Lý thuyết và bài tập cơ bản Tiếng Anh THCS - Chuyên đề 1:Verb tenses

Lý thuyết và bài tập cơ bản Tiếng Anh THCS - Chuyên đề 1:Verb tenses bài tập thực hành viết câu, đoạn văn và các bài tập trắc nghiệm các thì trong tiếng Anh. Đáp án các bài tập. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo.

CHUYấN ĐỀ 1:VERB TENSES I/ THE PRESENT TENSE :

I/ THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE : THè HIEÄN

TAẽI ẹễN:

(+) I / You / We / They /Ns+ V0

She / He / It /N + V ( - s / - e s)

* ẹoọng tửứ taọn cuứng coự : S , SH , CH , X , O ,

Z thỡ ta theõm –es,taọn cuứng coự phuù aõm vaứ –y

ủoồi –y thaứnh –I + -es

* ẹoọng tửứ “ To be”: I + am You / We /

They/Ns + are She / He / It/N + is

* Caựch duứng: Dieón taỷ moọt haứnh ủoọng ủửụùc

laởp ủi laởp laùi/thoựi quen ụỷ hieọn taùi

Vớ duù: They go to church every Sundays

- Noựi veà sửù thaọt hieồn nhieõn:Vớ duù: The Earth

moves round the sun

*Tửứ nhaọn bieỏt: -always, usually,

occasionally, regularly,often, Always ,

Sometimes (Thổnh thoaỷng), Never ( Khoõng

bao giụứ), Seldom, rarely (Ít khi), …every :

every day, every year…- once…, twice…, 3

times… Every … ( Moói……),

Cỏch phỏt õm “-s / -es” sau động từ chia ở

ngụi thứ ba số ớt trong thỡ HTĐ hoặc danh từ

số nhiều

a Phỏt õm là /s/ khi từ tận cựng bằng cỏc

phụ õm vụ thanh: /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /θ/

Develops /dɪˈveləpS/: Meets /miːtS/Books

Lives /lɪvZ/: Breathes /briːðZ/:Rooms/ruːmZ/:

Means /miːnZ/: Things /θS/ɪŋZ/: Fills /fɪlZ/:

Cars /kɑːrZ/:Dies /daɪZ/: Windows /ˈwɪndoʊZ/:

c Phỏt õm là /ɪz/ khi từ tận cựng bằng cỏc

phụ õm giú /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/

Roses /’roʊzIZ/ Dishes /’dɪʃIZ/:

* Chuự yự caựch theõm –ing vaứo ủoọng tửứ:

- ẹoọng tửứ taọn cuứng laứ –e, ta boỷ –e, theõm – ing

aõm roài theõm – ing ( swim – swimming )

- ẹoọng tửứ 2 aõm tieỏt coự daỏu nhaỏn ụỷ vaàn hai, taọncuứng baống moọt phuù aõm, trửụực laứ moọt nguyeõn

aõm, ta gaỏp ủoõi phuù aõm roài theõm –ing ( begin

– beginning

* Tửứ nhaọn bieỏt: Now, right now, at the moment, at present,today- Sau caõu mệnh lệnh : Keep silent! The baby is sleeping/Sau cõu: where is/are+ S ?

Thời hiện tại TD đi với always khi ta muốn phàn nàn về một hành động lặp đi lặp lại.

Eg : He's always losing his keys (Anh ta cứ luôn đánh mất chìa khóa)

* Notes : Một số động từ không thờng dùng ở dạng tiếp diễn : be, understand, think (cho rằng), know, hear, love, like , stop , feel, smell, taste, sound

/’ruːʒIZ/Watches /’wɑːtʃIZ/:Changes /’tʃeɪndʒI

Z/

EXERCISES 1 Complete the following senrences, using the simple present tense

1 ………Thuy ( usually/ go ) …… …… ………to church every Sundays.?

2.Mrs Dung ( often /not watch )………TV in the evening

3 What ……….you ( do )………… …………every morning?

We (often/talk)……… about our work

4.My sister (always / get )………… ……….…up at 7 o’clock in the morning.She (do)

……….morning exercises and(brush)………her teeth

5 After classes Huong (often/ not listen )……… ……… to music,She( help)

……….her parents(look after)……… ……….younger sister

6 Ha( not play/usually ) ………… ……….… volleyball every afternon.She(tidy/often)

……… ……… her living room

7 Nam (often /be ) ……….… late for school

8 Lan and I ( be/usually) ……… …… in class 9A

EXERCISES 2 Complete the following senrences, using the present progressive tense

1 Tam ( sleep ) ……… …, but we ( play )……….……… video games at present

2 What ……… you ( do ) ……… ….now? I (lie)……… on a sofa to watch TV

3 We ( not study )……… at the moment, we ( watch ) ……….… TV

4 ……….You ( cook )……… some dishes when your mother (be) at work?– Yes, I am

5 Hurry up Miss Hue ( wait )……… ………… outside,she(talk) with Miss Hongabout our study

6,Where is Dung?' '-She(be) in the living-room She (play)……… games online

EXERCISES 3 Complete the senrences, using the presents simple/ progressive tense

1 Where you (live) ? I (live) in HaNam province

2 What Tuan (do) now?

He (water) flowers in the garden.He(take) care of them regularly

3 What Miss Hue (do) ?

She (be) a teacher.She(teach) usLiterature at present

4 Where you (be), Nam? Lan and I(be) in the living-room.We

(wacth) a moving film

5 At the moment, my sisters and my brother (play) volleyball,

They(play) sport every afternoon

6 it is 9.00 p.m; my family (watch) TV.We(watch) film on TV after dinner every night

7 In the summer, I usually (go) to the park with my friends, and in the spring, we

(have) Tet Holiday; I (be) happy because I always (visit) my grandparents,relatives and close friends

8 your father (go/often) to work by bus?

Yes,but sometimes he (ride) motorbike

9 How your sister (go/often) to school?By bike,but

she(walk) .to school with her classmates at this moment

10 What time ………….Thuy and Thanh(get up/usually) ?

11 What they (do) _in the winter?

They(often/not do) anything

12 Today, we (have) English class.We(learn) it at school twice a week

13 Huyen( like)……… learning English now because it(be) .her favourite subject

14 Now, my brother (enjoy) ._eating bananas

15 Look! That man (wave) .you

16 Keep silent ! I (study ) my English lessons

17 you (play) badminton right now?

18 Everyday, my father (get up) at 5.00 a.m, but today(be)……….Sunday ,he (sleep)

19 Every morning , I (watch) TV at 10.00, but today I (Listen ) to music

20 Everyday , I (go) to school by bike but I (travel) ……… to school by

motorbike at the moment

21 Every morning, my father (have) a cup of coffe but today he (drink) milk

22 At this timet, I(read) a book and my brother (watch) TV

23 Hung and his friends (play) _badminton after school,but

they(clean) and (decorate) their classroom at present

II THE FUTURE TENSE:

S + will / shall + V 0

S + won't / shan't + V 0

Will /shall + S + V0……?

* Caựch duứng: Thỡ tửụng lai ủụn dieón taỷ haứnh ủoọng xaỷy

ra trong tửụng lai Will đợc dùng với tất cả các ngôi

Shall thờng dùng với ngôi I , we

Eg : - I'll do it tomorow (I'll = I will) ( Tôi sẽ làm việc

này vào ngày mai)

- He'll come here soon (Chẳng mấy chốc nó sẽ tới

đây) - Our exam will be in two weeks (Kỳ thi của

chúng tôi sẽ diễn ra trong 2 tuần nữa)

- They won't help you

- Will you buy it ?

- Yes, I will/ No, I won't

* Will còn đợc sử dụng trong lời yêu cầu, lời mời

Eg : - Will you please get it for me ? (Yêu cầu)

- Yes, certainly/ OK / of course

- Will you come to my party ? (Lời mời)

* Will đợc sử dụng khi đa ra lời hứa

Eg : - I will pay you tomorrow ( Tôi sẽ trả cậu vào ngày

mai)

* Shall đợc sử dụng trong lời gợi ý

Eg : - Shall we go to the zoo this afternoon ? ( Chiều

nay chúng ta đi vờn thú chứ ?)

* Shall đợc dùng trong lời đề nghị giúp đỡ

Eg : - Shall I do it for you ? ( Để tôi giúp cậu nhé)

* Tửứ nhaọn bieỏt: Tomorrow, next… , in + naờm trong

tửụng lai, some day, sooner or later,duứng trong meọnh

ủeà, ụỷ caõu ủieàu kieọn loaùi I, ủửựng sau moọt soỏ ủoọng

c Nghi vấn Be + S + going to + V ?

- Are you going to work in France next month ? - Yes, I am / No, I'm not

2 The use

a Diễn tả hành động tơng lai đã lên kế hoạch từ trớc.

Eg : - He's going to get married next

month.(Anh ấy sẽ cới vợ vào tháng sau)

b.Diễn tả hành động sắp xảy ra trong tơng lai gần

.Eg : Look at those clouds ! It's going to

rain (Nhìn những đám mây kìa ! Trời sắp

ma đấy

* So sánh Will và Be going to

- Be going to chỉ hành động tơng lai có dự

định

Eg : - I'm going to England for my

holiday next week

- Will chỉ hành động tơng lai bất chợt,

không đợc dự tính từ trớc

Eg : - Our teacher is ill (Thầy giáo bị ốm

đấy)

- Is he ? I'll visit him this afternoon (Thế

à ? Chiều nay tớ sẽ thăm thầy )

EXERCISES 1 Complete the following senrences, using the correct tense of the verbs

1/ - Hai has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg

- I'm sorry to hear that I (visit) ………him

2/ Look at those clouds It (rain)………

3/ What are you going to do with that dress ? - I (embroider) ……….………… it

4/ I've hired a typerwriter and I (learn) ……….………to type

5/ Listen to this ! I think this news (surprise)……….…… you

6/ Thu, when ……….you (get)……… married, this year or next year ?

