An

DQ, Malaixia d nrrdc ta, cdy moc A c6c rrlng thua va ddi ven rirng C[ngthudng dugc tr6ng trong cdc vudn gia dinh ving thudng du Bdc BQ.

ChC'biCh lim thr/c phdm: L6 non, hoa, qui nric n6c non ddu 6n dtroc.L6 vd hoa ding luQc b6 nudc 6n chdm vdi thit, cd kho Cdn qu6 non thi dem

h)i vdo bdp tro n6ng cho mdm v6, rdi bOc b6 v6 ngoii, thrii m6ng xio vdi md,thft

Srfr dgng lim thu6'c: BO ph6n dirng ldm thudc ld v6 ciy vi hat Trong

Y hoc cd truydn ngUdi ta thudng dirng v6 nric n6c chfra bOnh ving da, ngrla,vi6m hgng, ho khAn tiO'ng, d4 diy co cfng, tr6 con ban tr6i vi s6i N6 c6 tinhm6t n6n nhftng ngudi hd hin dau bung, tldy bung kh6ng n6n dtng Ngudi tadtrng v6 nfc n6c cld thay vi Hoing b6 chfa ia ch6y vd ly, tU d6 mi c6 t6nNam hodng b6.

Chring ta tl6 chi6l rldoc trong v6 thAn ndc ndc mOt h6n hop flavonoid vi

dd tdch dtoc 2 chat chri yeu ld baicalein vd oroxylin Ngudi ta tlfl chtirng minhtlugc flavon crja nfc ndc c6 t6c dung chdng cho6ng phdn v0, chdng viOm di

N(c n6c

l Cdnlt nnng loa;2 Hqt

(tng 16 rQt Ngudi ta da ch6- h6n hop niy thinh viOn Nunaxin 0,25g ding chfla

mdy day vA di fng mdn ngrla Nunaxin khdng dQc, gidi han an toin rQng Vonric n6c cdn aluoc dirng ch6'vi6n Habacin khring trirng vi mQt dapg vi6n ket,hop hai loai tr6n Ngr.rdi ta c0ng ding nfc ndc di6u tri b6nh vdy nen vi hen

phe quin tr6 em.

Hat nric n6c c6 tdc dung ti€u vi6m, giAm dau, ding chia ho lAu ngAy,vi6m phe quin, dau da driy, dau bung Ngdy dnng 2-3g sic hay tdn bQt uong.

Dirng ngodi, ngr.tdi ta t6n bQt n6c ndc rdc l€n vet 16 lo6t, mun nhot vd

mir ldu ngdy khdng lidn mi6ng tld ihOng thinh seo, l6n da.

dr

6t - Capsicum frutescens L., thuQc

ho Cd - Sol.anaceae.

M6 ti: CAy nho cd lm Lr{ m6m,

kh6ng lOng Hoa trdng, moc drlng hay

thdng xuong QuA mong, c6 hinh dang,

kich thtrdc vi miu s{c thay tlO'i tny th(

Thit cay Hat dep trdng

Phfrn bd vi sinh thdi: dt goc d

nhi0t dd'i chiu Mf, duoc trdng nhidu 6

c6c nUdc chAu Phi vd khu vtlc D6ng vi

Nam chAu A At ld loai gia vi dr.roc

nhidu ngrrdi rra chuQng cfrng nhu hd ti6u

d nudc ta cfing trdng nhi6u th1 6t, c6

den 50 thrl' khdc nhau cria cirng mQt

lodi:

- Loai dt c6 qud mgc tllng, c6 dt

chi thi6n [var fasicul.ahtnt (Sturt.)

Baileyl c6 quA nh6 miu d6, rdt cay vd

lai sai qud (m6i cdy c6 tdi hing trdm qua); Ot nifjm (var rrrlcrocurltuttt (l)C.tBailey) c6 qud ra't nhri, d<i, ra-t cay;6t tim [var conoides (Mill.) Bailc.r'] rri quihinh chtry miu !im; dt ce (uar cerasifortne Bailey) c6 qud tl(tng ha1' thr)ng.

trdn, do vh cay.

207

6,

Nggn cdnh tt, g hou quti

- Loai 6t c6 qui thbng xudng nhrr dt sUng triu (var acuminatum Bailey)

c6 qui nh6, tl6, rdt cay; dt aai (vat longutn Bailey) c6 qui vdng, tr6ng lim

crinh vi trang trf; dt tay, dt ca chua, dt Ui, dt nggt [var grossunr $,.)Baileyl c6 hoa to, qui to mdu vdng d6 chtl kh6ng cay, thrrdng dnng dd ?n

sdng, xio dn ho{c nhdi thit trn nhu mQt loai rau.

dt sr.rrrg trdu c6 gi6 tri kinh td cao, trong d6 loai c6 qud chin d6 tlugc thitnrdng trong vi ngoii nrr6'b ua thich hon loai qud chin ving dt chi thi6n

c0ng ld c6y trdng phO'bidn 6 nhi6u noi, nhdt li, & ving nfi cao.

Chd bio'n lim thrtc phdm: Ngudi ta thudng ding d't dn trloi, ngdm

gidm, mu6i vi ldm bOt, lim tuong.

dt cO t6c dgng kich thieh tiOu h6a vd ting nhiQt cho co thd Trong 1009

dt, ti.rh trhng binh c6 94g nrl6c, 1,3 protid,'5,?g glucid; L,4g chdt xo; 250mg

vitamin C; 10mg caroten; chfng cung cdp cho co thd 29-30 calo.

Theo tii liQu nrrdc ngoBri, trong 1009 6t, c6 c6c thinh phdn sau: chd't c6

nito (15,50); tinh ddu (1,12); ddu co dinh (12,50); chat kh6ng c6 nito (35); cellulose (20,76), tro (5,17); capcaisin, capsixin, capsantin, chdt thom, lOxitin,vitamin C Q,06Vc)

Srfi drfng lim thudc: Ot cflng tlttoc dirng lim thudc Dirng trong, n6 lirchdt kich thich da diy, kich thich chung vi loi tidu Ding ngoii, n6 lim

chuydn m6u vi gdy sung huydt da dt arroc chi ttinh ding trong dd chong ktro

ti€u, mdt tn dng hrc, l6n men ruQt, Ia chdy, kidt ly, nOn mtla khOng cdm ilugc,tri ngo4i, thdp kh6p, thdng phong, thfiy thfrng, vi6m thanh quin, ho gi vir mQt sd chrlng liQt dt drro c ding ngoii tri chfng tlau diy thdn kinh do thdpkhdp, thdng phong.

Vd cdch s& dr,rng, khi ding trong, chl dtng lidu thdp, vi vdi lidu cao c6

thd g6y nOn mrla, Ia chiy, vi6m d4 ddy vi ruQt Nglrdi ta thddng dr)ng:

.- An 0t nhtt mQt thrl rau gia vi trong bfia in hing ngiy

- Dtng til 0,039 tl6n 19 m6i ngiry, dqng viOn.

- Ding cdn thuO'c ttroi hay cdn thudc (6t 1 phdn, rrrgu 330 2 phdn), liduding 1-4g m6i ngiy

Dd ding ngoii, c6 thd dnng cdn thuO'c trroi 15-209 fiong Ll2 cdc nrl6cdang thuOc s0c miQng Ho{c dtng bdng md (bOng md sinh nhiQt) dnng tri

vi6m diy thdn kinh do thdp khdp, cdm l4nh

Ta thudng ding dt trf sdt r6t, kh6 tiOu bhng c6ch ndu nrr6c uong Ldy

30g Li gid lay nrrdc udng trrrdc khi l0n con 2 gid, m6i ngiy udng mQt ldn m6idot tlidu tri 5-7 ngiy lidn L6 6t cbn dfing tl{p tri mqn nhot khOng vd mi,rdn, ret cdn.

RAU BAO

Rau bao, Rau didp dai, Rau b0 c6c,

Rau chu0i, Bd cOng anh mfri m6c

-Lactuca indica L., thuQc h9 Cric

Asterateae.

MO ti: CAy th6o moc d(rng cao tdi

3m, moc hing ndm hay hai nim; th6n

thing, it phdn nhdnh L6 rdt da dang,

cric 16 dudi thu6n, ddi 30cm, r6ng 5-6cm,

gdn nhtt dinh d gdc, kh6ng 6m thdn,

nhgn, c6 rdng to hay chia thiry; c6c 16 6

gif,a vi 6 than v6 phia tr6n ngdn vd h9p

ddn, it c6 r{ng ho{c hoin toin nguy6n,

hinh d6i Cr,rm hoa hinh tldu miu ving,

tAp hgp thirnh chiy, ddi hep hoic phdn

nhrinh nhidu vi r6ng; c6c nh6nh nh6

mang hoa til goc tdi rtgon; cric Li bdc d

ngoii hinh tr6i xoan-tim, ti vd cdc 16

phia trong hinh dAi Qu6 bd den, c6 m6

tring vd 2 canh l6i.

PhAn boi vi sinh thrii: Phdn bo d

nhidu nudc kh6c nhrr An BO, Trung

Rau bao

l Todn cd.y;2 Ld xb thiy d gdc;

3 Ld it tlfin;

4 Nlfinlr lrca;5 Hoa;6.Qun.

QuOc, Nh{t B6n, Philippin, IndOn6xia d nttdc ta, ciy mgc phd bidn tr6n.cdcb6i hoang, ruOng hoang 0 edc tinh phia Bdc, tr} ving nrii den trung du, vdo

ddn cdc tinh Tdy Nguy6n Rau drrc trdng tr6n nddng riy, trong vudn nhi Do

tr6ng trot mi dd tuydn chon duo c gidng rau c6 lii nguy6n vi c6 kich thudc l6nhon 16 crla nhirng cdy moc hoang dai Ngudi ta gieo hat vio mila dOng xu6n

vd driu thu.

209

Chd bidn lim th{c phdm: Nhdn ddn d ving nrli cria nrJdc ta trdng rau

bao lay 16 vd ngon non lim rau luQc, xdo hay ndu canh dd in.

Sr,if dqng lim thudc: Rau bao dudc xem nhtr mQt loai rau bd, girip tiOu

h6a tO't vd loc mdu Cdn ding ndu nudc cho phg n[ dang cho con bd uong tld

th0ng sita; cing dirng tri ly, trn uong khOng ti6u.

Rau bao vi cric dang kh6c c0a bd cOng anh m0i m6c tlrroc dirng lim thudc

chrla mun nhot, dau vri, srlng v0, tdc tia s[a, 6p xe, trdng nhac vd cdc vetthtlong nhiSm tring Cdn dirng udng trong chfla dau d4 ddy, 6n udng khOng

ti6u.

RAU B6P

Rau b6p hay Rau danh - Gnetum

gne,non L var griffilrii (Parl.) Markgr.,

thuQc hq D6y gdm - Gnetoceae.

M6 ti: C6y bui cao 2m, c6 16 moc

aldi, thu6n, thudng c6 m6p ld song song,

nhon 6 ddu, thon hep ddn d gOc, mdu

luc s6ng b6ng 6 m{t trOn Cgm hoa

thddng ngdn, c6 khi ph6n nh6nh, lu6n

Iudn sit nhau Hoa sinh sin k6o ddi tldu

ddu thdnh m6 nhgn sdc Qud gdn hirih

cAu, c6 m[i nhon ngdn, ldm tdm l6ng

nhd nhung.

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: Rau b6p

moc nhidu d rirng Tdy Nguy0n vA

Kh6nh Hba d LAm Ddng, c6 nhidu

Gdm cdy (Gnetum gne,non L.) Cbn 6

Gia Lai, Kon Tum vi D6c Ldc, c6 nhidu

rau b6p, li mQt thrl cria loii G{m cdy.

d Ni, Dilen, ngudi ta cflng 6n 16 vir hqt cira rau b6p, sau khi tld

chin; c6 thd in nhi6u md khong c6 6nh hrrang gi, thudng ding ndu v6i

ho5c ndu canh rau su6ng cflng ngon.

st dtrng lim thudc:'chtra c6 tdi lieu n6i v6 gi6 tri lim thuoc cfia rau b6p Nhrrng nhirng loii gdn gfri vdi rau b6p nhrr ddy g{m hay d6y s6t (Gnetutntnontanum Markgr.), cflng c6 h4t 6n drldc, ta thrldng ding rang 6n (hat Gdm)

vd 16, d6y dirng ldm thudc.

