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Trang 1TỔNG HỢP LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP VỀ TO V VÀ V-ING PHẦN A: LÝ THUYẾT
1 Những động từ thông dụng theo sau là “to V”
Có 2 trường hợp:
a [Công thức: S + V + to V]
Afford: đủ khả năng Appear: xuất hiện Fail: thất bại Arrange: sắp xếp
Bear: chịu đựng Begin: bắt đầu Choose: lựa chọn Promise: hứa
Decide: quyết định Expect: mong đợi Wish: ước Refuse: từ chối
Learn: học hỏi Hesitate: do dự Intend: dự định Prepare: chuẩn bị
Manage: thành công Neglect: thờ ơ Propose: đề xuất Offer: đề nghị
Pretend: giả vờ Seem: dường như Swear: thề Want: muốn
b [Công thức: S + V + O + to V]
Advise: khuyên Ask: hỏi Encourage: động viên Forbid: cấm
Permit: cho phép Remind: nhắc nhở Allow: cho phép Expect: mong đợi
Invite: mời Need: cần Order: ra lệnh Persuade: thuyết phục
Request: yêu cầu Want: muốn Wish: ước Instruct: hướng dẫn
Mean: nghĩa là Force: ép buộc Teach: dạy Tempt: xúi giục
2 Những động từ theo sau là “V-ing”
Anticipate: Tham gia Avoid: Tránh Delay: Trì hoãn Postpone: Trì hoãn
Quit: Bỏ Admit: chấp nhận Deny: từ chối Mention: đề cập
Suggest: gợi ý Urge: thúc giục Discuss: thảo luận Urge: thúc giục
Continue: tiếp tục Involve : bao gồm Keep: giữ Practice: thực hành
Dislike: ko thích Mind: quan tâm Enjoy: thích Love: yêu
Hate: ghét Resent: gửi lại Tolerate: cho phép Resist: chống cự
Recall: nhắc Consider: cân nhắc Understand: hiểu Imagine: tưởng tượng
Ngoài ra, những cụm từ sau cũng theo sau là V-ing:
- It’s no use/It’s no good
- There’s no point (in)
- It’s (not) worth
- Have difficult (in)
- It’s a waste of time/money
- Spend/waste time/money
- Be/get used to
- Be/get accustomed to
Trang 2- Do/Would you mind ?
- Be busy doing something
- What about ? How about ?
-
3 Những động từ theo sau gồm cả “to V” và “V-ing”:
Advise, attempt, commence, begin, allow, cease, continue, dread, forget, hate, intend, leave,
like, love, mean, permit, prefer, propose, regret, remember, start, study, try, can’t bear,
recommend, need, want, require
Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)
Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì
Eg:
- Stop smoking: dừng hút thuốc
- Stop to smoke: dừng lại để hút thuốc
Remember/forget/regret to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại – tương lai)
Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)
Eg:
- Remember to send this letter (Hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này)
- Don’t forget to buy flowers (Đừng quên mua hoa nhé)
- I regret to inform you that the train was cancelled (Tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin – cho anh rằng
chuyến tàu đã bị hủy)
- I paid her $2 I still remember that I still remember paying her $2 (Tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la rồi)
- She will never forget meeting the Queen (Cô ấy không bao giờ quên lần gặp nữ hoàng)
- He regrets leaving school early It is the biggest mistake in his life (Anh ấy hối tiếc vì đã bỏ
học quá sớm)
Try to V: cố gắng làm gì
Try V-ing: thử làm gì
Eg:
- I try to pass the exam (Tôi cố gắng vượt qua kỳ thi)
- You should try unlocking the door with this key (Bạn nên thử mở cửa với chiếc khóa này)
Like V-ing: Thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thường thức
Like to do: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết
Eg:
- I like watching TV
- I want to have this job I like to learn English
Prefer V-ing to V-ing: thích làm gì hơn hơn làm gì
Prefer + to V + rather than (V): thích làm gì hơn hơn làm gì
Eg:
Trang 3- I prefer driving to traveling by train
- I prefer to drive rather than travel by train
Mean to V: Có ý định làm gì
Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì
Eg:
- He doesn’t mean to prevent you from doing that (Anh ấy không có ý ngăn cản bạn làm việc
đó.)
- This sign means not going into (Biển báo này có ý nghĩa là không được đi vào trong.)
Need to V: cần làm gì
Need V-ing: cần được làm gì (= need to be done)
Eg:
- I need to go to school today
- Your hair needs cutting (= your hair needs to be cut)
Used to V: đã từng/thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
Be/Get used to V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
Eg:
- I used to get up early when I was young (Tôi thường dậy sớm khi còn trẻ)
- I’m used to getting up early (Tôi quen với việc dậy sớm rồi)
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + Object + to V: khuyên/cho phép/ đề nghị ai làm gì
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + V-ing: khuyên/cho phép, đề nghị làm gì
Eg:
- He advised me to apply at once
- He advised applying at once
- They don’t allow us to park here
- They don’t allow parking here
See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V-ing: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói
chỉ chứng kiến 1 phần của hành động
See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói
chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động
Eg:
- I see him passing my house everyday
- She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising
- We saw him leave the house
- I heard him make arrangements for his journey
Sau đây là một số bài tập luyện tập cách sử dụng Ving và to-V Vn.Doc biên soạn và sưu tập
