Hiện nay, ngày càng nhiều doanh nghiệp dựa vào sự phát triển của các ứng dụng, nền tảng công nghệ thông tin qua Internet và công nghệ điện toán đám mây để cung cấp những dịch vụ công nghệ thông tin theo một cách thức tiết kiệm chi phí. Điện toán đám mây là sự phát triển tiếp tục của điện toán lưới, điện toán đám mây đem lại cho các doanh nghiệp, đặc biệt các doanh nghiệp nhỏ và vừa cơ hội triển khai ứng dụng thương mại điện tử, kinh doanh điện tử với các yêu cầu tối thiểu về tài chính, hạ tầng công nghệ và nhân lực.
Trang 1DIEN y^fiN Dfiti M^Y - XU HU^dNG Mdl
TRONG CONG NGHE THONG TIN
Vfi CtIG DUNG TRONG KINH DOfiNH DIEN TCT
Nguyen W n Minh
wji
in& thdn
fiin nay, ngay cang nhieu doanh nghidp doa vao sO phat trien cua cac Ong dung, ndn tang cdng 'nghd thdng tin qua Internet va cdng nghd didn toan dam may de cung cap nhOng djch vu cdng ngne thdng tin theo mdt each thOc tid't kidm chi phi Didn toan dam mSy la so phat trien tiep fyc cua diSn toan lodi, didn toan tidn ich DiSn toan dam may dem lai cho cac doanh nghidp, dSc bidt cac doanh nghidp nhd va vOa cd hdi triSn khai Ong dung thOdng mai didn tO, kinh doanh dien tO vdi cac yeu cau tdi thieu ve tai chinh, ha tdng cdng nghd va nhin loe Trdn khap the gidi, hidn tOdng didn toan dam may dang dode ndi tdi nho mdt xu hodng mdi cua nganh cdng nghd thdng tin va Ong dung trong kinh doanh didn to Vdi nhOng ou diem vUdt trdi nho trdn, nd da gianh dOdc so quan tam nghien cOu va bat dau Ong dung trien khai d Vidt Nam
1 Dien toan lUdi, dien toan ti$n fch va di$n
toan dam may
* Didn toan lodi (Grid Computing): didn toan ludi
la sfl ket hpp cac ngudn Iflc tinh toan tfl nhieu khu
vuc hanh chinh nham giai quyet mdt bai toan chung
nao dd, cd the' la mpt van de khoa hpc, ky thuat
ho§c kinh doanh ddi hdi mpt sd lupng rat Idn cac
chu trinh tinh toan can thiet de' xO ly nhflng sd Ifldng
Idn dfl lidu Didn toan Ifldi cho phep nang cao hieu
qua hoat ddng cua mang Ifldi may tinh nhd vide huy
ddng dupc cac chu trinh xO ly chua dupc sO dgng tdi
cua tat ca cac may tinh trong mpt mgng dd' tgo ra
nang Iflc tinh toan manh me Didn toan Ifldi dieu
phdi vide sO dung mpt sd lopng Idn cac may chu,
lam cho chOng hoat dpng nhfl mpt may tinh Cac
van de lidn quan den xung nhpn (spike - sfl tang
cao ddt bien) ve nhu cau dupe giai quydt ma khdng
can phai duy tri cac nang Iflc dfl trfl
* Dien toan tidn ich (Utility Computing): didn
toan tidn ich dfla tren nen tang cdng nghd cua
didn toan ludi ket hpp cac ngudn Iflc tinh toan va
cung cap cac djch vg didn toan cd the' do dac
dupc, tOPng to cac tidn ich cdng cdng nhfl didn,
nfldc, gas ho§c mang dien thoai Hp thdng nay cd
tinh flu vidt do mang lai kha nang cho doanh
nghidp khdng can chi phi ban dau de' mua sam
phan cflng, ho§c giam cd ban ve chi phi ban dau
Thay vao dd, cac ngudn Iflc dien toan cd thd' thud theo mflc dp can thiet Khach hang vdi cac nhu cau didn toan rat Idn, ho§c cd nhu cau didn toan tang cao ddt xuat nhd cac ngudn loai lUc nay cd thd' tranh dupc cac sfl ngflng trd trong cdng vide Didn toan tidn ich la ky thuat tinh toan ludn san cd, tin cay, an toan va hieu qua, phai tra tien trdn cd