R€ gdm tlrroc dr)ng lim thudc gi6i clQc N6 cdn ld vi thudc tri sot r6t rifng

vd sdt r6t con Trong Y hgc ddn toc, ngrrdi ta thtldng dirng D6y gdm (vdi t6n

Vrrong t6n) ldm thudc bd hrr ydu vdr chCra t6 thdp.

Rau bg, Rau bo nddc, Rau tdn haY C6

bo - Marsilea quad.rifolia L., thuQc hq Rau

bd - Marsileaceae.

M6 ti: Duong xi thfry sinh, c6 thdn

16 bd dudi ttat, chia thinh nhi6u maiu, m6i

mdu mang 16 vi 2 lii c6 cudng ddi L6 c6 4

thiry ch6o chfr thap Bdo ti, qui ld cd quan

sinh sAn, mgc 6 goc cu6ng 16.

PhAn bd vi sinh th6i: Rau bo Phrin

bo 6 chdu ,L, chriu Au vi chriu Mf Latin

d nudc ta, rau bg mgc hoang 6 ruQng nrtlc

nOng, doc bd ao, bd mudng vi c6c noi dm,

ch6 nudc c4n kh6ng ch6.y.

Chd bidn lim thrtc phdm: Ngrrdi

ta h6i rau bo vd lem rau an sdng, xio,

luQc 5n ho{c ndu canh vdi tOm t6p Cfrng

thudng tluoc hrii vd ldm rau cho lgn

Thdnh phdn dinh dudng trong 1009 rau

bg, c6 ntt6c 84,29; protid 4,6g; glucid 1,6g,

vd ciic vitamin: caroten 0,27mg, C 76mg N6 cung cdp cho co thd 25 calo'

211

Rau bo

l Dqng chttng;2 Bdo tit quti;

3 Bdo trl qu.ti ttrb; 4 Bdo ttlt.

sfi dqrag lim thudc: Rau bg c0ng drrgc ding lim thuOc N6 c6 tdc dung

thanh nhiQt, loi ti6u, ti6u surrg, giai aEc, nhu{n gan, sdng mdt, trdn tinh.Ngudi ta hrii 16 c6y vd sao vdng ho6c phoi khO, s6c tr{c uOng l}m thudc m6t,

thOng tidu tiQn, chfia cudc khi, th0y thOng, vi6m gan, dau rdng loi, chfra bach

ddi, khi hu vi chrlng ma't ngu Dtrng trroi, ldy 16 gia n6t, pha th6m nrrdc, l6y

nrrdc cdt udng tri rdn cdn, hodc dirng be tldp l€n v€t thdong, l6n nhfing ch6

sung dau, sung v[, tdc tia sf,a, dp xe cfrng dnng b6i chfra srrng 16 ndi mdn donhi€t Ding 16 trtoi gia nrit pha nrr6c chin udng chfla s6i than, s6i bing quang,

m6i ldn udng 1 brit nudc vdo budi s6ng sdm, lion ti€p trong 5 ngiy, thi s6i san s6 bi tdng ra

RAU CANG CUA

Rau cdng cua - Peperomia

pellucida (L.) Kunth, thuOc ho H6

ti€u - Piperaceae

.

M6 t"i: C6y th6o sdng hang

ndm, mgng nhdt, nhdn, ph6rt

nhdnh, cao 20-40cm L6 moc so le,

c6 cu6hg; phidn 16 hinh tam gi6c

-tr6i xoan, hir*r tim 6 gdc, hoi tir

vd nhon 6 aldu, dang mdng, trong

su0't, dii 1l20mm, vi d phdn gdc

c0ng rQng nhu thd Hoa hgp thdnh

b0ng d4ng soi & ngon vi ddi gA'p

2-3 ldn 16 Qui mong hinh cdu,

tludng kinh 0,5mm, c6 mfri nhon

ngdn vi crlng 6 dlnh

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: Rau

cdng cua gdc 6 Nam Mj Thudng

g4p khSp nudc ta; quanh c6c khu d6n.cr,l, nh6t ld 6 chdn cdc tt/dng dm, vdch

tudng, nhi c6,vdi.

Chd bie'n Drm thrlc phdm: Nh6n d6n ta thudng dirng toin c6y, b6 16lim rau in sdng thom ngon, ctng thudng dilng ndu canh.

Rau cirng cua

l Cdy nnng hm;

2 MOt phdn ctltn h.oa.

Sfi drrng lim thudc: d nrrdc ta, chtra thay dnng lirm thudc d Giaua

(Ind6n6xia), ngudi ta ldy rau cing cua gid ra dirng tl6p tri sdt r6t' dau dAu vd

dfch 16 ding udng tri dau bUng.

R,AU CAN

Rau cdn hay Rau cdn nd6c

Oenantlrc jauan'ica (Blume) DC., thuQc ho

Hoa t6n - Apkrceae.

M6 ti: CdY th6o sO'ng dai, moc nim

hay moc ndi vd drlng lOn, c6 16 dang soi.

Thdn r6ng, c6 tldt vir c6 khia dqc, ddi

30-100cm L6 c6 hinh d4ng rat thay ddi, c6

cudng, nhung cdc 16 gdc vi c6c 16 ngon

giong nhau, chia thiry hinh l6ng chim 1-2

lAn v6i c6c phien hinh m6c hoi c6 dang

trdi xoan hay hinh thoi c6 tldu nhon vi

m6p nhan nheo Cum hoa gdm nhfing t6n

k6p cl6'i dien v6i 16, c6 5-15 nh6nh mang

cdc tdn 16 con, m6i t6n con lai chia 10-20

nh6nh gdn bhng nhau mang nhfrng hoa

miu trdng Qui hinh trq thu0n c6 4 c4nh

phin bd vi sinh thrii: ph6n bd 6 l' Todn 4 Nhi;5 cdv;2' Hoa;3' Nhvy;6 Canh ltoa;Quti.

An Dq, Mianma, Trung Quoc, Nhat B6n,

Ldo, Campuchia, Th6i Lan, Malaixia, Ind6n6xia vi flxtr6ylia d nudc ta, rau

cdn moc hoang d4i 6 noi dmdot vi thudng drroc trdng lhm rau 6n'

Chd bidn lirm th{c phdm: Ngudi ta aa UiAt thdnh phdn dinh drrdng

cfra rau cdn tinh theo gvo: protid 1,0, glucid 1,5, cellulose 1,5 vi theo mgvo:calcium 310, phosphor 64, sdt 3, p-caroten 2O45, vitamin Br 0,04 vi vitamin

C 6 C6 thd an song, luQc 5n ho{c chd bidn thinh nhirng thrlc 6n kh6c NOnchon thrir non, dot dei, 16 xanh nh4t, cudng tr6ng, kh6ng qua xdp md lai mQp,quanh clot kh6ng c6 16 hoec chi c6 it re trdng c6 thd dirng xio ng6t vdi c6c

l,oai c6 bidn Cri dA ldm sach v?r trdp k9i, drroc dem ndu trong xoong' khi gdn

2r3

chin, ngudi ta mdi cho hdnh, cd chua vd rao can vdo cho s6i vii dao An chamvdi nudc mdm nguyOn chd't.

- Rau cAn xio thit bd nac: thit bd tla xdt r6t m6ng vd trdp gia vi, b6t ngot drrgc dem xdo md, sau d6 b6 rau cdn, hinh 16 vd cd chua vdo xio vila chin.

Dtng 5n vdi nudc trrong.

- Rau cdn xdo hrl ti€u: Xio ldng Ion (gan, tim, cAt, phdo), rdi gia themrau cdn, hinh L4, giri, he; hir tidu xdo ri€ng, sau d6 tron vdi thit Dirng chdm

vdi nudc trrdng, pha giam vd trrong dt.

cOng cdn ch( f ld kh6ng n6n xio chin rau can mi chi n6n xdo t6i 6n

mdi gidn ngon (cAn trii, cdi nht) Rau cdn cdn ding muoi xdi en, mudi dua

chua chon thf rau brinh t6 c6 th6n cdy crlng hon, mdu n6u tim, dot hdi ng6n,

Ll dam Rau cdn muoi xdi vdi mudi, drrdng dn gidn, vi hoi m6n, chua.

Sfi dqng lim thudc: Toan c6y vd 16 rau cdn drroc ding lim thuoc vdit6n Thriy cdn' N6 c6 vi ngot, tinh binh, c6 t6c dung thanh nhiQt roi niQu, gi6idOc ti6u thtng, chi huyet, gidng huydt 6p Duoc dirng tri vi6m da diy mantinh, ddy bung kh6ng tiOu, ttdi ra albumin, dtng ngodi tri bdm tim sung dau,huydt hrr phong dOc.

Tric gi6 LO Trdn Efc c6 n6u vdi don thu6'c sfi dung rau cd.n:

- chfra tr6 em thd ta: Dirng rau cdn thrii nh6, sdc 40 phit cho uong.

- chfia tl6i ra mdu vd d6i budt: Ding rau cdn c6 16 gid vdt ldy ntldc c0't u6'ng cirng nhi6u cdng tdt

RAU cAN TAY

Rau cAn tdy - Apiutn graueolens L., thuQc ho Hoa t6n - Apiaceae.

M6 tri: Cdy song 1-2 ndm, c6 th6n moc drlng cao khoing 1m, c6 rdnh

doc L6 c6 gdc c6 cudng, x6 ba thty hinh tam gi6c, c6c Li 6 gitra vd 16 d ngon

kh6ng cuO'ng, c0ng chia ba thDy, x6 ba, ho{c kh6ng chia thiy Hoa trdng hayxanh luc.

Ph6n bd vi sinh th6i: Rau can t6y vdn ld m6t loii c6y hoang dai 6 c6cch6 dm rrdt md ong thddng d6n hrit mdt hoa, do tl6 md c6 t6n t<troa trgc nrritr6n (ttr chrl Apis, con ong).

Chd bien lirm thrfc phdm: Ngrrdi

ta bdt <lAu tr6ng Rau cAn tAy ttr thd ki

16 vA chon loc ddn dd c6 rau cAn tAy

ngav nay (Apiutn graueol,ens L var.

dulce DC.) Rau cAn tAy trdng cfrng giir

rlucrc phAn ldn cdc tinh ch{t cfra loii td

tiOn moc hoang dai, nhrrng khOng c6 vi

chdt vi n6ng Ngudi ta trdng rau cAn

tAy' chu y6u lim rau 5n, cle xdo vdi thft

bd, nAl canh c6, thit c6 mii vi thom

ngon.

Nguoi ta da bi6l cric thdnh phdn

cua rau cAn tAy tinh theo g1o' protid 3,7,

glucid 8,1, cellulose 1,5 vi theo mgTo:

calcium 325, phosphor 128, sdt g,O,

natrium 90, kalium 326, []-caroten 5000,

vitamin Br 0,06 vi vitamin C 150 Cdn

c6 tinh dAu (anhydrit sedanonic),

cholin, tyrosin, acid glutamic

phr.rong TAy da bidt ding rau cAn tAy

crich clAy 15 thd ky Hippocrate, ngudi cha cria n6n Y hoc, de n6i vd t6c dqrngchta bQnh roi loan thAn kinh crja rau cAn tAy Rau cdn tdy c6 cdc tinh chdt:

loc mdu, rlidu hda huyet, ldm gAy bdt di, khai vi, bd thdn kinh vi bd chung, cung cap chat khodng, chong hoai huydt, loi ti6u h6a, kich thich tuydn thrrong

than, gidi nhiQt, tri ly, loi tidu, didu khi vd dAn mAt, chdng thdp khdp vikheing khuAn N6 cdn ldm lidn seo.

Rau cAn tAy tlr.roc chi dinh di.rng uong trong dd chira suy nhttoc co thd do

lim vidc qud sfc, de drrOng srlc, tri suy thtrong thdn, dn mdt ngon, ti6u h6a chAm, trang th6i thAn kinh d6 kich thich, rrat khodng chat (ho lao), tring

nhac, stl bat luc, s6't girin c6ch, thap khdp, thong phong, s6i niQu d4o, soi

than, benh vd phdi, tlau gan man.tinh, ving da, chrlng b6o phi, thira m6u.Dirng ngoii tri vet thuong, mun nhot, ung thrr, nrrt n6.

