Phần 1 tài liệu Tuyển chọn bài thi trắc nghiệm theo cấu trúc đề thi môn Hóa học giới thiệu tới người đọc các bài thi trắc nghiệm theo cấu trúc đề thi, một số phương pháp giải nhanh các bài toán trắc nghiệm hóa học. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo nội dung chi tiết.
Trang 1C A O D A N G
1 C^u true de thi
De thi ducJc ra theo chuong trinh THFT hien hhnh, chu yeu la chuong
trinh 16p 12
- D6'i vdi cac m6n: Toan, Vat If, Hoa hoc, Sinh hoc, Ngtr van, U c h sijr, Dia If 8^ thi m6i m6n g6m hai phSn:
+ Phdn chung cho ta't ca thf sinh, ra theo n6i dung gi6'ng nhau giCra
chuong trinh Chu^n va chuong trinh Nang cao
+ Phdn rieng ra theo tCmg chuong trinh: Chuong trinh Chudn va chuong
trinh Nang cao Thf sinh diroc chon m6t phdn rieng thfch hop de lam bai; neu lam ca hai phdn rieng thi ca hai phSn rieng d^u khdng duoc cha'm
- D6'i voi cac m6n Ngoai ngu: thi m6i m6n chi c6 phSn chung danh cho tat ca thf sinh, ra theo ndi dung gifi'ng nhau gi&a chuong trinh Chudn va chuong trinh Nang cao, kh6ng c6 phSn rieng
2 Yeu cau va mufc do kien thiirc
a) Yeu cdu 6n tdp: On tap toan b6 chuong trinh da hoc, khdng hoc tu,
hoc lech Bam sat yeu cSu, miic d6 cua thi tuydn sinh Dai hoc va Cao dang
Trong qua trinh 6n thi cin nang cao kie'n thiic va k l nang co ban, d6ng thcfi
nang cao kha nang suy luan, nang luc tu duy, sang tao
b) MAc do cdn dqt ve kien thifc, ki nang
- Ve kien thifc: Yeu cixx thf sinh phai nam vung, hidu ban cha't, hieu
sau cac kie'n thiic trong chuong trinh va sach giao khoa
- Ve kl nang: Van dung thanh thao cac kie'n thiic da hoc d^ tra Idi cac
cau hoi hoac giai bai tap; c6 k l nang tfnh toan, ve hinh, dung bi^u d6
3 Cau true de thi tuyen sinh Dai hoe - Cao dang mon Hoa hoc
I P H A N C H U N G C H O T X T C A T H I S I N H (40 eau)
eau
1 Nguyen tir, bang tuSn hoan cac nguyen t6' hod hoc, lien ke't hoa hoc 2
2 Phan ling oxi hoa-khii, t6'c d6 phan ling va can bang hoa hoc 2
4 Phi kim (cacbon, silic, nito, photpho, oxi, luu huynh, halogen) 2
6 Kim loai ki^m, kim loai ki^m thd, nh6m, sat 2
5
Trang 27 Tong hop ndi dung cac kie'n thiJc hoa v6 cor thudc chuong trinh
8 Dai cuong hoa hoc hOu co, hidrocacbon 2
15 Tong hop noi dung cac kien thiic hoa hiJu co thu6c chuong
16 Toe do phan ling, can bang hoa hoc, sir difn l i 1
19 Crom, dong, niken, chi, kem, bac, ^'ang, thiS'e 2
20 Phan biet cha't v6 co, hoa hoe va van dt phat tris'n kinh l€, xa h6i,
moi Irucfng
1
21 D i n xuat halogen, phenol, ancol 1
2 Theo chirang trinh Nang cao (10 cau)
24 Toe do phan ling, can bang hoa hoc, su dien l i 1
25 Andehit, xeton, axit cacboxylic • 2
27 Crom, dong, niken, chi, kem, bac, vang, thie'e 2
28 Phan biet chat v6 co, chuan do dung djch, hoa hoc va va'n de
phat trien kinh te, xa hdi, moi tru&ng
1
6
KHAI QUAT
VE PHl/ONG PHAP TRAC NGHIEM
Co hai loai trac nghidm:
- Trac nghiem tu luan (thu5ng goi tat la tu luan)
- Trac nghiSm khach quan (thucrng goi tat la trac nghiem)
Tide nghiem tu luan (cau hoi tu luan): Khi lam bai, hoc sinh phai viet cau tra Idi, phai l i giai, Mp luan chiing minh bang kie'n thiic ciia minh
Trac nghiem khdch quan (cau hoi trac nghiem): K h i lam bai, hoc sinh
chi phai doc, suy nghi de lura chpn dap an dung trong s6' cac phuong an da cho Th5i gian danh cho m6i cau chi tiir 1 - 2 phiit
Goi la tide nghiem khdeh quan la do each cha'm die'm ra't khach quan
(thircfng la dting may tinh) Di^m dirge tinh bang each dem so Mn chon
dugc cau tra Icfi dung
cau hoi trac nghiem co 4 dang ehinh:
1 Cau dien khuyet
\m hai phSn:
- Phdn cdu dan la nhirng cau hoac phuong trinh hoa hoc, co nhiJng
ch6 con bo trong (ghi bang cac da'u )
- Phdn trd Idi la nhiJng tii, cum tii, nhirng c6ng thiic hoa hge phai lua
chon va di^n vao ch6 trong cho phii hgp
- Thi du: Trong nguySn tu: 29CU co (1) electron, (2) proton
va (3) notron
2 Cau phep doi
Gom hai phSn:
- Phdn edu ddn b c6t thii nha't g6m mot phSn ciia cau (cau chua hoan
thanh) hay m6t yfiu ciw
- Phdn trd Idi d c6t thii hai g6m m6l ph^n con lai ciia cau hoac mot dap an
ma ta phai chon d^ ghep vdi c6t thii nha't thanh cau phu hap hoan chi'nh
- Thi du: Chon san phdm phan ling d e6t thii hai ghep vdi cac cha't
phan ling d c6t thii nha't de dugc phuong trinh hoa hoc phii hop hoan chinh:
7
Trang 3Cot thix nhat Cot thijf hai D a p an
3) N a C l + N a C l O , + H j O 4) K C l + O2
- Phan cdu ddn la m 6 t cSu c6 n 6 i dung cSn xac d i n h d i i n g hay sai
- Phan trd Idi g o m chU D (nfe'u cho la d u n g ) hay chC S (n6'u cho la sai)
K h o a n h t r o n m o t t r o n g hai chiJ do k h i xac d i n h
- Thi du: H i d r o c a c b o n no c h i t h a m gia phan ling th6', k h 6 n g tha m gia
phan ufng c6ng D - S
Dap an S: Hidrocacbon no n h u xiciopropan (hay x i c l o b u t a n ) c6 thi
tham gia plian l i n g c6ng mcf vong
4 C a u n h i e u lura c h o n (hay dung nhat)
G 6 m hai phdn:
- Phan cdu ddn la m 6 t cSu h o i hoSc m 6 t cau chua hoan thanh (cau bo
l u n g ) , c^n gbep v6i m 6 t dap an di duoc cau hoan c h i n h
- Phan trd Idi g 6 m 4 hoac 5 phucfng an, phai c h o n p h u a n g an d u n g
(hay diing nha't, dSy d i l nha't)
- Thidu 1: Cho 20 gam h 6 n hop M g va Fe tac d u n g vdi dung dich H C I
d u thay CO 1 gam k h i H , bay ra N6'u dem c6 can d u n g d i c h sau phan ung
t h i t h u dugc bao nhifiu gam m u o i khan?
A 50 gam B 55,5 g a m
C 60 gam D 60,5 gam
Hay chon dap an d i i n g
Hu&ng ddn trd l&i
- Cdch gidi thong thudng:
G p i x va y la s6' m o l M g va Fe c6 trong 20 gam h 6 n hop
Cac phuong t r i n h phan l i n g :
Tir phan tir H C I = nc, = j = 1 m o l nguyen tir
N h u vay: 1 m o l nguyen tur H bay ra t h i cung phai c6 1 m o l nguyen tir
CI (hay 35,5 gam) tao muO'i
m„„rti = m „ + m^,, = 20 + 35,5 = 55,5 (gam)
D a p an B
Thi du 2: Chia m 6 t l u g n g hOn hop 2 ancol no, don chiJc thanh hai ph^n
bang nhau
Phan 1: D6t chay hoan toan, thu dugc 2,24 l i t C O , (dktc)
Phan 2: T a c h nudrc (dehdrat hoa) hoan toan, t h u dugc 2 anken
D6't chay hoan toan h6n hgp 2 anken t h u dugc m g a m H j O
- Cdch gidi thong thudng:
G g i C T P T t r u n g b i n h ciia 2 ancol la CjjHjn+iOH
G g i X la so m o l ciia 2 ancol trong m 6 i phdn
Trang 4CHH2H + n C 0 2 + n H ^ O
X mol nx n x = 0,lmol
mH^o =0,1.18 = 1,8 (gam)
Dap an D
- Cdch gidi nhanh: D6't chay phSn 1 thu dugc 0,1 mol COj, phSn 2
tach nudrc thi s6' mol anken bang s6' mol ancol SO' nguydn tur C trong anken
bang s6' nguyen tit C trong ancol
SO' mol COj khi dO't anken = sO' mol CO2 khi dO't ancol va bang sO' mol H2O
mH20= O'l.lS = 1,8 gam
CM y: Khi lam bai tap trac nghifim, vi khOng phai trinh b^y each giai
nfin ta dung each giai nhanh (giai nh^m) d^ chon dap an diing
10
P H A N I
T U Y E N C H O N B A I T H I T R A C N G H I E M
T H E O C A U T R U C D E T H I
A PHAN CHUNG CHO TAT C A C A C THI SINH
1 NGIIYEN TU; BANG TUAN HO AN, LIEN KET HOA HOC
1.1 Cho cac nguyen to M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) va R (Z = 19)
DO am di6n cua cac nguyen to' tang din theo thii tu
A M < X < Y < R B R < M < X < Y
C Y < M < X < R D M < X < R < Y
1.2 Trong tu nhien, nguyen to c6 hai d6ng vi la 29 Cu va 29 Cu Nguyen tir
khO'i trung binh cua d6ng la 63,54 Thanh phSn phSn tram t6ng so
nguyen tur ciia ddng vi 29 Cu la
A 27% B 50%
C 54%.' D 73%
1.3 Trong hgtp chat ion XY (X la kim loai, Y la phi kim), sO' electron cua
cation bang sO' electron cua anion va t6ng sO' electron trong XY la 20 Biet trong moi hop cha't, Y chi c6 mOt miic oxi hoa duy nha't
A nhucrng 13 electron B nhan 12 electron
C nhan 13 electron D nhuomg 12 electron
1 5 Day g6m cac ion X^, Y" va nguy6n tCr Z d^u c6 ca'u hinh electron ls^2s22p'^ la
A Na^ Cr, Ar ^ B L i ^ F", Ne C.Na^F-,Ne D K^ CP, Ar
1.6 Anion X~ va cation Y^* deu c6 cau hinh electron Idp ngoai cdng la
3s^3p^ V i tri cua cac nguyen tO' trong bang tuiin hoan cac nguyen tO' hoa hoc la :