sd lupng sO dgng, dupc thay dd'i quy md mpt each nang dpng, tU sOa chfla, de'quan ly
* Dien toan dam may (Cloud Computing): thudt
ngO Didn toan dam may ra ddi vao khoang giOa nam 2007 "Dam may" d day thflc te la mdt tap hpp nhieu may chu dupc bd tri tap trung va tO xa
so vdi cac may ngOdi dung Didn toan dam may la mdt each thflc td chflc cdng nghd didn toan mdi phat trie'n, sO dgng Internet va cac may chCi tap trung tfl xa dd' duy tri dfl lidu va cac Ong dgng Didn toan dam may cho phep ngodi tidu dung va doanh nghidp sO dgng cac flng dgng ma khdng can cai dSt chung trong may cua minh va truy cap vao cac files dfl lidu tai bat ky may tinh nao cd ket ndi Internet Cdng nghd didn toan dam may cho phep sO dgng mpt each cd hieu qua cac tai nguyen cdng nghd thdng tin thdng qua vide tap
PGS TS., Trudng D^i hgc Thuang m^i
KHOA HOC
Trang 2Y SCIEN T R A O D O I
trung hda bd nhd, luu trfl va xO ly bang thdng
Trong mdi trudng cdng nghd thdng tin truyen
thdng, mpt cdng ty khi mudn trang b| cho cac nhan
vien may tinh de' lam viec, ngoai vide mua cac
may tinh, cdng ty cdn phai mua ca ban quyen
phan mem cung toan bp cac cdng cu can thiet
khac Trong mdi trudng dien toan dam may, thay
vi phai di den tOng may tinh de cai tOng bp phan
mem, cdng ty chi can tai mdt Ong dgng duy nhat,
Ong dgng nay se cho phep nhan vidn dang nhap
vao mpt d|ch vg Web cd chOa toan bp nhOng
chOdng trinh ma ngudi dd can cho cdng vide cua
minh Trong khi may tinh cua mpt cdng ty khac d
each dd hang nghin dam cd thd' chay mpi thO, tO
Ong dgng tho dien tO cho tdi chUdng trinh xO ly van
ban va phan mem phan tich dO lieu
Vdi mdt he thdng didn toan dam may, sfl phan
cdng cdng vide cd sfl chuyen dich dang ke' Cac
may tinh dia phfldng khdng can phai lam tat ca
nhOng vide tdn nhieu cdng sOc bang Ong dgng cua
minh nfla, thay vao dd, mang Ifldi may tinh lam
nen "dam may" se quan ly vide nay, do vay ydu
cau ve phan cflng va phan mem ben phia ngudi
dung cung se giam di ThO duy nhat ma may tinh
ngudi dung can cd la phan mem giao dien cua he
thdng dam may - mdt thO cung ddn gian nhu trinh
duyet Web, sau dd mang lodi may se lo lieu mpi
thO cdn lai
Cung tOPng tfl nhu khi chung ta dung cac dich
vu thu dien tO (YahpolMail hay Gmail) chinh la
chung ta da sO dung mdt dang thflc nha't dmh cua
dien toan dam may Phan mem mail va toan bd dfl
lieu thu tfl deu khdng dupc lUU lai trdn may tinh
cua chung ta - nd nam trong dam may cua nha
cung cap d|ch vg
Cac phan nhanh cua dign toan dam may
Dien toan dam may dupc chia thanh ba phan
nhanh: phan nhanh "Ong dgng", phan nhanh "nen
tang" va phan nhanh "cau trOc ha tang" Mdi phan
nhanh phuc vg mpt mgc dich khac nhau va cung
cap cac san pham khac nhau cho doanh nghiep
va ca nhan
* Phan nhanh Ong dung, hay cdn gpi la cung cap
Phan mem nhu mdt djch vu (SaaS - Sofware as a
Service), la mpt md hinh khai thac phan mem thdng
qua viec nha cung Ong cap phep sO dung phan
mem cho cac khach hang nho mpt dich vg theo ydu
cau Nha cung cap dich vu theo yeu cau cd thd' luu