C6 thd dirng In song nhu rau xi ltich, ding trong xio n{u, ndu chin (rat

de tieu h6a), ding dfch cua cdc nhdnh cdy (chtra thap khdp vd s6't gi6n c6ch)

diing ntrdc hdm hodc nrldc sdc 16 Ding dich rau cAn tAy trOn vdi dich ci rot

Rau cdn tAy

l Phiilt dudi ctia cdy;

2 Ngort cdy nnrtg lna;

3 Cunt lrca tdn tzAp; a Qtua

2t5

vd dich ci chua lim chdt kich thich tdng qu6t Rau cdn tdy girlp lim chongudi gly b6t rti bing c6ch nhai thudng xuyOn vii cong gifra cdc brla an.

I

Ding ngoii, c6 thd ldy dich cria 16 lim nddc stic miQng hay {ldp tr6n vdtthddng, mqn nhot, ung thrr hodc thudc sric miQng hay rrla miQng, dd tri cdcvdt thrrong o miQng, vi0m hong, khin tidng Nrr6c s{c thAn hay cir dirng 4gAm chAn chfla ntrt n6 c6 kOt qud tot (ding 2509 trong 1 lit nrrdc dun sOi trong 1

gid).

Ngod.i ra, nr.tdc sd.c rau cdn tAy lai c6 t6c dung lim nrJ6c g6i tldu tli! gifr

da ddu (g6i hic ntldc cdn am, gQi nhi6u ldn vi chii ddu cdn thdn sau khi rrta).Th€m vdo nrldc sdc tr6n mQt 16 Nguu bing cing tot.

d T.r.rg Qudc, ngudi ta ding Rau cdn tdy ldm thuOc vdi tOn Cdn th6i Bg

ph{n dirng li 16 vi th6n Chring c6 vi ngot, hoi cay, tinh m6t ThAn c6 tdc

dgng gi6ng 6p loi ni6u, lrrong huydt chi huydt, duoc ding tri cao huydt ap R6

c6 t6c dung ti can thanh phe, thodi nhi6t trir phidn; drrgc dr)ng tri viOm khiquin, ho do phong hdn.

RAU CAN TRdI

Rau cAn trdi, Rau cdn tr6i hay Quyet

g4c nai, Rdng g?c nai - Ceratopteis

tlralictroides (L.) Brongn., thuQc ho Rau

cdn trdi - Parleerioceae.

M6 hi: Rau cdn trdi ld mQt lodi

Dtrong xi c6 thdn 16 mgc dfng L6 moc

thdnh t0m; cudng 16 ddy, mgng nudc, trdn,

xdp; phi6h khOng sinh sin ndi hay dtrng

drX'ng chi hoi khia 6 cdy cdn non, x6 l6ng

chim sdu hai ldn I cdy- ttd trddng thdnh,

trOng nhu li rau cdn; 16 ch6t b6c nhdt moc

so le, c6 cu0'ng, c6c doan cudi cirng hinh

thu6n, d4ng ngon gi6o, gdn hinh mang;

phien sinh sdn c6 c6c doqn co lai hinh ddi

vdi mQt vii gAn doc, m6p cong lai tr6n c6c

d trii

Phlin bd vi sinh th:ii: Rau cAn trdi

Rau cdn trdi

L Dang chrutg;2 Phidn ld d,ittlt

dudng;3 Pltidn ld sinlr srirt.

ld mOt lodi cAy nhiQt dd'i 6 nuOc ta, thudng g{p mgc nhiOu 6 c6c ao hd, ruQng

chua, noi ddt bin doc bd su6'i, renh, r4ch Sinh sdn tit thdng 6 ilen th6ng 8.Chd bidn lirm th{c phdm: Cric nrrdc virng Vi6n cldng tt6u ding c6c 16

non lim rau 6n nhu cdc l.o4i rau cii, dirng xdo hay luQc 6n nhtr mlng t6y.Sfi dqng tim thudc: d T.rttg Qudc, rau cdn trdi c6 {pn ld Th0y quyet

c6 vi ngot, nhat, tinh m6.t c6 tzlt dung hoat huyet gi6i d6c, cdm m6u, giim

dau DrJoc dnng dd trf thai dQc, ddm tich, ly, bung brlng vd ddn ngd tdnthuong Lidu ding 15-309, sdc nrJdc udng Thrrdng phdi hop vdi c6c v! thuoc

khric Dirng ngoii gi6 ttdp, khOng kd lidu lrrgng.

d M.l.i*i*, ngtldi ta dirng rau cdn trdi dd ddp tri cric b6nh 6 ngoii da.

RAU C6C

Rau c6c, Chan cua bd c6c, C6i tldng

-Grangea mo.deraspatana (L.) Poir., thuQc ho

ClJ'c - Asteraceo.e.

M6 ti: C6 sdng hing ndm, phAn cdnh til

goc vd t6a ra sdt m4t ddt; cinh c6 rdnh L6

moc so le , gdn hinh bdu duc, ttduJrttir, goc

thuOn, c6 2-5 tl6i thny ldng chim, hai mdt ki

tldu c6 l6ng dAi, trdng Cgm hoa ddu d nggn

hodc o n6ch 16, s6t cqm hoa c6 mQt L{ bien

dang, ldn hon c6c Li bdc cfia tdng bao L6 bdc

2-3 hdng, c6 l6ng Trong tldu hoa, c6 hoa crii vA

hoa ludng tinh, c6 trdng hoa mdu ving nh4t

Qud bd hoi dgt, c6 3 canh.

Phin bd vi sinh thrii: Phdn bo 6 An

DQ, Mianma, Trung Qudc, Lrio,'Campuchia,

ViQt Nam, Th6i Lan vi Intl0n6xia d nrr6c ta

c6y moc phd bien tir Bdc vdo Nam Thudng gErp

6 bd muong, ruQng dm sau khi get, ruQng b6

hoang, ven rilng

Rau c6c

l Todn cdy;2 Hoo luing tinh;

3 Hoa cdi.

21t

Chd bidn lim th{c phdm: Ngon vd thAn non chdn qua nrJdc sdi, xiohodc niiu canh dn Ngrtdi ta de bidt trong cdy c6 cdc thdnh phrin tinh theo gVo' n(l6c 89,9, protid 3,2, glucid 1,6, xo 3,3, tro 2,1, cdn theo mgTo: caroten 2,6, vitamin C 60.

St dqng lim thudc: Cdnh, 16 cfrng dirng ldm thudc loi ti6u h6a, tri ho

sau khi sinh d6 vi di6u hba kinh nguyCt Ddn gian cbn dr)ng ldm thuoc chfla

bQnh tri vi ho n6ng ttd chudm ldm thuoc sdt tring vd diu dau.

RAU CUC SOA

Rau cric sr1a, NhO cfc rau, Didp dai, Tuc

doan rau - Soncltus oleraceus L., thuQc ho Crlc

- Astera.ceae.

M6 ti: C6y thAo moc hing nim, c5 thdn

r6ng, thEng, nhin, cao 30cm tdi 100cm hay

hon L6 moc so le, xe tua, vdi cdc thiry c6

rdng, thiry cudi cirng hinh tam gi6c, c6 tai

rQng, tqn cirng thdnh m[i Cum hoa ddu miu

ving, dang trfng, thinh ngi hay thdnh t6n;

16 bdc nhi6u, xdp nhidu ddy, Iop l6n nhau,

hinh tam gi6c hay hinh d6i Qui bd hep, c6

mio l6ng rdt mdm xep thdnh nhidu day.

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: Phdn bd 6 An

DQ, Trung Qu6'c, ViQt Nam, Ldo, Th6i Lan,

Intldn€xia O nrrdc ta, rau cric sila thudng g{p

moc 6 ving lanh tir Lai chdu, Ldo cai, son

La, Hd Giang, Cao Bhng, Lang Son thudng

gip nhidu 6 cdc tinh T6y NguyOn; moc nhidu

ci dat hoang Dd Lat

ChO'Uidn lim thrtc phdm: L6 vd ngon

non lirm rau in cltroc, nhung ngrldi ta thr/dng ding rau niy nu6i th6 OInd0n6xia vd Philippin, ngudi ta c0ng thudng ding cdc chdi non dd en nhu en

rau xd ldch Trong cdc chdi non niy, c6 2,4Vo hydrat carbon, l,2Vo protein,0,3Vc chdt b6o vd L,2Vo tro; n6 gidu vitamin C.

Rau cfc sia

l Ngon cdy nwng ltoa;

2 Hoa;3 Quti.

St? dgng lim thudc: Dfch s[a cua cAy chfia 0,41c/c chdt cao su nguyOn,

md khi kh6 tao thdnh chat gom miu triing vdi lidu 75-259, s6 tao thdnh mQtloai thu6'c xd c6 hiQu luc, m6t loai thuoc tAy tric dQng l6n ruQt vd lon su bii tidt mat vi tao ra nhitng khoi phAn long nhidu, do d6 n6 trd thinh c6 ichtrong viQc tri b6nh phi thirng, cd trudng, trin dich mAng phoi v.v N6 t4o

n6n nhfing cdn dau bung vi buot m6t, do c16 cdn ph6'i hop vdi c6c chdt kichthich thom, v6i H6i, vdi carbonat magnesium.

Dd clnng lim thudc, ngudi ta thudng srr dung thAn cAy, thu hdi quanh

nam, th6i nh6 ding tdoi hay phoi kh6 Rau c(c srta c6 vi ddng, tinh m6t, hoic6 dQc, c6 t6c dung kh6ng vi6m loc m6u, cAm m6u Dugc chi tlinh dirng tlidu

tri: 1 Vi0m rudt, ly; 2 BQnh dlau gan, xo gan; 3 RuQt thUa, vi6m vrl; 4 Vi0mhdu, vi6m miQng, vi6m hanh nhAn; 5 NOn ra mdu til da ddy, chAy m6u cam,

ho ra m6u, xudt huydt tir cung Ding 15-309 dang thu6'c sdc.

Ding ngod.i tri nhgt dinh vir viOm da, vi6m tai gi0a Nghidn cAy tuoi dd

dirng ngoiri hoic trich dich tld ding nhrr thuoc nh6 tai

d T.rrrg Quoc, ngrldi ta sfr dqng mQt so don thudc dd chfra:

- Xo gan: Rau c0c s0a 30g; Rau chua me 30g xio vdi thit lon nac Dirng

dn nhu th(c dn.

- Vi6m v(r, nhot dinh vd vi6m da: Rau c0c sita tuoi 15-309 sdc nrldc uong.D6ng thdi gi6 cdy ttroi ddp IOn vdt thuong.

RAU DON CANH

Rau ddn canh, Rau ddn tia, Rau ddn d6 - Anruranthus tricolor L., thuQc

ho Rau ddn - Amarantlmceae.

M6 tri: Cdy th6o moc thlng cao lm hay hon, x6 rdnh L6 hinh thoi hayhinh nggn gi6o, thon hgp d g6'c, nhon ti, ddi 3,5-12cm rQng 2,5-10mm Hoathinh ngu o n6ch 16, hinh cdu, c6c hoa 6 phia tren sit nhau hon vdr tQn cung

thAn hay cinh bing mQt b6ng gan nhrr lien tuc, kh6ng c6 16 mi c6 cdc 16 bdc

vi t6 dii lrim ch&m QuA hinh trii, nhin, hinh trrrng - n6n, dii 2mm, c6 cdcvdi nhuy d phia trOn ddi 1mm, quA md bhng mOt khe ngang Hat hinh l6ngkinh lmm, mdu den.

Phin b6- vi sinh thrii: Rau r16n canh c6 ngudn edc 6 An DQ, tl6 clrrgc2r9

thuAn h6a d nhidu nrrdc d nt/dc ta,

rau ddn canh ctng duoc trdng d nhidu

noi Do trdng trot mA c6 nhidu thrl

tiy theo dang ciy, mAu sdc cfra ld.