A X CO sO' thu- tu 17, chu ki 4, nhom VIIA
- Y CO so thii tu 20, chu ki 4, nhom IIA
11
Trang 5B X CO s6' thi'r tu 18, chu ki 3, nhom VIA
Y CO so thir tir 20, chu ki 4, nhom IIA
C X CO so thir tu 17, chu ki 3, nhom VIIA
Y CO s6' thii tu 20, chu ki 4, nhom IIA
D X CO s6' thi'r ty 18, chu ki 3, nhom VIIA
Y CO s6' thii tu 20, chu ki 3, nhom IIA
1.7 Nguyfin tir cua nguyen t6 X c6 cttu hinh electron ls^2s^2p^3s^3pMs',
nguyen tir cua nguyfin t6' Y c6 cA'u hinh electron ls^2s^2p\
Lien ket hoa hoc giua nguyen tir X va nguySn tir Y thuoc loai lien kS't
A kim loai B c6ng hoa trj
C ion D cho - nhSn
1.8 Nguyen tir cua nguyen td X c6 t6ng s6 hat electron trong cac phan
Icfp p la 7 So hat mang dien cua mot nguyen tur Y nhieu hon s6' hat
mang dien ciia m6t nguyfin tir X la 8 hat
Cac nguySn t6' X va Y Ian luat la
A FevaCl B N a v a C l
C A l va CI D A l va P
1.9 Mot nguyen tir ciia nguyen to X c6 tong so hat proton, natron, electron la
52 va CO so khoi la 35 So hieu nguyen tu cua nguyen t6' X la
A 18 B 23
C 17 D 15,
1.10 Nguyen tii ciia nguyen to X c6 electron a miJc nang lirgng cao nhat la 3p
Nguyen tii ciia nguyen to Y cung c6 electron 6 mvtc nSng lucmg 3p va c6
m6t electron a lap ngoai cung Nguyen tii X va Y c6 s6' electron hon kem
nhau la 2 Nguyen to X, Y hin lugt la
A kim loai va kim loai B phi kim va kim loai
C kim loai va khi hiem D khi hiem va kim loai
1.11 Cho cac nguyen to: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12) Day
g6m cac nguyen to dugc sdp xep theo chieu giam d&n ban ki'nh nguyen tii
tir trai sang phai la
A M g , K , S i , N B K , M g , S i , N
C K , M g , N , S i D N , S i , M g , K
1.12 Nguyen tii cua nguyen t6' X c6 cau hinh electron ngoiii cung la ns'^np'*
Trong hop chat khi ciia nguyen t6' X v6i hidro, X chiem 94,12% khoi
luong Phan tram khoi luong ciia nguyen t6' X trong oxit cao nha't la
A 50,00% B 40,00%
C 27,27% D 60,00%
12
1.13 Ca'u hinh electron cua ion X^* la ls^2s^2p^3s^3p^3d^ Trong bang tuSn
hoan cac nguyen t6' hoa hoc, nguyen t6' X thuoc
A chu ki 4, nhom IIA B chu ki 4, nhom VIIIB
C chu ki 4, nhom VIIIA D chu ki 3, nhom VIB
1.14 Nhan djnh nao sau day dung khi noi v l 3 nguyen tii: f j X , 26 Y , ?
A X va Y CO Cling s6' notron
B X, Z la 2 ddng vi cua ciing m6t nguyen t6 hoa hoc
C X, Y thu6c Cling m6t nguyen t6' hoa hoc
D X va Z CO Cling s6' kh6'i
1.15 Cac nguyen t6' tilr Li den F, theo chi^u tang cua dien tich hat nhan thi
A ban kinh nguyen tii va d6 am dien diu giam
B ban ki'nh nguyen tir va d6 am dien d6u tang
C ban kinh nguyen tur giam, d6 am dien tang
D ban kinh nguyen tir tang, d6 am dien giam
1.16 Cac chat ma phan tur khong phan cue la
A HBr, CO2, CH4. B. CI2, CO2, QH2
C. NH3, Br2, C2H4 D HCl, C2H2, Br2
1.17 M6t ion M^*c6 t6ng sc) hat proton, notron, electron la 79, trong do s6' hat
mang dien nhieu hon sO' hat khong mang dien la 19
ca'u hinh electron ciia nguyen tu" M la
A [Ar ]3dMs' B [Ar]3dMsl
C [Ar]3d '*4s' D [Ar]3dMsl 1.18 Cac kim loai X, Y, Z c6 ca'u hinh electron nguyen tii iSn luot la: ls22s^2p'^3s'; ls^2s^2p''3s^ ls^2s'2p''3s23p' Day g6m cac kim loai xep theo chi^u tang d^n tmh khii tur trai sang phai la
A Y , Z , X B Z , X , Y
C X , Y , Z D Z , Y , X
1.19 Day g6m cac kim loai c6 ca'u tao mang tinh th^ lap phuong tarn khd'i la
A Li, Na, K B Be, Mg, Ca
C.Li,Na,Ca D Na, K, Mg
1.20 Lien ket hoa hoc giira cac nguyen tur trong phan tii HjO la lien ket
A c6ng hoa tri khdng phan cue B hidro
C c6ng hoa tri phan cue D ion
Trang 62 PHAN UNG OXI HOA - KHlT, TOC DO PHAN UNO
VA CAN BANG HOA HOC
2.1. D 6 kbit ion Cu^^ trong dung dich CUSO4 c6 th^ diing kirn loai
2S02(k)+ 02(k) 2NO2 (k)
± 2HI(k)
<=± 2S03(k) N204(k)
(1) (2) (3) (4)
± 2NH3(k) Khi tang ndng d6 cua hidro len 2 Mn, toe d6 phan ting thuan
A tang len 8 Mn B giam di 2 Mn
C tang len 6 \in D tang ISn 2 Mn
2.3 Cho cac phan ling xay ra sau day :
(1) AgN03 + Fe(N03)2 Fe(N03)3 + Agi
(2) Mn + 2HC1 ^ MnClj + H21
Day cac ion sap xep theo chi^u tang dSn tinh oxi hoa la
A Ag+, Fe3+, H+ , Mn2+ B Ag+, Mn^^, H+ , Fe^^
C Mn2+, H"", Ag+ , Fe^+ D Mn^^, H+ , Fe^^, Ag+
2.4 T6ng he s6' (cac so nguyen, tdi gian) cua ta't ca cac cha't trong phuong
tnnh phan ling giiJa Cu v&i dung dich HNO, dac, nong la
A 10 B 11
C 8 D 9
2.5 Cho can bang hoa hoc: 2 SO2 (k) + Oj (k) <=± 2 SO3 (k)
phan iJng thuan la phan ling toa nhiet
Phat bidu dung la:
A Can bang chuyen dich theo chi^u nghich khi giam n6ng d6 S O 3
B can bang chuye'n dich theo chieu thuan khi giam ap sua't he phan ting
C can bang chuyen dich theo chieu nghjch khi giam nong d6 O2
D can bang chuye'n dich theo chieu thuan khi tang nhiet d6
2.6 Cho can bang hoa hoc: NjCk) + 3H2 (k) < > 2NH3(k); phan ling
thuan la phan ling toa nhiet
can bang hoa hoc khong bi chuyen dich khi
A thay doi ap sua't he B thay d6i n6ng do N2
C thay ddi nhiet do D them chat xuc tac Fe
Cho phan ling hoa hoc:
Fe+ CUSO4 -> FeS04 + Cu Trong phan ting tren xay ra:
A sg khii Fe^"^ va su oxi hoa Cu
B su khu Fe^"" va su khir Cu^^
C su oxi hoa Fe va su oxi hoa Cu
D su oxi hoa Fe va su khir Cu^"^
Cho cac can bang sau:
(1) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) < > 2S0, (k) (2) N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) <==± 2NH3 (k) (3) CO2 (k) + H2 (k) < = > CO (k) + H2O (k) (4) 2HI (k) (k) + I2 (k)
Khi thay d6i ap sua't, nhom g6m cac can bang hoa hoc deu khong bi
chuydn dich la
Cho cac phan ling sau:
(a) 4HC1 + PbOj > PbCl2 + CI2 + 2H2O (b) HCl + NH4HCO3 —=:^,NH4C1 + CO2 + H2O (c) 2HC1 + 2HNO3 > 2NO2 + CI2 + 2H2O
(d) 2HC1 + Zn > ZnCl2 +
t c
Trang 7S6 phan ling trong do HCl thi hi&n tinh khur la
C 2 D 1 *
2 1 1 Cho chat xuc tac MnOj vao 100 ml dung dich H2O2, sau 60 giay thu duoc
33,6 ml khi Oj (cr dktc) T6c d6 trung binh ciia phan ling (tinh theo HjOj)
trong 60 giay tren la
A 5,0.10' mol/ (/.s) B 5,0.10^ mol/ (Z's)
C 2,5.10^ mol/(/.s) D 1,0.10"'mol/(/.s)
2 1 2 Cho day cac chat va ion: Zn, S, FeO, SO2, Nj, HCl, Cu^^ CI S6' chat va
ion CO ca tinh oxi hoa va tinh khir la
A 6 B.5
2 1 3 Cho can bang: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) < > 2S0^ (k)
Khi tang nhiet do thi ti khd'i ciia h6n hop khi so vdi giam di Phat h'liu
diing khi noi v^ can bang nay la:
A Phan irng thuan toa nhiet, can bang dich chuyin theo chi^u nghich khi
2 1 5 Cho X mol Fe tan hoan toan trong dung dich chiJa y mol H2SO4 (ti le x : y
= 2 : 5 ) , thu duoc m6t san phdm khu duy nha't va dung dich chi chiia mu6'i
sunfat S6' mol electron do lugng Fe tren nhudng khi bi hoa tan la
A 2x B 3x
C y D 2y
2 1 6 Cho phan ting: 2CsH,-CHO + KOH ^ CfiH,-COOK + CfiH ,-CH2-OH
Phan iJng nay chiing to CfiHs-CHO:
A vtra th^ hien tinh oxi hoa, vita thi hien tinh khu
B chi th^ hien tinh oxi hoa
C chi ih^ hien tinh khic
D kh6ng the hien tmh khijr va tmh oxi hoa
2 1 7 Cho cac can bang sau:
(I) 2HI(k) <==± H,(k) + l2(k);
(II) CaCO., (r) <==> CaO (r) + CO2 (k);
(III) FeO (r) + CO (k) Fe (r) + CO2 (k);
(IV) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) < > 2SO3 (k)
Khi giam ap suat cua he, s6' can bfmg bi chuyen dich theo chieu nghich la
A 4 B 3
2 1 8 Cho can bang hoa hoc: PCl^ (k) PCl3(k) + CI2 (k); A H > 0
can bang chuydn dich theo chi^u thuan khi
A tang ap suat ciia he phan ung B tang nhiet dd ciia he phan ling
C thenn PCI3 vao he phan ung D them CI2 vao he phan uiig
2 1 9 Cho phan ling:
NajSO, + KMn04 + NaHSO^ ^ Na2S04 + MnS04 + K2SO4 + H2O
T6ng he s6' ciia cac cha't (la nhung s6' nguyen, toi gian) trong phuong trinh
phan ling la
A 27 B.47 C.31 D.23
2 2 0 Nguyen tir S {!6ng vai tro vira la chat khu, vira la chat oxi hoa trong phan ung nao sau day?
A S + 2Na NajS
B S + 3F2 — ^ S F f i
C S + 6HNO3 (dac) — ^ H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O
D 4S + 6NaOH(dac) — ^ 2Na2S + Na2S203 + 3H2O
3 SUDIENLI
3 1 Khi hoa tan hidroxit kim loai M(OH)2 bang mot luong vira dii dung dich H2SO4 20% thu ducfc dung dich muoi trung hoa c6 nong d6 27,21%. Kim loai M la
Trang 83.2 Trong so cac dung dich : Na^CO,, KCl, CH.COONa, NH4CI, NaHS04,
QH.ONa NhOng dung dich c6 pH > 7 la
A NasCO,, QH^ONa, CHjCOONa *
B NasCOj, NH4CI, KCl
C KCl, QH,ONa, CH^COONa
D NH4CI, CH^COONa, NaHS04
3.3 Khi cho 100 ml dung dich KOH I M vao 100 ml dung dich HCl thu dugc
dung dich c6 chiia 6,525 gam cha't tan Nong d6 mol (hoac mol/1) ciia
HCl trong dung dich da dung la
A 0,75M B I M
C 0,25M D 0,5M
3.4 Mot dung dich chira 0,02 mol Cu^"^, 0,03 mol K"^, x mol CP va y mol
SO4 Tong khoi luong cac muoi tan c6 trong dung dich la 5,435 gam
Gia tri ciia x va y Ian lugt la
A 0,03 va 0,02 B 0,05 va 0,01
C 0,01 va 0,03 D 0,02 va 0,05
3.5 Day gom cac chat d^u lam quy tim am chuydn sang mau xanh la
A metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat
B amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hidroxit
C anilin, metyl amin, amoniac
D anilin, amoniac, natri hidroxit
3.6 Dung dich HCl va dung dich CH;,COOH c6 ciing nong d6 mol, pH cua
hai dung dich tuong ihig la x va y Quan he giiJa x va y la (gia thiet, cii
1 00 phan tu CH3COOH thl c6 1 phSn tii dien li)
A y = lOOx B y = 2x
C y = x - 2 D y = x + 2
3.7 Tr6n iSn V m! dung dich NaOH 0,01 M vdi V ml dung dich HCl 0,03M
dugc 2V ml dung dich Y Dung dich Y c6 pH la
C 0,03 D 0,12
Cho cac dung dich c6 cung nong do: Na2C03(l), H2S04(2), UCl (3),
K N O 3 (4) Gia tri pH ciia cac dung dich dugc sap xep theo chiei rang tir
trai sang phai la
A (3), (2), (4), (1) B (4), (1), (2), (3)
C (1), (2), (3), (4) D (2), (3), (4), (1)
Nho tijf tit 0,25 lit dung dich NaOH 1,04M vao dung dich g6m 0,024 mol
FeCl,; 0,016 mol Al2(S04)3 va 0,04 mol H2SO4 thu dugc m gam ket tiia
Gia tri cua m la
c. H ^ Fe^^ N O 3 , sof. D Ag\^ N O 3 , cr
Tr6n 100 ml dung dich h6n hop g6m H2SO4 0,05M va HCl 0,1M vdi 100 ml dung dich h6n hgp g6m NaOH 0,2M va Ba(0H)2 0,1M, thu dugc dung dich X Dung dich X c6 pH la
C 1,0 D 1,2
Dung dich X chiJa h6n hgp g6m NajCO^ 1,5M va KHCO, I M Nho tiir tir tCmg gigt cho den he't 200 ml dung dich HCl I M vao 100 ml dung dich X, sinh ra V lit khi (a dktc) Gia tri ciia V la
Trang 93.16 Dung djch X c6 chita: 0,07 mol Na'; 0,02 mol SO4" va x mol OH Dung
dich Y CO chi'ra CIO4 , NO3 va y mol ir; tdng s6' wpl CIO4 va NO3 la
0,04 Tron X va Y dugc 100 ml dung djch Z Dung dich Z c6 pH (bo qua
SLt di6n li ciia H2O) la
A 2 B 13
C 1 D 12
3.17 Cho dung dich Ba(HC03)2 iSn luot vao cac dung dich: CaClj, Ca(N0,)2,
NaOH, Na2CO,, KHSO4, Na2S04. Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl
So trucmg hap c6 tao ra kfi't tua la
A 4 B 7
3.18 Phat bieu nao sau day khong dung?
A Trong cac dung dich: HCI, H2SO4, H2S c6 ciing nong d6 0,01 M, dung
dich HjS CO pH 16n nha't
B Nho dung dich NH, tir tCr tdi du vao dung dich CUSO4, thu dmc ke't
tiia xanh
C Dung dich Na2C03lam phenOlphtalein kh6ng mau chuyfin sang mau h6ng
>D Nho dung dich NH3 tCr ttr tdi du vao dung dich AlCl;,, thu dugc ke't
tiia trang
3.19 Cho 150 ml dung dich KOH 1,2M tac dung vdri 100 ml dung dich AlCl,
n6ng do x mol//, thu dugc dung dich Y va 4,68 gam ket tiia Loai bo ke't
tiia, them tifi'p 175 ml dung dich KOH 1,2M vao Y, thu dugc 2,34 gam ke't
tiia Gia tri cua x la
A 1,2 B 0,8
C.0,9 D 1,0
3.20 Hoa tan h5n hgp gom: K2O, BaO, AljO-,, Fe304 vao nirdc (du), thu dirge
dung dich X va cha't ran Y Sue khf CO2 den du vao dung dich X, sau khi
cac phan img xay ra hoan loan thu dugc ket tiia la
C Fe(OH), D Al(OH),
4 PHI KIM (cacbon, silic, nita, photpho, oxi, liru huynh, halogen)
4.1 Cho khi CO (du) di vao ong su" nung nong dimg h6n hgp X g6m AI2O,,
MgO, Fe^^, CuO thu dugc chat ran Y Cho Y vao dung dich NaOIi (du),
khua't kT, tha'y con lai phan kh6ng tan Z Gia sir cac phan ung xay ra hoan
toan Phan khSng tan Z gom
C MgO, Fe304 , Cu D Mg, Al, Fe, Cu
9 0
4.2 Cho 13,44 lit khi clo (6 dktc) di qua 2,5 lit dung dich KOH a JOO"C. Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc 37,23 gam KCi Dung dich KOH tren c6 n6ng d6 la
A 0,2M B 0,4M
C 0,48M D 0,24M
4.3 Trong phong thi nghifim, nguM ta thucmg di^u che' HNO3 ttr
A. NH3 va O2 B NaN02 va H2SO4 dac
C NaN03va H2S04dac D NaNOg va HCI dac
4.4 Trong phong thi nghiem, de di^u che m6t lugng nho khi X tinh khiet, nguc^i
ta dun nong dung dich ainoni ilitrit bao hoa Khi X la
A NO B.NO2 C.N2O D N2
4.5 Trong phong tiif nghiem, ngudi ta thircmg di6u che clo bang each
A dien phan nong chay NaCl
B cho dung dich HCI dac tac dung vdi MnOj, dun nong
C dien phan dung dich NaCl c6 mang ngan
D Cho F2 d^y CI2 ra khoi dung dich NaCl
4.6 Hap thu hoan toan 4,48 lit khi CO^ (cf dktc) vao 500 ml dung dich h6n
hgp NaOH 0,1M va Ba(0H)2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam k^ tiia
NaOH + CO2
> Khi X + H2O
850"C,Pt -> Khf Y + H2O NH4HCO3 + HCI loang ^ Khi Z + NH4CI + H2O
21
Trang 10Cac khf X, Y , Z thu dirge Ian lugt la
A SO3 , NO, NH3 B SO2, N 2 , N H 3
C SO2, NO, CO2 D SO3 , N 2 , CO2
4.9 Cong thuc phan tir ciia hop chat khf tao boi nguyfin to R va hidro la RH^
Trong oxit ma R c6 s6 hoa tri cao nha't thi oxi chiem 74,07% ve kh6'i
luong Nguyen to R la
4.10 Cho 0,1 mol P20<5 vao dung dich chiia 0,35 mol KOH Dung dich thu
dugc CO cac cha't:
A K3PO4, K2HPO4 B K2HPO4, KH2PO4
C K3PO4, KOH D H3PO4, KH2PO4
4.11 Dung dich X chiia cac ion: Fe-''+, SO4", NH4 , CP Chia dung dich X
thanh hai phan bang nhau:
- Phdn mot tac dung vdri Iircfng dir dung dich NaOH, dun n6ng thu dirge
0,672 lit khf (Of dktc) va 1,07 gam ket tua;
- Ph&i hai tac dung vcfi lugng du dung dich BaCl2, thu dugc 4,66 gam ket tiia
Tong khoi lugng cac mudi khan thu dugc klii eo can dung dich X la (qua
trinh c6 can chi c6 nuac bay hoi):
A 3,73 gam B 7,04 gam
4.12 Trgn 5,6 gam bgt sat vcfi 2,4 gam b6t Juu huynh r6i nung nong (trong di^u
kien khong c6 khong khf), thu dugc h6n hc;fp riln M Cho M tac dung vori
lugng du dung djch HCl, giai phong h6n hgp khf X va con lai m6t phSn
khong tan G De dot chay hoan toan X v^ G c^n vijfa dii V 1ft khf O2 (cf