tru phan mem Ong dgng tai may chu Web cua minh
hoac tai Ong dung xudng may cua khach, va lam vd
hieu hda nd sau khi khach hang ket thuc sO dung phan mem hoac sau khi het han hpp ddng sO dung Cho den nay, day la phan nhanh duy nhat da chOng
td la cd hieu qua nhfl mpt md hinh kinh doanh Bang each van hanh cac Ong dgng kinh doanh tO cac may chu tap trung tdt hdn so vdi tO cac may chu tai chd", cac cdng ty cd the cat giam dang kd' mpt sd chi phi HPn nfla, do loai trfl dope cac chi phi duy tri, chi phi cap phep sO dung va chi phi can thiet de van hanh phan cOng, cac cdng ty cd the sO dgng cac Ong dgng mdt each cd hieu qua hdn trdn gdc dd ky thuat tinh toan
Cac d|ch vu cung cap phan mem theo yeu cau bao gdm mdt vai bien thd' phan biet theo phUdng thOc dmh gia chung va each ma chung dupc phan phdi den ngodi dung cudi cung Trong qua khO, nhin chung ngodi dung cudi cung phai mua quyen
sO dgng tO nha cung Ong phan mem, sau dd cai dat va van hanh phan mem trflc tiep tfl cac may chu tai chd! Bang each sO dgng d|ch vg phan mem theo ydu cau, ngudi dung cudi cOng chi phai tra cho ngodi cung Ong dich vg phan mem phi dang
ky sO dung dich vg Phan mem dope lou tru trflc tiep tai cac may chu cua ngudi cung cap d|ch vg phan mem va dupe ngOdi dung truy cap tdi qua Internet Day la md hinh phd bien nhat trong vide cung cap cac d|ch vg phan mem theo ydu cau Tuy nhien, tdn tai cac md hinh cung flng d|ch vg vdi mdt vai diem khac biet, dflpc coi nhfl cac md hinh hdn hpp Vi du, mpt chflpng trinh ma qua dd ngudi dung cudi cung tra phi quyen sO dgng, sau
dd truy cap tdi cac may chu tap trung qua Internet, dupc coi la md hinh hdn hdp
NgUdi ta phan biet bdn mflc dp chin mudi cua cac d|ch vg cung cap phan mem theo yeu cau:
MOc 1 - Mflc khach hang ngoai le O mflc nay,
mdi khach hang cd mpt phien ban phan mem flng dgng dflpc Iflu tru rieng cua minh va van hanh phien ban dd tren cac may chu luu tru Vide chuye'n ddi tfl c^c flng dung khdng ket ndi mang truyen thdng hoac flng dgng may chu - may khach tdi mflc dich vu cung Ong phan mem nay ddi hdi cac nd'lOc phat trien tdi thie'u va cho phep giam chi phi van hanh bang vide tap hpp phan cflng va quan tr| may chu /
MOc 2 - Mflc cau hinh MOc cau hinh cho phep
dam bao tinh mem deo cua chOdng trinh cao hdn thdng qua cac sidu dO lieu cau hinh, sao cho nhieu khach hang cd thd' sfl dgng cac phien ban khac nhau cua cung mpt ma Ong dung Dieu nay cho
_KH0AH0(; =3=
Trang 3;rjEi^ TRAO IfTTil
phep ngodi cung flng djch vg dap Ong cac ddi hdi
khac nhau cua mdi khach hang thdng qua cac lUa
chpn cau hinh dUdc chi tiet hda, ddng thdi ddn gian
hoa vide duy tri va cap nhat cd sd dfl lieu ma chung
Mu'c 3 - Mflc cau hinh - Nhieu ngudi thud - Hieu
qua MOc ba bd sung them tinh trang nhieu ngodi
thue vao mflc hai, sao cho mpt phien ban chflpng
trinh duy nhat phgc vu dflpc tat ca khach hang
Cach tiep can nay cho phep sO dgng cd hieu qua
hdn cac ngudn Igc may chu ma khdng cd mdt sg
khac biet the' hidn rd nao ddi vdi ngudi dung cudi
cung, nhung cd nhupc diem la han che kha nang
