Primary science learners book 1

b Why do you think they are Scientific words living things alive not alive 2 Work with a partner.. Plants are aliveThink about what you know about living things – things that are alive.

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Wesgreen International School, Sharjah

As Seeb International School, Al Khoud

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Trang 5

Being a scientist

Trang 6

What does a scientist do?

Scientists are interested in the world around them They ask

questions They find answers by testing their ideas in different ways

Scientists look for things that are the same and different

They group things, such as animals in the sea

Scientists test their ideas They try to keep things fair

Scientists find information

in books and on the internet

They share

what they

learn

Scientists observe things

to compare what happens

Will the leaf float or sink?

Scientists measure things They look for patterns in their results

12 10 8 6 4 2 0

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How to do a fair test

A fair test is a way to investigate a scientific question

To carry out a fair test, scientists must think about certain things

What do you want to find out? Ask a scientific question Investigate, test and measure the results

What thing will you change? What effect will you measure?

Observe and measure the changes

Record your observations (results) by writing or drawing

Will you put

your results into a

chart or a graph?

Use what you

found out to

answer your question

Was your test

good? Could you

make it better?

1

What will you

do to answer your question?

2

4

What equipment will you need to help you?

3

5 6

7

8 9

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Living things

1

Work with a partner Look at

these pictures of living things

a Name each living thing.

b Why do you think they are

Scientific words

living things alive

not alive

2

Work with a partner

Look at these pictures

Which things do you think are:

a alive (living things)

b not alive?

c What do you think

living things can do?

You are alive Talk to a partner

a How do you know that you

are alive?

b What kinds of things can

you do?

Talk partners

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How do we know something is alive?

Think like a scientist!

You know that you are alive (a living thing) because you do these

things to stay alive:

1

Work with a partner Look at the pictures of the elephants

a Which elephant is alive (a living thing)?

b Which elephant is not alive?

c Has the toy elephant ever been alive?

d How do you know?

eat move breathe grow senses

elephant A

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Alive or never alive?

We know that some things in the world around us are alive

Things are living if they can:

• eat • move • breathe • grow • use their senses

Some things have never been alive,

such as this metal spoon and rock

1

Work with a partner Look at these pictures

a Say which things are alive Which things have never been alive?

b Why do you think that?

2

a Cut out some pictures of different things

b Sort them into two groups: ‘alive’ and

‘never been alive’

c Stick them onto a page like this.

You will need…

● old magazines ● scissors ● glueCut out some pictures of different things

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Plants are alive

Think about what you know about living things – things that are alive

Did you know that plants

are alive? They are alive

(living things) because they:

Work with a partner Look at the pictures of the two sunflowers

a Which sunflower is alive? Which sunflower has never been alive?

b How do you know?

Scientific word

air

Trang 12

Who do you agree with?

Is this plant a living thing? Tad and Tariq could not agree on

the answer Help them to find out

Talk partners

1

Look at your pictures of plants

Some plants are alive

Some are not alive

a Work with a partner

Sort the plants into two groups

b Talk to a partner

How do you know which plant

is alive and which plant is not alive?

● pictures of real and artificial plants

is alive and which plant is not alive?

alive not alive

Talk to a partner

a Do you agree with Tad or with Tariq?

b Why?

I do not think the plant is alive

I cannot see when

it eats, moves or breathes.

The plant is alive!

We cannot always see it, but plants move when they grow.

Trang 13

Different plants

a On your way home, look for

plants

b How many different plants

did you see?

c If you have a camera, take

some pictures of plants in your garden or near where you live Or, draw some of the plants

Challenge yourself!

1

a Find lots of pictures of plants

Remember that trees and grass are also plants

b Cut out the pictures and stick

them onto some paper

c Copy these sentences onto

your page

• Plants are alive

They are living things

• Trees and grass are alive

They are living things

We know that plants are living things

Plants can be small or big Trees are plants.

These pictures show some different plants

Find lots of pictures of plants

● old magazines

● scissors ● glue

Trang 14

The parts of a plant

We can name our body parts,

such as eyes, arms and legs

Plants also have different

parts

Some parts are above the

ground, such as the leaf,

flower and stem

Some parts are under the

ground, such as the roots.

2

a Look closely at the roots

Use a hand lens It makes things look bigger

b What can you

see? Tell a partner

1

Work with a partner

a Look at the picture of the

tomato plant above

b Read the names of the parts

of the plant

At home, ask someone to help you learn these words

leaf flower stem roots

a Learn how to say the names

of the parts of the plant

b Learn how to write them.

c Work with a partner Test

each other on the names

Talk partners

leaf flower stem roots

What can you

roots

Trang 15

Going on a plant hunt

Are all the different parts of one plant the same as other plants?