Ngddi ta tr6ng rau ddn canh lirm rau

dn luOc, xio hay ndu canh, vi thdn

cfra chting khi cdn non mdm vd mong

nudc Ngudi ta d6 biet thinh phdn

dinh drrOng cfra Rau d6n tinh theo g!o:

protid 3,3, lipid 0,3, glucid G,Z,

cellulose 1,6 vd theo mgVo: calcium

288, phosphor 123, sdi, 5,4, natrium

56, kalium 476, B- caroten '4080,

vitamin 81 0,08 vA vitamin C 89 Hat

rau ddn c6 giri tri dinh dttdng cao, n6

chrita tdi 62Vo tin}r, bQt vi 6Vo chdt b6o.

d Crb., c6 loai rau ddn d6 md hat c6

vi nhu hat h6 dio, ding dd lam b6nh

hodc cho th6m vdo bQt mi dd c6i thiQn ch6't luong bdnh; 16 cria chring chrlanhidu vitamin A, c, Bz, Pi 16 vi hat chrla him h-rong protid rdt cao, tdi 16- LBvo, Lrong d6 c6 acid amin quan trong li lysin cria n6 cao horl & ngO (bdp)

gdp 3-3,5 ld.n, hon bot mi 2-2,5 ldn Hat c(ra rau ddn niy li loai lrrong thrrc c6

gi6 tri hon hia mi, ng6, hia vd d6u tuong.

Srft dBng lim thudc: Rau ddn canh c6 vi ngot, tinh mdt, c6 t6c dung loittai tidu tiQn, s6t tring, trf noc ong, noc rdn rdt, di rrng mdn ngrla Ndu rauddn canh vdi nrrdc hdn thi di ti€u ngay LuQc dn, u6ng cd nrrdc thi kh6i kidtly

Khi bi sdn 5n mit, ding rau ddn tl6 gia ddp ngoii

Hqt Rau ddn c6 vi ngot, tinh lqnh, c6 t6c dung ldm m6t gan, dr)ng trUphong nhiQt, mXt c6 m6ng tring, mdt md, c6 hoa den, ding 10g hat t6n bQt

udng vdi nrr6c s6c hat Mudng ngu (?hflo quydt minh) 12g ldm thang Hat rau

ddn c6 ich'cho khi lrrc, udng l6u thi khOng d6i N6 cdn c6 tdc dgng th6ng daitidu tiQn (dnng 20g hat sdc u6'ng) vi cbn c6 t6c dung tril giun d0a.

Nudc sdc rE rau ddn canh phdi hop v6i nu6c sdc 16 bi ngO dtng udng tldngin eh{n xuat hlydt giy nOn do sdy thai

Rau d6n canh

l Nggn c6.y ntang lna;

2 Hoa dqtc;3 Hoa cd.i.

thinh cum hoa d4ng aldu 6 nrich c6c 16 vd dqng bOng ddi 6 alAu cinh Qud

aang nh6 chrla nhi6u h4t den b6ng.

Phnn bd vi sinh th6i: Rau ddn com s4p phd bidn 6 An DO, mi6n NamTrung Qudc, ViQt Nam, Lio, Campuchia, Intl0n6xia d ntrdc ta, Rau ddn com moc hoang ho{c drrrqc tr6ng d cdc vrJdn, ciic nrrong rdy c0.

Chd bidn lirm thrlc phdm: Rau ddn cdm cfrng lir m6n rau th6ng thudng

d gia dinh nOng thdn Ngon non rila sach, lu6c hodc ndu canh vdi tOm, c6ho{c mdm tOm, mi chinh C6 thd chdn qua nddc sOi, r6i xao vdi md, m6m, michinh Nhidu noi ding cho phu ntr m6i sinh 6n cho linh da.

Trong 1009 Rau ddn com c6 84,69 nnfc; 3,49 protid, 1,4g glucid, 1,69cellulose, 63mg vitamin C, 10,6mg vitamin 81, 1,3q9 vitamin PP (Tni liQu

c0a Cqc qudn nhu, 1971).

Rau d6n com cfing ld lo4i thritc dn tot cho ldn.

Srl dqng lim thudc: d Ttrt g Qu0'c todn cAy iluoc ding vdi tdn Ao dduhien hay Dd hiQn ldm thudc thu li6m vi loi niQu; hat drrgc ding lim thu6'cthanh can minh muc.

22L

ddi, 5 nhi QuA hach nhm trong tfi do L{

dii ddng trUring tao thinh; hat den, nhin

b6ne.

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: Lodi ndy

phAn bo d Vigt Nam, Trung Qudc, Lrio vd

Campuchia CAy moc phd bien tir B{c vAo

Nam.

Thudng gap moc rdi r6c d ru6ng

hoang, nrldng rdy vi ven dudng di Ra hoa

tr) thring 5 den th6ng 7.

Chd bidn lim thr/c phdm: Ngon

non vi ld non duoc dirng lim rau dn cho

ngfdi vi gia sric Nhdt cric nhdnh rau tddi,

rila sach, luOc, xdo hoic nau canh N6n ndu

vila chin tdi thi en ngon, neu ndu kf rau c6

vi n6ng.

Ngrrdi ta de bi€l trong rau ddn gai c6

97,7Vc lrrtdc,3,67c protid, l,3Vc glucid, 1,8?o

xd, l,6Vo tro; cbn c6 8,8Vo B-caroten vi

46mg7o vitamin C.

Srr? dBng lirm thudc: Todn ciiy, 16 vi thAn 16 drrgc ding ldm thuoc

thanh nhi6t lgi thdp, giai dQc ti6u thfrng, lrrong huydt chi huyet Thrrdng clungtri ly, vi6m ruQt, vi6m lo6t da diy hdnh te trang, ld tri xudt huydt Dirng

ngodi tri rdn dQc cdn, ngfia ng6y ngoii da vi mun nhot c6 m0.

RAU DiN XAI{H

Rau d6n xanh, Ddn trdng, Ddn cdm - Amarantlurs uirid,is L., thuQc ho Rau ddn - Antarantltaceae.

M6 ti: C6 cao ddn 80cm, moc thlng hay nhm, th6n to dein bmm, khdngl6ng Phidn 16 hinh xoan thudn, c6 khi hinh brtnh bd, dai B-6cm, rOng l,S-3cm, ddu tir c6 khi hoi l6m, khOng lOng, cudng dAi tldn 10cm Chiry hoa 6

Rau d6n gai

1 Ngon cdy nrung hoa; 2 I lott

3 Lti bdc;4 Quci.

nggn hay bOng 6 n6ch Li Hoa c6 3 16

dai, 3 nhi vi 2-3 cldu nhgY Quri be

nhdn, ddi hon phidn hoa; hat 1, hinh

thdu kinh, miu ndu den, b6ng lo6ng.

Phnn bd vi sinh th6i: Phdn bo 6

Trung Qudc, ViQt Nam, Lio, CamPuchia

vd nhidu nudc nhiQt ddi kh6c.

d nrrd'c ta ciy mgc d4i tr6n ddt

hoang vd dgc dudng tli, tir ving ddng

bdng l€n tdi dQ cao 1000m.

ChC' bi6n lim thr/c Phdm: L6

dirng ndu canh, luQc dn holc xdo nhrl cdc

loai rau ddn Din gian khOng 6n rau

ddn com vdi ti61 canh (lgn, vit), vi d6 bi

th6o da, tli ia chiy

Sfi drrng lim thudc, d T.ut g

Qudc, ngUdi ta ggi rau ddn xanh li Trr,tc

qud hiQn, Luc hiQn ldm thudc xem nhd

c6 vi nggt, nhat, hoi lanh, c6 t6c dung

thanh nhiQt giii dQc, lgi nieu chi th6'ng dirng trf ly do vi khuA'n, n6n ruQt,vi€m tuydn sfra, 16 trr vi stlng dau.

L Ngon cdnlt nrong lrca;

2 Hoa d1a;3 Hoa cdi.

<i cdc bii song, ven tludng di, bd

ruQng dm khdp noi

Chd bidn lim thdc phdm:

Ngudi ta hdi cdc nggn non vd lim

rau luOc trn hay ndu canh in, Trong

1009 Rau d6u, c6 89,39 ntrdc; 4,5g

protid; 1,9g glucid; 2,1g cellulose;

2,2e khodng toin phAn; 98mg

calcium; 22mg phosphor; 1,2mg sdt;

5,1mg caroten vd 77,7mg vitamin C

(Tni liQu cria Cuc qudn nhu, 1971).

Srfr dgng lirm thudc: Rau dQu

c0ng drtoc sfi dung lim thudc Ngudi

ta dirng toin ciy, thu htii vio mia

h4, mta thu, dirng tUdi hoec phdi

kh6 Rau d6u c6 vi ngot nhat, tinh

mdt, c6 tdc dung chdng vi6m, loc

m6u, loi tidu, tiOu stlng, chdng ngrla.

Thudng drroc chi dinh ding trong

c6c trUdng hop:

1 B€nh dudng hO hdp vd khrii huydt, viOm hdu; 2 Chiy m6u cam; B.

Dau ruQt thita cdp, kidt ly; 4 BQnh dudng tiet niQu, gi6m niOu.

C0ng ding dd chfra ndi hach, trirng nhac, hOt xoii 6 ben (u6'ng trong,cldp ngodi) Dtng ngodi, didu tri vi€m da, vi6m mri da, vi€m v6, 16 chim, mdn ngrla, eczema, nam ngodi da Li6u dtrng 15-309 dang thuoc sdc ho{c ding 60-l20g c6,y trfdi dam ldy dich dtng udng, holc gid ddp ngoii; c6 thd dun nrldctdm rfia

.

O Trr.rg Qudc, ngudi ta sfi dung mQt don thudc ch0a vi€m ruQt thUa cdp:Rau dQu trroi, Hodng li6n 0 16, Vuong thdi tO m6i vi 30g, Bach ddn d6 15g,cing sdc uO'ng.

Rau d6u

l Ngon cd,ttlt nnng hoa;2 Hoa.

Rau didp

Asterareae.

RAU DIfP

Lo.ctuca satiuq L var longifolia Lam., thuQc ho Cric

Md ti: Cdy th6o, song 1-2 ndm c6 thdn thing hinh tru Ld mgc ngay ttg6'c thdn, cing lOn cdng nh6 ddn; 16 6 g6c c6 cudng, cdn 16 6 than kh6ng c6

cuong vi gdc 16 c6 hai tai 6m ldy thAn Cum hoa g6m nhidu tldu hop l4i thdnhchiry k6p; m6i tldu c6 L5-20 hoa d4ng luoi nh6 miu vdng Qui bd, hinh trdixoan dep, mdu n6u, c6 mdo l6ng trdng

PhAn bd vi sinh th6i: Rau didp gdc d chAu Au, drrgc nh{p vdo trdng d

nu6c ta cuoi thd kf 19 c6c tinh phia B6c :Ilrdc ta c6 mr)a d6ng kh6 lanh thichhop vdi viQc trdng xd l6ch vi diep nhung didp chiu n6ng kh6 hon, c6 thdtr6ng sdm vd mu6n dugc Ngrrdi ta thudng trdng xen chring vdi bdp c6i, su hdo.

Chd bi6n lim thrlc phdm: Rau diep duoc trdng kh6p noi chri yeu ildldy 16 Inm rau dn; c6 thO dn sdng trQn dAu gidm, cu6'n diep (dirng ch6o ld mQt

thf tr.rong pha lin lac rang gi6 nh6, mdm t6m, dudng vi gia vi kh6c, d{t tr0n

Li clidp, rdi cuQn lai, cho th6m midng thit ba chi, mieing trrlng chi6n rdi dirng

ld t6i de nh(rng mdm cuQn vbng lai 6 b6n ngodi) ding 5n cham vdi nrj6c mdm,

mdm nroi, nhdt li vio dip Tet Nguyen tl6n.

Sfl dqng lirn thudc: Rau didp cfing duoc sir dung nhrr xi l6ch ldm

thuoc Theo Y hoc cd truydn, n6 c6 vi ddng, tinh lanh, bd gdn cdt, lgi cho t4ngphri, thdng kinh mach, lgi khi, lim thom miQng, s6ng mdt, d6 ng0.