chm tai bd sung cua he thdng
MOc 4 Chiu tai Cau hinh Nhieu ngUdi thud
-Hieu qua MOc bdn dope tang cOdng kha nang chm
tai bd sung thdng qua mdt cau true da lien ket hd'trp
cum can bang tai cac phidn ban Ong dgng ddng
nhat, van hanh tre" •^'''t lopng may chu thay ddi
Nha cung Ong cd the tang hoac giam cdng suat cua
he thdng de' phu hpp vdi nhu cau bang viec bd sung
hoac giam bdt cac may chu ma khdng can thay ddi
cau true cac phan mem Ong dgng
Tren the gidi hidn nay, cac cdng ty
Salesforce.com, Google, NetSuite, Taleo, Concur
Technologies hoat dpng nhu cac nha cung cap
phan mem theo ydu cau, thu phi dang ky tfl khach
hang va Iflu tru cac phan mem tai cac may chu tap
trung cua minh, khach hang truy cap tdi cae phan
mem dd qua Internet
Ddi lap vdi cac cdng ty ndi trdn, nhieu cdng ty
hoat ddng nho cac nha cung cap phan mem
truyen thdng Cac cdng ty nay ban quyen sO dgng
phan mem cho khach hang, sau dd lap dat phan
mem nay tai may chu cua khach hang Cac cdng
ty ndi trdn bao gdm cac ten tudi Idn nhu SAP AG,
Oracle, Lawson Software, Blackboard
* Phan nhanh nen tang, hay cdn gpi la Nen
tang nhu mdt djch vu (PaaS - Platform as a
Service): la vide phan phdi mpt nen tang didn toan
va td hpp giai phap nhU mpt d|ch vg, nd cd tac
ddng thuan Ipi hda vide khai thac cac Ong dgng
ma khdng can chi phi va lam mat di tinh phOc tap
lien quan den cac Idp phan cOng va phan mem,
ddng thdi cung cap tat ca cac phfldng tidn can
thiet nham hd'trd cho mdt chu trinh sdng day du
cua viec xay dgng, phan phdi cac flng dung va
dich vg Web hoan toan san cd tO Internet ma
khdng can phai tai ve hoac cai dat phan mem cho
cac nha phat trid'n Ong dgng, cac nha quan ly cdng
nghe thdng tin va ngudi dung cudi cung
KHOA HOC
66 Thuang Mai
Cac Nen tang nhu mdt djch vu dUde cung cap
bao gdm cac cdng cg xO ly phgc vg cdng vide thiet
ke Ong dgng, phat trie'n Ong dgng, thO nghiem, khai thac va lou tru, cac d|ch vg khac nhu hpp tac theo nhdm, tich hpp va di chuyd'n d|ch vg Web, tich hpp dfl lieu, an ninh, tang kha nang xO ly, luu trfl, tai sO dung dfl lieu, quan tri trang thai, tao lap cac phien ban flng dgng, cung cap cac cdng cu flng dgng va cac cdng cu cho cdng ddng cac nha phat trie'n phan mem Cac d|ch vg nay dflpc cung cap nhfl mpt giai phap tich hpp qua Web
Nhieu cdng ty khdi dau bang vide cung cap cac djch vg phan mem theo yeu cau, ddng thdi cung phat trid'n cac d|ch vg nen tang Phan nhanh nen tang bao gdm cac san pham cho phep khai thac cac flng dgng Cac nen tang dflpc cac ddi tac, ddi khi la cac khach hang cung cap Vi dg Website Saleforce.com cd nen tang force.com cho phep ngUdi dang ky sfl dgng truy cap cac flng dung cua site qua Internet Cac hang nhu NetSuite, Amazon, Google va Microsoft cung da phat trie'n cac nen tang cho phep ngudi dung truy cap cac flng dgng tfl cac may chu tap trung
Vao thang 7 nam 2008, cac hang HP, Yahoo
va Intel da cdng bd mpt du an nghien cOu chung
"Nen thO nghiem didn toan dam may" Cac cdng