7/ - What……… you (do)………… next week ?

- I (visit)……… my grandparents

8 Goodbye ! We ( see ) ………you tomorrow

9 The weather ( start )……… a little colder tomorrow

10 Stay home Lan ( call ) ……… ………….….you tonight

11 ………You ( be ) ……… free tomorrow?

12 Hurry up or you (be)…… ……….late for class

13 We (send)……… the money as soon as the goods are delivered

14, He thinks that it (rain)……….tonight

15, When John……… (arrive)here tomorrow, I ………… (call)you

EXERCISES 2:Complete the following senrences

1.I completely forget about (do) the housework Give me a moment,I (.do) it now.2.Tonight,I(stay) home I've rented a video

3.Ifeeldreadful.I(be) sick

4.If you have any problem,

don'tworry.I(help) you

5.Where are you going?//I(see) friends

6.That mobilephone is ringing // I(answer) it

7.Look at those clouds.It(rain) now

8.What do you want to drink?Tea or coffee?

I(have) some tea,please

9.Thanks for your offer

.ButIamOK.Shane(.help) me(do) tomorrrow

10, My parents ………… (be) very angry when they know this school report

EXERCISES4:Complete the following senrences

1.A:“There's someone(knock) the front door.”

B: “I (come) and(open) it

2 Toan thinks the Chung (win) the next election

3.A:“I’m going(move) into a house tomorrow.” B: “Oh!We (come) and( help) you.”

4 If she passes the exam, not only she but also her parents (be) very happy

5 we (prepear) everything for the final exams, We promise

III THE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUÁ

KHỨ ĐƠN

THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

(?)S + V- ed / -2 I / he / she / it + was (+) S + was / were + V- ing

(-) S + was / were + not + V- ing

You / we / they +

were

(-) S + didn’t + V0 S + was / were + not

(?) Did + S + V0 … ? Was / Were + S ……….?

* Caựch duứng:- Thỡ quaự khửự ủụn dieón taỷ haứnh

ủoọng xaỷy ra trong quaự khửự

- Dieón taỷ thoựi quen trong quaự khửự

* Tửứ nhaọn bieỏt: Yesterday, ago, last……., in +

naờm ụỷ quaự khửự

* Chuự yự: Caựch theõm –ed- ẹoọng tửứ taọn cuứng laứ –

e, ta boỷ –e roài theõm –ed Vớ duù: arrive

- arrived- ẹoọng tửứ taọn cuứng laứ –y, trửụực noự laứ

moọt phuù aõm thỡ ta ủoồi –y thaứnh –i roài theõm ed

Vớ duù: try – tried- ẹoọng tửứ taọn cuứng laứ moọt

phuù aõm, trửụực noự laứ moọt nguyeõn aõm, ta gaỏp ủoõi

phuù aõm roài theõm –ed Vớ duù: fit – fitted

- ed đợc đọc là / d / sau các trờng hợp còn lại

(?) Was / Were + S + V - ing ….?

- Dieón taỷ haứnh ủoọng ủang xaỷy ra trong quaự

khửự thỡ coự moọt haứnh ủoọng khaực xen vaứo S +

was / were + V- ing when S + V- ed / -2

Vớ duù: I was sleeping when the phone rang S

+ V- ed / -2 while S + was / were + V- ing Vớ

duù The phone rang while I was sleeping

Tửứ nhaọn bieỏt:

at o.'clock / at this time

Between and + thụứi gian ụỷ quaự khửự

From to + thụứi gian quaự khửự All

EXERCISES 1:Complete the following senrences, using the suitable tense

1 We ( start )……… ……….…… school when I was six

2 ………you ( meet ) ………….his parents yesterday?

3 The school ( be )……….……… in bad conditions three years ago

4 ……….your aunt ( call ) ……….… me yesterday?

5 He ( not visit ) ……… ….Da Lat last summer

6/ Minh (be) ……….very tired when I (see) ………him yesterday

7/ My father( usually /work)……… 8 hours a day, but yesterday he (start)

(work) at 9.00 a.m and (finish)……… at 9.00 p.m

8/ It usually (rain) ……….….a lot in summer but it (rain) … ……… a little last summer

9/ -When ……… … John (leave) …… …here for Da Lat ?

-He (leave) ……… … 5 days ago.He (fly)………there

10/ What ……….….you (do) ……… last Sunday ?

- I (have)………an interesting holiday in New York

11.Kim Loan said that she (arrive)……… class on time yesterday

12 My brother (join)………the army when he (be)………….….young

EXERCISES 2A:Complete the following senrences, using the past progressive tense or past simple

1 What ………you ( do ) ……,,,….at six o’clock yesterday?

2 Nam ( take )………,,,,,,… a shower at eight o’clock last night

3 I ( do )……… my homework at seven o’clock yesterday

4 While they ( eat )………, the phone (ring) last night

5 It ( rain ) ……… when the plane (arrive) in Ha Noi

6 I (see)…… a car accident while I (wait)……… for you at this corner yesterday

7.The baby (fall)………… down when he ……….…( run) towards his mother

8 ……….You(wait)…… a minute while I (look) ……… through the test ?

EXERCISES 2B Complete the senrences, using the past progressive tense or past simple

1/ When I (arrive)……… at his house, he still (sleep) ………

2/ The light (go) ………out while we (have) ………dinner

3/ The last time I (see)……… him, he (wear) ………… a grey suit

4/ Just as I (leave)………… , a student (stop)……… me in the hall

5/ Nam (play)……… football when he (break)………… his leg

6/ We (drink)………… a lot of beer at the party the day before yesterday

7/ They (build)……… a new bridge when I was there 2 months ago

8/ He (sit) ………in a cafe when I saw him

9/ My company (make) ………… a lot of profits 5 years ago

10/ What …………you (do) ……….when I phoned you on Monday ?

11/ While the two thieves (argue)……… …, someone (steal) ……… their car.12/ When he was a boy at school, Edison (ask) ………a lot of questions The teacher (think)

……….he was stupid and she (send) ………him home Edison's mother (teach)

……… her son at home and he (begin) ……….to carry out a lot of experiments

13/ - ………You (visit) ……… the zoo yesterday ?

- Yes, I did When I (go)……… there, I (see) …………our teacher

14/ Who (invent) ……… the radio ?

IV THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

Câu xác định S + have / has + V- ed / -3 Câu phủ định S + have / has + not + V- ed / -3 Câu nghi vấn Have / Has + S + V- ed / -3 ….?

* Cách dùng:Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả:

- Hành động vừa mới xảy ra trong quá khứ

Ví dụ: I have just finished my homework

- Hành động hay sự kiện tại một thời điểm không chắc chắn trong quá khứ

Ví dụ: I have already seen that film

- Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại

Ví dụ: She has studied French for three years

Thêi hiƯn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi This is the first, second, third time ( §©y lµ lÇn ®Çu tiªn, lÇnthø hai )

* Từ nhận biết: Just, already, yet, ever, so far, recently, lately, before, up to now, since, for Since + a point of time(một điểm thời gian )(Since 2011/ January,…… )

For + a period of time ( một khoảng thời gian) ( For 5 years )

EXERCISES 1Complete the following senrences, using the present perfect tense

1 We ( not come )……… to your house for two years

2 She ( live )……… here since last year

3 He ( see ) ………you since yesterday?

4 Nam ( collect ) ……… stamps since 1999

5 ……… You ( finish ) ……… your composition yet? – Yes, I have

EXERCISES 2Complete the following senrences, using the present perfect tense

1/ My wife and I (be) ……….there several times in the past

2/ We (study) ………almost every lesson in this book so far

3/ He (visit)……….… his friends recently

4/ - ……….you (see)……… Nga today ?

- No, I (not see) ……… her yet.

5/ She (do) ………her homework already

6/ They (never/go)……… to the cinema in their life

7/ Tom, I (not see) ……….you for ages ! Where have you been ?

8/ He is the most kind-hearted man I (ever /meet)………

9/ There (be) ……….3 accidents on this street in the past 3 days

10/ Is this the first time you (visit) ……….our beautiful country ?

11/ Scientists (find)……… cures for many illnesses in the last 50 years

12/ My uncle's health (improve) ……… since he (leave) ……….India

13/ I (buy)……….……… a new shirt last week but I (not wear)……… it yet.14/ I (not see )……… Lan since we (leave) ………school

15/ We (just /move)……… to a new house, but we (be) ………

… dissatisfied with it

EXERCISES 3

ĐỔI TỪ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN ( VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI )

1 This is the first time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta )

=>I have never seen him before ( tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây )

The first time + S + have/ has + P II /V - ed

 S + have/ has + Never + P II /V - ed + before

2 I started / began studying English 3 years ago

=> I have studied English for 3 years

S + started / began + to- V/ V -ing + a) in + time

b) last + mốc thời gian c)when + S + V -ed d) khoảng thời gian+ ago

=> S + have/ has + P II /V - ed a) since + time

b) since + last + mốc thời gian

c) since + S + V -ed

d) for + khoảng thời gian

3 I last saw him when I was a student.( lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là SV )

=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.( tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi là SV )

Last : lần cuối Since : từ khi

4 The last time she went out with him was two years ago

=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years

S + HTHT (phủ định) + since / for + …

- S + last + QKĐ (khẳng định) …+ when + mệnh đề

- The last time + S + QKĐ (khẳng định) + was + thời gian

Ex: I haven’t heard him since August

– The last time I heard him was in August

I haven’t seen him since I left school

– I last saw him when I left school

5 It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối )

=> I haven't met him for ten years ( tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi )

S + HTHT (phủ định) + for + thời gian

It’s + thời gian ….+ since …+ last + QKĐ (khẳng định)

Ex: I haven’t seen my father for one month

– It is one month since I last saw my father.