dktc)
Gia tri cua V la
A 4,48 B 3,36
C 2,80 D 3,08
4.13. Chat khf X tan trong nude tao ra mot dung dich lam chuye'n mau quy tfm
thanh do va c6 th^ dugc dung lam cha't tay mau Khf X la
A N H , B.CO2
4.14. Khi nhiet phan hoan toan 100 gam m5i chat sau: KCIO, (xuc tac MnOj),
KMn04, KNO3 va AgNO,, chat tao ra lugng O2 Idn nha't la
Hoa tan hoan toan 8,94 gam h6n hgp g6m Na, K va Ba vao nude, thu
dugc dung dich X va 2,688 1ft khf H2 (dktc) Dung dich Y gom HCl va
H2SO4, ti le mol tuong irng la 4 : 1 Trung hoa dung dich X hbi dung dich
Y, tong khoi lugng cac muo'i dugc tao ra la
A 18,46 gam B 12,78 gam
C 14,62 gam D 13,70 gam
Cho m gam NaOH vao 2 1ft dung dich NaHCOj n6ng d6 a mol//, thu dugc
2 1ft dung dich X Lay 1 1ft dung dich X tac dung vdi dung dich BaCl2
(du) thu dugc 11,82 gam ke't tiia Mat khae, cho 1 1ft dung dich X vao
dung dich CaCl2 (du) roi dun nong, sau khi ket thiie cac phan ung thu
dugc 7,0 gam ket tiia Gia tri ciia a, m tuong ling la
Hap thu hoan toan 3,36 1ft khf CO2 (dktc) vao 125 ml dung dich Ba(0H)2
I M , thu dugc dung dich X Coi the' tfch dung dich khdng thay d6i, n6ng
do mol cua cha't tan trong dung dich X la
A 0,6M B 0,4M
C.0,2M D.0,1M Cho 0,015 mol mot loai hgp cha't oleum vao nude thu dugc 200 ml dung
dich X Di trung hoa 100 ml dung dich X e^n diang 200 ml dung dich
NaOH 0,15M Phan tram v^ khd'i lugng ciia nguyen to luu huynh trong oleum tren la
A 32,65% B 23,97%
C 35,95% D 37,86%
23
Trang 115 DAI CUOKG VE K I M LOAI
5.1 Thif tu mot s6' cap chát oxi hoa - khijf trong day difin hoa nhir sau :
Fê"*- /Fe ; Cu^^ /Cu ; Fê*/Fc^^
Cac cap chát kh6ng phan Ímg vdl nhau la
Ạ Fe va dung dich CvC^
B Fe va dung dich - ci,:;^
C dung dich FeCl2 va dung dich CuCl2
D Cu va dung dich FeClj
5.2 Cho 1,67 gam h6n hap hai kim loai 6 hai chu ki lien tiep thuoc nhom
IIA (phan nhom chính nhom II) tac dung bet vcH dung dich HCl (du),
thoat r;i 0,672 lit khi Hj (6 dktc) Hai kim loai do la
Ạ Mg va Cạ B Ca va Sr
C BevaMg D SrvaBạ
5.3 Dier pUan dung dich chiJa a mol CUSO4 va b mol NaCl (voi difin cue tro,
C O ịui:'g ngan x6'p) De dung dich sau r'-^ nhan lam phenolphtalein
chuycp sang mau h6ng thi di^u kien cía K - i (bi6t ion S04~kh6ng bi
dien phan trong dung dich)
Ạ 2b = ạ • B h<2ạ
c b - > a
5.4 Co 4 dung dich riting bict: HCl, GuC:- ?eCI«, HCi c6 Ifin CuClj Nhung
vao m6i dung dich mot thanh Fe nguy r, •' 't S6 trirdng hop xuat hifen an
mon dien hoa la
ẠỌ B 1
C.3 D.2
5.5 Day cac ion xep theo chieu giam dan tinh oxi hoa la (biét trong day diSn
hoa, cap Fế^/Fế^ diing trudc cap Ag^/Ag):
, Ạ Ag+, Cu2+ , Fe3+, Fe2+ B Fé^^,Cu^^, Ag"*",Fc^^
C Ag^ , Fê ^, Cu2+, Fe2+ " • D Fê^, Ag"^, Cu^^, Fê^
5.6 Dien phan dung dich C U C I 2 v6i dien cue tra, sau m6t thdi gian thu diroc
0,32 gam Cu o catot va m6t luong khi X o an6t Hap thu hoan toan
luong khi X tren vao 200 ml dung djch NaOH (d nhiet do thudng) Sau
phan urng, nong do NaOH con lai la 0,05M (gia thiet the tich dung dich
khong thay d6i) Nong do ban dau ciia dung dich NaOH la
Ạ 0,15M - B 0,2M
C.0,1M D.0,05M
24
J | | | |
5.7 Khi dien phan NaCl n6ng chay (dien cue tra), tai catOt xay ra
Ạ su oxi hoa ion CP B su oxi hoa ion Na"*^
C su khii ion C I ' D su khii ion Na"^
5.8 Nhiet phan hoan toan 34,65 gam h6n hop g6m KNO3 va Cu(N03)2, thu dupe h6n hop khi X (ti khd'i cua X so vdi khi hidro bang 18,8)
Kh6'i luong Cu(N03 )2 trong h6n hop ban diu la
5.10 Dot chay hoan toan 7,2 gam kim loai M (c6 hoa trj I I khdng đi trong
hop chat) trong h6n hop klii Cl^ va Oj Sau phan ung thu dupe 23,0 gam cM't ran va the tich h6n hop khi da phan tog la 5,6 lit (of dktc)
Kim loai M la
Ạ Mg B Cạ
C Bẹ D Cụ
5.11 Di6n phan c6 mang ngan 500 ml dung dich chiia h6n hap gom CuClj
0J.M va NaCl 0,5M (dien cue tra, hieu suát dien phan 100%) v6i cucmg d6 dong dien 5A trong 3860 giaỵ Dung dich thu dupe sau dien phan c6 kha nang hoa tan m gam Al Gia tri Icfn nhat cua m la
Ạ 5,40 B 4,05
C 2.70 D 1,35
5.12 Dien phan nong chay Ai203 v6i anot than chi (hieu suát dien phan 100%)
thu dupe m kg A l 6' catot va 67,2 m'' (a dktc) h6n hop khi X c6 ti khd'i so
vdrj hidro bang 16 Láy 2,24 lit (d dktc) h6n hop khi X sue vao dung dich
nude v6i trong (du) thu dupe 2 gam ket tuạ Gia tri ciia m la
Ạ 67,5 B 54,0
C 75,6 * D 108,0
5.13 Cho cac hpp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn- Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV) Khi
tiép xuc vdi dung dich chat diSn li thi cac hpp kim ma trong do Fe deu bi
an mon trude la
Ạ I , I I va IV B I , III va IV C I , I I v a I I I D I I , I I I v a I V
25
Trang 125.14 Phan iJng dien phan dung djch CuClj (vdi dien cue tro) va phan ling an
mon dien hoa xay ra khi nhilng hop kim Zn-Cu vao dung dich HCI eo dac
diem la:
Ạ Phan ting b cue am c6 su tham gia cua kim loai hoac ion kim loaị
B Phan ling xay ra lu6n kem theo su phat sinh dong dien
C D i u sinh ra Cu b cue am
D Phan ung d cue duong d^u la su oxi hoa Cr
5.15 Cho 19,3 gam h6n hop hot gom Zn va Cu c6 ti le mol tuong ting la 1 : 2
vao dung djch chiia 0,2 mol Fe2(S04)3 Sau khi cac phan ting xay ra hoan
toan, thu dugc m gam kim loaị Gia tri ciia m la
Ạ 12,00 B 16,53
C 6,40 D 12,80
5.16 Nung 2,23 gam h6n hcirp X g6m cac kim loai Fe, A l , Zn, Mg trong oxi,
sau mot thdi gian thu dugc 2,71 gam hdn hop Ỵ Hoa tan hoan toan Y vao
dung dich HNO, (du), thu dugfc 0,672 lit khi NO (san pham khir duy nhat,
cf dktc) So mol HNO, da phan ung la
Ạ 0,12 B.0,14
C.0,16 D.0,18
5.17 Dien phan (v6i dien cue tro) 200 ml dung djch CUSO4 n6ng do x mol//,
sau mot thcfi gian thu dugc dung dich Y van con mau xanh, c6 khtfi lugng
giam 8 gam so vdri dung dich ban dSụ Cho 16.8 gam b6t sat vao Y, sau
khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc 12,4 gam kim loaị Gia tri
ciia X la ,
Ạ 2,25 B 1,50
C 1,25 D 3,25
5.18 Cho dung dich X chiia KMn04 va H2SO4 (loang) l^n lugt vao cac dung
dich: FeCl2, FeS04, CUSO4, MgS04, H2S, HCI (dac)
So trucmg hgp c6 xay ra phan ung oxi hoa - khit la
Ạ 3 B 5
C 4 D 6
5.19 Cho biét thiJ tu tir trai sang phai ciia cac cap oxi hoa - khur trong day dien
hoa (day the dien cue chuan) nhu sau: Zn^^/Zn; Fế-ZFe; Cu^VCu;
6 K I M LOAI KIEM, K I M LOAI KIEM THO, NHOM, SAT
6.1 Cho mot mau hgp kim Na-Ba tac dung vdri nudrc (du), thu dugc dung dich
X va 3,36 lit H2 (a dktc) Thé tieh dung dich axit H2SO4 2M can diing de
trung hoa dung dich X la
Ạ 150 ml B 75 ml
C 60 ml D 30 ml
6.2 Tliem m gam kali vao 300 ml dung dich chura BăOH)2 0,1M va NaOH
0,1M thu dugc dung dich X Cho i\x tir dung dich X vao 200 ml dung dich
Al2(S04)3 0,1M thu dugc ket tiia Ỵ thu dugc lugng ket tua Y Idn niiat thi gia tri cua m la
Ạ 1,59 B 1,17
C 1,71 D 1,95
6.3 Hoa tan hoan toan 3,22 gam h6n hgp X g6m Fe, Mg va Zn bang mot
lugng vija dii dung dich H2SO4 loang thu dugc 1,344 lit hidro (dktc) va
dung dich chiia m gam muoị Gia trj ciia m la
Ạ 9,52 B 10,27
C 8,98 D 7,25
6.4 Cho kim loai M tac dung vdi CI2 dugc mu6'i X ; eho kim loai M tac dung
v6i HCI dugc mu6'i Ỵ Neu cho kim loai M tac dung vd\i X ta cung
dugc muoi Ỵ Kim loai M c6 the la
Ạ Mg B Zn
C A l D Fẹ
6.5 Hoa tan hoan toan h6n hgp X gom Fe va Mg bang mOt lugng vira dii
dung dich HCI 20%, thu dugc dung dich Ỵ N6iig d6 cua FeClj trong dung dich Y la 15,76% N6ng d6 phfin tram ciia MgClj trong dung djch
Y l a
Ạ 24,24% B 11,79%
C 28,21% D 15,76%
6.6 Cho 4,48 lit khf CO (dktc) tijr tiJr di qua 6'ng nung nong dung 8 gam m6t
oxit sat dén khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan Khi thu dugc sau phan ung c6
ti khoi so vdri hidro bang 20 C6ng thiic cua sat oxit va phan tram the tich
ciia khi CO2 trong h6n hgp khi sau phan ung la
Ạ FeO ; 75% B FejOj ; 75%
C FejOj ; 65% ' D Fe304 ; 75%^
6.7 Cho h6n hgp X gom Mg va Fe vao dung dich H2SO4 dac, nong dén khi
phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich Y va mdt phSn Fe kh6ng tan Chat tan cd trong dung dich Y la
Ạ MgS04 va FeS04 B MgS04
C MgS04 va Fe2(804)3 • D MgS04 , Fe2 (804)3, Fe804
27
Trang 136.8 Nung 13,4 gam h6n hop 2 mu6i cacbonat cua 2 kim loai hoa tri I I , thu
duoc 6,8 gam chat rSn va khi X Lirgng khi X sinh ra cho ha'p thu vao
75ml dung dich N a O H I M , khoi lirgng mu6'i khan thu dugc sau phan
ling la
A 4,2 gam B 5,8 gam
C 6,3 gam D 6,5 gam
6.9 Cho hdn hgp F e , C u phan ung v6i dung dich H N O , loang Sau khi phan
vJTig hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich chi chira m6t chat tan va k i m loai dir
Chat tan d6 la
A. H N O 3 B F e ( N 0 3 ) 2
C C u ( N 0 3 ) 2 D F e ( N 0 3 ) 3
6.10 Cho 6,72 gam Fe vao dung dich chiia 0,3 mol H2SO4 dac, nong (gja thie't SOj
la san pham khir duy nhat) Sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc
A 0,03 mol Fe2 ( 8 0 4 ) 3 0,06 mol FeS04
B 0,02 mol Fe2 ( 8 0 4 ) 3 O-O^ mol F e 8 0 4
C 0,12mol F e 8 0 4
D 0,05 mol Fe2 ( 8 0 4 ) 3 0,02 mol Fe du
6.11 Nung m gam b6t sat trong oxi, thu dug;C 3 gam h6n hop chat ran X H6a
tan het h6n hop X trong dung dich HNO, (du), thoat ra 0,56 lit (6' dktc)
NO (la san pham khir duy nhat) Gia tri ciia m la
A 2,62 B 2,32
C 2 , 5 2 D.2,22
6.12 H6n hgp X gom Na va A l Cho m gam X vao m6t lugng du nude thi thoat
ra V lit khi Neu cfing cho m gam X vao dung dich NaOH (du) thi thu
dugc 1,75 V lit khi ITianh phan phfin tram theo kh6'i lugng cua Na trong
X la (biet M tich khi do 0 cung 6\iu kiSn)
A 29,87% B 39,87%
C 49,87% D 77,31%
6.13 Cho 200 ml dung dich A l C l , 1,5M tac dung vdi V l i t dung dich NaOH
0,5M, lirgng ket tua thu dugc la 15,6 gam
Gia tri Idfn nhat cua V la
A 2 B 2,4
6.14 Hoa tan hoan toan h6n hgp g6m 0,12 mol FeSj va a mol CujS v^o axit
HNO, (vira du), thu dugc dung dich X (chi chiia hai muoi sunfat) va khi
duy nhat NO Gia tri cua a la
dich X Dung dich X phan ting vira dii vdi V ml dung dich KMn04 0,5M Gia tri cua V la (cho Fe = 56)
A 80 B 40
C 20 D 60 6.17 Cho 11,36 gam h6m hgp g6m Fe, FeO, Fe203 va Fe304 phan ling het
v6'i dung dich HNO3 loang (du), thu dugc 1,344 lit khi NO (san ph^m
khir duy nhat, g dktc) va dung dich X C5 can dung dich X thu dugc m
gam mudi khan Gia tri cua m la
A 35,50 B 34,36
C 49,09 D 38,72
Hoa tan hoan toan 0,3 mol h6n hgp gom A l va A I 4 C 3 vao dung djch
K O H (du), thu dugc a mol h6n hgp khi va dung dich X Sue khi C O 2 (du) vao dung dich X , lugng ket tiia thu dugc la 46,8 gam
Gia tri cua a la
A 0,55 B 0,60
C.0,45 D.0,40 6.19 Cho 2,13 gam h6n hgp X g6m ba kim loai la Mg Cu va A l b dang b6t tac
dung hoan loan vdi oxi, thu dugc hdn hgp Y gom cac oxit c6 khoi lugng
va m gam cha't ran kh6ng tan
Gia tri ciia m la
A 5,4 B 7,8
C 10,8 D 43,2
Trang 146.22 Cho V lit dung djch NaOH 2M vao dung dich chiia 0,1 mol Al2 (S04)3 va
0,1 mol H2SO4 66n khi phan ung hoan toan, thu dugc 7,8 gam ket tua
Gia tri Idn nha't cua V Ai thu duoc luong ket tua tr6n la
A 0,35 B 0,45
C 0,25 D 0,05
6.23 Cho h6n hop bot g6m 2,7 gam Al va 5,6 gam Fe vao 550 ml dung dich
AgNO, IM Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc m gam chat
ran Gia tri cua m la
A 32,4 B 64,8
C.59,4 D.54,0
6.24 Nung nong m gam h6n hop Al va FcjO, (trong m6i truomg khong c6
khong khi) den khi phan utig xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp ran Y
Chia Y thanh 2 phdn bang nhau:
- Phdn 1 tac dung vdi dung dich H2SO4 loang (dir), sinh ra 3,08 1ft khi H2
6.25 Nung mot h6n hgp ran g6m a mol FeCO, va b mol FeS2 trong binh kin
chiia khong khi (du) Sau khi cac phan ting xay ra hoan toan, dua binh v6
nhiet do ban 6hi, thu dugc chat ran duy nha't la Fe20, va h6n hgp khi
Biet ap suat khi trong binh tru6c va sau phan ling bang nhau, moi lien he
giua a va b la (bie't sau cac phan iJng, liru huynh of miic oxi hoa +4, the
tich cac chat ran la khong dang ke'):
A a = 0,5b B.a = b
C a = 4b D a = 2b
6.26 Cho 9,12 gam h6n hgp g6m FeO, Fe203, Fefi^ tac dung voi dung dich
HCl (du) Sau khi cac phan ting xay ra hoan toan, dugc dung dich Y; c6
can Y thu dugc 7,62 gam FeCl2 va m gam FeCl^
Gia tri ciia m la:
A 9,75 B.8,75
C 7,80 D 6,50
6.27 Cho 1,9 gam h6n hgp mu6'i cacbonat va hidrocacbonat cua kim loai ki^m
M tac dung het vdri dung dich HCl (du), sinh ra 0,448 lit khi (6 dktc) Kim
A dung dich NaOH B Na kim loai
C nudrc Br2 D- H2 (Ni, nung nong)
, Chia m gam Al thanh hai phAn bang nhau:
- Ph^n m6t tac dung vcri lugng du dung dich NaOH, sinh ra x mol khi Hj
- Phan hai tac dung vdi lugng du dung dich HNO3 loang, sinh ra y mol
khi N2O (san pham khur duy nha't)
A Fe2(S04)3 va H2SO4. B FeS04
C. Fe2 (804)3. D FeS04 va H2SO4
Hoa tan het 7,74 gam h5n hgp bgt Mg, Al bang 500 ml dung dich h6n hgp HCl IM va H2SO4 0,28M thu dugc dung dich X va 8,736 lit khi H2 (a dktc)
C6 can dung djch X thu dugc lugng mu6'i khan la
A 38,93 gam B 25,95 gam
C 103,85 gam D 77,86 gam
D6't nong mot h6n hgp gdm Al va 16 gam Fe203 (trong di^u kien khdng
CO kh6ng khi) den khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp rSn
X Cho X tac dung vfra du vdri V ml dung dich NaOH IM sinh ra 3,36 lit
H2(6dktc)
Gia tri ciia V la
A 300 ' B 100
C 200 D 150
Cho m, gam Al vao 100 ml dung dich gdm Cu(N03)2 0,3M va AgNO.,
0,3M Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan thi thu dugc mj gam cha't
ran X Ne'u cho m2 gam X tac dung vdi lugng du dung dich HCl thi thu dugc 0,336 lit khi (d dktc) Gia tri cua m, va m2 Ian lugt la ^
A 8,10 va 5,43 B 1,08 va 5,43 '
Trang 156.43
6.34 Hoa tan hoan loan m gam h6n hop X g6m NajO va A l j O , vao HjO thu 5,41
dugrc 200 m l dung dich Y chi chiia chat tan duy nha't c6 n6ng d6 0,5M
Tlidi khi CO2 (du) vao Y thu duoc a gam ket tiia
Giii tri cua m va a iSn luot la
A 8,3 va 7,2 B 11,3 va 7,8
C 13,3 va 3,9 D 8,2va7,8
6.35 Cho dung dich chiia 0,1 mol (NH4)2COT tac dung vdi dung dich chiia
34,2 gam Ba (OH)2 Sau phan ling thu duoc m gam kfit tua Gia tri ciia m la 6.42
A 19,7 B 39,4
6.36 Cho m gam h6n hop X g6m FeO, Fe20,, Fe304 vao mot lugng vCra du dung
dich HCl 2 M , thu "dirge dung dich Y c6 ti le s6 mol Fe^^ va Fe'" la 1 : 2