- Sta kh6ng thOng, dnng 1009 rau didp, alem s{c nrrdc, chd th6m mQt

RAU DriP oiNc Ntjr

Rau didp d{ng nfi, Rau ddng, Kim

anh Trung Qudc - Ixeris chinen.sis

(Thunb.) Nakai, thuQc h9 Cric

Asteraceae.

_ M6 ti: C6y thio cao 10-40cm,

kh6ng l6ng, c6 nhrra mfi lr:6ing L6 &

thAn x6 l0ng chim, tr6n cu6ng c6 cdnh,

dii 7-15cm, rQng l-2cm, c6c ld phia

tr€n thon hep dii, kh6ng l6ng, kh6ng

cudng Cum hoa & ngon nhdnh; cdc hoa

ddu trOn cudng dAi; bao chung dei

6-7mm, c6 16 b{c xep mQt hing Trong

ddu hoa, chi c6 mQt loai hoa hinh mOi

mdu ving Qui bd c6 m6 dii, mang mio

l6ng miu tr{ng

Phen bd vi sinh thrii: Cdy moc d

cdc bd ruQng, ven sudi ddt dm, d dQ cao

300-1800m, phd bic'n d nhidu tlnh phia

Bdc: Lai Chiu, Lio Cai, Son La, Hd

Giang, Cao Biing, Lqng Son, Hda Binh Cbn g{p a &, OO, Trung euO'c, Nh6tB6n, Liro.

chd bidn lirm thrfe phdn: d T.ung eudc, til inai r,y rhdi TrAn (thc ki

16) da nou loqi rau nly v6i ton Khd th6i c6 nghia li rau d{ng, ngdy nayngudi ta ggi n6 le Khd mqi th6i, son khd mai R6 non vi 16 c6 thd dtng luQc

6n hay xio trn C0ng drro c ding lim thrirc trn cho gia s6c.

Sn? dgng lirm thudc: Rau nAy c6 vi tldng, tinh mdt, c6 t6c dgng thanhnhiQt gi6i dQc, luong huydt chi huy6t, ti0u thfrng chl thdng, hoat huyet sinh

cd, dugc ding td mun nhot ch6y nu6c ving, mun nhot & ruQt, ia ch6y, ly, d6i

ra m6u, cdc lo4i mun nhot, mdn ngia, dbn ng6 tdn thuong vi g6y xt dng C6thd dirng in, ndu nudc udng vi dtng ngoii gi6 ttdp vdi li6u ludn; thich hop.

' Rau didp tl{ng nfi

l Todn cdy;2 Hoa;3 Qun.

RAU DdN

Rau ddn - Diplazium esculentum

(Retz.) Sw lCallipteris esculenta

(Retz.) J Sm.l, thu6c ho Rau ddn

-Atlryriaceae.

M6 t6: Duong xi c6 than 16

nghi6ng, hudng l6n, cao t6i lScm

thudng bao phri vdy ngdn miu hung.

Cu6ng 16 dei 60-100cm, diy, miu virng

lot ho{c ndu den vi phri vA'y 6 gO'c;

phidn 16 thay ddi tiy theo rudi cia

c6y, nhung c6 th6 dei t6i 1,5m; c6c 16

hJoc non k6p l6ng chim mQt lAn, cric 16

lrroc giir k6p l0ng chim hai ldn; cric 16

ch6t bAc nhdt 6 dddi va 6 tr6n ddu

chia thiy l6ng chim ddi khoring

8-10cm, rOng 2cm1, cdc Li ch6t d gida ldn

hon, c6 cu6'ng, thu6n hinh tam gi6c;

cric 16 ch6t bAc hai gdm 8-10 crii m6i

b6n, khOng cudng, thu6n hinh ngon

gi6o; gdn li6n ket hinh lOng chim vdi 6-10 g6n con m6i b€n trong c6c thny d

trii bdo t(, dai, m6ng, nim tr6n cdc gdn con Bdo tfr hinh th6n

Phin bd vi sinh thii: Rau ddn gdc 6 An DO, ph6n rQng khdp c6 ch6u

A vi qudn tlio Polin€di nhiOt ddi d nrr6c ta, rau ddn *o prrd bidn noi dm rrdt d binh nguy6n, 6 ch6n tldi nfi, c6c tring vd ven rilng dm 6 nhidu ndi cay

ra't da dang.

chc"bidn lim thtfc phdm: d c6c nrrdc c6 rau ddn moc, c0ng nhu d c6c

nudc Dong Drrong, ngudi ta atdu bidt srl dr,rng c6y niy lim rdu.trn cdc 16 non

d&ng dn nhu Meng hiy, luOc dn chd'm nu6c mdrh, n6u canh ihit, honc ding 6n

s6'ng.

Rau ddn khOng c6 gi6 tri dinh dr-rdng cao O [n Dq, ngudi ta d6 phdn

tich thinh phdn h6a hoc cria rau ddn; n6 chfa g6?9 rut6c;4vo c6c chdt albumin

vd 87o hydrat carbon gdm chrl yeu ld cellulose.

Rau ddn Dang chung ctia cd.y.

227

Sfi dlpg lim thudc: d nrrdc ta, chtra c6 tdi li6u n6i vd viQc s(r dung rau

ddn lim thuoc cdn d Malaixia, ngudi ta thrrdng sdc nudc cho phu n[ sau khisinh d6 udng.

RAU DTTA NTJdC

Rau dila nddc hay Rau drla

Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara

(Jussioeo repen.s L.), thuQc h9 Rau dita

ml6c - Onagrdceae.

M6 ti: Cdy thio moc bb, c6 phdn

moc ndi trOn mdt nrJdc nhd c6c phao

xdp mati trdng ThAn mdm, xdp, c6 rd 6

clc mdu Lri hinh bdu dr,rc, moc so le.

Hoa trdng c6 cuong ddi, mgc 6 n6ch 16.

Qu6 nang hinh try dii, chtla nhidu h4t

PhAn bd vi sinh thrii: Rau dUa

nudc moc hoang khdp noi, 6 ruQng nudc,

ao dAm, c6c mrrong rach, mgc ndi trCn

mdt nrr6c ho{c bd tr6n m{t bin

Chd bidn lirm thr/c phdm: Rau

dila nrr6c ding 5n luQc hay ndu canh;

ngrrdi ta thfdng h6i c6c ngon non lim

rau gh6m in sdng, chdm vdi nrldc mdm

kho Toin ciy cfrng dtrgc ding ldm rau

nu6i lgn NgUdi ta de bidt trong 1009 dila nu6c trloi, c6 2,629 ptotid; 4,5g

glucid; 5,5g xo; 1,2g tro; 152mg calcium; 2,5mg phosphor; 0,7mg sdt; 0,26mg

caroten; 52mg vitamin C Trong th6n vd 16 ddu c6 flavon vi tanin' Nhrr v$y,

rau dUa ntldc c6 gi6 tri dinh dudng kh6 cao tuong tlrrong vdi rau muong vi caohon bdo cdi vi doc 16 khoai nrrdc.

Sr& dqng lim thudc: Rau dUa nrr6c il6 tlrrgc srl dgng lim thudc tU liu

rldi TuQ finh dd ggi n6 li Du long th6i Rau dila nrrdc c6 vi nggt nhat, tinhmdt, c6 t6c dung gi6i nhiQt loi tidu, gi6i tlOc khdng viOm, chdng sung, lim

m6t m6u Thrrdng duoc ding chfla: 1 Sd m0i, sdt, ho khan; 2 BQnh sdi; 3 D6i

Rau dia nrrdc

l N{gn cdy ntang lroa;2 Qui.

tluc, phir thtng; 4 Gidm niQu Ding ngodi chfia ung nhgt, 6p xe vri, vi6m

tuy€h mang tai, bQnh zor.a, eczema, vi6m da, vet rdn cdn Lidu dirng uong

dang thudc sdc 15-259 Dr)ng ngodi, ldy cdy trtoi giA tldp hodc sao n6ng cld

oap.

- Chrra cdm sdt, ho khan, d6i s6n, ddi ddt, nddc tidu vdng d6: Dtrng 30g

rau dila nrrdc uong.

- Chf,a t16i ra dtrdng trdp, viOm cdu thQn cdp vd cdc loai ddi tluc: ding

ri6ng rau dita nudc 30-409, ho{c phoi hop vdi tua 16 da (ldy phdn non cria rE

mgc phu sinh tir cinh) 20-309, T| gi6i l5-20g sdc nrldc uong; 5-7 thang thi

kh6i

- Chira bi thuong phdn mdm, tl miiu srlng tay hoic mun nhgt tlon ilQc

sung 16, ngoii dung rau dita nudc gi6 nh6, chd it gidm ddp vio cir6 ttau L4i

ding rau dira nudc vir v6 ciy g6o (ldy ldp tr{ng 6 trong) m6i vf 30g sdc udng.

- S6't k6o dAi sau bQnh sdi: Bau dia nddc tuoi 30-609, gie trJdi ldy nrrdc

cot u6'ng.

- Gidm niQu: Rau dira nudc 309, clddng 15g dun s6i trong nu6c vi dirng

ngiy 2 ldn trtrdc brla en.

Ngrrdi ta cbn dtrng 5n tri dau bqng (vdi loii Rau dUa kh6c c6 t6c dung tri

ly) vd ding gid n6t tldp chfa cdc bQnh ngoAi da, sung lE, bf thuong vi tri rdn

cdn.

RAU o.{NC BIdN

Rau ddng bidn, Rau sam clSng hay Cdy ru6t gi - Bacopa monnieri (L.)

Wettst., thuQc ho Hoa mdm s6i - Scroplrulariaceae.

M6 ti: Cdy thio sdng dai, nhin, c6 thdn moc ddi, c6 16 & c6c tld't, dai

20-40cm, c6 c6c nh6nh mdm hudng l6n tr6n Ld moc d0i, kh6ng cuong, thu6n,

tn, dei 8-12mm, rQng 3-5mm Hoa moc don dOc 6 n6ch ld Qud nang dang

trrirng, c6 mOi nhin, mang vbi tdn tai Hat nhidu, c6 g6c.

Phin bd vir sinh th6i: Rau tlSng bidn phdn bd nhidu 6 c6c nrrdc chdu A

(An Dq, Trung Qudc, Ldo, Th6i Lan) d Vi6t Nam, cfrng g4p m9c phd bidn 6

ven bd ruQng, bdi c6 ddt crit til Quing Ninh, Hdi Phdng vio tdi Vinh Long,

Cdn Tho.

229

l

Chd bidn lim thrtc phdm: Cdy

dtrng lim rau [n sdng nhrr xi l6ch ding

ndu canh hodc nh(ng sOi dn ldu cd, Idu

mdm.

Sfi dqng lim thudc: Torin cdy

chrla nhi6u alcaloid, chti yeu la

herpestin CAy c6 vi ddng, m6t, duoc

xem ld thuoc kich thich vi ch6'ng co

th6t Thudng ding lim thudc tri ho, loi

ti6u vi bd thQn, ldm cho thodt khi, xuat

hoi dQc.

NhrAn ddn tf thudng dr)ng rau ddng

bidn lim thudc tri nhfc m6i, t0 bai, dbn

ngd, griy tdn thtrong Cdn dirng thay vf

rau md trong Toa cdn bin, xem nhrl ld vi

thudc nhu{n gan, bdt ving da Ngudi ta

thudng ding c6y khd s6c nr.fdc udng.

Dring ngoii n6'u nr/dc tdm tri gh6.

d An D9, ngudi ta ding cdy niy

lAm thudc khai vi vd loi tidu; dich crja

n6, tr6n l6n vdi ddu h6a, ding nhu loai thudc bOi ngoii tri thdp khdp d XriLanca, todn cdy ding ldm thuoc xd, tlun nddc n6ng rfia chf,a bQnh nhot dQc

srnrg ngoii da nhu da voi d Tr,rng Qudc, n6 dugc xem nhu c6 tric dgng thanhnhiQt gi6i tlQc ti€u vi6m, tril thffng, tluqc dirng tri xich, bach ly (ly ra m6u,mri), mdt d6 srrng tlau, 16 dQc vi 16 trl sung dau.