Tom hasn’t had his hair cut for over three months

– It is three months since Tom last had his hair cut

6 When did you buy it ? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?

=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )

Mẫu này có dạng :

when : thì dùng quá khứ đơn => How long : thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành

EXERCISES 1: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.

1) This is the first time he went abroad

EXERCISES II Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.

1 Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997

5 He hasn’t written to me since April

The last time………

6 She hasn’t had a swim for five years

It’s ten years………

11 It’s two weeks since they cleaned their room

V THE PAST PERFECT TENSE: THè QUAÙ KHệÙ HOAỉN THAỉNH

Caõu xaực ủũnh S + had + V- ed / -3 Caõu phuỷ ủũnh S + had + not + V- ed / -3 Caõu nghi vaỏn Had + S + V- ed / -3 ….?

* Caựch duứng:Thỡ quaự khửự hoaứn thaứnh dieón taỷ moọt haứnh ủoọng hay sửù kieọn xaỷy

ra trửụực moọt thụứi ủieồm hay moọt sửù kieọn khaực trong quaự khửự

* Thời quá khứ hoàn thành diễn tả hành động xảy ra trớc một hành động quá khứ hoặc một thời

điểm quá khứ khác Thờng đi với after, before, when, by the time (cho tới khi), as soon as ( ngay sau khi)

Eg : - After he had done his homework, he went to the cinema ( Sau khi nó làm xong bài tập, nó đi

xem phim.) = Before he went to the cinema, he had done his homework

- When I got there, they had gone home (Khi mà tôi tới đó, họ đã về nhà rồi.)

- When he had sung his song, he sat down (Khi anh ta hát xong, anh ta ngồi xuống)

- By the time we got to the station, the train had already left ( Cho tới khi chúng tôi tới ga, tàu đã chạy rồi)

Vớ duù: We had finished planting trees before lunchtime yesterday

When I arrived at the party, Lucy had already gone home

EXERCISES 1 Complete the following senrences, using the past perfect tense

1 We stopped for a rest after we ( walk )……… … for two hours

2 I ( finish ) ……… my homework before I went to school

3 We received her letter after she ( move )……….…… to a new house

4 I ( see ) ……….him eating in the restaurant before going home yesterday

5 We missed the beginning of the play, because it ( already/ start )……… ……….when we arrived

EXERCISES 2Complete the following senrences, using the past perfect or past simple tense

1 Almost everybody (leave)……….…… by the time we (arrive)……… ………

2 He (wonder)……….…… whether he (leave)……… ……… his wallet at home

3 The secretary (not leave)……… until she (finish)……… her work The couple (scarcely /enter)……….……… the house when they (begin)……….… to argue.

4 The teacher (ask)……… the boy why he (not do)……….…… his homework

5 She (already/post)……… …… the letter when she (realize)…… ……….…… she (send)……

……… … it to the wrong address

6 Hardly the car (go)……… a mile when it (have)……… …… a flat tyre

7 The weather (be)……… far worse than we (expect)………

8 They (be married)……… ……….… for five years when they finally (have)………

a child

9 No sooner they (sell)……….… their car than they (regret)……… having done so

10 When she (finish)……… … her work she (go)……….… to the cinema

11.He(not eat)……… … until his parents (come)……… home

14 The lights (go)……… out the moment he (get)………into the cinema

15 Hardly the holiday (begin)……… when they (leave)……… the town

16 They (be)………… out for an hour when it (start)……… to rain

17 They (leave)……… the shop as soon as they (buy)……… everything they (need)…………

18 The house (burn)……… to the ground buy the time the firemen (arrive)………

19 As he (do)……… a lot of work that day he (be)……… very tired

20 I already (hear)……… about the accident when he (tell)……… me about it

21 He (live)……… in the country for ten years when he first (come)……… to London

22 I (not talk)………… to him because when I (arrive)……… he already (leave)

………

23 When we (go)……… out again, the wind (stop)………

24 He (think)……… he (win)……… in the lottery but he (not have)……… ofcourse

25 No sooner the bell (ring)……… when the pupils (go)……… out to play

26 Before you (mention)……… his name, I never (hear)……… of this poet

27 Our guests (be)……… still here when he (come)……… back from school

28 The same day he (arrive)……… I (receive)……… a postcard from him

29 They just (close)……… the shop when I (get)………… there

30 When the policeman (blow)……… his whistle the driver (stop)……… the car

EXERCISES 3:Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense:

1 I ( get )……… up the day before yesterday

2 What……….you (do) ……… the day after tomorrow?

3 She always (go) ……….to sleep before her mother does

4 She rarely (take) ……….a bath after dinner

5 ………you (take) ……….a trip next summer?

6 Alice and Mary (put) ……….away the dinner dishes right now

7.The telephone rang while I (take) ……….my shower this morning

8 In what year……….World War II (break)

……….out?

9 We (learn) ……….grammar right at the moment

10 John and Tom (write) ……….letters at the moment.

11 Listen! Someone (knock) ……….at the door

12 It always (snow) ……….in winter It (snow) ……… now

13 I (read) ……….a book when the electricity was cut off

14 Look! A boy (run) ……….after a dog He (want) ……….to catch it.15.I(spend) ……….this weekend in Dalat I (go) … there nearly every month.16.The bell rang while I (have) ……….lunch

17 When the second war (end) ………., we were living in the countryside

18 Marconi (invent) ……… radio a long time ago

19 She (not, speak) ……… To me for over a month

20 I (buy) ……….a good dictionary yesterday morning

21 ……….you (have) ……….dinner yet?

22 So far, I (not, see) ……….a camel

23 In France birbs (fly) ……… to the South before winter comes

24 He (sit) ……….on a chair at 9:00 last night

25 I (know) ……… him for a very long time

26 My parents (come) ……….to stay with me next month

27 The war began while he (live) ……….in France

28 They (just leave) ……….here

29 He (turn) ……….on the fan now

30 There (be) ……….no intelligent life on the moon

31 He thanked me for what I (do) ………

32 My bicycle isn’t here any more Somebody (take) ……….it

33 I (not, see) ……….her for three years I wonder where she is

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP:

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

1 Mr.Tuan always (go) ……… to work by bus

2 We (start) ……… our new school year last month

3 She (receive) ……… her pen pal’s letter this morning

4 It (not rain) ……… in the dry season

5 Lan (take) ……… her younger brother to the zoo last Sunday

6 I (live) ……… here since I was born

7 They (give) ……… me the letter a few minutes ago

8 When I saw him, he (sit) ……… asleep in a chair

9 What you (do) ……… at 7 p.m yesterday?

10 My brother (write) ……… several plays

11 We (learn) ……… English now

12 He (write) ……… a long novel at present

13 Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) ……… to you?

14 Where are you? – I’m upstairs I (have) ……… a bath

15 You (have) ……… breakfast yet?

16 My little sister (drink) ……… milk every day

17 The doctor sometimes (return) ……… home late

18 They (have) ……… lunch in the cafeteria now

19 They often (thank) ……… me for what I do for them

20 His uncle (teach) ……… English in our school five years ago.

21 They (not go) ……… to the movies last Sunday

22 You (find) ……… my pen yesterday?

23 The light (go) ……… out when we (study) ……….our lesson

24 There (be) ……… an English class in this room tomorrow evening

25 They (paint) ……… the school gate when we came

26 They (build) ……… a new school in this area next year

27 My brother (work) ……… in this factory for many years

28 The children (play) ……… soccer at 4 o’clock yesterday

29 I (see) ……… Nga at the bus stop every morning

30 What you (do) ……… last night?

31 It (be) ……….… often hot in the summer

32 My mother went to the supermarket yesterday, but she (not buy) ……… anything

33 Nam and Ba (play) ……… soccer at present

34 My family (go) ……….………… Da Lat next summer

35 I’d like (tell) ……… ………… you something about my family

36 She needs (eat) ………….………… a lot of vegetables and fruit

37 Please don’t make so much noise I (study)………

38 The water (boil) ………at 100 degrees Celsius

39 Look! Somebody (climb) ………up that tree over there

40 I (not see) ………her since last week

41 How long you (know) ……… Tom?

42 Hoa (burn) ………her hand when she (cook) ……… …… The dinner

43 While we (cross) ……….….the street, the policeman (shout) ………… …….at us

44 What you (do) ………at this time yesterday?

45 I hope it (not rain) ………when we (start) ……….early tomorrow

46 My sister (play) ………the piano since she (be) ……….a child

47 I (never forget) ……….what you (just tell) ……….me

48 He (leave) ………….home two weeks ago and we (not hear) ………from him since

49 She (win) ……….the gold medal in 2004

50 While you (play) ……… the guitar, I (write) ……….a letter

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: THÌ VÀ SỰ HOÀ HỢP THÌ Phần lý thuyết:Dạng 1: Chia động từ dựa vào trạng từ nhận biết

Ở dạng này, các em phải nắm vững những dấu hiệu về thì dựa theo cách dùng hoặc những trạng

từ nhận biết và điều quan trọng là các em phải thuộc công thức của các thì cơ bản trong Tiếng Anh

VD1: Cho hình thức đúng của đông từ trong ngoặc:

Ở dạng này các em phải biết phối hợp thì giửa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ thời gian đi với:

BEFORE: Trước khi = BY THE TIME SINCE: kể từ khi

AFTER: sau khi

Để làm tốt dạng bài tập này các em cần phải thực hiện các bước sau:

- Xác định ngữ cảnh trong câu xem những hành động này xảy ra ở QK, HT, hay TL

- Xác định trong câu có những trạng từ chỉ thời gian gì

- Tiến hành phối hợp thì theo quy tắc riêng của nó:

Dạng 2: Phối hợp thì trong mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ thời gian

1 Ngữ cảnh ở QK: (thường các em sẽ gặp những trạng từ như YESTERDAY, LAST NIGHT, AGO hoặc một động từ đã được chia ở thì QK)

***when + QKĐ, QKTD ; QKTD + when + QKĐ : QKĐ + when + QKTD

VD1: We were having supper when the phone ran

**** while + QKTD, QKĐ ; QKĐ + while + QKTD ; QKTD + while + QKTD

VD2: My father was reading newspaper while I was listening to music

*** Before/ by the time + QKĐ, QKHT ; QKHT + before/by the time + QKĐ

VD3: Before he arrived, everybody had left

****After + QKHT, QKĐ ; QKĐ + after + QKHT

VD4: After I had finished work, I went out with my friends.