Chia Y thanh hai pMn bang nhau C6 can phan m6t thu dugc m, gam
muoi khan Sue k h i clo (du) vao phdn hai, c6 can dung dich sau phan ung
thu dugc m2 gam mu6'j khan Biet m^ - m, = 0,71
The' tich dung dich HCl da diing la
A 240 ml B 80 m l
6.37 Cho m gam M g vao dung dich chilra 0,12 mol FeClj Sau klii phan ung
xay ra hoan toan thu dirge 3,36 gam cMt ran Gia tri cua m la
A 2,16 B 5,04
C 4 , 3 2 D 2 , 8 8
6.38 Hoa tan hoan toan 8,862 gam h6n hgp A l va M g vao dung dich HT^IO, loang,
thu dugc dung dich X va 3,136 lit (cV dktc) h6n hgp Y gom hai khi kli6ng
mau, trong do c6 mdt khi hoa n&u trong kh6ng khi Khoi lugng cua Y la 5,18
gam Cho dung dich NaOH (du) vao X va dung nong, kh6ng c6 khi miji khai
thoat ra Phan tram khoi lugng cua A l trong h6n hgi> ban dau la
A 19,53% B 12,80%
C 10,52% D 15,25%
6.39 Hoa tan hoan toan 47,4 gam phen chua KA1(S04)2.12H20 vao nude thu
dugc dung dich X Cho toan 56 X tac dung vdi 200 m l dung dich Ba(0H)2
I M , sau phan ling thu dugc m gam k€t tua Gia tri m la
A 7,8 B.46,6
6.40 Hoa tan hoan toan 2,9 gam h6n hgp gom k i m loai M va oxit cua no vao
nude, thu duoc 500 m l dung dich chiJa mot chat tan c6 nong do 0,04M va
0,224 lit khi H2 (o dktc) K i m ioai M la
A Ca B K
6.44
6.45
Hoa tan hoan toan 20,88 gam mOt oxit sat bang dung dich H2SO4 dSc,
nong thu dugc dung dich X va 3,248 lit khi SO2 (san pham khit duy nha't,
b dktc) CO can dung dich X , thu dugc m gam mud'i sunfat khan
Gia tri cua m la
A 48,4 B 52,2
C 58,0 D 54,0
Hoa tan m gam h6n hgp Al, Fe vao dung dich H 2 S O 4 loang (du) Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich X Cho dung dich Ba(OH)2 (du) vao dung dich X, thu dugc ket tiia Y Nung Y trong kliOng khi de'n khg'i lugng khdng d6i, thu dugc cha't ran Z la
A h6n hgp g6m AljO, va Fe203 B h6n hgp g6m BaS04 va FcjOj
C h6n hgp g6m BaS04 va FeO D FcjO,
Nung nong m gam h6n hgp g6m A l va Fe304 trong di^u kien khong c6 khdng khi Sau khi phan ij-ng xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hep ran X
Cho X tac dung v6i dung dich NaOH (du) thu dugc dung dich Y , chat ran
Z va 3,36 lit khi H2 (b dktc) Sue khi CO2 (du) vao dung dich Y, thu dugc
39 gam ket tua Gia tri ciia m la
A 48,3 B.45,6
C 36,7 D 57,0 Hoa tan hoan toan 12,42 gam Al bang dung dich H N O , loang (du), thu dugc dung dich X va 1,344 lit (6 dktc) h6n hgp khi Y g6m hai khi la N2O
va N2 Ti khoi ciia h6n hgp khi Y so v6i khi Hj la 18 Co can dung dich X,
thu dugc m gam chat ran khan Gia tri cua m la
A 34,08 B 38,34
C 106,38 D 97,98 Cho 7,1 gam h6n hgp gdm m6t kim loai ki^m X va m6t kim loai ki^m tiN>
Y tac dung he't vdfi lugng du dung dich HCl loang, thu dugc 5,6 lit klii
(dktc) Kim loai X , Y \a
A kali va bari B kali va canxi
C natri va magie D liti va beri
Hoa tan hoan toan 2,44 gam h6n hgp bCt X gom F e ^ j , va Cu bang iung dich H 2 S O 4 dac nong (du) Sau phan ling thu dugc 0,504 lit khi SO2 (san
ph^m khtr duy nha't, a dktc) va dung dich chiia 6,6 gam hOn hgp mu6'i
sunfat Phdn tram kh6'i lugng cua Cu trong X la
A 39,34% B 65,57%
C 26,23% D 13,11%
33
Trang 166.47 Trdn 10,8 gam bot Al vd'i 34,8 gam bOt Fe304 r6i |je'n hanh phan irng
nhiet nhom trong di^u kitn khOng c6 khOng khf I loi tan hoan toan hOn
hop ran sail phan irng bang dung djch H2SO4 loang (du), thu dugc 10,752
lit khi H2 (dktc) Hi6u suat cua phan umg nhiet nhom la
A 80% B.90%
C 70% D 60%
6.48 Hoa tan hoan toan 2,45 gam hOn hop X g6m hai kim loai kiem th6 vao
200 ml dung dich HCl 1,25M, thu diroc dung dich Y chiia cac cha't tan c6
n6ng d6 mol bang nhau Hai kim loai trong X la
A Mg va Ca B Be va Mg
C Mg Sr D Be va Ca
6.49 Cho 1,56 gam h6n hop gom Al va AljO, phan irng het vdi dung dich HCl
(du), thu dugc V lit khi Hj (dktc) va dung dich X Nho tij- tijr dung dich
NH, den du vao dung dich X thu dugc ke't tiia, Igc het lugng ket lixa, nung
den khg'i lugng khong doi thu dugc 2,04 gam chat ran
Gia tri ciia V la
A 0,224 B 1,344
C 0,672 D 0,448
6.50 Cho 9,125 gam muoi hidrocacbonat phan ung het vdfi dung dich H2SO4
(du), thu dugc dung dich chira 7,5 gam mu6'i sunfat trung hoa
C6ng thiJc cua muoi hidrocacbonat la
A Mg(HC03)2 B NaHCO,
C Ca(HC03)2 D Ba(HC03)2
6.51 Cho h6n hgp gom 6,72 gam Mg va 0,8 gam MgO tac dung het vdi lugng
du dung dich HNO3. Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc
0,896 lit mot khi X (dktc) va dung dich Y Lam bay hoi dung dich Y thu
dugc 46 gam miici khan Khf X la
C N2 D.NO2
6.52 Cho 29,8 gam h6n hgp bot gom Zn va Fe vao 600 ml dung dich CUSO4
0,5M Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich X va
30,4 gam h6n hgp kim loai Phan tram ve kh6'i lugng ciia Fe trong h6n
hgp ban dau la
A 37,58% B 64,42%
C 43,62% D 56,37%
n -A
TONG H0P NQI DUNG CAC KIEN THlTC HOA VO C^i 1HUQC
CHUdNG TRIN1-1PHO THONG
1 Cho cac cap kim loai nguyen chat tiep xiic true tiep vori nhau : Fe va Pb ; Fe
va Zn ; Fe va Sn ; Fe va Ni Khi nhiing cac kim loai tren vao dung dich axit, s6' cap kim loai trong do Fe bi pha hiiy trudfc la
A 4 ' B.I C.2 D.3
2 Co th^ dung NaOH (6 ihi ran) de lam kho cac chat khi
A. NH3 , SO2 ,CO, C I 2. B. N 2 , NO2 , CO2 , C H 4 , i I,
C N H 3 , 0 2 , N 2 , C H 4 , H 2 D N2,Cl2 , 0 2 , C 0 2 ,
7.3 Cho so 66 phan ling : NaCl ^ (X) -> NaHCOj ^ (Y) NaNOj
X va Y CO the la
A NaOH va NaClO B Na2C03 va NaClO
C NaClO, va Na2C03 D NaOH va NajCOj
7.4 Trong cac dung dich : H N O 3 , NaCl, Na2S04, Ca(OH)2, K H S O 4 ,
Mg(N03)2, day gom cac chat deu tac dung dugc vdi dung dich Ba(HC03)2 la
A HN03,NaCl, Na2S04
B HN03,Ca(OH)2,KHS04,Na2S04
C NaCl, Na2S04,Ca(0H)2
D HNO3 ,Ca(OH)2, K H S O 4, Mg(N03)2
7.5. H6n hgp X chira NajO, N H 4 a , NaHCO, va BaCls c6 s6' mol m6i chat de
bang nhau Cho h6n hgp X vao H2O (du), dun nong, dung dich thu dugc chiia
A NaCl, NaOH, BaCl2
B NaCl
C NaCl, NaOH
D NaCl, NaHCO,, NH4CI, BaCl2
•6 Cho tir tir dung dich chiia a mol HCl vao dung dich chiia b mol N O i dong th&i khuay deu, thu dugc V lit khf (0 dktc) va dung dich X Klu cho
du nudfc voi trong vao dung dich X thay c6 xua't hi6n ket tiia
Bieu thtrc lien he giOa V vdi a, b la
A V = 22,4(a -b) B V = 11,2(a - b)
* C.V= ll,2(a + b) D V = 22,4(a + b)
35
Trang 177.7 Cho cac phan ling sau :
h) gUxerol (glixerin) + Cu(OH)2
Day gom cac phan irng deu thuOc phan itng oxi hoa - khur la *
Ạ a, b, d, e, f, h B a, b, d, e, f, g
C a, b, c, d, e, h D a, b, c, d, e, g
7.8 Khi nung nong hOn hop cac chat Fe(N03)2, FeCOH), va FeCO, trong
khOng khi dén khÓi lugmg khOng d6i, thu dugc mOt chát ran la
Ạ Fe304 B FeO
C Fe , D FezOj
7.9 Hap thu hoan toan 2,688 lit khi CO2 (d dktc) va 2,5 lit dung dich Bă0H)2
nong do a mol/lit, thu dugc 15,76 gam ket tuạ
Gia tri cua a la
Ạ 0,032 B 0,048
C.0,06 D 0,04
7.10 Cho day cac chat: CăHC03)2 ,NH4C1, (NH4)2S04, ZnS04, A1(0H)3,
Zn(OH)2 SÓ chat trong day c6 tinh chát lufifng tinh la
7.11 Menh d^ khong dung la
Ạ Fê"^ oxi hoa dugc Cụ
B Fe khur dugc Cu^"^ trong dung dich
C Fê"^ CO tinh oxi hoa manh hon Cu^"""
D Tinh oxi hoa cua cac ion tang theo thii tu: Fê"*", H"*", Cu^"*", Ag"*"
7.12 X 1^ kirn loai phan ung dugc v6i dung dich H2SO4 loang, Y la kirn loai tac dung dugc vdi dung dich Fe(N03)3 Hal kirn loai X, Y ian lugt la: (biet thu-tu day the dien hoa: Fế^/Fê"*' diing trirgc Ag"*/Ag)
Gia tri cua V la
Ạ BaC03 , Na2C03
C MgCOa, NaHC03 B CaCOj, NaHS04 D CaCOj, NaHC03
37
Trang 187.17 Cho cac phan ling sau:
So phan ung trong do HCl the hien tinh oxi hoa la
A 3 phan ung B 4 phan iJng
C 2 phan umg D 1 phan ling
7.18 Cho 2,16 gam Mg tac dung vdri dung dich HNO, (du) Sau khi phan ling
xay ra hoan toan thu dugc 0,896 lit khi NO (o dktc) va dung dich X
Kh6'i lircmg mu6'i khan thu dugc khi lam bay hai dung dich X la
A 8,88 gam B 13,92 gam
C 6,52 gam D 13,32 gam
7.19 Cho ciic phan ling:
Ca(OH)2 + CI2 CaOCb + H2<^^
(4) CI2 + dung dich H2S ->
Cac phan ung tao ra don chat la
D CI2 + 2NaOH -> NaCl + NaClO + H2O
7.22 Cho day cac cha't: NH4CI ,(NH4)2S04, NaCl, MgClj, FeCl2, AICI3 So cha't trong day tac dung vdri lugng du dung dich Ba(OH)2 tao thanh ket tiia la
A 5 cha't B 4 cha't
C 1 chat D 3 chat
7.23 Cho day cac chat: KOH, Ca(N03)2, SO3 , NaHS04, Na2S03, K2SO4
So cha't trong day tao thanh ket tua khi phan ling vdi dung dich BaCl2 la
A 4 B 6
C.3 D 2
7.24 Hai kim loai X, Y va cac dung dich mu6'i clorua ciia chung c6 cdc phan
ling hoa hoc sau:
X + 2YC1, xci2 + 2':a2
Y + XCI2 YCI2 + X Phat bieu diing la:
A Ion Y^"^ CO tinh oxi hoa manh hon ion X^"*"
B Kim loai X khir dugc ion Y^"^
C Kim loai X c6 tinh khir manh hon kim loai Y
D Ion Y^^ CO tinh oxi hoa manh hon ion X^"^
7.25 Day g6m cac cha't vtra tan trong dung dich HCl, vira tan trong dung dich
NaOH la
A NaHCO,, MgO, Ca(HC03)2 B NaHCO,, ZnO, Mg(OH)2
C NaHCO,, Ca(HC03)2, AI2O3 D Mg(0H)2, AljO,, Ca(HC03)2
7.26 Thi nghiem nao sau day c6 ket tiia sau phan ling?
A Cho dung dich NaOH den du vao dung dich CrCNO,),
B Cho dung dich HCl den du vao dung dich NaA102 (ho^c Na[Al(0H)4])
C Thdi CO2 den du vao dung dich Ca(0H)2
_D Cho dung dich NH, den du vao dung dich AlCl,
39
Trang 197.27 Thuc hien cac thi nghiem sau:
(I) Cho dung dich NaCl vac dung dich KOH
(II) Cho dung dich NajCO, vao dung dich Ca(OH )2
(III) Dien phan dung dich NaCl vdi dien cure tro, c6 mang ngan
(IV) Cho Cu (OH), vao dung dich NaNO,
(V) Sue khi NH3 vao dung dich NajCO,
(VI) Cho dung dich Na^SO^ vao dung dich Ba (0H )2
Cac thi nghiem deu di^u che dirge NaOH la
A I , I I v a i n B I I , V v a V I
C I I , I I I va V I D I , IV va V
7.28 Khi nhiet phan hoan toan timg muoi X, Y thi diu tao ra so mol khi nho
hem s6' mol mu6'i tuong ling D6t m6t lirgng nho tinh thi Y trtn den khi
kh6ng mau, tha'y ngon lica c6 mau vang Hai mu6'i X, Y Mn lugt la
A CaCO,, NaNO, B KMnO^, NaNO,
C. Cu(NO,)2, NaNO, D NaNO,, K N O 3
7.29 Cho dung dich chiJa 6,03 gam h6n hgp hai mud'i NaX va NaY (X, Y la hai
nguyen t6' eo trong tu nhifin, d hai chu ki lien ti€p thu6c nhom V I I A, s6'
hieu nguyen tir Zx < Zy) vao dung dich AgNO, (du), thu dugc 8,61 gam
ke't tua Ph^n tram kh6'i lugng cua NaX trong h6n hgp ban ddu la
A 52,8% B 58,2%
C 47,2% • D 41,8%
7.30 Co cac thi nghiem sau:
(I) Nhiing thanh sat vao dung dich H2SO4 loang, ngu6i
(II) Sue khi SO2 vao nude brom
(III) Sue khi CO2 vao nirofc Gia-ven
(IV) Nhiing la nh6m vao dung dich H2SO4 dae, ngudi
So thi nghiSm xay ra phan ling hoa hgc la
7.32 Cho 3,024 gam m6t kim loai M tan he't trong dung dich HNO, loang, thi|
dugc 940,8 ml khi NPy (san pham khii duy nha't, d dktc) c6 ti khO'i d6'i
v6i H2 bang 22 Khi N,Oy va kim loai M la
A. N 2 O va Fe B. N O 2 va A l
C. N 2 O va Al D NO va Mg
7.33 N6u cho I mol m6i chat: CaOClj, KMn04, K2Cr207, MnOj Ifo lugt phan
ling vol lugng du dung dich HCl dac, chat tao ra lugng khi CI2 nhieu nha't la
A.CaOCl2 B KMn04
C K2Cr207 D Mn02
7.34 Cho phuong trinh hoa hgc :
Fe304 + H N O 3 ^ Fe(N03)3 + N,Oy + H 2 O
Sau khi can bang phuong trinh hoa hgc vdi ht s6 cua cac chat la nhung so
nguyen t6', t6'i gian thi he s6' cua H N O 3 la
A 23x-9y B 45x-18y
C 13x-9y D 46x-18y
7.35 Trudng hgp nao sau day khong xay ra phan ling hoa hgc?
A Sue khi H2S vao dung dich F e C l 2
B Cho Fe vao dung dich H2SO4 loang, ngu6i
C Sue khi HjS vao dung dich CUCI2
D Sue khi CI2 vao dung dich F e C l 2
7.36 Cho b6'n h6n hgp, m6i h6n hgp g6m hai cha't ran c6 s6' mol bang nhau:
Na20 va AI2O3; Cu va FeCl,; BaClj va CUSO4; Ba va NaHCO, So h 6 n hg^)
CO the tan hoan toan trong nude (du) chi tao ra dung dich la
A 1 B 2 C.4 • D.3
7.37 Tliuc hien cac thi nghi6m sau:
(I) Sue khi SO2 vao dung dich KMn04
(II) Sue khi SO2 vao dung dich HjS
(III) Sue h6n hgp khi NO2 va O2 vao nu6c
(IV) Cho M n 0 2 vao dung dich HCl dac, nong
(V) Cho Fe203 vao dung dich H2SO4 dac, nong
^ (VI) Cho Si02 vao dung djch HF
Trang 20So thi nghiem c6 phan irng oxi hoa - kh& xay ra la
A 4 B 3
7.38 Phat bieu khong diing la:
A Kim cucfng, than chi, fuleren la cac dang thu hinh cua cacbon
B Hidro sunfua bi oxi hoa bcri nirdc clo d nhiet d6 thucrng
C Tat ca cac nguyen t6' halogen d^u c6 cac s6' oxi hoa: -1, +1, +3, +5 va
+7 trong cac hgrp cha't
D Trong cong nghiep, photpho duoc san xua't bang each nung h6n hop
quang photphorit, cat va than coc d 1200"C trong 16 difn
7.39 Phat bieu nao sau day dung?
A Cac kirn loai: natri, bari, beri deu tac dung vdi nude ci nhiet do thircmg
B Kim loai xesi duac dting de che tao te bao quang dien
C Theo chieu tang ditn ciia dien tich hat nhan, cac kim loai kiem thd (tCr
beri den bari) c6 nhiet do nong chay giam dSn
D Kim loai magie c6 kieu mang tinh thi lap phucmg tam dien
7.40 Co cac phat hiiu sau:
(1) Liru huynh, photpho diu b6'c chay khi tie'p xiic vori CrO,
(2) Ion Fe^^ c6 ca'u hinh electron viet gon la [Ar]3d\
(3) Bot nhom tu boc chay khi tiep xuc vdi khi clo
(4) Phen chua c6 c6ng thiic la Na2S04.Al2(S04)v24H20
Cac phat bieu diing la
A.(l),(3),(4) B (2), (3), (4)
C (1), (2), (3) D.(l),(2),(4)
7.41 H6n hop khi X gom va Hj c6 ti khoi so vdi He bang 1,8 Dun nong X m6t
thoi gian trong binh kin (c6 bot Fe lam xiic tac), thu dugc h6n hop khi Y c6 ti
khd'i so vdi He bang 2 Hieu suA't cua phan ung tdng hop NH, la
A 50% B 40%
7.42 Cho cac chat: NaHCO,, CO, AlCOH),, FeCOH),, HF, Clj, N H 4 C I So chSft
tac dung dugc vdi dung djch NaOH loang d nhiet do thudng la
A 3 B 5
C.6 D.4
7.43 Phuong phap de loai bo tap chat HCl c6 lan trong khi H2S la: Cho hdn hop
khi igi tir tir qua mot lugng du dung dich
KhiJr hoan loan m gam oxit M^Oy cAn viJra du 17,92 lit khi CO (dktc), thu
dugc a gam kim loai M Hoa tan he't a gam M bang dung dich H2SO4 dac
nong (du), thu dugc 20,16 lit khi SO2 (san phslm khu duy nha't, d dktc)
Oxit M,Oy la
A Cr^Oy B FeO
C Fe,04 D CrO
M6t loai phan supephotphat kep c6 chiia 69,62% muo'i canxi
dihidrophotphat, con lai gdm cac cha't khOng chira photpho
DO dinh dudng ciia loai phan lan nay la
A 48,52% B 42,25%
C 39,76% D 45,75%
Phat bieu nao sau day khong diing?