2

On your plant hunt, find out the answers to these questions

a Where is the stem, leaves,

flower and roots on each plant that you look at?

b How are the plants similar

(almost the same)?

Do they all have leaves?

Are the leaves the same?

c How are the plants different?

d What does the biggest plant

look like?

e What does the smallest plant

look like?

Have you noticed that not all plants are the same?

But, even if plants look different, the names of the

plant parts are the same for every plant

1

a Go on a plant hunt in your

school grounds

b Use your hand lens to help

you look closely at different plants

Go on a plant hunt in your

● area with plants

● hand lens

you look closely at different plants

samedifferentsimilar

Trang 16

Make a plant hunt wristband

Find some more parts of a plant

to put on your wristband

Every plant has leaves, a stem and roots

Some plants have flowers

Sometimes we cannot see the roots,

because they are under the soil.

Sometimes we cannot see the flowers

It might not be the right time of the year.

1

Make a sticky wristband

like the one in the picture

Your teacher will help you

● card cut to fit your wrist

● double-sided sticky tape

Put your wristband on your wrist

a Go outside Collect some

leaves, flowers and petals

Stick them onto your wristband

b If you have

a camera, ask a partner to take

a photograph of you wearing your wristband

Trang 17

2

a Sort your seeds from

Activity 1 into groups

b How many different ways

can you sort your seeds?

Hint: Think about the size,

colour and shape of the seeds

You know that plants are living things

Plants have a stem, leaves and roots Some plants have flowers

Now you are going to learn about parts of a plant called seeds.

Some plants grow from seeds

Here are some seeds and the plant they grow into

1

Work with a partner

a Carefully cut open some

fruits Find the seeds inside.

b Draw or take a photograph

of each fruit and the seeds inside it

c Put the seeds on some paper.

seeds fruits

● fruits and vegetables

● spoon

● knife

● paper

Be careful when you use the knife

Trang 18

Eating parts of plants

Plants are important

Humans and other animals eat different parts of plants

1

a Work with a partner Look at the pictures

b Match the name of each part of the plant to the correct picture of

plants that we eat stem leaves flower seeds roots

2

Taste some different plant parts to see what they are like

Copy and complete this table The first one has been done for you

carrots celery cabbage

courgettes rice

Trang 19

Growing seeds

Seeds grow into plants

You will now learn how to plant a seed

2

You have planted your seeds

a What will the seeds need to help them grow into plants?

b Draw pictures to show what you need to do next.

1

Work with a partner

a Look at the pictures.

b Use them to help you plant your seeds.

● seeds ● soil ● plant pot ● spoon

1 Half fill the pot with soil 2 Place a seed on the soil 3 Cover the seed with soil.

Trang 20

Talk partners

What do seeds need to grow?

In Activity 2 on page 17, you drew some pictures

You drew what you needed to do next to help your

seeds grow into plants

a Did you decide to water the seeds?

b Do you think seeds need water to grow?

Scientific word

prediction

1

Work with a partner

a Do what each learner

in the picture did

b Which seeds do you think

will grow? This is called a

prediction.

c Write your prediction

next to each pot

● plant pots ● seeds ● soil ● spoon ● water

I put some seeds in a pot and gave them four spoons of water

every day.

I put some seeds

in a pot and did not water

them at all.

My prediction:

I do not think these seeds will grow.

My prediction:

I think these seeds will grow.

Trang 21

How do seeds grow?

germinates shoot

seedling

Talk to a partner

a When your seed

grows into a plant, what do you think it will look like?

b Draw what you think.

Talk partners

Seeds do not need light to start to grow, but they do need water

The picture below shows how a seed grows

The seed has food, so that the plant can start to grow under the soil

When the seed starts to grow, we say it germinates.

When the seed germinates, the roots grow first

Then the shoot grows Then the leaves grow.

When the seedling (young plant) grows above the soil, the leaves

can make food for the plant

Then the shoot grows Then the leaves grow.

When the seedling (young plant) grows above the soil, the leaves

can make food for the plant

seedling

leaves

stem shoot

roots seed

Trang 22

Observe how a seed grows

1

Plant your seed in soil in your clear (see-through) pot

Plant the seed at the side of the pot so you can observe (see)

how the seed grows

a Make a ‘germination diary’ like this

b On the different days, draw a picture to show how the seed

has grown

c Label the parts of the new plant as it grows.

How will you make sure that the seed germinates (starts to grow)?

Scientific word

observe

seed shoot root leaves seedling

Trang 23

Do plants need light to grow?

You know that plants

are living things

You know that seeds

do not need light to

germinate

You know that plants

need water to grow

Talk to a partner

How would you find

out if plants need light

to keep growing?

Talk partners

Scientific

word

predict

1

Rav and Roshan did a test to find out

if their plants needed light to keep growing

• Every day they watered both plants

with four spoons of water

• They kept a diary of what happened

to each plant over nine days

a Do the same test with a partner.

b Predict what you think will happen.

c Write your prediction by each plant

d Keep a diary of what happened.