2 Ngữ cảnh ở tương lai: (thường các em sẽ gặp những trạng từ như TOMORROW, NEXT

WEEK, NEXT MONTH hoặc một động từ được chia ở thì tương lai)

****S +will / shall /may /can + when /until / as soon as / before + HTĐ / HTHT

VD1: I will wait here until they come

VD2: After I get home, I will eat dinner

Lưu ý: HTHT + since + QKĐ ; Since + QKĐ, HTHT

VD3: She has taught here since she graduated

EXERCISES 1:Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:

1 I (have) coffee for breakfast every morning

2 The student (look) up that new word right now

3 Be quiet ,the baby (sleep)

4 My friend ( be) in hospital for a long time, and he (not go )home yet

5 They ( read) the newspaper yesterday

6 I (learn) English for two years

7 Perhaps I (see) you again one day

8 Summer (follow) Spring

EXERCISES 2: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences

1 So far, many beautiful hotels in HCM city

A were built B has been built C are built D have been built

2 .you paint the house last years ?

3 We …… Dorothy since last Saturday

4 My sister …… for you since yesterday

5 Hurry up, Jane ! We all …… for you

6 Mary me an hour ago

7 Up to now, I a lot of information about her

EXERCISES 3:Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1 I’ll come and see you before I …… (leave) for the States

2 John …… (read) a book when I saw him

3 Almost everyone …… (leave) for home by the time we arrived.

4 Henry …… (go) into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner

5 He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he …… (finish) dinner

6 Before you asked, I …… (write) these letters

7 He fell down when he …… (run) towards the church

8 The light went out while I (have) dinner

9 They (help) her as soon as they have completed the work

10 You will see him when he (come) here tomorrow

Exercise 4: Put each verb in brackets into either the present perfect, past simple or present simple.

1 Last week I (lose)…… my scarf, and now I (just lose) …… my gloves

2 I (work) …… for Blue Bank at the moment but I (decide) …… to change jobs

3 We (be) …… here for hours Are you sure we (come)…… to the right place?

4 (you see) …… my calculator? I'm sure I (leave) …… ithere earlier

5 We (have) …… some coffee and then (catch) …… the bus home

Exercise 5: Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verbs In brackets.

1 When I (see) …… you tomorrow, I (tell) …… you mynews

2 As soon as we (get) …… there, we (phone) …… for a taxi

3 I (go) …… to the library before I (do) …… the shopping

4 we (wait) …… here until the rain (stop) ……

5 I (get) …… $500 from the bank when it (open)……

EXERCISES 6: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences

1 He for 25 years before he retired last year.A has taught B had been teaching

2 Please send me a postcard as soon as you in London

A will arrive B is going to arrive C have arrived D arrive

3 I saw John yesterday morning while I home from work

4 As soon as you your homework, you will be allowed to go out

A are doing B had done C did D have done

5 After Mary her degree, she intends to work in her father’s company

A will finish B finishes C is finishing D will have finished

6 She has worked as a secretary she graduated from college.A untilB while C beforeD since

7 Ann for me when I arrivedA was waiting B waited C had waited D has been waiting

8 My handbag was stolen we were playing tennis.A afterB beforeC during D while

9 They won’t come home until they everything.A had seenB Saw C were seeing D see

10 Don’t come I have finished lunch.A after B as soon as C since D until

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG Phần lí thuyết:

THE PASSIVE VOICE IS FORMED: be + past participle ( V/ V - 3 / - e d )

S + V + O ( active : chủ động)

S + be + V( - 3 / - e d) + by + O ( passive: bị động )

I/ THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE : THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

S + V / V - s / - e s + O She opens the door

S + am / is / are + V - 3 / - e d + by + O The door is opened ( by her )

II THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

S + V - 2 / - ed + O She wrote some letters to me

S + was / were + V - 3 / - e d + by + O Some letters were written to me ( by her

III/ THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE : THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

S + am / is / are + V-ing + O Nam is reading a book in the room

S + am / is / are + being + V - 3 / - e d + by + O A book is being read in the room by Nam

IV THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

S + has / have + V - 3 / - ed + O We have just finished our homework

S + has / have + been V - 3 / - e d + by + O Our homework has just been finished (by us

V SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

S + will + V + O My father will buy a new car next month

S + will + be V - 3 / - e d + by + O A new car will be bought by my father next month

VI MODAL VERB: ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT

S + modal verb + V + O I can do this work

pS + modal verb + be V - 3 / - e d + by + O This work can be done (by me)

* Ghi chú: Modal verbs: can, could, may, might, ought to, have to, must, be going to, should, used

to,…

VII CÁCH BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU PHỦ ĐỊNH, CÂU HỎI YES/NO VÀ CÂU HỎI CÓ TỪ ĐỂ HỎI:

1 Câu phủ định:

a Hiện tại đơn

She does not open the door

The door is not opened ( by her )

b Quá khứ đơn:

She did not write some letters to me

Some letters were not written to me ( by her )

c Hiện tại tiếp diễn:

Nam is not reading a book in the room

A book is not being read in the room by Nam

d Hiện tại hoàn thành:

We have not just finished our homework

Our homework has not just been finished (by us)

e Tương lai đơn:

My father will not buy a new car next month

A new car will not be bought by my father next month

f Modal verb:

I can not do this work

This work can not be done (by me)

2 Câu hỏi YES / NO:

a Hiện tại đơn

Does she open the door ?

Is the door opened ( by her ) ?

b Quá khứ đơn:

Did She write some letters to you?

Were some letters written to me ( by her )?

c Hiện tại tiếp diễn:

Is Nam reading a book in the room?

Is a book being read in the room by Nam?

d Hiện tại hoàn thành:

Have you just finished your homework?

Has your homework just been finished (by you)?

e Tương lai đơn:

Will my father buy a new car next month?

Will a new car be bought by my father next month?

f Modal verb:

Can you do this work?

Can this work be done (by you)?

3 Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi:

Where did your child find the key?

Where was the key found by your child ?

Which book do people prefer ?

Which book is prefered ?

Who made the final decision?

By whom was the final decision made?

VIII SPECIAL CASES: MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT.

1 Động từ có hai tân ngữ:

a Loại câu passive thêm “TO”

Những động từ “ give, send, show, pay, teach, tell, lend, promise, hand, throw, wish, deny, offer, own …” có 2 túc từ Trường hợp này chúng ta có 2 hình thức của câu bị động

* Chúng ta sử dụng “TO” khi “DO” trở thành chủ từ trong câu bị động

Ví dụ: My father gave me a new hat

S V IO DO

I was given a new hat by my father

A new hat was given to me by my father.

b Loại câu passive thêm “FOR”

Những động từ “ buy, make, leave, order, do, save, get …” có 2 túc từ Trường hợp này chúng ta có 2 hình thức của câu bị động

* Chúng ta sử dụng “FOR” khi “DO” trở thành chủ từ trong câu bị động

Ví dụ: I bought my brother some books

S V IO DO

My brother was bought some books ( by me)

Some books were bought for my brother ( by me)

2 People / they + V + that + S + V

Cấu trúc active trên khi được đổi sang passive có thể theo hai cách sau:

Ví dụ: People know that she is married People know that she is married

It is known that she is married She is known to be married

3 Verb of perception: Các động từ chỉ giác quan

a Causative form (Thể nhờ bảo): “Have”, “Get”.

- Chủ động: S + have + O (person) + V0 + O (thing)

- Bị động: S + have + O (thing) + V3 ed

VD: I had him repair the roof yesterday.

I had the roof repaired yesterday.

- Chủ động: S + get + O.1 + to V 0 + O.2

- Bị động: S + get + O.2 + V 3 ed

VD: I will get her to cut my hair.

I will get my hair cut.

b Verbs of opinion: Say, Think, Believe, Know, Report, Declare…(V 1 )

Có 2 dạng bị động:

- Chủ động: S 1 + V1 + that + S2 + V2…

- Bị động: => It + (be) + V 1 (3/ed) + that + S2 + V2…

=> S 2 + (be) + V1 (3/ed) + to + Vo……

Hoặc + to have + V1 (3/ed)….