A Dung dich dam dac cua NajSiO, va K2Si03 dugc ggi la thily tinh long
B Dam chay magie cd the dugc dap tat bang cat kho
C. CF2CI2 bj cam sir dung do khi thai ra khi quyen thi pha hiiy t^ng ozon
D Trong phong thi nghiem, N2 dugc di^u che' bang each dun ndng dung
dich N H 4 N O 2 bao hoa"
Cd 4 dung dich rieng biet: CUSO4, Z n C l 2 , FeCl,, AgNO, Nhung vao mdi
dung dich mot thanh Ni So trudng hgp xua't hitn an mon dien hoa la
A K3PO4, K2HPO4, KH2PO4 B KH2PO4, K2HPO4, K3PO4
C K3PO4, KH2PO4, K2HPO4 D KH2PO4, K3PO4, K2HPO4
Dot chay hoan loan m gam FeSj bang mdt lugng O2 vtra du, thu dugc khi
X Ha'p thu het X vao 1 lit dung dich chira Ba(OH)2 0,15M va KOH 0,1M, thu dugc dung dich Y va 21,7 gam ket tiia Cho Y vao dung dich NaOH,
tha'y xua't hifin them k6t tua Gia tri cua m la
A 23,2 , B 12,6
C 18,0 ' D 24,0
Cho cac dung dich loang: (1) FeCl,, (2) FeCl2, (3) H2SO4, (4) H N O 3 ,
(5) hdn hgp gom HCl va NaNO, Nhung dung dich phan iJng dugc vdi kim loai Cu la
A (1), (3), (4) B (1), (4), (5)
C(l),(2),(3) D.(l),(3),(5)
43
Trang 217.51 Cho a gam Fe vao 100 ml dung djch h6n hop g6m HNO, 0,8M va
Cu(N03)2 IM Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc 0,92a
+5
gam h6n hop kirn loai va khi NO (san phdm khtr duy nha't cua N)
Gia tri cua a la
A 11,2 B 11,0
C 5,6 D 8,4
7.52 Cho 9,125 gam muO'i hidrocacbonat phan utig het \6 'i dung dich H2SO4
(dir), thu dugc dung djch chiia 7,5 gam mud'i sunfat trung hoa
C6ng thiJc ciia muO'i hidrocacbonat la
A.Mg(HC03)2 B.NaHCO,
C.Ca(HC03)2 D.Ba(HC03)2
7.53 Cho so d6 chuy^n hoa sau:
CaO — C a C l 2 —i^Ca(NO02 CaCO,
C6ng thu-c ciia X, Y, Z Mn lugt la
C. CI2, AgNO,, MgCOv D. CI2, HNO3, CO2
8 DAI CUdNG HOA HOC HUU CO, HIDROCACBON
8.1 Dan V lit (6 dktc) hOn hop X g6m axetilen va hidro di qua ong sii dimg
bot niken nung nong, thu dugc khi Y DSn Y vao lugng du AgNO, (hoac
Ag20) trong dung dich NH, thu dugc 12 gam ket tua Khi ra khoi dung
dich phan ling vira du vdfi 16 gam brom va con lai khi Z D6't chay hoan
toan khi Z thu dugc 2,24 lit khi COj (d dktc) \h 4,5 gam nude
Gia tri ciia V bang
A 11;2 B 13,44
C 5,60 D 8,96
8.2 Co 3 chat long benzen, anilin, stiren, dung rifing biet trong Ig mat nhan
Thuoc thir d^ phan biet 3 chat long tren la
A dung dich phenolphtalein B mdc brom
C gia'y quy tim D dung dich NaOH
8.3 Khi brom hoa mot ankan chi thu dugc mot dan xuat monobrom duy nha't
CO ti khoi hoi dO'i vdi hidro la 75,5 Ten cua ankan do la
A 2,2,3-trimetylpentan B 2,2-dimetylpropan
C 3,3-dimetylhexan D isopentan
44
8.4 Cho 4,48 lit hOn hop X (d dktc) g6m 2 hidrocacbon mach hcJ lOi tCr tir qua
binh chiJa 1,4 lit dung dich Bvj 0,5M Sau khi phan ung hoan toan, s6' mol
Brj giam di mOt nua va khO'i lugng binh tang them 6,7 gam C6ng thiic
phan tijr ciia 2 hidrocacbon la
A C2H2 va C4H6 B C2H2 va C4H8
C. C3H4 va C4H8. D. C2H2 va CjHg
8.5 Ba hidrocacbon X, Y, Z ke' tie'p nhau trong day ddng dang, trong do khO'i lugng phan tur Z gap dOi khO'i lugng phan tu X D6't chay 0,1 mol cha't Y, san pham khi ha'p thu hoan toan vao dung dich Ca(OH)2 (du), thu dugc s6'
gam ket tua la
A 20 B.40 C.30 D 10
8.6 H6n hgp g6m hidrocacbon X va oxi c6 ti le sO' mol tuong ung la 1 : 10 Dot chay hoan toan hOn hgp tren thu dugc hOn hgp khi Y Cho Y qua
dung dich H2SO4 dac, thu dugc hOn hgp khi Z c6 ti khoi dO'i vdi hidro
bang 19 COng thuc phan ttr ciia X la (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A C3H8 B C3H6
C C4H8 , D C3H4
Dun nong hOn hgp khi g6m 0,06 mol C2H2 va 0,04 mol H2 vdfi xiic tac Ni,
sau mot thdi gian thu dugc hOn hgp khf Y Dan toan b6 h6n hgp Y I6i tur tir qua binh dung dung dich brom (du) thl con lai 0,448 lit hOn hgp khi Z
(o dktc) CO ti khO'i so v6i oxi la 0,5
Khoi lugng bmh dung dich brom tang la
A 1,20 gam B 1,04 gam
C 1,64 gam D 1,30 gam
8.8 Dan 1,68 lit hOn hgp khi X gom hai hidrocacbon vao binh dimg dung dich
brom (du) Sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, c6 4 gam brom da phan img va con iai 1,12 lit khi
Ne'n dot chay hoan toan 1,68 lit X thi sinh ra 2,8 lit khf CO2
COng thiic phan tu ciia hai hidrocacbon la (bie't cac the tich khi deu do d dktc)
A CH4vaC2H4. B. CH4 va C3H4
C. CH4vaC3H6. D. C2H6 va C^Hf,
8.9 Hidrocacbon mach hor X trong phan tii chi chita lien ket a va c6 hai nguyen til cacbon bac ba trong mOt phan tuf Dot chay hoan toan 1 the tich X sinh ra
6 the tich CO2 (6 cung dieu kien nhiet do, ap suat) Khi cho X tac dung vdri
CI 2 (theo ti le so mol 1:1), so dan xuat monoclo tdi da sinli ra la
A.-3 dan xuat B 4 dSn xua't
C 2 dan xuat D 5 dan xuat
Trang 228.10 Dot chay hoan toan h6n hop M gom 1 ankan X va m6t ankin Y , thu dil^c
so mol CO2 bang so mol H j O
Thanh phan phin tram vi s6' mol cua X va Y trong h6n hgfp M Ian luot la
A 75% va 25% B 20% va 80%
C 35% va 65% D 50% va 50%
8.11 Dot chay hoan toan m6t hidrocacbon X thu dugc 0,11 mol C O 2 va 0,132
mol H 2 O Khi X tac dung v6i khf clo (theo ti le s6' mol 1 : 1) thu duoc m6{
san pham hOu ccf duy nhat
TSn goi cua X la
A 2-metylbutan B 2-metylpropan
C 2,2-dimetylpropan D etan
8.12 H6n hop khf X gom 0,3 mol va 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen Nung X m6l
thai gian v6'i xiic tac N i thu dirge h6n hop khf Y c6 t i khC'i so vdi kh6ng
khf la 1 Neu cho toan bo Y sue tir tCr vao dung dich brom (du) thi c6 m
gam brom tham gia phan ling Gia tri cua m la
A 16,0 B 3,2
C 8,0 D 32,0
8.13 Cho h6n hop X gom CH4, C2H4 va C 2 H 2 U y 8,6 gam X tac dung he't v6i
dung dich brom (du) thi khdi lirgng brom phan ihig la 48 gam Mat khac,
neu cho 13,44 1ft (of dktc) hOn hop khf X tac dung vdi lugng du dung dicli
A g N O , trong N H , , thu dugc 36 gam ket tiia
Ph^n tram Ihi tfch cua CH4 c6 trong X la
A 20% B 50%
C 25% D 4 0 %
8.14 H6n hop khf X gom H 2 va mot anken c6 kha nang cong HBr cho san
pham huu co duy nhat T i khdi ciia X so \di H2 bang 9,1 Dun nong X c6
xuc tac N i , sau k h i phan ling xay ra hoan toan thu dugc hOn hop khf Y
khong lam mat mau nude brom; ti khdi ciia Y so vdi bang 13 Cdng
thirc cau tao ciia anken la
A. C H 3 - C H = C H - C H 3 B C H 2 = C H 2
8.15 Hdn hop khf X gom anken M va ankin N cd ciing sd nguyfin tix cacbon
trong phan tijr Hdn hgp X cd khdi lugng 12,4 gam va thi tfch 6,72 lit (c*
dktc) Sd mol, cdng thiic phan tir cua M va N Ian lugt la
gam va cd 280 m l hdn hgp khf Z (dktc) thoat ra T i khdi ciia Z so vdi H j
la 10,08 Gia tri ciia m la
A 0,328 B 0,620
C 0,585 D 0,205
Ddt chay hoan toan mdt lugng hidrocacbon X Hap thu toan bd san pham chay vao dung dich Ba(0H)2 (du) tao ra 29,55 gam kdt tiia, dung dich sau
phan img cd khdi lugng giam 19,35 gam so vdi dung djch Ba(OH)2 ban
dSu Cdng thirc phSn tu ciia X la
tuong iimg la 3 : 4 The tfch khf oxi can dung de ddt chay X bang 1,5 Ian
Cdng thuc phan tijr ciia X la
.19
.20
Trang 23Co bao nhieu ancol bac 2, no, dom chirc, mach her la d6ng phan ca'u tao
ciia nhau ma phan tur ciia chiing c6 phin trSm khO'i luong cacbon bang
68,18%?
A 2 B.3
C.4 D.5 •
X la mot ancol no, mach hb Dot chay hoan toan 0,05 mol X can 5,6 gam
oxi, thu dugc hoi nudtc va 6,6 gam CO2
C6ng thiJc cua X la
C C,H,(0H)2 D QH4(OH)2
Cho m gam ancol no, don chiJc X qua binh dung CuO (dir), nung nong
Sau khi phan ung hoan toan, khS'i lucmg chat rSn trong blnh giam 0,32
gam H6n hop hoi thu dugc c6 ti khoi d6'i v6i hidro la 15,5
Gia tri cua m la
A 0,64 B.0,92
C 0,32 D 0,46
Gho 15,6 gam h6n hgp hai ancol don chiic, ke' tie 'p nhau trong day d6ng
dang tac dung het vdi 9,2 gam Na, thu dugc 24,5 gam chat ran Hai ancol
do la
A C 3 H 5 O H va C 4 H 7 O H B C 2 H 5 O H va C 3 H 7 O H
G C 3 H 7 O H va C 4 H 9 O H D C H 3 O H va C 2 H 5 O H
Khi tach nude t\x mdt chat X c6 c6ng thfc phan tii G4H,oO tao thanh ba
anken la ddng phan ciia nhau (tinh ca dong phan hinh hoc)
G6ng thiic ca'u tao thu ggn ciia X la
A ( C H 3 ) 3 C O H B C H 3 O C H 2 C H 2 C H 3
G CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 D CH3CH(CH3)CH20H
Cho m gam h6n hgp X g6m hai ancol no, don chiic, k6 tiep nhau trong
day dong ding tac dung vdi CuO (du) nung nong, thu dugc h6n hgp rib
Z va m6t h6n hgp hoi Y (c6 ti khfi'i hoi so v6i H2 la 13,75) Cho toan bO
Y phan ling vdi m6t lugng du AgjO (hoac AgNO.O trong dung dich NH,
dun nong, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag
Gia tri ciia m la
A 9,2 B 7,8
G 7,4 D 8,8
Khi tach nude tCr ancol 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), san
pham chinh thu dugc la
A 3-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en)
B 2-mfctylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en) i
9.9
C 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en)
D 3-metylbuten-l (hay 3-metylbut-l-en)
Oxi hoa 1,2 gam C F I 3 O H bling CuO nung nong, sau mot thdi ^ian thu dugc h6n hgp san pham X (gom HGHO, H2O va CH,0!I du) Che- l o u n bo
X tac dung vdi luwig du Ag20 (hoac AgNO,) trong dung dich Nrl„ dugc
12,96 gam Ag
Hieu sua't ciia phan ling oxi hoa'CH^OH la
A 76,6% B 80,0%
C 65,5% D 70,4%
9.10 Dun nong m6t (ancol) don chiic X vdi dung dich H2SO4 dac trong dieu
kien nhiet do thich hcrp sinh ra chat hiru co Y, ti khoi hoi ciia X so v6i Y
la 1,6428 Cong thirc phan tii ciia X la
A a^yP B G2H,0
G GH4O D C,H,0
9.11 Dot chay hoan toan h6n hgp M g6m hai (ancpl) X va Y la dong dang
ke tiep ciia nhau, thu dugc 0,3 mol COj va 0,425 mol HjO hiai khac,
cho 0,25 mol h6n hgp M tac dung vol Na (du), thu dugc chua den 0,15 mol Hj
Gong thiic phan tii ciia X va Y la
A C2H6O2 , C3H8O2 B C2H6O , CH4O
G C3H6O C4H8O D C2H6O, C3H8O
9.12 D6't chay hoan toan mot ancol da chiic,- mach ho X, thu dugc H2O va CO2 vdi ti le s6' mol tuong lingua 3 : 2 Gong thiic phan tii cua X la
G C3H8O2 D C4H,o02
9.13 Oxi hoa m gam^ etanol thu dugc h6n hgp X gom axetandehit, axit axetu,
nude va etanol dir Cho toan b6 X tac dung vdi dung dich NaHGO, (du)
thu dugc 0,56 1ft khi GO2 (6 dktc) Kh6'i lugng etanol da bi oxi hoa tao ra axit la
A 1,15 gam B 4,60 gam
G 2,30 gam ' D 5,75 gam 9.14 Dun nong h6n hcifp hai ancol don chiic, mach hd vdi H2SO4 dac, thu Jugc hdn hgp gom cac ete Lay 7,2 gam mdt trong cac ete do dem dot chay hoan toan, thu dugc 8,96 1ft khf GO2 (d dktc) va 7,2 gam HjO
Hai ancol do la
A CH3OH va G3H7OH
* B C2H,OH va CH.OH
49
Trang 24C C2H ,OH va CH2=: C H - CH^- OH
D CH3OH va CH2= C H - C H 2 - O H
9.15 D6't chay hoan toan m gam h5n hop 3 ancol doti chirc, thu6c cung day
dong dang, thu duoc 3,808 1ft khi CO2 (dktc) va 5,4 gam H2O
Gia tri ciia m la
A 5,42 B 4,72
C 7,42 D 5,72
9.16 H6n hop M g6m ancol no, don chiic X va axit cacboxylic dcfn chirc Y,
deu mach hd va c6 cung ,s6' nguyen tix C, t6ng s6' mol ciia hai cha't la 0,5
mol (so mol ciia Y Ic^ifn hon so mol ciia X) Ne'u dd't chay hoan toan M thi
thu dim- ?3 6 CO2 (dktc) va 25,2 gam HjO Mat khac, neu dun
nong M v6i H2SO4 dac de thuc hien phan utig este hoa (hieu suat la 80%)
thi s6' gam este thu dugc la
A 22,80 B 18,24
C 27,36 D 34,20
9.17 Trong so cac phat bieu sau ve phenol (QH,OH):
(1) Phenol tan it trong nu6c nhung tan nhieu trong dung dich H Q
(2) Phenol c6 tinh axit, dung dich phenol khOng lam doi mau quy tim
(3) Phenol dCing de san xua't keo dan, cha't diet na'm moc
(4) Phenol tham gia phan irng the brom va the' nitro de han benzen
Cac phat bieu dung la
A ( l ) , ( 3 ) , ( 4 ) B.(l),(2),(4)
C.(l),(2),(3) D (2), (3), (4)
9.18 H6n hop X gom 1 ancol va 2 san phim hop nirdfc cua propen Ti kh6'i hai
ciia X so vdi hidro bang 23 Cho m gam X di qua 6'ng stir dirng CuO (dur)