RAU DANG DdT

Rau ddng ddt hay Rau ddng 16 vdng - Glinus oppositifolius (L.) DC.,

thuQc ho Rau d{ng ddt - Molluginateae

M6 ti: Crny thrio song l6u nim; thAn canh nh6n, mgc bd lan, khOng cdl6ng Ld mgc vdng 2-5, c6 khi 6 ld kh6ng d6u nhau, hinh m6c hgp, ddi 2-

2,5cm, c6 mQt gdn chinh; 16 kEm sdm rung Hoa mdu h,rc nhat c6 cuong ddi,

moc 2-5 c6i mQt 6 ndch 16 Qu6 nang chrla nhidu hat hinh than

Phnn bd vi sinh thrii: CrnY thudng

moc hoang tr€n ddt c6t kho d c6c bdi

sOng, ven bidn vi trong nhrlng thta ruQng

kh6, bei trdng 6 nhidu noi virng ddng

bing

Chd bidn lim thr/c phdm: Nhdn

ddn thrrdng thu h6i c6c nggn non ldm rau

ndu canh c6 hodc 6n vdi ldu mdm, ldu c6

cing mQt sd lodi rau kh6c.

Sfl dUng lirm thudc: Rau tting tldt

c6 vi ddng, tinh m6t, c6 tdc dung thdng

tid'r, nhufn gan, trf kinh phong Thudng

dugc dtrng ldm thudc ha nhiet, gi6m sdt,

chfia cdc chfng bQnh vd gan, chttng ving

da vi chrlng miy day Cfrng di.rng thay rau

md trong Toa thudc c6n bin' Thddng dUng

dudi dang thuoc sdc c6y trroi hay khO Cdy

tudi gia n6t ldy nudc cot uong tri kinh

phong.

Ngrrdi ta cfrng cbn dirng mQt loii kh6c li Rau tldng long (Glinus lotoides

L.), c6 16 miu trdng vi c6 long hinh sao, cong cing cong dung h4 nhiQt, giim

sdt.

RAU HAO

Rau hao, Thanh hao, Huong hao ' Artemisia caruifolia Buch'-Ham' ex Roxb (A apia.cea Hance ex Walp.), thuQc hg Cl6c - Asteraceae'

M6 ti: C6 mot nem, cao 1-1,5m, phin nhidu cinh nh6nh, khOng long'

Ld moc so le; phidn dii 7-9cm, x6 lOng chim 2-3 ldn thinh doqn hgp nhqn'khong long cum hoa & ngon vi n6ch 16, nh6nh dii 5-7cm; hoa ddu cao 3-6mm; ld bdc hinh tr6i xoan, c6 m6p trong trong, gAn nhrr khong l6ng; trongm6i ddu hoa c6 tU 30-50 hoa hinh 6'ng, xdp sit nhau.

phnn bd vi sinh th6i: C6 moc tren c6c bdi dm ven song vi bd ruQng,ven dudng tli 6 nhi6u noi til Lang Son, Hi TAy, Hda Binh, Hi Noi, Hrrng YOn

ddn Thrii Binh, Nam Dinh Cdn phAn bd

ti An DO, Mianma, Trung Quoc, Malaixia,

Intl6n6xia

Chd bieh lim th{c phdm: L6 vd

ngon non nd'u canh trai, hdn rdt ngon vd

c6 tdc dung gi6i nhi6t trong mia n6ng.

Sfi dung lerm thudc: d T.rrrg

Qudc, til thd ki 16, Lf Thdi Trdn tld xdp

vdo nh6m cdc loai rau vdi t€n Td khao,

c6 tric dung thanh nhiQt, ti ue, loi trudng

vi, thOng huy6i mach, drloc dr)ng tri c6 ti

khi trong nguc br,rng, t) vi tnldng tich,

n6ng trong ngudi kh6t nhidu, inun nhot

16 d0c.

NgAy nay, ngudi ta ding todn cAy

lim thudc thanh nhiQt tiOt ngdoc, khu

phong chi duong, dirng tri thrl nhiQt, h6m

hdp n6ng trong xrJdng, sot r6t, hodng

ddn, ngrla ngriy.

Ngoii ra rau hao cdn duoc ding ldm thudc chfla bQnh ra md hoi trgrn,hdm hdp so't lau ngiy, md h6i kh6ng thodt ra duoc, b€nh ddi ra m6u, muich6y miiu, kich thich ti6u h6a, chfra phong thdp, nhfrc m6i co thd Duo c dingngodi sdt trtrng, chfra mun nhot, ld ngrla, cOn tring d6t.

RAU H6N

Rau hdn, Rau hap cd, Rau xudng c6, Cdy phdn ldu - Myosoton oquaticum

(L.) Moench lMoJachium aquaticut, (L.) Friesl, thuQc ho cdm chrr6ng Caryoplryllaceoe.

-M6 ti: Cdy thio song hhng n6m, cao 15-20cm hay hon, moc bd, b6m 16

& c6c mdu Ld don, moc d6i, phidn ddi 25mm, rOng 20mm, nhon 6 tldu, hinhtim & gdc; c6.c 16, 6 drrdi c6 cuO'ng ng6n, cdc 16 nggn gdn nhrr kh6ng cudng Hoa moc thdrnh cum thua d nggn ho6c 6 nrich ki cdnh hoa mdu trdng, ch6 tl6i

Rau hao

l Cdnlr ntang lrca;2 Ct1.tn hoa;

3 Hoa ludng tinlt;4 Hoa cdi.

rdt sdu thinh 2 thiry; nhf 10, vdi nhuY

5; bdu 1 6 Quri nang hinh thQn, ntrt

thinh 10 m6nh v6.

PhAn bd vi sinh th6i: Phdn bd

6 An D0, Trung Qu6'c, ViQt Nam, Lio,

Th6i Lan 6 nfic ta, cdY moc khri- Phd

bien 0 trung du vi vtrng tldng bhng.

Thrrdng gdp tr6n c6c nL(ong rAY c0,

ruQng hoang cdc vrrdn vd ddt trdng

mdu.

Ngudi ta thu hrii ngqn non mang vd

rita sach, ndu canh v6i hdn, c6 Canh

5n ngon; c6 thd dirng cho ngr.rdi mdi 6'm

day nn Ngrrdi ta tle bidt trong cdy c6

cdc thinh phdn tinh t'heo g7o: nd6c

89,7, protid 3,3, glucid 1,4, xo 3,7, tro

1,9 vd theo mgTo: calcium 80, PhosPhor

7,2; caroten 9,2 vd vitamin C 48.

Sr? d\rng lim thudc: Cdn dttgc

dirng ldm thudc tri mun nhot, dau

rdng, tn srtng dau vi b€nh lY L6 ndu

udng dirng lim thu6'c loi sira.

- Tr! mun nhot: Rau hdn ttroi 90g, gia n6t, thom nldu vua d[r, s6c udng,

d6ng thdi dirng cdy tddi gie ddp ngohi.

- Ly: Rau hdn 30g, s6c nrrdc, th6m tludng udng'

- Dau rSng: Rau hdn tudi gie nh6, pha th6m it mudi, tldp vdo ch6 tlau.Luong y L6 Trdn Drrc cho bidt: 6n rau hdn thudng xuy€n thi clen r6u t6c'

3 Hoa;4 Cdnlt hoa;5 Bdu.;

6 Qui no;7 Hat.

M6 tri: Criy bui c6 cinh cong

hinh cung, c6 thd cao d6n 4m, khOng

c6 gai Lri hinh thoi, tr6i xoan, mdu

luc b6ng Hoa xdp tr} 1 den 4 c6i, c6

tring hoa mdu tim d6, c6 dng trdng

ngdn hon c6c c6nh hoa eu6 thuOn,

miu d6 sAm hay tl6 da cam Hat

nhidu, hinh thQn dep.

Phfln bd vi sinh thrii: C6y gdc

6 Tdy A, drrgc nh{p trdng ldm c6y

cdnh vd ldy c6c b6 phrin ldm thuO'c.

TrOng blng crich gidm crinh.

Ch6'bieh lim thlrc phdm: Ld

rau khdi drroc ding lirm rau dn xio

hay nriu canh.

SrX dung lim thudc: Rau khdi

n6u canh chfla chung hoa mdt, d6m

Rau khdi

L Cdnh nnng hoa;

2 Cdnh nnng qui;8 Hoa.ngri khong y6n; cfrng dnirg tri dau mdt d6, n6ng gan, phdi n6ng, ho, sO.t r6t.c6 thd dtng 16 ndu nudc udng thay trd eui gqi la cau kf, chnil betain, acid ascorbic, acid nicotianic Qu6 dr.roc dirng rim thudc cudng tr6ng, bd can th6n,nhu{n ph6, manh g6n

_c6i, chfla chfng tiOu khdt, lung vd chan suy ydu,

chuyOn chf,a vd benh mdt do suy dinh dudng Lai c6 t6c dung ha drrdng huydt.v6 rE goi ln Dia co't bi lam thudc gi6i nhi6t, m6t huydt, dnng chfia ho, ho ramdu.

RAU KHOC TT

Rau khric t6 hay Rau khric vd.ng - Gnaphalium affine D Don [G.multiceps Wall ex DC.l, thuQc ho Cfc - Asteraceae,

M6 tri: cdy thio moc hlng n6m hay 2 nrm Thdn cao tdi 40-b0cm, mdu

trdng, c6 l6ng nhrr bOng Ld nguy6n, moc so re, thu6n hinh dii, ti.r vi c6 mti

ct'.g (t ddu, thon hep ddn lai 6 gdc, hoi men theo cu6ng, ddi 4_7cm, rQng E_

15mm, c6 l6ng mdm Ddu hoa miu virng dnh, tap hgp thdnh ngtr, v6i nhi6u 16

bdc c6 l6ng nhrr b6ng 6 mdt hrng euri be thu6n hinh trtrng, c6 mdo l6ng gdm

nhirng td hinh soi t6c.

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: Rau

khric phAn bd 6 ving Vi6n Ddng,

tir An D0 tdi Trung Qudc, NhAt

B6n vi Phitippin O nudc ta, rau

khric rdt phd bidn & nhfing ndi ddt

trdng, c6c ruOng b6 hoang, nhidu

nhdt li 6 c6c tlnh phia Bdc Cdn

c6 mQt l6ni khec li Rau khric nep

(Gnapltalium polycaulon Pers.)

cring thrrdng gip d nudc ta.

Chd bi6h tarm th{c phdm:

Nh6n drin ta thrrdng hrii cdc chdi

non, dem quet vdi bQt geo ndp tld

ldm loai b6nh c6 nhAn d{u goi li

bdnh khric L6 vd ngon non cfing

dirng ludc dn nhu c6c lo4i rau

khdc.

St? dqng lim thudc: Ngrrdi

ta clng dirng rau khrlc tld lim

thudc, thu hrii vio mia xu6n, mia

hd, rfta sach, dtng trroi hay phoi khO Rau kh0c c6 vi ngot, tinh binh, c6 t6c dung ti€u dim tri ho, tri suy6n, trf thdp khdp vd h4 huydt 6p.

Thudng ding tri: 1 Cim s6't, ho, viOm khi qu6n man, hen suy6n; 2 Sg tiOu m6u cdp, sg ngQ dQc ba dau;3 Thap khdp;4 Huydt 6p cao Dtng ngoli

trf chdn thudng, bi thrrong, tri r{n cdn Lidu dnng l5-30g, dang thudc s{c

- Chtra cim sdt, ho, vi6m hgng, ddm nghich, dtrng rau khtic khO 30g sdc

udng, ho{c thOm gtrng, hAnh, m6i vi 10g cr)ng sdc.

- ChSa rdn cdn vd bi thr/ong dau nhfc, gid 16 rau khfc tt{oi tl6p rit

d Trurrg Qu6'c, rau \htic c0ng dtrgc sfi dung nhidu lim thudc Dd chfla

vi6m khi qu6n man tinh, ngr.rdi ta dtng rau khtic 15g, Khorin tl6ng hoa, 16 T)

bd, hat quA md, m6i vi 10g, sdc nu6c udng.

Rau kh6c tt!

l Todtt cdy;2 C4un hm;

3 Hoa ludng tinl4 4 Hoa cdi.

235

RAU lIfili

Rau md - Centella asiatica (L.)

Urb., thuOc hg Hoa tdn - Apiaceae.