VD: - They say that John is the brightest student in class

=> It is said that John is the brightest student in class

=> John is said to be the brightest student in class

- Bị động: S + need + V ing / to be V 3 ed : cần được

EXERCISES 1:Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense

1 People ……… (grow) much rice in Mekong Delta

2 Rice ……… ( in Mekong Delta

3 Someone ……… (_ (break) the window last night

4 The window ……… ( (break) last night

5 The children are using the computers right now

6 The computers ……… ( by the chldren right now

7 They ……… ( (not, use) the room for ages

8 The room ……… ((not, use) for ages

9 My mother ……… ( (prepare) the dinner when I arrived home, so I took a shower first

10 The dinner ……… ( (prepare) when I arrived home, so I took a shower first

11 People ……… ( (speak) English at the meeting tomorrow

12 English ……… ( (speak) at the meeting tomorrow

13 My father had someone ……… ( (wash) his car

14 My father had his car ……… ( (wash)

15 The lady makes his son ……… ( (drink) milk every night

16 His son is made ……… ( milk every night

17 The pupils are thought ……… ( (go) to school by bus everyday

18 The pupils are thought ……… (_ (go) to school by bus yesterday

19 She got the man ……… ( (paint) the gate

20 She got the gate ……… ((paint) by the man

EXERCISES 2: Choose the best answers to complete the sentences

1 We can’t have our car now; _ at the garage

A it’s still being repaired B it’s still repairing

C it’s still repaired D it’s still being repairing

2 John you when he has finished the report

A was calling B was being called C will call D will be called

3 When I returned, I found that my car away

A had been pulling B has been pulling

4 The house six decades ago

A was built B was building C will be built D was to be built

5 The building

A is being demolished B is demolishing C has demolished D.been demolished

6 While I this morning , I met Jane

A shop B shopping C was shopping D am shopping

7 Wait here until I you

8 This room for ages

A hasn’t used B hasn’t been used C hadn’t used D hadn’t been used

9 I’m going to have my house _ this weekend

A is redecorated B redecorated C will be redecorated D redecorate

10 I’d like to have my shoes _ at once

A repair B repairing C repaired D being repaired

11 My shoes need _

12 Pupils are made _ hard at school

13 The factory is said _ in a fire two years ago

A being destroyed B to have been destroyed C to have destroyed D to destroy

14 He is said a good student in the class

A being B to be C to have been D having been

15 English all over the world

A speaks B is speaking C was spoken D is spoken

EXERCISES 3: Turn these sentences into passive voice:

1 They have built up all sorts of fearsome prospects in their mind

14 Noone can answer that question

………

15 People say that he is 007 ………

16 The teacher made us do a lot of exercises ………

17 How are they going to do this project? ………

18 Which picture did you draw yesterday? ………

19 People rumoured that the coming crop was the worst ………

20 People say that prevention is better than cure ………

21 They used to make the little boys climb the chimneys to clean them ………

22 Are you going to take an English course during the summer? ………

23 They have to cancel all the fights from London because of the bad weather ………

24 We saw her cross the intersections ………

25 People considered that Micheal Jackson has been the best pop singer ………

26 They know that he is armed ………

27 He saw the stranger rob the National Bank ………

28 We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police 29 I rarely hear her call her children bad names ………

30 The burglar broke into the house last night and klled the hostess ………

31 The Irish had to put dowm the English flag ………

32 They didn’t look after the children properly ………

33 Everyone looks up to him ………

34 They must hand in weaponds ………

35 He poured all of the milk out ………

36 When he come, they had solved the problem ………

37 He made us work late at night ………

38 What will I do if noone meets me at the airport? ………

39 Nobody showed them how to do ………

EXERCISES4: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the original one:

1 Our boss has suggested a new idea.

A new idea………

2 You must wash this sweater in warm water

This sweater………

3 We sold the last shirt of this style a few hours ago

The last shirt………

4 They built the Effel Tower in 1889

The Effel Tower………

5 The police are questioning him at their headquarters

21 We have to improve all the schools in the city

All the schools………

22 They are going to build a new bridge in the area

A new bridge………

23 They have buit two department stores this year

Two department stores………

24 The students are planting trees in the schoolyard at the moment

Trees………

25 They were washing their car when I came.

a Danh từ số ít (Singular Noun)

- Danh từ không đếm được (uncountable noun)

Ex: food, milk, sugar, salt, fruit

- Danh từ theo sau A/ AN (danh từ số ít > an +danh từ số ít có chữ cái đầu :u e o a i

Ex: a book, a box, an apple

b Danh từ số nhiều (Plural Noun)

- Danh từ tận cùng là _S / _ES

Ex: books, boxes, apples,

c Cách thành lập danh từ số nhiều: N (số ít) + (-S/-ES) N (số nhiều)

*** Cách phát âm “-s / -es” sau danh từ số nhiều

a Phát âm là /s/ khi từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm vô thanh: /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /θ/

Books /bʊkS/: Những cuốn sách Months /mʌnθS/S/: Nhiều tháng

b Phát âm là /z/ khi từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm hữu thanh /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /ð/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ, /l/, /r/ và các nguyên âm

Birds /bɜːrdZ/: Những con chim Buildings /ˈbɪldɪŋZ/: Những cao ốcRooms /ruːmZ/: Những cănphòng

Things /θS/ɪŋZ/: Nhiều thứ Cars /kɑːrZ/: Những chiếc xe ô tô Windows /ˈwɪndoʊZ/: Những cái cửa sổ

c Phát âm là /ɪz/ khi từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm gió /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/

Kisses /’kɪsIZ/: Hôn/ Những nụ hônBoxes /’bɑːksIZ/: Những chiếc hộp Roses /’roʊzIZ/: Nhữngbông hoa hồng Dishes /’dɪʃIZ/: Những chiếc đĩa (thức ăn)

*Những danh những danh từ bất quy tắc cần nhớ

A child > two children

A man > six men

A woman > three women

A bacterium > 10 bacteria

An ox > 5 oxen

A person > 20 people

-Danh từ số nhiều nhưng hình thức số ít::

Các danh từ tập hợp: police, people, staff, cattle, army, children, school…

Nhóm tính từ có mạo từ the: the rich, the poor, the blind, the deaf, the dumb, the injured,…

Ex: the police, children, women, cattle

- Danh từ số ít nhưng luôn có S:

The news from the Middle East seems very encouraging.

Nhóm thể thao: gymnastics, athletics, billiars …

Nhóm bệnh tật: measles (sởi), mumps (quai bị), rickets(còi xương), SARS, AIDS,diabetes, rabies,…

Nhóm đo lường: Two pounds is …

Nhóm khoảng cách: Ten miles is …

Nhóm thời gian: Ten years is …

Nhóm giá tiền: Ten dollars is …

Nhóm tên nước: The United States, the Philipines,…

Nhóm tổ chức: The United Nations…

Nhóm tiếng nói, dân tộc: tiếng nói và dân tộc viết giống nhau nhưng khác nhau ở chỗ: dân tộc có

‘the’ còn tiếng nói thì không co ‘the’

Vietnamese is rich and beautiful.

The Vietnamese are laborious.

2 Sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ (Subject and verb agreement)

with / together with

S1 + along with / as well as + S2 + V (theo S 1)

accompanied by

Ex: The actress, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight.

3

Either or

Neither + S1 + nor + S2 + V (theo S 2)

Not only but also

Ex: Either you or I am wrong

Neither Tom’s parents nor his teacher is satisfied with his progress.

4

Every Noun (singular)

Each + + V (số ít)

Either

Neither of + Noun (plural)

Ex: Every child has a toy.

Each job needs patience.

Each of the patients is examined every day.

5

Every / some

Any / no + one / body / thing + V (số ít)

Ex: Everyone is ready.

6

A number of + Noun (plural) + V (số nhiều)

The number of + Noun (plural) + V (số ít)

Ex: A number of the applicants have already been interviewed.

The number of days in a week is seven

7 S (N + preposition phrase) + V (theo danh từ)

Ex: The study of languages is very interesting.

8 Gerund (as Subject) + V (số ít)

Ex: Writing many letters makes her happy.

9 There + be + N (chia theo danh từ)

Ex: There are 28 students in my class

10,Khi danh từ đứng sau các thành ngữ chỉ phân số hay tỷ lệ ma làm chủ ngữ ( one third ofthe , Half of the……., All of the…… ) thì động từ có thề ở ngôi thứ 3 số ít hay ngôi thứ 3 số

nhiều tùy theo danh từ làm chủ ngữ đó số ít hoặc số nhiều./ Phép cộng thì dùng số ít Two and

three is five.

11, Khi chu ngữ la 1 đại từ bất định : each, any, one, everyone, someone, anyone, every, either, neither, another, something…

Ex1 Each of the boys has a bicycle.Ex2 Someone has taken my pencil.

12 Khi chủ ngữ la 1 mệnh đề Ex That you get high mark in school is very good

**Với từ there / here thì chia theo danh từ ở phía sau động từ chính Eg:There is a book.

There are two books.