nung nong Sau khi cac phan ting xay ra hoan toan, thu dirge h6n hop Y
gom 3 chat hCru ca va hai nude, khoi lirang 6'ng sir giam 3,2 gam Cho Y
tac dung hoan toan vdi lugng du dung dich AgNO, trong NH3, tao ra 48,6
gam Ag Phan tram khoi lugng cda propan-l-ol trong X la
A 65,2% B 16,3%
C 48,9% D 83,7%
9.19 Dot chay hoan toan m6t lucfng h6n hop X g6m 2 ancol (ddu no, da chirc,
mach ha, c6 cung so nhom -OH) can vCra dii V lit khi O2, thu ducfc 11,2
lit khi CO2 va 12,6 gam H^O (cac the ti'ch khi do cf dktc) Gia tri ciia V la
A 14,56 B 15,68
C 11,20 D.4,48
9 20 Cho 10 ml dung dich ancol etylic 46" phan ung h€t voi kim Nc* (dix),
thu dugc V lit khi Hj (dktc) Biet kh6'i lugng rieng ciia ancoi elylic
nguyen chat bang 0,8 g/ml Gia tri cua V la
A 0,896 B 4,256
C 3,360 D 2,128
10 ANDEHIT, XETON, A X I T CACBOXYLIC
10.1- V lit (d dktc) h6n hop X gom axetilen va hidro di qua 6'ng s''r dung
b6t niken nung nong, thu dugc khi Y DSn Y vao lugng du AgNG, (hoSc AgaO) trong dung dich N H , thu dugc 12 gam ket tua Khi ra khoi dung dich phan umg vira dii vdi 16 gam brom va con lai khi Z D6't chay hoan
toan khi Z thu dugc 2,24 lit khi CO2 (d dktc) va 4,5 gam r.udc Gia tri ciia
V bang
A 11,2 B 13,44
C 5,60 D 8,96
10.2 Cho 2,9 gam mot andehit phan irng hoan toan vdi lugng du AgNO^ (hoac
AgjO) trong dung dich N H , thu dugc 21,6 gam Ag C6ng thiic cau tao thu ggn cua andehit la
A HCHO B CH2 - CH - CHO
C O H C - C H O D CH3CHO
10.3 De tning hoa 6,72 gam mot axit cacboxylic Y (no, dan chiic), can dung
200 gam dung dich NaOH 2,24% Cong thiic cua Y la
A C2H5COOH B HCOOH
C C3H7COOH D CH3COOH
10.4 Dot chay hoan toan 0,1 mol mot axit cacboxylic dan chiic, c & vira d i i '
lit O2 (d dktc), thu dugc 0,3 mol COj va 0,2 mol H2O Gia tri ciia V la
A 6,72 B 4,48
C 8,96 D 11,2
10.5 Cho 6,6 gam mot andehit X dan chiic, mach hd phan irng vdi lugng du
AgNO, (hoac AgjO) trong dung dich NH„ dun nong Lugng Ag sin: id
cho phan iing he't vdi axit HNO3 loang, thoat ta 2,24 lit khi NO (san p am khir duy nhat, do d di^u kien tieu chu^n) C6ng thuc cau tao thu ggn cua
X l a
A CH3CHO B HCHO
C CH3CH2CHO D CH2=CHCHO
51
Trang 2510.6 Cho 0,1 mol andehit X tac dung v6i lugng du A g N O , (hoac AgjO) trong
dung dich N H „ dun nong thu dugc 43,2 gam A g Hidro hoa X thu duoc
Y, biet 0,1 mol Y phan ung vixa dii vd\6 gam Na Cong thurc ca'u tao thu
gon cua X la
C O H C - CHO D CH3CH(OH)CHO
10.7 H6n hoi) X g6in axit HCOOH va axit CH,COOH (ti 16 mol 1 : 1 ) La'y 5,.<
gam h6n hgp X tac dung v6i 5,75 gam C2H5OH (c6 xuc tac H2SO4 dac)
thu dugc m gam h6n hgp este (hieu sua't ciia cac phan ling este hoa din
bang 80%) Giat;; ua m la
A 10,12 B.6,48
C 8,10 D 16,20
10.8 Dot chay hoan toan a mol axit hfru Y dugc 2a mol CO2 Mat khac, do
trung hoa a mol Y can vCra dii 2a mol NaOH *
Cong thuc cau tao thu ggn cua Y la
A HOOC - CH2 - CH2 - COOH B C2H5 - COOH
10.9 Dun nong V lit hoi andehit X vol 3V lit khi H2 (xuc tac Ni) de'n khi phar
ling xay ra hoan toan chi thu dugc 1 h6n hgp khi Y c6 ihi tich 2V lit (cac
thi tich khi do o ciing dieu kien) Ngung tu Y thu dugc cha't Z; cho Z tac
dung vdi Na sinh ra H2 c6 so mol bang s6' mol Z da phan ung
Chat X la andehit
A khong no (cMa m6t ndi doi C=C), hai chiic
B no, hai chiic
C khong no (chira mot noi doi C=C), don chiic
D no, don chiic
10.10 Axit cacboxyhc no, mach her X c6 cong thiic thuc nghiem (C,!!/), ), ,
vSy cong thiic phan tir cua X la
A.C,HA- B.QHA
C.C,2H„0,2
D.G;H,A-10.11 Cho 3,6 gam axil cacboxylic no, dan chiic X tac dung hoan toan vdti
500 m l dung dich gom KOH 0,12M va NaOH 0,12M Co can dung dich
thu dugc 8,28 gam h6n hgp chat ran khan
Cong thiic phan t i i cua X la
A C,H,COOH B CH3COOH
C HCOOH D.C^H^COOH
10.12 Cho h6n hgp g6m 0,1 mol HCHO va 0,1 mol HCOOH tac dung vdi
lugng du AgjO (hoac AgNO,) trong dung dich NH„ dun nong Sau k h i
cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan, khdi lugng A g tao thanh la
A. 21,6 gam B. 10,8 gam
C. 43,2 gam D. 64,8 gam
10.13 Cho 0,1 mol h6n hgp X g6m hai andehit no, don chiic, mach ho, ke' tie'p nhau trong day d6ng dang tac dung vdi lugng du dung dich AgNO, trong NH3, dun nong thu dugc 32,4 gam Ag Hai andehit trong X la
A HCHO va CaH^CHO B HCHO va CH3CHO
C C2H3CHO va CjH^CHO D CH3CHO va CjHsCHO
10.14 Trung hoa 8,2 gam h6n hgp g6m axit fomic va mot axit don chiic X c^n
1001 m l dung dich NaOH 1,5M Ne'u cho 8,2 gam h6n hop tren tac dung
voi m6t lugng du dung dich AgN03 trong NH3, dun nong thi thu dugc
21,6 gam A g Ten ggi ciia X la
A axit acrylic B axit propanoic
C axit etanoic D axit metacrylic
10.15 H6n hgp X g6m axit Y don chiic va axit Z hai chiic (Y, Z c6 cilng s6' nguyen t i cacbon) Chia X thanh hai phan bang nhau Cho phan mot tac dung het vdi Na, sinh ra 4,48 lit khi H2 (d dktc) Dd't chay hoan toan phan
hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam COj Cdng thirc cau tao thu ggn va phan tram v6
khd'i lugng cua Z trong hdn hgp X Ian lugt la
Cha't X CO cong thiic chung la
A C„H2„_.3CHO (n > 2) B C „ H 2 „ _ , C H 0 (n > 2)
C C„H2n+jCH0 ( n > 0 ) ^ D C „ H 2 „ ( C H O ) ( n > 0 )
*0.17 Oxi hoa het 2,2 gam hdn hgp hai ancol don chiic thanh andehit cSn v t o dii 4,8 gam CuO Cho toan bg lugng andehit tren lac dung vdi lugng du dung dich AgN03 trong NH3, thu dugc 23,76 gam Ag Hai ancol la
A C2H,OH, C2HSCH2OH B C2H,0H, C3H7CH2OH
C CH3OH, C2H,CH20H D CH3OH, QH.OH
53
Trang 2610.18 Axeton dugc diiu chfí bang each oxi hoa cumen nh5 oxi, sau do thuy
phan trong dung djch HjS04 loang Di thu dugc 145 gam axeton thi
lurgng cumen c&n dung (gia sur hitu suát qua tnnh di^u chédat 75%) la
Ạ 400 gam B 600 gam
C SOOgan:, D 300 gam
10.19 H6n hop Z g6m hai n\'V cacboxylic don chiic X va Y (M^ > My) c6 t6ng
khdi lugfng la 8,2 gam Cho Z lac dung viJra du v6i dung dich NaOH,
thu dugc dung dich chtra 11,5 gam muoị Mat khac, neu cho Z tac dung
vcri mot lagng du dung dich AgNOj trong N H , , thu dugc
21,6 gam Ag C6ng thírc va phan tram khfil lugng ciia X trong Z la
Ạ C,H,COOH va 54,88% B CjH^COOH va 43,90%
C CjH.COOH va 56,10% D HCOOH va 45,12%
10.20 Cho h6n hgp M gom andehit X (no, don chiJc, mach hd) va hidrocacbon
Y , CO t6ng so mol la 0,2 (s6' mol cua X nho hon cua Y), D6t chay hoan
toan M , thu dugc 8,96 lit khf CO2 (dktc) va 7,2 gam H2Ọ
10.22 Mai rliat X va Y c6 cung c6ng thiJc phAn tij C,H402 ChS't X phan umg
dugc vdri kim loai Na va tham gia phan img trang bac Chat Y phan ung
dugc v6i k i m loai Na va hoa tan dugc CaCOv
Cong thuc ciia X , Y Ian lugt la
Ạ HCOOCH,, HOCHjCHỌ B HCOOCH,, CH,COOH
10.23 Cho 16,4 gam h6n hgp X g6m 2 axit cacboxylic la d6ng dang ké tiép
nhau plian ling hoan toan v6i 200 ml dung dich NaOH I M va K O H I M
thu dugc dung dich Y C6 can dung dich Y , thu dugc 31,1 gam h6n hgp
chat ran khan Cong thirc cua 2 axit trong X la
Ạ C ^ H A va C4H,02 B Q H A va C,H402
C. C2H4O2 va C3H,02 D C3H6O2 va C.H^Ộ
10.24 Dot chay hoan toan 2,76 gam h6n hgp X gom C^HyCOOH
C^HyCOOCH,, CH,OH thu dugc 2,688 lit C62 (dktc) va 1,8 gam H2Ọ
Mat khac, cho 2,76 gam X phan ung vijra du vdri 30 m l dung dich NaOH
I M , thu dugc 0,96 gam CH3OH Cong thiic ciia C.HyCOOK id
Ạ CjH.COOH B C^H^COOH
54
11 E S T E , LIPIT
11.1 Este X khong no, mach hcf, c6 t i khdi hoi so v6i oxi bang 3,125 vk khi
tham gia phan ung xa phong hoa tao ra m6t andehit va mot muÓi ciia axit huu cạ Co bao nhifiu c6ng thirc cáu tao phii hgp vai X?
C 3 D 4
1.2 Di trung hoa lugng axit tu do c6 trong 14 gam m6t mSu chát beo can
15 ml dung dich K O H 0,1M Chi so axit ciia mau chat beo tren la
C 6,0 D 5,5
1.3 Hai este don chiic X va Y la dong phan cua nhaụ K h i hoa hai 1,85 gam
X, thu dugc thé tich hgi diing bang th^ tich cua 0,7 gam N j (do 6 ciing
dieu kien) C6ng thiic cáu tao thu ggn cua X va Y la
Ạ C2H3COOC2H5 va C2H5COOC2H3
B C2H5COOCH3 va HCOOCn(CH3)2
C. HCOOCH2CH2CH, va CH3COOC2H,
D. H C O O C 2 H , va CH3COOCH3
1.4 Cho glixerol (glixerin) phan ling vdi h6n hgp axit beo gom C,7H3,COOH
va C,,H3,C00H, s6' loai trieste dugc tao ra t6'i da la
Ạ 5 B 4
C 3 D 6
1.5 X la m6t este no dan chiJc, c6 ti kh6'i hai d6'i vdi CH4 la 5,5 Neu dem dun
2,2 gam este X vdi dung dich NaOH (du), thu dugc 2,05 gam muoị C6ng
thiic cáu tao thu ggn cCia X la
1.6 Thuy phan hoan toan 444 gam m6t lipit thu dugc 46 gam glixerol
(glixerin) va hai loai axit beọ Hai loai axit beo do la
Ạ C,3H3|COOH va C,7H35COOH
B C,7H33COOH va C,5H3,COOH
C C|7H3,COOH va C17H33COOH
D. C17H33COOH va C,7H35COOH 1.7 Xa phong hoa 8,8 gam etyl axetat bang 200 m l dung dich NaOH 0,2M
Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan c6 can dung dich thu dugc chat ran khan c6 khdi lugng la
-C 10,4 gam D 8,2 gam
55
Trang 2711.8 Esle X CO dac d i ^ m sau:
- Dot chay hoan toan X tao thanh CO2 va H2O c6 so m o l bang nhau;
- Thuy phan X trong m 6 i trudng axit duac cha't Y (tham gia phan ling
trang bac) va chat Z (c6 s6' nguySn tir cacbon bang m6t nira s6' nguydn
ttr cacbon trong X )
Phat bieu k h o n g diing !a:
A Cha't X thu6c loai este no, dofn chirc
B D6't chay hoan toan 1 m o l X sinh ra san pham g 6 m 2 m o l CO2 va
2 m o l H2O
C Chat Y tan v6 han trong nirdc
D D u n Z \'di dung djch H2SO4 dac b 170"C thu dugc anken
11.9 Hop cha't hiJu co no, da cMc X c6 cong thtic phan t u C7H12O4 Cho 0,1
m o l X lac dung vtra dii vdi 100 gam dung dich N a O H 8%, thu dugc cha't
11.10 Xa phong hoa hoan toan 17,24 gam cSriit beo cln vin dn 0,06 m o l
N a O H C6 can dung dich sau phan vcng t.ui duo'c khd'i lugng xa ph6ng la
A 17,8Cgam ri, ! 8,24 gam
C 16,68 gam D, 18,38 gam,
11.11 K h i dot chay hoan toan mot este no, dan chiJc t h l ml m o l CO2 sinh ra
bang so m o l O2 da phan ung
Ten goi ciia este la
A metyl fomat B etyl axetat
C ^-propyl axetat D metyl axetat
11.12 Xa phong hoa hoan toan 22,2 gam h6n hop gom hai este H C O O C j H , va
C H C O O C H , bang dung dich N a O H I M (dun nong)
The ti'ch dung dich N a O H tdi thi^u c^n dung la
A 300 m l B 200 m l
11.13 D u n nong 6,0 gam CH3COOH vdi 6,0 gam Q H j O H (c6 H2SO4 lam xuc
tac, hieu suat phan iJng este hoa bang 50%)
K h o i lirgng este tao thanh la
A 6,0 gam B 4,4 gam
C 8,8 gam D 5,2 gam
56
11.14 Cho 20 gam m6t este X (c6 phan ttr kh6'i la 100 dvC) tac dung vdi
300 m l dung dich N a O H I M Sau phan iing, c6 can dung dich thu dugc 23,2 gam cha't ran khan C6ng thurc ca'u tao c i a X la
A. CH2 = C H C H j C O O C H v B CH3COOCH=CHCH3
C. C2H,COOCH=CH2 D CH2=CHCOOC2H,
11.15. S6 hgp chat la d6ng phan ca'u tao, c6 ciing cong ihiic phan tij' C^lij:>^,
tac dung dugc vdi dung dich N a O H nhung kh6ng tac dung dugc vdti Na la
A 3 B 2
C 4 D 1 11.16 H6n hop X g6m hai este no, dom chiic, mach hcf D6't chay hoan toan m6t lugng X cSn dung vira du 3,976 lit k h i O j (a dktc), thu dugc 6,38 gam
CO2 Mat khac, X tac dung vdi dung dich N a O H , thu dugc m6t mu6'i va
hai ancol la ddng ddng k€ tie'p. C6ng thirc phan tix cua hai este trong X la
A C3H6O2 va C^H^Oj B C2H4O2 va C,H Oj
C. C2H4O2 va C.lkO^ D C3H4O2 va C4H,02
11.17 Xa phong hoa hoan toan 1,99 gam h6n hgp hai este bang dung dich
N a O H thu dugc 2,05 gam muO'i ciia m6t axit cacboxylic va 0,94 gam h6n hgp ancol la d6ng dang k€ li6p nhau Cong thiic ciia hai este do la
A. CH3COOC2H, va CH3COOC3H7
B. C2H5COOCH3 va C2H5COOC2H,
C. CH3COOCH3 va CH3COOC2H,
D. HCOOCH3 va H C O O Q H v
11.18 Xa phong hoa hoan loan 66,6 gam h6n hgp hai este H C O O C j H , va
CH3COOCH3 bang dung dich N a O H , thu dugc h6n hgp X g6m hai ancol