PHẦN B: VÍ DỤ
I Chia động từ trong ngoặc
Trang 41 I can’t imagine Peter _ (go) by bike
2 He agreed _ (buy) a new car
3 The question is easy _ (answer)
4 The man asked me how _ (get) to the airport
5 I look forward to _ (see) you at the weekend
6 Are you thinking of _ (visit) London?
7 We decided _ (run) through the forest
8 The teacher expected Sarah _ (study) hard
9 She doesn’t mind _ (work) the night shift
10 I learned _ (ride) the bike at the age of 5
II Put the verb into the correct form To Infinitive or Gerund
1 When i’m tired I enjoy TV It’s relaxing (watch)
2 It was a nice day, so we decided for a walk (go)
3 It’s a nice day Does anyone fancy for a walk? (go)
4 I’m not in a hurry I don’t mind (wait)
5 They don’t have much money They can’t afford out very often (go)
6 I wish that dog would stop It’s driving me mad (bark)
7 Our neighbour threatened the police if we didn’t stop the noise (call)
8 We were hungry, so i suggested _ dinner early (have)
9 Hurry up! I don’t want to risk the rain (miss)
10 I’m still looking for a job, but i hope something soon (find)
III Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses
1 She is good at (dance) ………
2 He is crazy about (sing) ………
3 I don't like (play) ……… cards
4 They are afraid of (swim) ……… in the sea
5 You should give up (smoke) ………
IV Multiple choice
1 I dream about … (build) a big house
A To build
B Build
C Building
2 I learned …… (ride) the bike at the age of 5
A To ride
B Riding
C Ride
Trang 53 She doesn't mind … (work) the night shift
A Working
B To work
C Work
4 The man asked me how … (get) to the airport
A To get
B Getting
C Get
5 I can't imagine Peter … (go) by bike
A To go
B going
C Went
6 He agreed … (buy) a new car
A To buy
B Buying
C Buy
7 The question is easy … (answer)
A To answer
B Answer
C Answering
8 I look forward to … (see) you at the weekend
A See
B Seeing
C no see
9 The teacher expected … Sarah (study) hard
A To study
B Studying
C Study
10 I enjoy … (write) picture postcards
A Writing
B To write
C Write
V Rewrite the sentences:
1 I like making crafts especially bracelet
-> I enjoy
2 Minh doesn't like making models because it is very boring
Trang 6-> Minh detests ………
3 My brother likes making pottery because it is a creative activity
-> My brother is hooked
4 Ngoc hates sitting at the computer for too long
-> Ngoc dislikes ………
5 We enjoy doing gardening because it is very relaxing
-> We are keen ………
ĐÁP ÁN
I Chia động từ trong ngoặc
1 - going; 2 - to buy; 3 - to answer; 4 - to get; 5 - seeing;
6 - visiting; 7 - to run; 8 - to study; 9 - working; 10 - to ride
II Put the verb into the correct form To Infinitive or Gerund
1 - watching; 2 - to go; 3 - going;
4 - waiting; 5 - to go; 6 - barking;
7 - to call; 8 - having; 9 - missing; 10 - to find;
III Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses
1 Dancing
2 Singing
3 Playing
4 Swimming
5 Smoking
IV Multiple choice
1 C 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 B
6 A 7 A 8 B 9 A 10 A
V Rewrite the sentences:
1 I enjoy making crafts especially bracelet
2 Minh detests making models because it is very boring
3 My brother is hooked on making pottery because it is a creative activity
4 Ngoc dislikes sitting at the computer for too long
5 We are keen on doing gardening because it is very relaxing
PHẦN C: BÀI TẬP
Bài tập áp dụng dạng từ Ving và to-V
Exercise 1:
1 My father usually helps me _ English
a to learn b lean c learning d both a and b
Trang 72 He was heard _ shout
a to b of c by d at
3 This student expected _ the first winner of the Grand Prix
a be b being c to be d will be
4 I told her _ about her wedding; everything will straighten out
a Don't worry b not to worry c no worry d not worry
5 May I suggest you let _
a Mary doing so b Mary do so c Mary does to d Mary to do so
6 She _ him when he called her
a pretended not hear b pretended she heard not
c pretended not to hear d did not pretend hear
7 The doctor advised _ late
a me not staying up b me not stay up c me not to stay up d I did not stay up
8 The school superintendent told me _
a hurrying up b to hurry up c hurry up d hurried up
9 " _us face the enemies", shouted the soldiers
a Make b Let c Leave d Keep
10 Mr Brown told the schoolgirls _ in class
a don't ear b not to eat c eat not d not eat
11 I have heard Dang Thai Son _ the piano
a played b plays c play d to play
12 The young teachers wanted a Foreign Language Teaching workshop _ in Ho Chi
Minh City
a to be holding b should hold c to be held d to hold
13 _able to take part in the international math contest two years from now, Son works
very hard in his math lass
a In order to be b Being c Been d So that he be
14 Try _ so many mistakes
a not to make b not make c to make not d make not
15 Let me _ from you soon
a to hear b hear c hearing d heard
16 John is too stupid _ understand this
a to b not to c to not d for
17 The wind is _ to blow the roof off
a strong enough b too strong c quiet strong d very strong
18 My father is _ to stay up late
a too tired b enough tired c tired enough d so tired
Trang 819 John wanted me _ him
a to be helping b help c to help d I help
20 I want _ early tomorrow morning
a to leave b leaving c me leave d me leaving
ĐÁP ÁN
Exercise 2:
1 I hope _
a to see you there b seeing you there c you to see there d see you there
2 I taught _
a how mending a shirt b him how to mend a shirt
c how mend a shirt d him how mend a shirt
3 I told _
a Nam to come b to come Nam c to Nam come d Nam come
4 My father has decided _ a new house
a find b to find c finding d him find
5 Mother warned _ the electric plug
a here not to touch b her touching not c her not touch d not touch
6 Don't tell Tan because I don't want _
a him to know b know c him know d knowing
7 She explained _
a how to make it b me how to make it c me to make it d me make it
8 Miss Brown told Mary _ down
a sit b to sit c sitting d sat
9 She told Mary _ up hope
a not give b do not give c not to give d to give not
10 Michael Faraday wrote a litter to Sir Humphry Davy _ for work
a asked b to ask c so to ask d in order to asking
11 Do you know _ to play that game now?
a way b what c if d how
12 She is very glad _ see you again
a in b with c to d for
13 He noticed two thieves _ out of a shop
a to come b are coming c in coming d come
14 When will he be allowed to go home? When will they _?
Trang 9a let him go b let to go c leave him to go d leave him
15 The guide encouraged the tourists _ the Prado Museum Madrid
a visit b to visit c visiting d to visiting
16 Mow that were finished painting the house, there's nothing left _
a done b did c to do d for doing
17 The superintendent promised to tear down and _ the fire damaged school building
a rebuild b to rebuild c rebuilding d to rebuilding
18 The mechanic needs _ a new muffler on your car
a to put b putting c to be put d to putting
19 Our house needs _
a to paint b to be painting c to be paint d painting
20 Do you want _ by the doctor?
a to examine b to be examined c being examined d being to examine
ĐÁP ÁN
Exercise 3 Give the correct form of the word in brackets
1 They are used to (prepare) _ new lessons
2 By (work) _ day and night , he succeeded in ( finish) _ the job in time
3 His doctor advised him (give) _up (smoke) _
4 Please stop (talk) _ We will stop (eat) _lunch in ten minutes
5 Stop (argue) _and start (work) _
6 I like (think) _carefully about things before (make) _decision
7 Ask him (come) _in Don't keep him (stand) _at the door
8 Did you succeed in (solve) _the problem?
9 Don’t forget (lock) _ the door before (go) _ to bed
10 Don’t try (persuade) _ me Nothing can make me (change) _ my mind
Exercise 4: Chia các động từ trong ngoặc sau đây thành dạng To V hoặc V-ing
1 Nam suggested (talk) the children to school yesterday
2 They decided _ (play) tennis with us last night
3 Mary helped me (repair) this fan and _ (clean) the house
4 We offer (make) a plan
5 We required them (be) on time
6 Kim wouldn’t recommend him _ (go) here alone
7 Before (go) to bed, my mother turned off the lights
8 Minh is interested in (listen) to music before _ (go) to bed
Trang 109 This robber admitted (steal) the red mobile phone last week
10 Shyn spends a lot of money (repair) her car
11 It took me 2 hours _ (buy) the clothes and shoes
12 Do you have any money (pay) for the hat?
13 Would you like (visit) my grandparents in Paris?
14 Don’t waste her time _(complain) about her salary
15 That questions need _ (reply)
16 Viet is used to (cry) when he faces his difficulties
17 It’s time they stopped (work) here
18 Will she remember _ (collect) his suit from the dry – cleaners or shall I do it?
19 Jim forgot (send) this message last night
20 Hung stopped (eat) meat yesterday
Exercise 5: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong câu dưới (nếu có)
1 Yesterday, Minh didn’t want to coming to the theater with them because he had already seen the film
2 My brother used to running a lot but he doesn’t do it usually now
3 They’re going to have a small party celebrating their house at 7 p.m tomorrow
4 Wind tried to avoiding answering her questions last night
5 Khanh don’t forget post that letter that his mother gave him this evening
Exercise 6: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi
1 It isn’t necessary to play football with my best friends today
➔ You don’t
2 “Why don’t we visit her parents next week?”
➔ You suggested
3 Thanh spends 3 hours a day doing the homework
➔ It takes …
➔ Thanh wastes …
4 Hanh said to him: “Remember to close all the window and turn off the lights before going
out”
➔ Hanh reminded _
5 Linh told him: “Don’t forget to repair my bicycle”
➔ Linh told him _
ĐÁP ÁN Exercise 3 Give the correct form of the word in brackets
1 - preparing
2 - working – finishing