Phần bài tập:

EXERCISES 1:Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense

1 Neither Bill nor Mary ……….(be) going to the party tonight

2 A number of reporters ………(be) at the conference yesterday

3 Everything ……… (be) all right so far

4 Physics ………(be) my best subject at school

5 The United Nations ………(consist) of about 160 nations

6 Washing dishes ………(be) women’s work

7 The number of days in a week ……… (be) seven

8 His answers to the questions ……… (change) so far

9 There……… (be) only a few people at the meeting last night

10 Both of the girls………(be) pretty, but neither of them ………(be) intelligent

11 There………(be) a few flowers in this garden last summer

12 Much progress……… (have) been made in recent weeks

13 Collecting old coins and paper notes ………… (be) one of my grandfather's hobbies when he retired

14 Everybody……… (try) to do the best at present

15 The English ……… (like) to drink tea

16 Three months (be)……… a long time to wait

17 Five dollars (be)……… too much to pay for that book

18 A number of books (be)……… on the table.

19 The number of students in this class (be)……… limited to thirty

20 It (be)……… my two brothers who (be) hurt

21 Neither of the answers (be) ………correct

22 Everybody (have)……… a good time

23 Either your key or my key (be)………… missing

24 John or his brothers (be)……… going to help me

25 Bread and butter (be) ……….all he asked for

26 The author and lecturer (be)……… arriving today

27 My old friend and colleague, George (be) ……….in town

28 The boxes of candy (be) ……….on the table

29 The package of cigarettes (be) ……….on the table

30 Oranges and cream (be) ……….perishable and should be refrigerated

31 Most of the members (be) ……….happy

32 Half of the students (be)……… looking out

33 There (be)……… plenty of time./ There (be)……… a lot of lakes

34 My wife, not my friends, ( is waiting/are waiting) for me

35 Early to bed and early to rise (make)……… a man healthy, wealthy and wise

36 Either the mayor or the eldermen (be) ……….to blame

37 The girl, as well as the boys, (has/have) learnt to ride

38 The bat together with the ball (was/were) stolen

39 Here (be) ………bread and butter for breakfast

40 Noone (be) eager to be examined the first

41 Three fourths of the wall (be) …………painted

42 Two fifths of the members (be)………… present

43 Two plus two (be) ……….four

44 Nine from fourteen (be)……… five

45 Twenty years (be) ……not a long period of time in human history

46 Five dollars (be) a small sum

47 “ The three Musketeers” (be) written by Alexandre Dumas

48 You don’t have to say much , a word or two (be) sufficient

49 The number of new books in our library (be) ……… ever growing

50 A number of new books in our library (be) displayed at the book show

51 There (be) a lot of traffic on this road

EXERCISES 2:Choose the best answers to complete the sentences

1 Each of you …… responsible for this.(A are / B being /C is / D be)

2 Bill together with his brothers …… to the beach every morning

A going B goes C are D gone

3 Either the monitor or the athletes …to blame for the bad result(A.be/B.are/C is/Dto be)

4 Everyone …… with me about my plans.(A agree /B agreeing /C disagree/D agrees)

5 Tim as well as his relatives … safe from the hurricane.(A.be / B is / C are /D being)

6 The results of Dr Frank’s experiment …… announced on TV last night

A is B are C was D were

7 Fifty minutes …… the maximum length of time allowed for the exam

A is B be C are D were

8 The cost of living …… over 10% in the last few years

A rises B has risen C rose D is rising

9 A number of sheep …… eating grass now.A is B are C was D were

10 Measles …… sometimes a serious disease.(A is /B are /C being/D be)

11 Making cakes and pies …… Mrs Reed’s specialty.A are B were C is D be

12 Plenty of milk …… consumed everyday.(A are /B were /C is/D was)

13 SARS …… an epidemic that kills many people in china

A are B were C have been D is

14 The United States … between Canada and Mexico.(A lying /B lies /C laid /D lie)

15.The students in the next classroom …… very loudly everyday

A talk B talked C are talking D talks

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 5: CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT Phần lý thuyết:

Sử dụng thì trong câu tường thuật theo các bước:

- Xác định động từ tường thuật xem coi nó ở QK => Lùi thì; HT => Không lùi thì

- Xác định động từ trong mệnh đề tường thuật dựa vào trạng từ

- Lưu ý nếu là dạng câu hỏi, các em cần phải sắp xếp theo đúng trật của câu tường thuật (không có

đảo ngữ).

Direct speech and Reported speech

I Definition:

1 Lời nói trực tiếp: là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.

- Lời nói trực tiếp được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép và sau động từ chính có dấu phẩy(,) hoặc dấu hai chấm(:)

- Đôi khi mệnh đề chính cũng có thể đặt sau lời nói trực tiếp

Ex: “ I don’t like this party” Bill said

2 Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không

cần phải dung đúng những từ của người nói

Ex: Bill said that he didn’t like that party

II Những thay đổi trong lời nói gián tiếp:

1 Thay đổi động từ: Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi về quá khứ (các thì xuống cấp):

1 Present Simple:V1

Ex1: Nam said “I am told to be at school

before 7 o’clock”

Ex2: He said “ I like beer”

2 Present Progressive: am/is/are +Ving

Ex: He said “I’m watching TV”

3 Present Perfect: has/have + V3/ed

Ex: He said “ I have just bought a new book”

4 Past Simple: V2/ed

Ex: They said “ We came by car ”

5 Past Progressive: was/were + V-ing

Ex: He said “I was sitting in the park at 8

o’clock”

1 Past Simple:V2/edEX1: Nam said (that) he was told to be at school before 7 o’clock

Ex2: He said (that) He liked beer

2 Past Progressive:was/were+VingEx: He said (that) he was watching TV

3 Past Perfect: had + V3/edEx: He said (that) I had just bought a new book

4 Past Perfect: had + V3/edEx: They said (that) they had come by car

5 was/were+V-ing or Past Perfect progressive

6 Past Perfect: had + V3/ed

Ex: She said “ My money had run out”

7 Future Simple: will +V without to (V0)

Ex: Lan said “I’ll phone you”

Ex: He said “I must finish this report”

Ex:-He said ( that ) he was sitting in the park

10 must/ had toEx: He said ( that)he had to finish that report

* Chú ý: Một số trường hợp không đổi thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp:

- Nếu động từ ở mệnh đề giới thiệu được dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc tương lai đơn, thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp vẫn không thay đổi

Eg: He says/ he is saying/ he has said/ he will say, “the text is difficult”

 He says/ is saying/ has said/ will say (that) the text is difficult

- Khi câu nói trực tiếp thể hiện một chân lý hoặc một hành động lặp lại thường xuyên, thì của động

từ trong câu gián tiếp vẫn không thay đổi

Eg: My teacher said “The sun rises in the East”

 My teacher said (that) the sun rises in the East

He said, ‘My father always drinks coffee after dinner’

 He said (that) his father always drinks coffee after dinner

- Nếu lúc tường thuật, điểm thời gian được đưa ra trong lời nói gián tiếp vẫn chưa qua, thì của động

từ và trạng từ thời gian vẫn được giữ nguyên

Eg: He said, “ I will come to your house tomorrow”

 He said (that) he will come to my house tomorrow

- Câu trực tiếp có dạng câu điều kiện loại 2 hoặc loại 3:

Eg: He said; “If I knew her address, I would write to her”

 He said that he would write to her If he knew her address

Eg: She said, “If I had enough money, I would buy a new bicycle.”

 She said (that) if she had enough money, she would buy a new bicycle

Eg: The teacher said, “If John had studied harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam.”

 The teacher said (that) if John had studied harder, he wouldn’t have failed his exam

Tuy nhiên nếu lời nói trực tiếp là câu điều hiện loại 1 thì được chuyển sang loại 2 ở lời nói gián tiếp

Eg: The advertisement said; “If you answer the questions correctly, you may win one million dollar”  The advertisement said that I might win one million dollar If I answered the questions correctly

- Không thay đổi thì của mệnh đề sau “wish’

Eg: He said; “I wish I had a lot of money”

 He wishes (that) he had a lot of money

- Không thay đổi thì của mệnh đề sau “It’s (high/ about) time”

Eg: She said; “It’s about time you went to bed; children”

 She told her children that It’s about time they went to bed

- Không thay đổi thì của mệnh đề đi sau ‘would rather, would sooner”

Eg: She said; “I would rather you stayed at home”

 She said that she would rather I stayed at hone

- Không thay đổi thì của:

Could, would, might, should

Ought, had better, need trong câu nói gián tiếp

Nhưng must -> had to/ must

Eg: She said; “I could do the homework

 She said the she could do the homework

- Động từ trong câu nói trực tiếp có thời gian xác định:

Eg: He said, “I was born in 1980”

 he said that he was born in 1980

- Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian trong câu phức có thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn

Eg: “I saw him when he was going to the cinema”

She said she saw him when she was going to the cinema

2 Thay đổi về đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ sở hữu, tính từ sở hữu:

 Đại từ nhân xưng

Chủ ngữ

usyou

Him/ herThemThem/ him/ her

ouryour

His/ herTheir

Their/ his/ her/my

oursyours

Him/ hersTheirsTheirs/ his/hers

3 Thay đổi về từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn:

Nhãm tõ trong c©u trùc tiÕp Nhãm tõ trong c©u gi¸n tiÕp

last month/ night … the moth before / the previous month/ night

The day before yesterday Two days before

The day after tomorrow In two days’ time

next month/ week the month after / the following month/ week

He, shetheyThey/ he/ she/ I

* Chỳ ý:- Nếu tờng thuật vẫn cùng ở 1 địa điểm và thời gian, chúng ta không thay đổi thì của động

từ, tính từ chỉ định và trạng ngữ thời gian và nơi chốn

Eg: He said “ I will come here to take this book tonight”

 An hour ago he said he will come here to take this book tonight

- Thêm liên từ vào câu tờng thuật chỉ nguyên nhân

Eg: She said “ I am very tired I have worked overnight.”

 She said she was very tires because she had been worked

III Những thay đổi cụ thể trong từng loại cõu trong lời núi giỏn tiếp

1 Cõu trần thuật trong lời núi giỏn tiếp: (Statements in reported speech)

S + said (to + O) + that S + V……

S + told + O + that S + V….

Eg: ‘We will have a test tomorrow’, Our teacher said.