ty nay phdi hpp thiet ke va xay dflng mdt nen tang thO nghiem dfla tren Internet nham thuc day phat trid'n cac cdng nghd didn toan dam may Nen thO nghiem dflpc bat dau trid'n khai tai d|a phfldng, mdi ndi lou tru cd sd ha tang cua dien toan dam may, sO dung phan cflng cua HP va cac bp xO ly cua Intel
* Phan nhanh cd sd ha tang hay Cd sd ha tang
nho mdt dich vu (Infrastructure as a Service -laaS)
la vide phan phdi ha tang may tinh (did'n hinh la mdi trfldng ao hda nen tang) nhfl mpt d|ch vg La phan nhanh cudi cung cua dien toan dam may, nd la xfldng sdng cua toan bp he thdng Cac nha cung flng cP sd ha tang cung c^p khdng gian luu trfl vat
ly va cac nang luc xO ly cho tat ca cac d|ch vu ndi trdn Cac san pham trong phan nhanh nay tUdng ddi da dang so vdi cac phan nhanh khac, trong sd
dd cd cac san pham nhu quan ly luu tru, cac mdi trudng phat trid'n (vi du bd cdng cg Google) cho phep ngudi dflng to xay dflng cac flng dgng
Cac khdi cd sd ha tang ao nay la mdt minh chflng cho xu hudng "mpi cai deu la djch vg" va Chung mang nhieu d§c tinh chung Khach hang thay vi phai mua sam cac may chu, phan mem
So 37/2010
Trang 4khdng gian cho trung tam dfl lieu va thiet b| mang,
tdt hdn het la mua cac ngudn Iflc nay nhfl mdt d|ch
vy bdn ngoai day du D|ch vu dupc tinh tien trdn cd
sd didn toan tidn ich va sd lupng ngudn Iflc dflpc
tidu thg (va tUdng Ong vdi nd la chi phi), mflc tidu thg
nay ddng thdi se phan anh mOc dp hoat dpng cua
doanh nghiep Dd cung la su tien hda trong cdng
nghd luu tru Web va cung flng may chu ao
Cac thanh phan cd ban cua Cd sd ha tang nho
mot djch vu bao gdm: cac thda thuan ve tidn ich;
vide tinh chi phi dfla trdn cd sd didn toan tidn ich
(vi du theo gid sO dgng); mdi trodng ao hda nen
tang de' van hanh may chu ao danh cho khach
hang; phan cflng may tinh (thodng dope tao lap
nho mdt Ifldi ddi vdi cac nhu cau cd quy md Idn
theo chieu ngang); mang may tinh (bao gdm bflc
tudng lOa, can bang tai ) va ket ndi Internet
Cac dac tinh cd ban cua Cd sd ha tang nhU
mot djch vu bao gdm: ngudn Iflc dupe phan phdi
nhu mdt dfch vg (cac may chu, thiet b| mang, bd
nhd, trung tam xO ly dfl lieu, khdng gian dTa, cac
trang thiet b| trung tam dfl lieu); xac dmh quy m d
cd sd ha tang mpt each ddng, cho phep tang hoac
giam quy md dfla trdn cac nhu cau ve ngudn Iflc
Ong dgng; d|ch vu chi phi thay ddi sO dung cac
ddn gia cd dmh ddi vdi mdi thanh phan ngudn Igc;
nhieu ngfldi cung thud ddng thdi cac ngudn Iflc cd
sd ha tang; cd sd ha tang Idp doanh nghidp cho
phep cac cdng ty cd quy md vfla thu dflpc Ipi ich
to cac td hpp ngudn loc didn toan
Trdn the gidi, cac nha cung Ong cd sd ha tang
didn toan dam may dien hinh la Google (quan ly
luu tru va mdi trudng phat trid'n), IBM (quan ly luu
tru), SAVVIS (quan ly luu tru), Terremark
Woridwide (quan ly lOu tru), Amazon.com (luu trfl
dam may)
2 Mpt so trd ngai lien quan den cdng ngh#
dien toan dam may
Mdi lo ngai Idn nhat cua doanh nghidp va ngodi
dung ddi vdi cdng nghd didn toan dam may chinh
la tinh an ninh va rieng to Khdng cd gi dang ngac
nhien khi nhflng ndi lo ve bao mat la yeu td hang
dau can trd doanh nghidp sO dgng didn toan dam
may Nhieu doanh nghidp va ngUdi dung khdng