D u n nong h6n hgp X vdi H2SO4 dac a 140"C, sau k h i phan ling xay ra hoan toan thu dugc m gam nude Gia t r i ciia m la
A 4,05 B 8,10 ,
C 16,20 D 18,00 11.19 Xa phong hoa mot hgp cha't c6 c6ng thiJc phan t i i C,„H,40fi trong dung
dich N a O H (du), thu dugc glixerol va h6n hgp gom ba mu5'i (kh6ng c6
I dong phan h m h hoc). C6ng thiic ciia ba mu<!»i do la
Trang 2811.20 Thuy phan hoan toan 0,2 mol m6t este E cSn dCing vira dii 100 gam
dung dich NaOH 24%, thu dugc m6t ancol va 43,6 gam h5n hc;yp muoi
cua hai axit cacboxylic don chdrc Hai axit do la
A HCOOH va QH^COOH B HCOOH va CH.COOH
C. CH3COOH va C2H,COOH D QH,COOH va QH^COOH
11.21 D6't chay hoan toan m6t este dcm chiic, mach hcf X (phan tir c6 s6' lien
k6t 71 nho hon 3), thu ducrc thi tich khf COj bang 6/7 thi ti'ch khi Oj da
phan ling (cac the tfch khi do b cung dieu ki^n) Cho m gam X tac dung
hoan toan vdri 200 m l dung dich K O H 0,7M thu dugc dung dich Y Co
can Y thu dugc 12,88 gam chat ran khan Gia tri ciia m la
A 6,66 B 7,20
C 10,56 D 8,88
11.22 Thiiy phan este Z trong mdi tru&ng axit thu dugc hai cha't huu eg X va Y
(Mx < My) Bang m6t phan ling c6 the chuyd'n hoa X thanh Y
Chat Z khong th^ la
A metyl propionat B metyl axetat
C etyl axetat D vinyl axetat
11.23 Di trung hoa 15 gam m6t loai cha't beo c6 chi s6'axit bang 7, c^n diing
dung dich chiia a gam NaOH Gia tri ciia a la
A 0,075 B 0,280
C 0,150 D 0,200
11.24 Thuy phan chat hiru eg X trong dung dich NaOH (du), dun nong, thu
dugc san pham g6m 2 muoi va ancol etylic Cha't X la
C CH,COOCH(Cl)CH, D ClCHjCOOC^H,
12 A M I N , A M I N O A X I T , PROTEIN
12.1 Di trung hoa 25 gam dung djch cua m6t amin dgn chiic X nong d6 12,4%
c&n dung 100 ml dung dich HCi I M C6ng thiic phan tir ciia X la
C C H , N D.Cai^N
12.2 Cho cac loai hgp cha't : aminoaxit (X), mu6'i amoni ciia axit cacboxylic
(Y), amin (Z), este ciia aminoaxit (T) Day g6m cac hgp cha't d^u tac
dung dugc vdi dung dich HCI va dung dich NaOH la
A X , Y , Z, T B Y, Z, T
C X , Y, T D X , Y , Z
58
12.3 Khi d6't chay hoan to^n m6t amin don chiic X , thu dugc 8,4 lit khi CO^,
1,4 lit khf N2 (cac thd tfch khf do d dktc) va 10,125 gam HjO
C6ng thiic phan til cua X la
C.C,H,N D.C4HyN
12.4 a- aminoaxit X chiia m6t nhom - N H j - Cho 10,3 gam X tac dung vdri axit
HCI (du), thu dugc 13,95 gam mu6'i khan C6ng thiic ca'u tao thu gon
ciia X la
A H2NCH2COOH B H2NCH2CH2COOH
C CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH D CH3CH(NH2)COOH
12.5 Phat bie'u khong diing la:
A Trong dung dich, H2N-CH2 -COOH con t6n tai 0 dang ion lurong cue H 3 N ' " - C H 2 - C O O ~
B Aminoaxit la hgp cha't hfru eg tap chiic, phan tii chiia d6ng thdi nhom
amino va nhom cacboxyl
C Hgp cha't H 2 N - C H 2 -COOH3N-CH3 la este ciia glyxin (hay glixin)
D Aminoaxit la nhOng cha't ran, kit tinh, tan tfi't trong nude va c6 vi nggt
12.6 Co cac dung dich rieng biet sau:
CgHj - NH3CI (phenylamoni clorua), H2N - CH2 CH2 - CH(NH2) - COOH , CIH3N - CH2 - COOH , HOOC - CH2 - CH2 - CH(NH2) - COOH , H j N - CH2 - COONa
S6' lugng cac dung dich c6 pH < 7 1^
A 2 dung dich B 4 dung dich
C 5 dung dich D 3 dung dich
12.7 Dun nong cha't I I j N - CH2 - CONH - CH(CH3) - CONH - CH2 - COOH trong dung djch HCI (du), sau khi cac phan ling ket thiic thu dugc cac san phclm la
Trang 2912.8 Cho 8,9 gam mot hop chat huxi ccf X c6 c6ng thiic phan tir Q H y O j N phan
lifng vdi 100 ml dung djch NaOH 1,5M Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan
to^n, c6 can dung dich thu duoc 11,7 gam chat ran
C6ng thiic cau tao thu gon ciia X la
12.10 Cho cha't hull co X c6 c6ng thiJc phan tu C 2 H X O 3 N 2 tac dung vdi dung
djch NaOH, thu duoc cha't huu co don chiic Y va cac cha't v6 co
Kh6'i lugng phan tu (theo dvC) cua Y la
A 85dvC B 68dvC
C 45 dvC D 46 dvC
12.11 Cho 5,9 gam amin don chiic X tac dung viTa dii vdi dung dich HCl, sau
khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan thu duoc dung dich Y Lam bay hoi dung
dich Y duoc 9,55 gam mu6'i khan
S6' c6ng thtic ca'u tao vcng vdi c6ng thitc phan ttr cua X la
A 5 c6ng thiic B 2 cong thirc
C 3 cong thirc D 4 c6ng thiic
12.12 Trong phan ttr amino axil X co m6t nhorn amino va mot nhom
cacboxyl Cho 15,0 gam X tdc dung vira du vdi dung djch NaOH, co can
dung djch sau phan ihig thu duoc 19,4 gam muoi khan
COng thifc ciia X la
12.14 Chat X cd cdng thiic phan tit C^H^OjN va lam mat mau dung dich brom
Ten goi ciia X la
A metyl aminoaxetat B axit p-aminopropionic
C axit a-aminopropionic D amoni acrylat
12.15 Sd dipeptit tdi da cd th^ tao ra tir mot hdn hop gdm alanin va glyxin la
A 1 B.2
C 3 D.4
60
12.16 Cho hai hcrp chat hCru co X, Y cd cung cong thiic phan tiJ la C^H.NOj
Khi phan ling vdi dung djch NaOH, X tao ra H2NCH2COONa va cha't huu
CO Z; con Y tao ra CH2 = CHCOONa va khi T
Cac chat Z va T l&n lugt la
A CH,NH2 va NH, B CjHpH va Nj
C CH3OH va CH3NH2 D CH3OH va NH3 12.17 Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tac dung vira dii vdi 200 ml dung djch HCl
0,lM thu duoc 3,67 gam mudi khan Mat khac 0,02 mol X tac dung vira dii vdi 40 gam dung dich NaOH 4% Cdng thiic cua X la
A H2NC3Hs(COOH)2 B (H2N)2C3H,COOH
C H2NC2H3(COOH)2 D HjNC^H^COOH
12.18 Cho 1 mol amino axit X phan dug vdi dung dich HCl (du), thu duoc gam mudi Y Cung 1 mol amino axit X phan ling vdi dung djch NaOH
(du), thu duoc nij gam mudi Z Bie't ITIJ- m,'- 7,5
Cdng thiic phan tu ciia X la
A.C4H,o02N2 B.C4H,04N2
C Cyii.OjN D C,Hy04N 12.19 Cho 10 gam amin don chiic X phan ling hoan toan vdi HCl (du), thu duoc ' 15 gam mudi Sd dong phan ca'u tao ciia X la
A 5 B 7 C.4 D.8
12.20 Thudc thii dirge dung de phSn biet Gly-Ala-Gly vdi Gly-Ala la
A 0,50 B.0,65
12.22 Hdn hop khf X gdm dimetylamin va hai hidrocacbon ddng dang lien
tiep Dot chay hoan toan 100 ml hdn hop X bang mot lugng oxi vira du,
thu dirge 550 ml hdn hgp Y gdm khi va hoi nude Ne'u cho Y di qua dung
djch axit sunfuric dac (du) thi con lai 250 ml khi (cac the tich khi va hoi
do d cung dieu kien) Cdng thiic phan tu ciia hai hidrocacbon la
A C2H4 va C3H, B CH4 va QH,
C. C3H, va C4HS. D. C2H, va
CjHs-6 1
Trang 3012.23 Phat bieu dung la:
A Enzim amilaza xiic tac cho phan ung thuy phan xenlulozo thanh
mantozo
B Khi cho dung dich long trSng trumg v^o Cu(0H)2 tha'y xuat hien phiic
mau xanh dam
C Axit nucleic la polieste cua axil photphoric va glucozo
D Khi thiiy phan de'n ciing cac protein don gian se cho h6n hop cac
a-aminoaxit
12.24 Dipeptit mach hd X va tripeptit mach hd Y d^u dugc tao nSn tCr m6t
aminoaxit (no, mach ho, trong phan tijr chiia m6t nhom -NH2 va m6t nhom
-COOH) Dot ch&y hoan toan 0,1 mol Y, thu dirge t6ng khoi luong CO2 va
H2O bang 54,9 gam Dot chay hoan toan 0,2 mol X, san ph^m thu dugc cho
Igi tir tir qua nude voi trong du, tao ra m gam ke't tiia Gia tri ciia m la
A 120 B 60
C 30 D 45
12.25 D6t chay hoan toan 0,1 mol m6t amin no, mach hd X bang oxi viJfa du,
thu dugc 0,5 mol h6n hgp Y gdm khi va hai Cho 4,6 gam X tac dung v6i
dung dich HCl (du), s6' mol HCl phan ling la
A 0,1 B.0,4
C.0,3 D.0,2
12.26 H6n hgp X g6m alanin va axit glutamic Cho m gam X tac dung hoan
toan v6i dung dich NaOH (du), thu dugc dung dich Y chiia (m+30,8) gam
mu6'i Mat khac, neu cho m gam X tac dung hoan toan v6i dung dich HCl,
thu dugc dung dich Z chiia (m+36,5) gam mu6'i Gia tri ciia m la
A 112,2 B 165,6
C 123,8 D 171,0
12.27 Cho 2,1 gam h5n hgp X gom 2 amin no, don chu'c, ke tiep nhau trong
day d6ng dang phan ting het v6i dung dich HCl (du), thu dugc 3,925 gam
h6n hgp muoi Cong thurc ciia 2 amin trong h6n hgp X la
A C,H,NH2 va C3H7NH2. B. CH3NH2 va (CH,)3N
C C,H7NH2 va C4R;NH2. D. CH3NH2 va C2H,NH2
12.28 Dung dich nao sau day lam quy tim chuyen mau xanh?
A Phenylamoni clorua ' B Etylamin
13.2 Cho 50 ml dung dich glucozo chua ro n6ng do tac dung vdi m6t lugng du
AgNO, (hoac AgjO) trong dung djch NH, thu dugc 2,16 gam bac ket tiia Nong do mol ciia dung dich glucozo da dung la
A 0,20M B 0,10M
C.0,01M D.0,02M
13.3 Phat bieu khong dung la:
A Dung dich fructozo hoa tan dugc Cu(OH)2
B Dung dich mantoza tac dung v6i Cu(0H)2 khi dun nong cho ket tua CUjO
C Thiiy phan (xiic tac H"^ ,t") saccarozo cung nhu mantozo d^u cho ciing
mot monosaccarit
D San pham thuy phan xenlulozo (xiic tac H"^ ,t") c6 the' tham gia phan
utig trang guong
13.4 Cho m gam tinh b6t len men thanh ancoi etylic v6i hieu sua't 81% Toan
bg lugng CO2 sinh ra dugc hap thu hoan toan vao dung dich Ca(0H)2, thu dugc 550 gam ket tua va dung dich X Dun ki dung dich X thu thSm dugc
100 gam ket tiia Gia tri cua m la
A 550 B 810
C 650 D 750
13.5 De chiing minh trong phan tit cua glucozo c6 nhieu nhom hidroxyl, ngucri
ta cho dung dich glucozo phan irng v6i
A kim loai Na
B AgNOj (hoac AgjO) trong dung dich NH3 dun nong
C Cu(0H)2 trong NaOH, dun nong
D Cu(0H)2 CI nhiet do thuong
13.6 Tinh bgt, xenlulozo, saccarozo, mantozo deu c6 kha nang tham gia phan
iJng:
A thiiy phan c B trang bac
C triing ngung D hoa tan Cu(OH)2
13.7 Khoi lugng cua tinh b6t c^n dung trong qua trinh len men de' tao thanh 5
lit rugu etylic 46" la (biet hieu sua't cua ca qua trinh la 72% va khoi lugng rieng ciia rugu etylic nguyen cha't la 0,8g/ml):
A 5,4 kg B 5,0 kg
Trang 3113.8 Th^ tich dung dich HNO, 67,5% (kh6'i luomg rieng la 1,5 g/ml) c^n dung
d^ tac dung voi xenluloza tao lhanh 89,1 kg xenlulozcr trinitrat la (biet
lucmg HNO3 bi hao hut la 20%):
A 55 lit B 81 lit
C 49 lit D 70 lit
13.9 Tir 16,20 ta'n xenlulozo ngudi ta san xua't dugc m tan xenlulozo trinitrai
(biet hieu sua't phan ling tinh theo xenluloza la 90%)
Gia tri cua m la
A 33,00 B 29,70
C 25,46 D 26,73
13.10 Cho day cac cha't: glucozo, xenlulozo, saccaroza, tinh b6t, mantozo
S6' chat trong day tham gia phan ung trang la
A 3 B.4
C 2 D 5
13.11 The tich cua dung dich axit nitric 63% (D = 1,4 g/ml) can vCra du d^ san
xuat dirge 59,4 kg xenlulozo trinitrat (hieu sua't 80%) la
A 42,34 lit B 42,86 lit
C 34,29 lit D 53,57 lit
13.12 Cho m6t s6' tinh chat: c6 dang sgi (1); tan trong nu6c (2); tan trong nirdc
Svayde (3); phan ung vofi axit nitric dac (xuc tac axit sunfuric dac ) (4;
tham gia phan (tag trang bac (5); bi thuy phan trong dung dich axit duh
nong (6) Cac tmh chat ciia xenlulozo la
A (3), (4), (5) va (6) B (1), (3), (4) va (6)
C (1), (2), (3), vh (4) D (2), (3), (4) va (5)
13.13 Len men m gam glucozo vdi h\tu sua't 90%, lucmg khi CO2 sinh ra haj
thu het vao dung dich nude voi trong, thu dugc 10 gam ket tiia Kh6
lugng dung dich sau phan I'mg giam 3,4 gam so vdfi khci'i lugng dung dici
nude v6i trong ban dSu Gia tri ciia m la
, A 13,5 B.20,0
C 15,0 D 30,0
13.14 Thuy phan hoan toan 3,42 gam saccarozo trong m6i trucmg axit, thi'
dugc dung dich X Cho toan bg dung dich X phan ung het v&i lugng du
dung dich AgNO, trong NH,, dun nong, thu dugc m gam Ag
Gia tri cua m la
A 2,16 ' B 43,20,
C 21,60 D.4,32
13.15 Thuy phan hoan toan tinh b6t trong dung dich axit vo ca loang, ihu dugc
chat hiru ca X Cho X phan ling v6i khi (xuc tac Ni, t"), thu dugc cha't
hiiu CO Y Cac chat X, Y iSn lugt la
A glucozo, fructoza B glucozo, etanol
C glucozo, saccaroza D glucozo, sobitoL
14 POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME
14.1 Polivinyl axetat (hoSc poli(vinyl axetat)) la polime dugc dieu a\6 bang
phan ung trung hgp
A C2H5COO - CH = CH2. B CH2 = CH - COO - C2H5
C CH3 - COO - CH = CH2 D CH2 = CH - COO - CH3
14.2 Trong s6' cac loai ta sau : to tSm, to visco, to nilon-6,6, to axetat, to
capron, to enang, nhiing to nao thu6c loai to nhan tao?