-> Our teacher said (that) We would have a test the next day

Our teacher told us that We would have a test the next day

*Note: Cú thể sử dụng một số ĐT dẫn sau: thought, announced, explained, complained, believed…

2 Cõu hỏi trong lời núi giỏn tiếp (Questions in reported speech)

Chú ý: Khi chuyển cõu hỏi trực tiếp thành giỏn tiếp cũng cần ỏp dụng qui tắc chuyển đổi trờn,

ngoài ra cần thay đổi:

- Động từ tường thuật cõu hỏi giỏn tiếp là asked/ wanted to know/ wondered ( tự hỏi)

- Trật tự từ chuyển về dạng trần thuật tức là chủ ngữ đứng trước động từ và khụng cú trợ động từ

- Khụng dựng liờn từ “that’, dấu “?” được bỏ đi

a Yes/ no questions:S + asked + ( O ) + if / whether + clause

Eg: Tuan asked Ba “Are you fond of watching television?”

Tuan asked Ba if/whether he was fond of watching television

b Wh-questions:S + asked + (O) + wh - word + clause

Eg: He said to me, “Why did you go with her father last week?”

He asked me why I had gone with her father the week before

 Chỳ ý: Trong trường hợp cõu trực tiếp cú cả cõu trần thuật và cõu hỏi khi đổi sang cõu giỏn tiếpphần nào vẫn cứ đi phần ấy

Eg: “ I have left my watch at home Can you tell me the time?”

He said that he had left his watch at home and asked me if I could tell him the time

3 Cõu mệnh lệnh trong lời núi giỏn tiếp (Imperative in reported speech)

Khi đổi câu mệnh lệnh trực tiếp thành câu mệnh lệnh gián tiếp, cần lu ý:

+ Động từ tờng thuật là: ordered, commanded (ra lệnh), requested, asked (yêu cầu), told (bảo làm ) + Tâm ngữ trực tiếp chỉ ngời nhận mệnh lệnh đợc nêu lên

+ Hình thức mệnh lệnh của động từ trong câu mệnh lệnh trực tiếp đổi thành động từ nguyên thể

(+) He/ she + ordered + object + to infinitive

commanded

told asked requested

Eg: “Please wait for a minute.” The man asked me

 The man asked me to wait for a minute

“Would you mind opening the door” she asked me

She asked me to open the door

He said to the waiter, “ Please bring me some hot water.”

 He told to the waiter to bring him some hot water

I said to her “Please shut the window.”

 I asked her to shut the window

(-) He/ she ordered + object not to + infinitive

told asked

Eg: “ Please don’t talk loudly”.

 He asked me not to talk loudly

He said “Don’t shut the door”

 He asked me not to shut the door

4 Cõu cảm thỏn trong lời núi giỏn tiếp: (Exclamationin reported speech)

- Động từ tường thuật là: exclaim/shout

Eg: He said, “ What a lovely garden they have”

He exclaimed that they had a lovely garden

- Cỏc hỡnh thức cảm thỏn bắt đầu bằng “what’ và “how” chuyển sang giỏn tiếp bằng:

He said that it was … / hoặc He exclaimed that it was …

Eg1: She said; “What a pity!” (Direct speech) -> She exclaimed that it was a pity

Eg2: I said; “What a nice horse” -> I exclaimed that it was a nice hoese

Eg3: He said; “How beautiful she is!”-> He exclaimed that she was beautiful!

Eg4: “What a big egg” he said -> He said that it was a big egg

Eg5: “ How dreadful!” he said -> He exclaimed that it was dreadful

5 Reported speech with to infinitive

- Khi lời nói gián tiếp là lời đề nghị, mệnh lệnh, ý định, lời hứa, lời yêu cầu, động từ tờng thuật

cùng với động từ nguyên mẫu theo sau thờng dùng để truyền tải nội dung lời nói trên

 Động từ tờng thuật + tân ngữ + động từ nguyên mẫu (to-infinitive)

*Động từ tờng thuật: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn,

want., beg, instruct, persuade…

 Động từ tờng thuật + động từ nguyên mẫu (to-infinitive)

*Động từ tờng thuật:agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide

 Would you/ Could you / Will you/ Can you -> asked+ sb + to + V

 Would you mind + V-ing /Do you mind + V-ing -> asked + sb + to +V

 Would you like/ Will you -> invited + sb + to + V

a Đề nghị, lời mời: S + invite + (O) + to V …/ S + offer + to V …

Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink? > He invited me to go out for a drink

She said to me; “How about some coffee”-> She invited me some coffee

“I will look after the house for you if you like” he said

-> He offered to look after the house for me if I liked

* Ta sử dụng “ Would you like to V / How about …/ Why don’t you + … để mời

Eg: Why don’t you come to my village to have a day off?

* Offer: - Would you like me to V

- Shall I do / Can I…? Could I …?

- I’ll do … if you like

Eg: Can I help you with the dishes? Shall I shut the door?

Would you like a drink? Would you like to come for a meal?

b Yờu cầu: (động từ tường thuật ask)

Ex: She said, “Can you lend me your book?”

-> She asked me to lend her my book

* Ta có thể sử dụng : Could you….? , Can you …? Would you mind …? Or cõu mệnh lệnh để yờu cầu

“Would you mind closing the door?”  he asked me to close the door

Can you close the door? Close the door ,please

* “I’d like…” “Can I have…?” khi chuyển sang giỏn tiếp ta ỏp dụng cấu trỳc

“Could I have…?”

S + asked + someboby + for + something

Ex: In a restaurant, the man said; “I’d like a bottle of red wine, please”

-> The man asked for a bottle of red wine

c Khuyên bảo:

Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said

-> My mother advised me to study harder

*Lêi khuyªn thêng b¾t ®Çu b»ng:

- You should / You ought to V

- If I were you , I would/ should …

- You had better …

- Why don’t you …

Eg’ Why don’t you repaint our room? She advised me to repaint their room

Chuyển sang gián tiếp cĩ cấu trúc sau: S + advised + O + to V …

d Lời nhắc nhở

“Remember…” khi chuyển sang lời nĩi gián tiếp ta áp dụng cấu trúc sau

Don’t for get

 S + remind(ed) + someboby + to Infinitive verb

Ex: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”

-> She reminded me to ring her up the bext eveining

e Sự đồng ý về quan điểm như: all right, yes, of course (áp dụng cấu trúc sau):

S + agreed + to verb…

Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said

-> He agreed to wait for me

f Câu trực tiếp diễn tả điều mong muốn như: would like, wish (áp dụng cấu trúc sau): S +

wanted + obj + to verb…

Ex: “I’d like Lan to become a doctor,” my mum said

-> My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor

g Từ chối : S + refused + to V …

Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”

-> He refused to lend me his car

h Lời hứa: S + promised to V…

Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday”

-> He promised to send me a card on my birthday

* Cơng thức chung khi đổi sang câu tường thuật với to V:

S + V (+ O) + to V

6 Reported speech with gerund: (câu gián tiếp với danh động từ)

- Khi lời nĩi gián tiếp là lời đề nghị, chúc mừng, cảm ơn, xin lỗi ….động từ tường thuật cùng vớidanh động từ theo sau nĩ thường dùng để truyền tải nội dung lời nĩi trên

 Động từ tường thuật + V-ing

* Động từ tường thuật:deny, admit, suggest, regret

Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”

-> He suggested going home

 Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + Ving…

* Động từ tường thuật: : dream of, object to, insist on, complain about, think of, look forward

to

Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan

-> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.

 Động từ tường thuật + giới từ + tân ngữ + Ving…

* Động từ tường thuật: thank sb for, accuse sb of, congratulate sb on, apologize sb for, warn sb

against, prevent sb from, stop sb from…

Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me Thank you very much,” Tom said to you

-> Tom thanked me for helping him.

Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said

-> Peter apologised for being late.

 Danh động từ tờng thuật thờng đi theo động từ tờng thuật SUGGEST trong các mẫu câu

đề nghị sau:

 Why don’t you/ Why not / How about -> suggest + sb + V-ing

 Let’s / Let’s not -> suggest + V-ing/ suggest + not+ V-ing

 Shall we/ It’s a good idea -> suggest + V-ing.

a Cảm ơn, xin lỗi:

S + thanked + s.o + for + v-ing

S + apologized for + (not) + v-ing

S + apologized + to + s.o + for + (not) + v-ing

Ex1: “It was nice of you to help me Thank you very much,” Tom said to you

-> Tom thanked me for helping him.

Ex2: “I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said

-> Peter apologised for being late.

b Chỳc mừng:S + congratulated + s.o + on + v-ing

Ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship Congratulations!”

-> John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.

“I hear you passed your exams Congratulations!” John said to us

-> Tom congratulated us on passing our exams

c Cương quyết, khăng khăng:S + insisted + on + v-ing…

Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan

-> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.

“I’ll drive you to the station I insist,” Peter said to Linda

-> Peter insisted on driving Linda to the station

d Cảnh bỏo, ngăn cản:

Lời cảnh bỏo như : be careful, be dangerous

a S + warned + s.o + to verb…

b S + warned + s.o + against + v-ing …

ex1: “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night”; he said

-> He warned us to be careful strangers and not to out at night

Ex2: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann

-> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airport

Ex3: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda

-> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.

Ngăn cản: S + prevented, stopped + s.o + from + v-ing…

Ex1: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane

-> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night

Ex2: “Sit here I can’t let you stand all the time,” Mary said to me

-> Mary prevented me from standing all the time.

e Chấp nhận hoặc phủ nhận:

Ex1: “We stole his money,” they said

-> They admitted stealing his money.