M6 ti: Cdy th6o song nhi6u

nim, moc li li tr6n met dat va c6

ld trdn trdn nhrJ gb mri cfra con

ngrrdi, do d6 mi c6 t€n cria ciy

PhAn bd vi sinh thrii: Rau

m6 phin bd d khdp vtng nhiQt tldi

cd, ttr c6c nrJ6c Ar{p, Trung DOng

qua Pakistan, ddn c6c nudc DOng

Nam A vd chdu Dai Duong d nrrdc

ta, rau m6 moc hoang khdp noi,

thudng gip & cdc bdi c6, bd ruQng,

ven sudi, quanh c6c ldng b6n.

Chd bidn lirm thdc phdm:

Rau md dd drrgc nghi0n cttu nhidu 6

nrl6c ta vit ci trOn thd gidi, vi nhfrng

d{c tinh qui grd cria n6 Tqi nrrdc ta,

rau m6 drrc sft dung rdt phd bidn.

Rau md thudng dugc coi lir rau

chdng d6i vi lo4i rau linh

NhAn ddn ta thrrdng dtng rau m6 ttd {n sdng, mu6'i dr.ta, luQc chin ho{cn6'u canh en.

Rau m6 c6 thd ding nA'u canh vdi thit nac hoflc t6p hay c6 l6c Ngudi ta

dd phrnn tich thinh phAn h6a hoc cfra rau m6, tinh theo g7o: m16c 88,2, protid

3,2, glucid 1,8, cellulose 4,5 vd theo mgVo: calcium 229, phosphor 2, sdt 3,1, caroten 1300, vitamin 81 0,15 vi vitamin C 37.

p-Sfl dgng lim thudc: Rau md cfing li mgt vf thudc th6ng dung N6 c6 vingot tinh m6t, c6 t6c dung ch6'ng nhi6m tring, chdng dQc, giii nhiQt vd loitidu Thtrdng drrgc chi tlinh dirng tri: 1 Dau gan mQt vi bOnh sdi; 2 Sd mfri,

vi€m h4nh nhAn, dau hong, vi6m khi quin; 3 Benh dudng tidt niQu vi sdi; 4 NgQ dQc Li ng6n, ndm ddc, th4ch tin (arsenic) Dirng ngodi t{ rdn cdn, mqn

Rau md xay nhuy6n vdt lay nudc cot, pha vdi nudc drla xi6m li mQt thtlnudc gidi khdt rat bd d cdc thinh pho vi c6c thi xd, thi trdn, ngUdi tathudng sir dung nrJdc rau mri dudi dang nttdc sinh td nhu c6c thtl qui ciy.

NhAn dAn ta thudng ding rau m6 trong c6c trddng hop:

- Gizii nhiet, lim xudt drroc chfng n6ng ndy bttt rtrt trong ngrrdi, tri tr6

em n6ng sdt dtr dQi, l6n kinh phong (trong uong, ngodi xoa), chf,a ngfa l&mgn nhot, ldm cho dd sung, dd dau (udng trong, tl{p ngodi).

- Gi6i dQc, do 6n nhdm phdi Lri ng6n, nam dQc, thach tin hoic do say

sdn, dr)ng 2509 rau m6 vd 16 rau muong bidn 2509, gi6 ndt, hda nrl6c sOi

uong.

- Cdm m6u nhu chiy m6u chAn ring, chdy m6u cam, thd huyet, di tidu

ra m6u, tli ngodi ra m6u vi bQnh kiet ly, phu nil bi bdng huydt ThrrOng dirng

rau m6 30e, C6 nho ndi vi 16 Trdc b6, m6i v! 15g, sao, s6c nddc udng.

- Tri ly cAip tinh: dirng mQt n6m rau trroi rrra sach th6m it hat muoi, nhai

ky nu6't nudc ho{c c6 the gid nrit vdt nudc cho udng.

- Tri ho, gi5 c6y tuoi lay ntrdc dich udng hoic s{c nudc u6'ng.

- Tri khi hu bach ddi, ddn bd, con gr{i dau bung kinh, ding rau md phoikh6 lim thinh bOt u6'ng, m6i s6ng dirng 2 thia cd ph€ b6t.

- Vi6m hanh nhdn; dilng rau mA tudi, gid nrit nhuy6n lay nudc cdt, hda it

gidm, nuot tir tr)t.

- Tri d6i buot, ddi ddt, dtrng rau md tddi gie nhuy6n, ldy nrrdc cot udng.

- Ldm thuoc loi s[a; c6 thd an tuoi ho{c lu6c 5n, ndu IuQc thi phii ding

cd nddc luQc mdi c6 t6c dung Ngudi ta cfrng dilng cho bd sfa dn dd cho bdth€m sira.

Ngudi ta dd che rau md thdnh nhfrng d4ng pomrir hdn veit thuong mau

lAnh da, Iidn seo dd chrla cdc vet thrrong phdn mdm.

Tuy nhi6n, tloi vd'i nhfing ngudi ty vi hu hin, thrrdng di dai tiQn l6ng thikh6ng nOn di.rng nhi6u vi rau md c6 tinh mdt lanh

237

RAU ]I[ri TiA

Rau m6 tia, Rau chua ld, Rau m6 16

rau mudng, Cdy hoa m{t trdi - Emil.ia

soncltifolia (L.) DC., thuQc ho C0c

Asteraceae.

M6 hi: Criy thrio mgc hoang, sdng

hing nim, Lric ciy cbn non, cdc 16 moc tir

goc kh6ng chia thiry, hinh din cdm nom

nhu 16 rau m6 (c6y rau md) d cAy tnrdng

thinh, cdc 16 phia tr6n chia thiy t4n

cing hinh bdu dqc-tam gi6c, c6 rdng C6c

16 phia trOn kdm theo cum hoa, kh6ng

cudng, c6 tai 6 gdc; nhfrng 16 niy nom

nhu 16 rau mudng Cum hoa hinh ddu,

miu hdng hay mdu tim, khi gid no xde

ra Qui b6'c6 gai ngdn.

Phin bd vi sinh thdi: Rau m6 tia

mgc khdp nudc ta, trong cdc bii c6, lim

bui, cdc bei ddt hoang, tr€n c6c bd ruQng,

tludng tli

Rau m:i tia

1 Ngorr cdy nwng lrca;

2 hi;3 Hm.

Chd bidn lirm th{c phdm: Ciy in

duoc vi tham gia vdi tf lQ nhi6u hay it vio c6c m6n 6n tty tirng vtrng Ld vi

nggn non c6 thd ding luQc, ndu canh, ho{c in s6'ng nhtr rau xa Hch dingchdm vdi ntrdc kho T[ tlAu thd ki niy, c6 ngudi da goi f dtng n6 lim lo4i rau

dn mtra hb nhu xir ldch, chd ddu gidm, n6 c6 vi riOng kh6 ph6n tfch nhung

ngrrdi ta c6 thd phdn biQt mQt vi chua nhg, pha l6n chrit it tl6ng vi n6i chung

lA loai rau 5n rrgon d nh0ng ving c6 cdt, trong khi nhirng loii c6y khdc

kh6ng moc dudc thi rau m6 tia vdn sinh tnl&ng vi phdt tridn tdt, ngay ci viomia hd, n6n c6 ngtrdi khuyen khich n6n tqn dgng loai rau nAy.

Srt dgng lirm thudc: Dd dnng lim thudc, ngudi ta ding toin cdy, r[{a

sach, phoi khO; c0ng dirng cA ciy tuoi Rau m6 tia c6 vi tl6ng, tinh binh, c6

t6c dung Siii nhiet, chong dQc, tiOu sung, loi tidu Thudng dugc chi tlinh ding

tri: 1 Cim c0m, s0t, viOm phdn tr6n dtrdng h0 hdp, dau hong, nhgt 6 miQnglttOi;2 Vi6m phO'i nhe; 3 Vi6m ruQt, ly; bQnh dudng niQu - sinh duc; 4 Vi€m

vri, vi6m tinh hoin; 5 Vet thrrong, mgn nhpt, eczema, ch6h thrrong; ngoiri dandi men, sdng ki Li0u dirng 15-30g.

- Sdi, ntii man, I& ng(a; ding cinh 16 ndu nddc tdm, gQi.

- Vi0m dudng niQu-sinh duc, tl6i budt, tltti ddt; ding rau m6 tia vi mdtld, m6i vi 30g sdc udng.

- Vi€m ruQt, kiet ly; ding 60-1009 todn cAy s6c uong, hodc phoi hop vdi c6y Sdi guc, 30-509 cing sdc uong.

- Rrit mrj mun nhot; dirng cdnh ki gia nhuy6n tldp.

RAU MAC

Rau m6c hay Tir cd - Sagittaria

sagittifolia L., thuQc ho Trach $

Alisntataceae.

M6 ti: CAy thdo c6 thAn nhm drrdi

dat, o ddu phinh thinh cir L6 hinh mfii

mdc c6 3 thny nhon, cuong 16 ddi C6n

hoa moc drlng, trAn, ddi 20-90cm, mang

hoa tir nila trOn Hoa trdng, khri to, tap

hop thdnh chirm dLrt doan, xdp ddi nhau,

honc thinh vdng 3 crii mQt Qui bd dep.

Phin bd vi sinh thdi: Rau m6c li

lorii cAy crla c6c virng nhiQt tldi vA cQn

nhiQt tld'i ch6u Au, chdu A vd chdu My O

ViQt Nam, rau mdc moc 6 ddm ldy, ruQng

Idy, ao tldm vd nhfrng noi c6 bin

Chd bidn lim th{c phdm: Cfr crla

rau m6c thu hoach vdo mia tlOng, ding dd

ndu hay luQc dn L6 non vi cuong 16 c0ng

luQc lim rau 5n duoc.

Srft dr1ng lim thudc: Cu rau metc duoc dirng 5n ldm thuoc bdi duOng,cudng trdng vir c0ng dirng lim thuoc cAm mdu Chuy6n dtng chfra sAn h{u

239

Rau m6c

l Tod,n cdy nwng lrca;

2 Dgng ld hltdc; 3 La nodn.

ch6ng mit, dau nh6i tim, cfrng diing chrla bQnh ldu c6 s6i, chfra ho, ho ra mdu

nhutng uong nhidu thi c6 dQc.

Hoa ldm s6ng mdt, trir chrrng thap, tlinh dQc, tri, lqu Lri dtng chf,ath0ng d6c ldu ngiy, tr6 em ndi don dQc, mut ld vd h6i n6ch (gi6 n6t ddp vdo).

nau mAxn rAr

Rau minh bdt, Hoa bdt hay Ddy

bim bdt - Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt,

thuQc ho Bdu bi - Cucurbitaceae.

M6 ti: Cdy th6o nhSn vi m6nh

moc leo cao, c6 khi dei t6i 5m hay

hon L6 hinh 5 canh, c6 rdng, vdi 5

thty, hinh tim 6 g6c, rdt nhin, tlrrdng

kinh 5-8cm; cdc thiy hinh tam giric,

c6 mfri nhon crlng Tua cudn don Hoa

drrc vd hoa cdi gidng nhau, c6 cuong

hoa dii 2cm QuA hinh trrrng ngrJoc

hodc thuOn, ddi Scm r0ng 2-5cm, khi

chin c6 mdu d6, thit qu6 cfrng d6,

trong c6 chrl'a nliidu hat

Phfln bd vi sinh th6i: Rau

minh b6t phdn bd khip cdc midn

nhi6t d6i vd c{n nhiQt tldi cria chAu A.

d ntrdc ta, n6 cfrng thudng moc phd

bidn ven c6c b6i, nudng r6y, bd suoi

vd c0ng c6 khi tlrroc trdng

Chd bi6'n lim th{c phdm: L6

non vi qu6 ding lim rau trn, ding ndu

canh hay luQc nhu nhidu loai rau khdc.

Srrl dgng lim thudc: Cdy cfrng tltro c dtng ldm thudc ddp ngoii tri gh6

ld, mun nhot, cdc vdt thuong, cdc vdt cdn tlot c(ra rdn ret Ngudi ta cfrng cdn

ding dich 16, phdi hop vdi c6c vi thu0'c khdc ttd tri bQnh d6i dudng V6 vi 16

Rau mdnh bdt

L Ngon cdy nnng hoa cdi;

2 Hoa dyc;

3 BQ nlfi;4 B0 nhi bd dec;

5 Ddi lrca; 6 Nlrqy;7 Qun.

:,i=.*7

fl'[tr/,-$,$#

'\ &P.t'.

dirng lim thudc tay Lri dirng d{p tri bQnh ngoii da vi dirng pha nudc u6ng chrra b6nh lau.