dam giao phd nhflng dfl lieu quan trpng cho mpt
cdng ty khac lUu trfl va quan ly Cac doanh nghidp
cung ngan ngai khi de cap den cdng nghd didn
toan dam may bdi khi dd hp khdng thd' to bao vd
thdng tin mat cua minh mdt each chu ddng dope
Tuy nhidn, nhieu ngfldi phan ddi quan diem
nay cho rang cac cdng ty cung cap d|ch vg didn toan dam may tdn tai nhd danh tieng cua hp Vide dam bao sg an toan cho khach hang da lam ndn ldi nhuan cho nhflng cdng ty nay, neu khdng hp se mat tat ca khach hang dang cd Khi sO dgng nhflng cdng nghd tdi tan nhat dd' bao vd dfl lieu khach hang, cac cdng ty cung cap dang bao vd Ipi ich cua chinh minh
Theo mpt cudc khao sat vao thang 8 nam 2008 cua trang web CIO.com, 59% trong sd 173 lanh dao doanh nghidp va cdng nghd thdng tin cho rang cac nha cung cap djch vg chua quan tam dung mOc den nhOng dieu lo ngai ve bao mSt cua hp
Theo npi dung khao sat ve nhflng mdi lo ngai Idn nhat bao trum len vide sO dgng didn toan dam may tai doanh nghidp, 45% ngudi dupc hdi cho rang van de bao mat la mdi lo ngai Idn nhat Trong khi dd, van de hpp nhat gifla nhOng he thdng dang dung va didn toan dam may cung khien 26% ngUdi
lo ngai Dien toan dam may se tuy thupc kha nhieu vao cdng nghd ao hda
Theo cudc khao sat, nhflng mdi lo ngai Idn cdn lai ddi vdi didn toan dam may la mat kie'm soat ddi vdi dfl lieu (i26%), tinh san sang dd' dflng (25%), hieu qua hoat dpng (24%), quan tn CNTT (19%)
tuan thu luat Id (19%), khdng hai Idng ve d|ch vu
v a g i a c a (12%)
Bi mat ridng to la mpt van de gay nhieu tranh
luan Neu mpt khach hang cd the' dang nhap vao Ong dgng va dO lieu cua minh tO bat cO d|a diem nao thi cung rat cd thd' tinh ridng tfl cua hp khdng cdn nfla Cac cdng ty cung cap dich vg dam may can tim each dd' bao ve sfl rieng tfl cho khach hang Mpt trong sd nhflng each nay la sfl dgng cdng nghe nhan dang nhfl username va password, hoac dung tinh nang cap phep - mdi ngfldi dung chi dupc phep sO dgng cac dO lieu va flng dung lidn quan den cdng vide cua minh Cac nha cung cap d|ch vu didn toan dam may thfldng Iflu trfl dfl lieu cua nhieu khach hang khac nhau trdn cung mdt phan cflng, trong khi dd cac cdng ty mudn dfl lieu cua hp dudc tach biet rd rang so vdi dfl lieu cua ddi thu canh tranh Mpt cau hdi dflpc dat ra la khi nha cung cap djch vu sao luu dfl lieu, lieu dfl lieu gifla cac cdng ty cd b| trpn lah vdi nhau hay khdng; khi mdt cdng ty nao dd cham dflt hpp ddng, lieu nha cung cap d|ch vg cd chac chan la minh chi lay dfl lieu cua mdi cdng ty dd ra khdi o tape hay khdng? Mpt sd cdng ty lo ngai dfl lieu cua hp cd thd' rPi vao tay ddi thu canh tranh bang each nay
_ KHOA HOC ^^
Thuang Mai 67
Trang 5Y KIEN TRAO 1^
Van de quyen sd hOu dd'i vdi dO lieu trong dien
toan dam may thu hut nhieu chu y Lieu ngudi
dung hoac cdng ty dang ky sO dgng djch vg dam
may cd dupc sd hflu dfl lieu cua chinh hp hay
khdng? Hay chinh cdng ty cung cap dich vg mdi la
ngfldi sd hflu chOng? Lieu mpt hang cung cap
"may" cd quyen khdng cho khach hang dang nhap
vao chinh dfl lieu cua khach hang hay khdng?