Day 1 Day 3 Day 5 Day 7 Day 9

No light Light

I predict that

● two plants ● spoon

● card cone ● water

Trang 24

Measuring plants growing

Plants get taller as they grow

We can measure how much they grow each day.

You are going to learn how to use cubes to measure

how tall plants grow

1

Class 1 used cubes to measure a bean plant as it grew

Look at the table to see how tall the bean plant was on each day

Work with a partner Answer these questions

a How tall was the bean plant on Day 1?

b How tall was it on Day 4?

c How many more cubes had it grown from Day 4 to Day 6?

6 cubes 9 cubes 15 cubes 20 cubes

Scientific word

measure

Trang 25

Plants live in different places

Look at the pictures with a partner Talk about other places where

plants grow

Talk partners

Plants are found all over the world

Plants live where there is light and water

Plants live in dry places and in wet places

Plants live in hot places and in cold places

Plants live on mountains and in rivers

Plants live in dry places and in wet places

Plants live in hot places and in cold places

Trang 26

Plant detectives

2

a How many different plants

did you find in Activity 1?

b Photograph or draw the

plants you found

b Where do plants grow?

c Write down or draw where

you found plants

d If you have a camera, take

some photographs to show where the plants are growing

Try looking on walls, in soil,

or on a path

Which are the biggest and smallest plants?

Share what you found out in Activity 1 with a partner

a Has your partner found the

same or different plants?

b Did your partner find them

in the same places as you did?

Talk partners

Collect green leaves from different plants Stick them onto a sheet of paper

Start from the darkest green

End with the lightest green

Trang 27

Making a model plant

A model is a copy of something, such as

a model car or plane

Sometimes people make models from

different materials This model giraffe

is made from boxes and card

What will you use for the stem, roots, flower and leaves?

a Show your model to a

partner Ask your partner

to say what they think is good about your model

b Look at your partner’s

model Say what you think

is good about their model

Talk partners

Scientific word

model

1

Some Stage 1 learners made models

of plants They used lots of different

materials to make their plant models

When they finished, they made labels for

the different plant parts

a Make your own model plant.

b Label your plant

● clean junk materials

seeds

leaves

stem

roots flower

Trang 28

Save the plant

A houseplant is a plant that

people grow inside their homes

Houseplants are also living things

Humans need to look after

houseplants They are indoors

and cannot get water from rain

Houseplants are also living things

1

a What do you think this plant

needs?

b Draw a picture and write a

sentence Show what you would do to help the plant

b Look back through this unit

to find new plant words

c Write them on the leaves of

your plant

plant words

light leaf

Oh dear!

Someone has not looked after this houseplant

Trang 29

What have you learnt about plants?

You have been learning about plants Can you:

tell what is alive and what has never been alive?

say why plants are living things?

say what kind of plants there are in your school grounds

or at home?

name the different parts of a plant?

tell someone how to grow seeds into plants?

tell someone what they have to do to keep

a plant alive?

What can you remember?

1

Some Stage 1 learners made

flower faces They cut some card

into a flower shape

Then they glued a picture of

their face in the middle

of the flower

They wrote what they knew

about plants on the petals

plan

ts ha ve leaves

plan

ts need sunshine

● scissors

● card ● glue

● photograph or drawing of your face

a Make your own flower face

b Write what you know on

the petals

Trang 30

All about me!

You are going to learn about

yourself You are a human

You are a living thing

You are alive!

a How do you know that you

are a living thing?

b What things do you do that

show you are alive?

Talk partners

human living thing

alive eat move

grow sense breathe

Hint: Think about the

Talk partners activity

1

Make a book called ‘All about me!’

a Write your name.

b Draw a picture of where

you live

c Draw a picture of your family.

What picture will you draw

on the cover of your book?

All about me!

Trang 31

Same, similar and different

Humans are the same in many ways We

have two legs, two arms, a head and a body

All humans do not look exactly the same

Sometimes we look similar

Humans do not all like the same things

We are not all the same size We are different.

1

a Draw a picture of yourself in your ‘All about me!’ book

b Copy and complete these sentences:

My name is I am years old.

The colour of my eyes is .The colour of my hair is .

My favourite food is .

My favourite animal is .When I grow up, I want to be .

Show your ‘All about me!’ book to a partner

a How are you both the same?

b How are you different?