Ex2: “I didn’t steal his money,” she said

-> She denied stealing his money.

f Đề nghị, gợi ý: S + suggest + (not) + V-ing …

S1 + suggest (ed) + That + S2 + should + bare infinitive

Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home”

-> He suggested going home

-> He suggested that we should go home

Ex: “Let’s go out for a drink,” Susan said

-> Susan suggested going out for a drink.

* Lời đề nghị, gợi ý thờng bắt đầu bằng:

- sử dụng “could” để gợi ý: She could phone her

- Shall we …

Shall we go and see a film?

Shall we talk about something different now?

- What about …/ How about V-ing…/ Let’s V……./ Why don’t we V …

What about going to Judy's?

How about using my car?

Let's go outside.

Why don't you write to her yourself?

g Tố cỏo, buộc tội:

Ex: “You took some of my money,” he said

-> He accused me of taking some of his money.

h Mơ ước:S + dreamed + of + v-ing…

Ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said

-> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.

“I’ve always wante to be rich, ” Bob said

-> Bob had always dreamed of being rich

i Sửù suy nghú veà caựi gỡ (aựp duùng caỏu truực sau) S + think (thought) + of +v-ing…

Ex: John’s wife: The house is very nice! We’ll certainly buy it

John : I think so

-> John and his wife were thinking of buying the house

k Sửù chaỏp nhaọn (aựp duùng caỏu truực sau) S + admitted + v-ing…

Detective: You have stolen Mrs Brown’s car!

The thief|: Yes…! But…

-> The thief admitted stealing/having stolen Mrs Brown’s car

l Sửù mong ủụùi (aựp duùng caỏu truực sau) S + looked forward to + v-ing…

Ex: “Mr.Smith: I feel like meeting our children soon”

Mrs Smith: I think so

-> Mr and Mrs Smith looked forward to meeting their children soon

7 Cỏc hỡnh thức hỗn hợp trong lời núi giỏn tiếp: (mixed forms in reported speech)

Lời núi trực tiếp cú thể bao gồm nhiều hỡnh thức hỗn hợp: cõu khẳng định, cõu hỏi, cõu mệnh lệnh, cõu cảm thỏn:

Eg: 1 He said, “Can you play the guitar?” and I said “No”

 He asked me if I could play the guitar and I said that I couldn’t

2 “I don’t know the way Do you? He asked

 He said that he didn’t know the way and asked her if she knew it

3 “I’m going to shopping Can I get you something? She said

 She said that she was going to shopping and asked if she could get me anything

ExercisesI: Change these sentences into Reported Speech:

1 Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”

EXERCISES II (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/NO QUESTIONS)

1 “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter

10 “Were you reading this book at 8 o’clock last Sunday?” Huong asked Ba

……….………

EXERCISES III(REPORTED SPEECH: WH-QUESTIONS)

1 “Where does your father work?” Thang asked Huyen

EXERCISES IV Reported speech with to infinitive

1 She said to him: “give me another glass of wine”

EXERCISES V Complete the sentences in reported speech

1 "Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said.→ The teacher told Joe

2 "Be patient," she said to him.→ She told him

3 "Go to your room," her father said to her.→ Her father told her

4 "Hurry up," she said to us.→ She told us

5 "Play it again, Sam," she said.→ She asked Sam

6 "Fill in the form, Sir," the receptionist said.→ The receptionist asked the guest

7 "Take off your shoes," she told us.→ She told us

8 "Mind your own business," she told him.→ She told him

9 "Don't touch it," she said to him.→ She told him

10 "Don't do that again," he said to me.→ He told me

11 "Don't talk to me like that," he said.→ He told her

12 "Don't repair the computer yourself," she warned him.→ She warned him

13 "Don't go out without me," he begged her.→ He begged her

14 "Don't forget your bag," she told me.→ She told me

15 "Don't give yourself up," he advised her.→ He advised her

16 "Don't hurt yourselves, boys," she said.→ She told the boys

EXERCISES VI Change the following sentence into reported speech:

1 Teacher to John “Write that exercise carefully”

 Some special cases:

1 Indirect speech with Let’s/ Let him/ Let her/ Let them:

+ Let’s/ Let him/ let her/ Let them do something

 … suggest that somebody should do something (dùng cho mọi trường hợp)

Eg: “Let’s eat out tonight” she said  She suggested that they should eat out that night

“Let him prepare all the lesson.” She said  She suggested that he should prepare all the lesson

+ Let’s/let him/ let her …

… suggest + V-ing (dùng cho let’s)

…suggest + somebody’s + V-ing ( dùng cho let him/ let her/ let them

Eg: “Let’s go camping next weekend” he said He suggested going camping the following weekend

“Let them do their exercises this morning” she said  She suggested their doing exercises that morning

2 + “Yes, let’s”  agree

Eg” “Let’s go to the theatre tonight? He said

“Yes, let’s’ said one of his friends

 He suggested going to the theatre that night and one of his friends agreed

+ “No, Let’s not”  object to the idea/ be against the idea

Eg’ “No, let’s not It is hot” said another friend

 but another friend objected to that idea/ was against it because it was hot

3 Let = allow

Eg: “Let him go with me, mother” she said  She asked her mother to let him go with her

“Let her do it herself, teacher” he said to his teacher  He asked his teacher to let her do it herself

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG:

EXERCISES I Change the following sentences into reported speech:

1 “Let’s give a party” said Ann

“Let’s not” said her husband

2 “Let’s take a tent and camp out” said Bill

“ Good idea” said Nina

3 “Let the children stay indoor tonight.” Mr Dong said

4 “Let me go”Mr Quang said to the policeman

5 “Let’s go swimming in the lake” Huynh said

“No, it is against law” said his friend

6 “Let’s prepare everything for the party” Ha said

“Yes, let’s” said her friend

7 “Let’s stay here till the storm has passed” KimAnh said

8 “Don’t ride your bike too close the car in front” said my mother (warn)

EXERCISES II Rewrite the following sentences using given words or phrases:

1 ‘What’s your job?” Mary asked Tom

Mary wanted to ………

2 The factory inspector asked me “where I kept the fine fighting equipment’’

4 Indirect speech with ‘must” ‘need” “have to”

+ I must do … = unchanged/ had to

Eg: ‘I must be there at 6 a.m” he said  He said he must/ had to be there at 6 a.m

+ Must I/ you/ he … do …? = had to

Eg: “Must you get ready for the party” he said  He asked if I/ she had to get ready for the party

+ I must not do … = unchanged

Eg: “I must not get up early tomorrow”, she said  she said that she must not get up early the next day

+ You/ She/ He must not do … = unchanged/ weren’t to do/ wasn’t to do

Eg: “He must not be present at the meeting today” she said

 She said that he must not be/ wasn’t to be present at the meeting that day

+ I needn’t do = needn’t have to/ wouldn’t have to …

Eg” “I needn’t do my homework” she said

 She said that she needn’t have to do her homework/ wouldn’t have to do her homework

+ You he/ she needn’t do … = unchanged

Eg: “You needn’t lock the door” she said

 She said that he needn’t lock the door

+ Need I/ you/ he do …? = unchanged / had to

Eg: “Need I prepare everything for the meal” she said

 She asked if she need/ had to prepare everything for the meal

5 Indirect speech with some expressions:

+ “Thanks” he said

 He thanked me

+ “Good luck” he said  He wished me good luck

“Happy Christmas” he said  he wished me happy Christmas

+ “Congratulation” she said  He congratulated me

+ The notice said ‘Welcome to Bacgiang”

The notice welcomed visitors to Bac giang

+ “No/ Yes”  Subject + Auxiliary verb

Eg: “Did you have a good time” he said; “yes’ I said

 He asked me if I had had a good time and I said I had

“Have you done your work” he said “ No’ I said

 He asked me if I had done my work and I said I hadn’t

+ Good morning/ evening/ hello  Subject + greet …

EXERCISES 1 Change into reported speech:

1 She said; “How beautiful they are”

2 I said; “How fast he is running!”

3 He said; “What a lovely house!”

4 She said; “What beautiful flowers!”

5 She said to him; “Shall we eat out tonight?”

6 Why don’t you put a better lock on the door?

7 He said; “Cigarette”, I answer “No thanks”

8 She said to me; “Remember to lock the door before you go to bed”

9 She said; “Can I have some money; Mum?”

10 She said; “The earth moves around the sun”

11 Tom said; “I would rather you started today”

12 She said; “Could I have a cup of coffee”

13 “Would you mind waiting?” he said

14 “Would you like to drink coffee?” he said

15 Lan said; “You had better go to the doctor?”

16 Henry said; “Let’s not much fuss about it”

17 They said; “We will wait for if you are late”

18 Peter said; “I wish I had something to eat”

19 My mother said; “If I were you, I should do nothing about it”

20 The coach said to them; “It’s high time we began training for our next match”

21 I sai to her; “I wish you had seen it”

22 His mother said; “Don’t forget to thank Mrs Jones”

23 He said; “You might check these figures for me”

24 “Where shall we meet?” I said “What about the hotel?” bill said

25 “You needn’t come in tomorrow”, said my employer “Take the day off”

Exercise2:Complete the sentences in reported speech.

1 "Where is my umbrella?" she asked

4 "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter

→ The mother asked her daughter ………

5 "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her boyfriend

→ She asked her boyfriend ………

6 "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me

→ He wanted to know ………

7 The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?"

→ The teacher wanted to know………

8 "How do you know that?" she asked me

→ She asked me ………

9 "Has Caron talked to Kevin?" my friend asked me

→ My friend asked me………

Exercise2:Complete the sentences in reported speech.