Nhieu cdng ty, hang luat va trUdng dai hpc dang
tranh cai sdi ndi ve van de nay cung nhU nhieu cau
hdi khac lien quan tdi cdng nghe dam may
Van de thay ddi cd cau nganh cdng nghd thdng
tin cung dupc dat ra Lieu cdng nghe dam may se
anh hudng den cac ITnh vOc khac cua cdng nghd
thdng tin nho the nao? Kha nang cd the' xay ra la
khi cdng nghe dam may phat trid'n, nganh sOa
chfla va bao tri may tinh se cd nhieu thay ddi theo
hudng giam nhu cau Tji mdi cdng ty san xuat va
thUdng mai, neu chuyd'n sang sO dung he thdng
may phan ludng, nhu cau ve cdng nghd thdng tin
cua hp, di lien vdi nd la nhieu loai hinh va v| tri vide
lam lien quan den cdng nghd thdng tin cung giam
di Nhu cau vide lam cdng nghd thdng tin cd thd' se
chuye'n nhieu tO mat trfldc sang mat sau cua he
thdng may
3 Di$n toan dam may va trien khai Ong dgng o
Vi§t Nam
Didn toan dam may la mdt cdng nghd va cung
cd the ndi la mdt md hinh td chflc kinh doanh mdi
Ngay tfl khi cdng nghe nay mdi manh nha trdn the
gidi, tai Viet Nam da cd mdt sd cdng ty manh dan
thO nghiem "dam may" thdng qua vide hpp tac vdi
cac hang cdng nghe Idn cua nfldc ngoai Did'n
hinh trong sd nay la Cdng ty cd phan cdng nghe
va truyen thdng Viet Nam (VNTT)
Tren thflc te, tO cudi nam 2007, IBM da phdi
hdp cflng Bp Khoa hpc va Cdng nghd Viet Nam
xay dflng cd'ng didn tO ddi mdi va sang tao dfla
tren nen tang didn toan nay Cudi thang 9/2008,
IBM da ddng thdi ra mat 4 trung tam dien toan
dam may tai Viet Nam, H^n Qudc, An Dd va Brazil
nham tao dieu kien cho chinh phu, cac doanh
nghidp va trUdng dai hpc thO nghiem d|ch vg nay
Trung tam dien toan dam may cua IBM quan ly
cac hoat ddng didn toan hoac cho phep tiep can
thdng tin va ha tang cdng nghd can thiet dd' khach
hang cd the thiet ke hay trie'n khai cac mdi trodng
dien toan ridng cua minh Trung tam nay se phgc
vg khach hang thupc nhieu ITnh vflc nhfl ngan
hang, vien thdng, chinh phu, giao dgc dao tao va
dich vg hosting IBM cung ky ket ban ghi nhd hdp tac vdi Dai hpc Qudc gia Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh xay dflng phdng thi nghiem dien toan dam may dau tidn tai Viet Nam; Phdng thi nghiem nay cho phep trfldng chay thO, ddng thdi danh gia va md rpng nhfln'g cau hinh didn toan dam may khac nhau giup Trodng cd thd' tham gia vao cac hoat dpng nghien cOu Idn tren the gidi va cdng tac vdi nhflng cdng ty hang dau trong khu vflc ChUdng trinh hpp tac nay bao gdm nhieu hoat ddng nghien cOu phan cflng va phan mem cua IBM cung nhU xay dflng cac chfldng trinh dao tao va mdn hpc lidn quan den cdng nghe didn toan
Trung tam didn toan dam may dau tien dope thanh lap thang 9/2008 d Viet Nam bdi lidn doanh gifla Cdng ty Cd phan Cdng nghd va Truyen thdng Viet Nam (VNTT); Cdng ty Dau tfl va Phat trie'n Cdng nghiep (Becamex IDC, Binh DOdng) cung Ngan hang Dau to va Phat trie'n Viet Nam (BIDV) Lien doanh nay dmh hodng cung cap dich vu dien toan dam may cho khach hang la cac doanh nghidp d tinh Binh Dfldng IBM cflng dang theo dudi mdt dfl an khac nham cung cap gdi dien toan dam may cho Khu Cdng vidn Phan mem Quang Trung va thiet lap he thdng hosting cho cac giai phap chinh phu didn tfl cua TP.HCM
Didn toan dam may cung nhan dupc sfl ung hd tfl cac cd quan Nha nudc Viet Nam Theo TS Hoang Ld Minh, Vidn trudng Vidn Cdng nghidp Phan mem va Ndi dung sd Viet Nam thudc Bp Thdng tin va Truyen thdng "Viet Nam mong mudn xay dong mpt cP sd ha tang cdng nghe thdng tin nham hd'trp cho so phat trie'n kinh te cua dat node Chung tdi ung hp vide IBM xay dgng trung tam didn toan dam may tai Viet Nam, day la mpt cdt mdc quan trpng trong tien trinh phat trid'n cdng nghe cua Viet Nam"
Didn toan dam may la mpt xu hudng Ong dgng mdi trong cdng nghd thdng tin va kinh doanh didn