Talk partners

Trang 32

On the outside

Some of your body parts are on the outside

You can see them You are going to learn the

names of some body parts and how to spell them

Talk to a partner Help each other to name

some parts of your body

Talk partners

2

a Work with a partner Help each

other to learn how to spell these names of body parts:

b Test each other Can you both

spell the words? If you can, give each other a high five!

head arm leg hand foot

names of some body parts and how to spell them

a Lie on or stand against the

sheet of paper Ask a partner

to draw around your body

b Look at these names of body

parts

c Find the body parts on your

drawing Write the words next

to the parts

Lie on or stand against the

● large sheet of paper

● pencil ● sticky tape

1

head arm hand leg foot

shoulderelbow

chest wrist ankle knee

Trang 33

Spot differences and similarities

You know that humans are the

same in many ways We have legs,

arms, a head, elbows and feet

But all humans do not look the

same We are not all the same

size We have differences.

Some humans have

similarities Talk to a partner

about the people in this family

Talk partners

Some humans look the same

They are called

twins These

children are

twins

Did you know?

Some humans look the same

They are called

Work with a partner

Look carefully at each other

a How is your partner different

1

Work with a partner

a Use string to measure each

other’s height

b Who is tallest,

you or your partner?

c Copy and complete

the sentence below

Use one of these words:

I am than

my partner

differencessimilaritiesmeasureheight

● string ● scissors

taller shorter

Trang 34

Shoe sizes

You have been learning how

humans are the same or

similar, but different

Here is another way that

humans are the same or

similar, but different

You have been learning how

or bigger than yours?

Talk partners

a Do you think that everyone

in your class has the same size shoes?

b How could you find out?

c Find out if the tallest person

in your class has the biggest feet

1

Copy and complete this sentence in your ‘All about me!’ book

Use the words below

My shoe size is my partner’s

smaller than bigger than the same size as

lots of different shoes

Trang 35

My head and face

Humans are the same in other ways

We all have a head, eyes, ears, a nose and a mouth

But humans do not all look

the same Our head, eyes, ears,

nose and mouth are different

a How is your partner’s face

the same as yours?

b How is your partner’s face

b Draw your head and face

Fill a whole page

c Label the parts of your head

and face Use these words:

hair lips forehead

Draw as carefully

as you can

Humans are the same in other ways

We all have a head, eyes, ears, a nose and a mouth

Trang 36

Measure your head

Talk to a partner about this question:

Is your head bigger or smaller than my head?

a How will you find out?

b What will you do?

c What will you use?

Talk partners

2

a Compare the length of your head measurement with the head

measurement of other learners in your class

b How many learners have a bigger head than you?

c How many learners have a smaller head than you?

d Does anyone have the same size head as you?

1

a Try your idea from the Talk

partners box Take turns to measure each other’s head

b What did you find out?

c Copy and complete the

Trang 37

Learning new words

On page 33, you learnt the

names of different parts of

the face

Now you are going to learn

how to say, write and spell

the words

2

a Look at these words:

cheeklips chin mouth

b Learn to spell the words

above First, sound out each word Then write the words

Hint: Sound out each word

like this:

lips l - i - p - schin ch - incheek ch - ee - kmouth m - ou(ow) - th

c Say the words again

Write the words again

d Can you spell the words on

your own?

Ask a partner to test you

Then test your partner

1

Work with a partner

a Your partner will point to a

part of their face

b You must say which part it is.

cheek

Trang 38

The five senses – sight

Some parts of our body help

us to find out about the world

Humans have five senses

The five senses are sight (see),

touch (feel), hearing, taste

and smell.

Talk to a partner Which part

of your body do you use to:

1

We see things with our eyes

Sight is one of the five senses

We can find out what is around

us by using our eyes

Our eyes have different parts

a Look at this picture Then look

at your eyes in the mirror

b Look for the different parts of

your eye

eyebrow

eyelid eyelashes

pupil iris

sight touch hearing taste smell eyebrow eyelid eyelashes iris pupil

● mirror

Trang 39

Your eyes

1

You use your eyes to see

Your eyes have different parts

Look in the mirror

a What are your eyes like?

b What shape are they?

c What colour are they?

2

Do these things in your

‘All about me!’ book:

a Draw a big picture of your

out of your eyes.

Eyelids shut out

light so that you

can sleep Eyelids

also stop things

from getting into

your eyes.

Eyelashes help to

protect your eyes

from dust and sand.

The pupil lets light into your eye so that you can see.

The iris lets light into your eye.

You use your eyes to see

● mirror

Trang 40

What can you see?

2

Find out what it is like to write without being able to see

a Keep your eyes open Write your name on some paper

b Now close your eyes and write your name.

c Which is better – writing your name with your eyes open or closed?

d Write some other things First, keep your eyes open

Then close your eyes

1

You are going to find out why both eyes are

important

a Keep both eyes open Look straight in front

of you What can you see?

b Close one eye Keep the other eye open

What can you see? Can you see more

with both eyes open or with one eye?

c Now close your other eye.

d Which is better – one eye or two eyes?

Which way of writing is better?

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