RAU MAT

Rau mit, Rau 6t, CAy cii dia

-MonoclLoria uegi.nalis (Burm.f.) Presl ex

Kunth, thuOc ho Bdo luc binh

Pon tederi.aceae.

M6 ti: CAy thdo cao 20-30 (tdi

45)cm, c6 thAn 16 ngdn o trong bin RO

chim miu trdng Ld rlon, nguy6n, c6

phien hinh trfng, hinh bdu duc hay

hinh trfng rdng c6 dAu nhon, goc thinh

hinh tim, dAi 4,5-7cm, rQng 4-5,5cm,

gdn hinh cung r0; cuong k{ dAi 20cm,

goc thinh be 6m thAn Cum hoa hinh

chim g6m 3-25 hoa Cuong hoa dAi

3-Scm Bao hoa 6 Nhi thudng li 5 RAu

kh6ng cuong Qud nang dii S-krrm,

trong bao hoa t6n tai; hat c6 miru nAu

nhat

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: PhAn b0 d

Trung Qudc, Vi6t Nam, Lio, Campuchia.

d nrrdc ta, cAy moc ph6 bien o ao dAm,

rudng nr-ldc, sudi c6 birn tir virng thap

l6n tlen dQ cao 1500m.

Chd biCn lim thdc phdm: ThAn, L{ duoc dr)ng lanr thuc iir) cho l(Ir).Ngon vd 16 non ding lim thfc {n cho ngddi, c6 thd xii,r, nAu canh hoAc muoi dua.

d Campuchia, hoa vi thAn cAy ddoc bdn d cho ch)ng an \'(;i lrirr nr5m.

Sr? dUng lim thudc: ToAn cAy tluoc ding lim thufic giai nhier chitacdm ndng d An DO, ngudi ta dr)ng 16 nhai chtra rlau r.'-tng; vd c$y 5n vtii

tlttdng tr! hen O T.rrrg Qu6'c, cdy drroc ding tri ly, vi0m ru6t, loi rang mung m0, srrng amygdal cdp tinh, vi6m hong, gh6 l<i, rdn cdn.

RAU MdNG TdI

Rau mdng tdi, Milng toi, Lqc quj'

-Basella alba L., thuQc ho Mdng toi

-Basellaceae.

M6 ki: CAy thrio leo c6 thri.n qudn.

L6 moc so le, phidn nguyOn vd mong

nr.(dc Hoa xdp thinh bdng Qui b€', hinh

cdu hay hinh trttng, drlng trong bao hoa

nac, tao thinh mQt qud giri.

Phin bd vi sinh th6i: Rau mdng

tdi dudc tr6ng r6ng rdi 6 chAu A, chdu

Phi, chdu My O nr"(dc ta, rau mdng toi

moc hoang dai vd cfing dt/oc trdng khdp

noi Ngudi ta cho ciy moc' leo lOn cdc

hing rdo, c6c lirm cdy bui ho6c tr6ng nhrr

cdc loai rau kh6c 6 tr€n ddt vr.rdn vd

thtrdng xuyOn cdt tia dd ldy chdi non 5n.

Chd bi6'n lim th{c phdm: Nh6n

ddn ta thudng dirng rau mdng toi 6n nhu

rau mudng ho{c ndu canh vdi cua tldgg, t6m, t6p, thit lon Ngrrdi ta de bidt

thinh phdn dinh dudng cia Rau mdng toi, tinh theo ffi: protid,2, glucid 1,4,cellulose 2,5 vd theo mgfio: calcium 176, phosphor 33,7, sdt 1,6, natrium 38,kalium 391, p-caroten 1920, vitamin Bl 0,06 vd vitamin C 72.

Srff dqng lim thudc: Rau mdng tdi c6 vi chua, tinh lanh, c6 t6d dung

hoat trddng, th6ng d4i ti6n, lim dC tt6 Dnng ngoAi trf rOm s6y.

Trong Linh Nam bdn th6o, H6i Thuong L6n Ong ghi:

"L4c qu) tOn goi li Mdng toi

Kh0ng dQc, lanh chua, rdt hoat thai,Thanh nhiQt, loi trudng, th6ng dai, tidu,HQt trin hda md gh6 ding bOi."

Rau m6ng toi

Nggn cdy mang ltoa, quii.

Ngrrdi ta dr)ng rau mdng toi, ngon rau lang, rau clay, rau m6, m6i lo4i

50g, thdi nh6, s{c vdi nrldc, al6'600m1, sdc can cdn 200m1, uong mQt ldn, ho{cn6'u canh 5n, dtrng tri t6o b6n Ngudi gii t6o b6n n6n thrrdng 6n rau mdng toinhung ngudi bi lanh do ia chdy, di l6ng n6n ki6ng Phu nf, sdp sinh d6 n6n

in rau mdng toi tle lim cho c6c bdp thft d bung kh6e thOm Sau khi d6 it sfra

nOn 5n rau mdng toi dd cho c6 nhidu sf,a N6'u canh m6ng tdi vdi rau samding 5n tri bi tidu ti0n Ngudi ta cdn ding nudc sdc cria qud tld chfa tlau mdt.

Hat mdng toi b6 v6, tdn nh6, hda vdi m{t ong bOi l6n mdt thi da m{t minmdng hloi s6ng.

RAU MdP

Rau mdp, Mdp gai, Ci ch6c gai,

Son thuc gai hay R"iy gai - Lasia

spinosa (L.) Thwaites, thuQc hS R,ly

-Araceae.

M6 ti: CAy th6o c6 thdn 16 vi

::

cu6'ng ld d6u c6 gai Ld to, hinh m0i

t6n, 16 gid x6 thiy lOng chim, c6 khi da

dang; cudng Li c6 be Cum hoa li mQt

bOng mo (mOt b0ng gdm c6 trr,rc hoa,

tr€n c6 dinh c6c hoa, b6n ngoii c6 mo

ddi bao bgc) mang nhidu hoa ludng

tinh Qui mong, c6 gai ngdn.

PhAn bd vi sinh thdi: Rau mdp

gdc 6 An DQ vA dugc ph6t t6n ra c6c

vtrng kh6c d nrrdc ta, thudng gdp rau

mdp moc hoang dai khdp noi, nhat li

ch6 am ddt c6 nrrdc: ruOng nddc, bd ao,

bdi lAy, ven su6'i, muong rach til virng

thdp tdi ving cao, thudng CAp ttrnC

d6m.

ChC'biCh l:)m th{c phdm: NhAn ddn ta thudng ldy 16 non lim rau 6n

luQc hoEc mudi dtra.

St? drlng lim thudc: B0 phAn tlrroc dtrng lim thudc li thAn rC N6 c6 vichr{t hoi cay, tinh mdt, c6 tdc dung th6ng tiOu manh, mdt gan, ti6u sung Ld

vi thuoc duoc dirng nhidu trong dAn gian Cdc co sci Y hoc dAn t6c d nhi6u noithtrdng dirng chtra phir thfrng, dau nhrlc cric khdp xt/ong tU ilAu gO'i xuong binch6n, (lau nhrlc ldng, dau nhfc dAu, t6o b6n, ngrla ld ngodi da Cfrng dirng chfra ho vi vi6m hong, cdc b6nh xo gan, di chrlng do sot r6t

MOt so co sd dirng rau mdp trong vi6c didu tri b6nh xo gan cd tnrdng,

lim rrit nrl6c rat nhanh Lidu dtrng 15-209, dang thuoc sdc.

RAU MUI

Rau mi.ri hay Rau ngd

Coriandnun satiuttttt L., thuOc ho Hoa

tdn - Apiaceae.

M6 tri: CAy thAo nh6, cao

30-60cm, c6 c{c L1 d drrdi khia thinh

phi6n hinh tr6i xoan, c6 rdng; ca{c ki

tr6n x6 tua Hoa miu hdng, c6 cdnh

hoa kh6ng ddu Qui hinh cdu, miru

ving rom hay ndu s6ng tiry thrl (ta

hay goi nhAm li hat)

PhAn bd vi sinh th6i: Rau mr)i

moc hoang dai d ving Dia Trung Hdi

vd ld mOt trong nhtrng loii ciy duoc

tr6ng tir l6u ddi nhdt trOn thd gi6i

N6 duoc n6u li v4t ding thd c(rng

trong c6c mQ cira ngddi Hy Lap

khodng 100 ndm trrrdc k;i nguy6n cria

chfng ta d nrr6c ta, rau mii duoc

tr6ng phd bidn tai nhi6u noi tlt! ldm

rau gia vi

Chd bidn lim thrfc phdm: C6

the dirng 6n song hay thd vdo cdc ndi canh, c6c m6n xio n6'u Cdn dirng ndu

nddc g6i dAu cho thom Ngudi ta dd bie't thinh phdn cua rau miri tinh theo

Rau miri

l Phdn gdc cdy;

2 Ngon cdy nrung lrca;3 Hoa o nbp;

4 Hoa ii trung tdnr;5 Quti.

#-i'

g7c: protid 2,6, glucid 0, cellulose 1,8 vd theo mgTo calcium 133, phosphor 80,sdt a,S, p-caroten 450, vitamin Bl 0,11 vd vitamin C 140.

Rau mUi vd qud c6 thd ding cdt tinh ddu dd chd bidn nudc hoa, nddc gQi

ddu, tdm rtla, rrdp ch6, lim ruou miri H4t miri chta O,2-lVo tinh ddu mi thdnhphAn chinh ld linalol hay coriandrol 165-7OVa), geraniol, pinen, cineol vd

terpinen Khi cdn trloi, hat mti c6 mii crla rQp, nhung khi de rang hay sA'y, n6 c6 miri d6 chfu vA thom

Srl drlng lim thudc: Rau miri, nhdt li hat miri (Hd tuy) duoc s& dung

nhi6u ldm thuoc.

Hdi Thuong Lan Ong dd ghi trong Linh Nam bin th6o:

"H6 tuy thrrdng goi Rau mii,

Kh6ng dQc, am cay, th6ng loi th6iTi6u thrrc, bd trung, th6ng nhi tiQn, Chfr phong, tl4u quydt, k6o duong hdi."

vd:

"Hd tuy tir trlc hQt Rau mii

KhOng tlQc, cay, binh, th0c dQc th6i,Chta mun, s6t tring, tiCu thuc tich,Trudng phong, tri l{u vdi nang ddi (srrng ddi)"

Ngdy nay, ngrfdi ta goi Rau miri v6i t6n Nguy6n tuy.

Ding u6'ng trong, n6 c6 tdc dung loi trung tiQn, dO ti6u h6a, kich thich,

md xua kia, ngtrdi ta cho ld n6 kich dgc vri gi(rp cho tri nh6: Y hoc d6n tQcxem n6 ld vi thuoc phr{t trin, Iim cho sdi moc vd tiOu ddm trQ, tdng ti6u h6a.

Dtrng 6 ngodi, n6 c6 tinh chat ch6'ng dau Thudng drroc dr)ng u6'ng trf nu6ihoi, tiOu h6a kh6 khdn, tlAy hoi trudng bung, co thdt (ddi vdi b0 m6y dq ddy

- ruQt), lrrdi rnn do thdn kinh (ti vi hrr yeu) Dirng ngodi tr! dau nhrlc, dauthap khdp Ngudi ta thudng ding rau mii (1 ndm) phoi hop v6i v6 quft (8- 10g) sdc udng chtra chfng sau khi dn dau bgng ldm r6m, bl tldy kh6ng ti6u,

budn n6n.

Ngudi ta c6 th€i dtrng nudc sdc hat, ding cdn thudc, dtng tinh ddu Dd

ding ngoii, ngudi ta che d4ng ntldc rrla hay pomat tld xoa.

Rau miri li loai thuoc chti yeu ding trong d4u sdi T16 em lOn sdi, nhAn

gap gi6 lanh, s,ii kh6ng mgc ddo c, ding mQt ndm rau mii sdc cho tre udng

245