to, da dope phat trid'n va ngay cang trd ndn phd bien trdn the gidi Ong Steve Ballmer, Tdng Giam ddc dieu hanh Tap doan Microsoft, trong chuyen tham Viet Nam thang 8 nam 2010 cung da de cap tam nhin cua Microsoft ve mdt tUdng lai vdi didn toan dam may la trung tam Ong cho rang didn toan dam may se tao ra nhieu cd hoi hPn cho Viet Nam; dau tu vao phan mem mdi se thuc day cac
md hinh kinh doanh mdi, dem lai ldi ich nhieu hdn cho ngudi sO dung NhOng ngudi sang tao ra phan mem, dfl lieu va npi dung s§ cd kha nang phan
KHOA HOC
Trang 6JCSEN TRAO DOI
phoi tren toan cau va kie'm tien mdt each de'dang
hdn "Mpt khi dam may dupc Ong dung rpng rai,
chOng ta se phat trie'n dupc nhieu loai hinh va md
hinh kinh doanh mdi, cung nhu phat minh ra cac
each thOc thuc hien mdi"
Didn toan dam may dem lai cho cac doanh
nghidp, dac biet doanh nghidp nhd va vOa co hdi
trien khai Ong dgng thfldng mai didn tO, kinh doanh
dien to vdi cac ydu cau tdi thie'u ve tai chinh, ha tang
cdng nghe va nhan Iflc Nhfl trdn da ndi, didn toan
dam may dang la xu hodng mdi trong cdng nghe
thdng tin tren the gidi va da dupc cac cdng ty nudc
ngoai hdp tac vdi cac td chflc, doanh nghidp trong
node bat dau trie'n khai d Viet Nam Cac trodng dai
hpc va cac td chflc khoa hpc can nam bat va tidn
phong trong phd bien, tuydn truyen, dao tao ngudn
nhan Iflc va nghidn cOu trie'n khai Ong dung cdng
nghd nay Cac doanh nghidp can nang cao nhan
thOc ve dien toan dam may nham k|p thdi nam bat
cac cd hdi ma nd mang lai trong tfldng l a i ^
Tai lieu tham khao:
LBalakrishna Narasimhanb, Cloud Computing
Savings - Real or Imaginary Log.appirio.com,
4/2009
2 Gartner Says Cloud Computing Will Be As
Influential As E-business, www.gartner.com,
6/2008
3 Stamford, Conn Special Report Examines
the Realities and Risks of Cloud Computing, www.gartner.com, 6/2008 ^
4 Gruman, Galen, "What cloud computing
really means", Info World, 4/2008
5 W.P Caray, Cloud Computing: The Evolution
of Software-as-a-Serviee, 4/2009,
Summary Nowadays more and more enterprises rely on the development of applications of Internet and cloud computing technology to provide IT services with lower costs Cloud computing is the continu-ation of grid computing, convenient computing Cloud computing provides enterprises, especially small and medium sized ones, with opportunities
to implement e-commerce applications and do business with fewer requirements for finance, technology infrastructure and human resources Cloud computing is now seen as a new tendency
of information technology and E-commerce appli-cations all over the world With the above-men-tioned advantages, cloud computing has drawn attention and started to be applied in Vietnam
Tai lieu tham khao:
(Tiep theo trang 63)
Summary
1 Ky yeu hdi thao qudc te ve phat trid'n d|ch vg
hd'trp kinh doanh d Viet Nam, 2000
2 Filion, L.J, et collaborateurs (2007),
Management des PME: de la creation a la
crois-sance Edition du Renouveau Pedagogique inc
3 Laccompagnement en situation
entrepre-uneriale: pertinence et coherence, 4e congres de
I'Academie de lentrepreuneriat, 24 et 25
novem-bre 2005 (www.entrepreuneuriat.com)
4 Gasse, Y., et DAmours, A (2000),
Profession: Entrepreuneur, Montreal,
Transcontinental
5 http://tihkinhte.com.vn
Business start-up supporting service is a new field in Vietnam in terms of both thoery and reality
In recent years, this service has helped many entrepreneurs solve their initial troubles when starting up their business in a market full of diffi-culties The demand for this kind of service is on a rise but its supply still remains low With a view to narrow this supply-demand gap, the author identi-fies supply elements of the business start-up sup-porting service market, analyzes the situtation of its demand in recent time, then proposes some solutions to developing this service in the future
_KHOA HQC