A To tarn va to enang B Ta nilon-6,6 va ta capron
C To visco va to nilon-6,6 D To visco va to axetat
14.3 Day g6m cac cha't dugc dung de tdng hgp cao su Buna-S la
14.5 Khg'i lugng m6t doan mach to nilon-6,6 la 27346 dvC va cua m6t doan 10
capron la 17176 dvC S6' lugng mat xich trong doan mach nilon-6,6 va
capron neu trfin Mn lugt la
A 121 va 114 B 121val52
C 113val52 D 113vall4
14.6 Cho so d6 chuyen hoa:
C H 4 - > C2H2-> C2H3CI ^ PVC
De tdng hgp 250kg PVC theo so d6 tren thl cin Vm' khi thien nhien (or
dktc) Gia tri ciia V la (biet CH4 chiem 80% the tich khi thien nhien va
hieu sua't ciia ca qua trinh la 50%):
.A 224,0 B 286,7
C 358,4 D 448,0
6 5
Trang 3214.7 Polime c6 cau triic mang khong gian (mang lu6i) la
14.9 Day gom cac chat ciSu co kha nang tham gia phan ung trung hop la
A stiren; c'nbp'-/,en: isopren; b u t - l - e n
B 1,1,2,2-terafloeten; propilen; stiren; vinyl clorua
C 1,2-diclopropan; vinylaxetilen; vinylbenzen; toluen
D buta-1,3- dien; cumen; etilen; trans- but- 2 - en
14.10 Phat bieu nao sau day la dung?
A TrCing ngung buta- 1,3- dien vdi acrilonitrin co xuc tac Na dugc cao
su buna- N
B To visco la to t6ng hgp
C Poli(etylen terephtalat) dugc d'liu che bang phan ving trung ngung cac
monome tuong ung
D Trung hgp stiren thu dugc poli(phenol- fomandehit)
14.11 Poli(metyl metacrylat) va nilon- 6 dugc tao thanh tur cac monome tuong
14.13 Cac chat deu khong bi thuy phan trong dung djch H 2 S O 4 loang nong la
A to capron; nilon-6,6; polietilen
B poli(vinyI axetat); polietilen; cao su buna
C nilon-6,6; poli(etylen-terephtalat); polistiren
D polietilen; cao su buna; polistiren
14.14 Polime nao sau day dugc long hgp bang phan ung trung ngimg?
A Poliacrilonitrin B Poli(metyl metacrylat)
C Polistiren D Poli(etylen tereplitalat)
15 TONG HOP NOT D U N G CAC K I E N THUC HOA H U U THUOC CHUONG T R I N H P H 6 THONG
15.1 Hgp cha't X CO c6ng thtrc phan tu triing vdi cong thirc don gian r v C r a
tac dung vgi axit vira tac dung vdi kiem trong d i l u kien thich hgp Trong phan tir X , thanh phan phan tram khd'i lugng ciia cac nguyfin to C, H, N Ian lugt bang 40,449% ; 7,865% va 15,73% ; con lai la oxi Khi cho 4,45 gam X phan irng hoan toan vdi mot lugng vira dii dung dich NaOH (dun nong) thu dugc 4,85 gam muoi khan
Cong thitc ca'u tao thu ggn ciia X la
A C H 2 = CHCOONH4 B H 2 N C O O - C H 2 C H 3
C H2NCH2COO - CH3 D H 2 N C 2 H 4 C O O H
15.2 Cho cac chat sau : phenol, etanol, axit axetic, natri phenolat, natri
hidroxit So cap chat tac dung dugc vdi nhau la
A 4 B 3
C 2 D 1
15.3 K h i dot chay hoan toan 4,4 gam chat hiJu co X don chiic thu dugc san
pham chay chi g6m 4,48 lit CO2 (d dktc) va 3,6 gam nude Neu cho 4,4 gam hgp chat X tac dung vdi dung dich NaOH vira du den khi phan aiig hoan toan, thu dugc 4,8 gam muoi cua axit hiru co Y va chat huu co Z Ten ciia X la
A etyl propionat B metyl propionat
C isopropyl axetat D etyl axetat
15.4 Cho chat X tac dung vdi lugng vira dii dung dich NaOH, sau do co can
dung dich thu dugc chat ran Y va chat hun co Z Cho Z tac dung vf-'
A g N O , (hoae Ag20) trong dung djch NH3, thu dugc chat huu co T < chat T tac dung vdi dung dich NaOH lai thu dugc Y Chat X co the'
A HCOOCH = CH2 B CH3COOCH = CH2
C HCOOCH3 D CH3COOCH = C H - C H 3
15.5 So hgp cha't don chiic, ddng phan ca'u tao cua nhau cd cung cong thiic
phan tijr C 4 H X O 2 , deu tac dung dugc vdi dung dich NaOH la
A 5 B 3
C 6 D 4
A7
Trang 3315.6 Hgfp ch|t huu c a X (phan tur c6 vong benzen) c6 c6ng thiJc phan tic la
C^H^Oj, tac dung duac vdi N a va vori N a O H Biet rang k h i cho X tac dung
vdi N a du, s6' m o l H2 bang s6' mo] X tham gia phan ling va X chi tac dung
duac yofi N a O H theo t i le so m o l 1 : 1
C6ng thi'rc ca'u tac thu gon cua X la
A C 6 H 5 C B ( O H ) 2 B HOC6H4CH2OH
C CH3C6H3(OH)2 D C H 3 O C 6 H 4 O H
15.7 K h i cho ankan X (trong phan t u c6 phSn tram kh6'i luang cacbon bang
83,72%) tac dung vdi clo theo t i It s6' m o l 1 : 1 (trong dieu kien chie'u
sang) chi thu dirge 2 dSn xua't monoclo d6ng phan cua nhau
T&n ciV^ y Ifi
A 2-metylpropan B 2,3-dimetylbutan
C.butan D 3-metylpentan
15.8 Cho h6n hop hai anken dong dang ke' tie'p nhau tac dung vdi nu6c
( C O H2SO4 lam xiic tac) thu dugc h6n hop Z g6m hai ancol X va Y D6't
chay hoan toan 1,06 gam h6n hop Z sau do ha'p thy toan bo san pham
chay vao 2 l i t dung dich N a O H 0,1M thu dugc dung dich T trong do cd
nong do N a O H bang 0,05M Cong thiic cau tao thu g g n cua X va Y la
(Cho the ti'ch dung dich thay doi khdng dang ke)
A C2H5OH va C3H7OH B C3H7OH va C 4 H 9 O H
C C2H5OH va C4H9OH D C4H9OH va C 5 H , , O H
15.9 Cho cac chat : etyl axetat, anilin, ancol etylic, axit acrylic, phenol,
phenyiamoni clorua, ancol benzylic, p-crezol Trong cac chat nay, s6' cha't
tac dung vdi dung dich N a O H la
A 5 B 4
C 3 D 6
15.10 K h i dc* 0 1 m c l mdt cha't X (dan xua't cua benzen), khd'i lugng CO2 thu
dugc nho han 35,2 gam Bi6't rang, 1 m o l X chi tac dung dirge vdri 1 m o l
N a O H Cong thirc cau tao thu ggn ciia X la
A C2H<iC6-H40H B C6H4(OH)2
C HOC6H4CH2O H D H O C H 2 C 6 H 4 C O O H
15.11 Cho tat ca cac dong phan doti chiJc, mach ha c6 ciing c6ng thiic phan tir
C2H4O2 Ian lugt tac dung v d i : Na, N a O H , NaHCO,
S6' phan ung xay ra la
A 4 B 3
C 2 D 5
15.12 Trong m6t binh k i n chiJa hai cha't hOu ca X (c6 dang C „ H 2 „ 0 2 ) mach h a
va O 2 (s6'mol O j ga'p d6i cin cho phan ung chay) a I39,9'C, ap sua't trong
binh la 0,8 atm D5't chay hoan toan X sau do dua v6 nhiet d d ban diu, ap
sua't trong binh luc nay la 0,95 atm X co c6ng t h f c phan tu' la
15.14 Cac d6ng phan ung vdi cong thiic phan tCr CxH,oO (ds!u la dSn xua't cua
benzen) c6 tmh cha't : tach nu6c thu dugc san pha'm c6 the trting hgp tao
polime, khdng tac dung dugc vori N a O H S6' lugng d6ng phan ung vdi
cong thirc phan tir CKHKJO , thoa man tinh cha't trfin la
A 1 B 4
C 2 D 3 15.15 M e n h d^ khong dung la:
A C H 3 C H 2 C O O C H = CH2 cung day d6ng dang v6i CH2 = CHCOOCH3 •
B C H 3 C H 2 C O O C H = CH2 tac dung vdi dung dich N a O H thu dugc andehit
va mu6'i
C C H 3 C H 2 C O O C H = CH2 tac dung dugc vdi dung dich BTJ
D C H 3 C H 2 C O O C H = CH2 CO the' trung hgp tao polime
15.16 Mat hidrocacbon X c6ng hgp vdi axit HCl theo t i le mol 1: 1 tao san ph^m
cd thanh phSn khdi lugng d o la 45,223% Cdng thiic phan tijf cua X la
A C3H6 B C3H4
C C2H4 D C4H8
15.17 Cho so d6: C^H^ (benzen) ^^un ic m i +NaOH j a c (du^^y ^ 7
Fc, t " cao, p cao
Hai chat huu c a Y , Z lAn lugt la
A CfjH6(OH)6, CgHeQe B C6H^(OU\
C C6H3OH , CgH^Cl D CeHsONa , C g i l s O H
15.18 Phat bieu khong diing la :
A A x i t axetic phan ung vdi dung dich N a O H , la'y dung dich mud'i vijra tao
ra cho tac dung vdi k h i CO2 lai thu dugc axit axetic
69
Trang 34!•; Phenol phan img vdfi dung dich NaOH, la'y mud'i vira tao ra cho tac
dung vofi dung dich HCl lai thu dugc phenol
C Anilin phan ilng vdi dung djch HCl, My mu6'i vira tao ra cho lac dung
vorj dung dich NaOH lai thu duoc anilin
J) Dung dich natri phenolal phan iimg vcri CO2, la'y ke't tiia vira tao ra cho
lac dung \'ai dung die'; NaOH lai thu dugc natri phenolat
15.19 C;ho h6n hop X gom hai chat hifu ca c6 cung c6ng thirc phan tir
CiHvNO; tac dung vua dii vcJi dung dich NaOH va dun nong, thu dugc
dung dich Y va 4,48 l i t h6n hop Z (a dktc) g6m hai khf (d^u lam xanh
giay quy ain) T i khoi hoi ciia Z d6'i voi H j bang 13,75 C6 can dung
dich Y thu dugc khoi lugng mu6'i khan la
A CH3CHO , HCOOH B HCOONa ,CH3CH0
C HCHO , C H 3 C H O D IICHO , HCOOH
15.22 Khi phan tfch lhanh pMn mot ancol don chirc X thi thu dugc kS't qua:
tdng khoi lugng cua cacbon va hidro gS'p 3,625 Mn khO'i lugng oxi S6'
d6ng phan ancol ling vdi cong thiic phan tir cua X la
A 2 d6ng phan B 3 dong phan
C 4 dong phan D 1 d6ng phan
15.23. H6n hop X c6 ti khoi so vdfi H2 la 21,2 gom propan, propen va propin
K h i dot chay hoan loan 0,1 mol X , t6ng khoi lugng cua CO2 va H2O thu
dugc la
A 20,40 gam B r8,96 gam
C. 16,80 gam. D 18,60 gam
70
15.24 Phat bieu dung la
A Phan ting thuy phan este trong moi trucmg axit la phan ung thuan nghich
B Phan ling giua axit va ancol khi c6 H 2 S O 4 dac la ph^n img mot chi^u
C Tat ca cac este phan I'mg vdri dung dich kiim lu6n thu dugc san phim
cud'i Cling la mu6'i va ancol
D K h i thijy phan chat beo lu6n thu dugc C2H4(OH)2
15.25 Cho 3,6 gam andehit don chile X phan ung hoan toan vdi lugng du
A g N O , trong dung dich NH3 dun nong, thu dugc m gam Ag Hoa tan hoan toan m gam A g bang dung djch HNO3 dac, sinh ra 2,24 lit NOj (san
ph^m khijr duy nha't, b dktc)
C6ng thilc ciia X la:
A CH^CHO B C4H9CHO
C.HCHO D.QH.CHO
15.26 Trung hoa 5,48 gam h6n hgp g6m axit axetic, phenol va axit benzoic,
can diing 600 ml dung dich NaOH 0 , l M Co can dung dich sau phan iJng,
thu dugc h6n hgp cha't ran khan c6 kho'i lugng:
A 4,90 gam B 6,84 gam
15.27 Phat bieu dung la:
A Cac cha't etilen, toluen va stiren deu tham gia phan ung triing hgp
B Luc bazo ciia anilin manh hon ciia amoniac
C Cao su thien nhien la san ph^m trdng hgp cua isopren
D Luc axit ciia phenol yfi'u hon ciia ancol
15.28 S6' d6ng phan hidrocacbon thorn ung v6i cong thilc phan tir CgHjo la
A 4 dong phan B 3 d6ng phan
C 2 d6ng phan D 5 d6ng phan
15.29 Cho glixerin trioleat (hay triolein) Ian lugt vao m6i 6'ng nghiem chira rieng biet: Na, Cu(0H)2, CH3OH, dung dich Br2, dung dich NaOH
Trong dieu kien thich hgp, so phan ung xay ra la
A 4 phan ung B 2 phan ung
C 3 phan ung f D 5 phai, urhy
15.30 K h i crackinh hoan toan mot the tfch ankan X thu dugc ba the tfch h6n hgp Y (cac the' tfch do d ciing dieu kien nhiet d6 va ap sua't); ti khoi cua Y
so vdi H2 bang 12 C6ng thirc phan tii ciia X la
A C 5 H , 2 B C 3 H 8
•C- C4H10 D C6H14
71
Trang 3515.32 Cho cac chat: rugu (ancol) etyUc, gUxerin (giixerol), glucozo, dimetyl
ete va axit fomic S6' chat tac dung dugc vdi Cu(0H)2 la
A.l B.3
C.4 D.2
15.33 Oxi hc5a 1,2 gam CH3OH bang CuO nung nong, sau m6t thcfi gian thu
duoc h6nhopsanph^mX (g6m HCHO, H^O vaCH.,OHdu) Chotoanbo
X tac dung \di luong du AgaO (hoac AgNO;,) trong dung dich NH3, dugc
12,96 gam Ag
Hieu suat cua phan ling oxi hoa CH3OH
A 76,6% B 80,0%
C 65,5% D 70,4%
15.34 Anh hirdng cua nhom -OH de'n g6c CgHs trong phan tut phenol thi
hien qua phan \xng giira phenol vdi
A dung dich NaOH B.Nakimloai
Cnudc Brj D H2 (Ni, nung nong)
15.35 Cho day cac chat: C2H2, HCHO, HCOOH, CH3CHO, (CH3)2CO,
C12H22O11 (mantozo)
S6' chat trong day tham gia dugc phan ilng trang bac la
' A 3 chat B 6 cha't
C 5 chat D 4 cha't
15.36 Cho day cac chat: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CH-C00H,
C6H5NH2(anilin), C6H5OH (phenol), CgHgCbenzen)
S6' chat trong day phan ling dugc vdi nude brom la
15.38 Chat hiru co X c6 c6ng thiJc phan tur C4H5O4 tac dung vdi dung dich
NaOH (dun nong) theo phuong trinh phan ling:
C4H6O4 + 2NaOH ^ 2Z + Y oxi hoa hd't a mol Y thi can vCra du 2a mol CuO (dun nong), sau phan ling tao thanh a mol cha't T (bid't Y, Z, T la cac hop cha't huu co)
Kh6'i lugng phan tur cua T la
A m6t este va mot ancol B m6t axit va m6t este
C m6t axit va mdt ancol D hai este
15.40 Cho cac chat sau:
C H 3 C H 2 - CHO (1); C H 2 = CH - CHO (2); ( C H 3 )2 CH - CHO (3);
15.42 D6't chay hoan toan 20,0 ml h6n hgj) X g6m C^H^,, CH4, CO (the tich
CO ga'p hai Mn the' tich CH4), thu dugc 24,0 ml CO2 (cac the tich khi do 6 cung dieu kien nhiet d6 va ap sua't)
Ti khd'i cua X so vdi khi hidro la
A 25,8 B 12,9
G 22,2 D 11,1
73
Trang 3615.43 Cho day cac chat:
SO' chat trong day tham gia phan ihig trang bac la
C.4 D.5
15.44 Cho day cac chat:
C3H7NH2. S6' chat trong day tac dung duoc vori dung dich HCl la
C 3 D 5
15.45 De khir hoan toan 200 ml dung dich KMn04 0,2M tao thanh chat ran
mau nau den cSn V lit khi C 2 H 4 (d dktc) Gia tn t6'i thieu cua V 1^
A 2,240 B 2,688
C 4,480 D 1,344
15.46 Phat bieu nao sau day sai?
A Nhiet do s6i cua este thafp hon hfin so vdri ancol c6 cung phan tir khd 'i
B. Trong c6ng nghiep c6 the chuyfi'n hoa chat beo long thanh cha 't beo
ran
C S6' nguyen tii hidro trong phan tir este don va da chirc lu6n la m6t so
chan
D San ph^m cua phan ling xa phong hoa cha't beo la axit beo va glixerol
15.47 Day g6m cac cha 't c6 ihi dieu ch6 true tiep (bang m6t phan ung) tao ra
axit axetic la
A CH,CHO, C2H ,0H, C2H5COOCH3
B CH3CHO, Q H i P , (glucozo), CH3OH
C CH,OH, C2H ,0H, CH3CHO
D C^U^iOH)^, CH3OH, CH3CHO
15.48 Cho cac chat HCl (X); C^H^OH (Y); CH.COOH (Z); Q H , O H (phenol)
(T) Day gom cac chat dugc sap x6'p theo luc axit tang dan (tCr trai sang
phai) la
C. (Y), (T), (Z), (X) D. (Y), (T), (X), (Z)
15.49 Cho cac chat: xiclobutan, 2-metylpropen, but-l-en, cis- but- 2- en
2- metylbut- 2- en Day g6m cac cha 't sau khi phan ting vdri H2 (du, xuc
tac Ni, t"), cho cung mot san pham la
A xiclobutan, cis- but- 2- en va but- 1- en
B but- 1- en, 2- metylpropen va cis- but- 2- en
74
C xiclobutan, 2- metylbut- 2- en va but- 1- en
D 2- metylpropen, cis- but- 2- en va xiclobutan
j5 50. Cho m gam hOn hop g6m hai chat huxi co don chirc, mach hd tac dung
v6i dung djch chtra 11,2 gam KOH, thu duoc muO'i ciia m6t axit cacboxylic va mot ancol X Cho toan bO X tac dung hfi't vdi Na thu duoc
3, 36 lit khi H2 (dktc) Hai cha't hiru co do la
A m6t este va mCt axit B hai axit
C hai este D m6t este va mdt ancol
15.51 Khi cho a mol mot hop cha't hiai co X (chira C, H, O) phan ung hoan toan v6i Na hoac vdi NaHCO, thi d6u sinh ra a mol khi Cha't X la
A ancol o- hidroxibenzylic B axit adipic
C axit 3- hidroxipropanoic D etylen glicol 15.52 Cho cac hop chat sau:
(a) HOCH2- CH2OH (b) HOCH2- CH2-CH2OH (c) HOCH2 - CH(OH)- CH2OH (d) CH3- CH(OH)- CH2OH
Cac chat deu tac dung vori Na, Cu(0H)2 la
A (a), (c), (d) B (c), (d), (f)
C (a), (b), (c) D (c), (d), (e) 15.53 Dot chay hoan toan mot hop cha 't hiJu co X, thu diroc 0,351 gam HjO va 0,4368 1ft khi CO2 (c dktc) Bie 't X co phan utig \6i Cu(0H)2 trong m6i trucfng kiem khi dun nong Cha't X la
C CH^COCH, D 0= CH= CH= O 15.54 Cho X la hop ch^t thom; a mol X phan ung vto het vdri a lit dung dich NaOH IM Mat khac, neu cho a mol X phan ung vdi Na (du) thi sau phan ling thu dugc 22,4a lit khi H, (cf dktc)
C6ng thiic ca 'u tao thu gon cua X la
A HO-CH2-Q,H4-OH B HO-CfiH4-C00CH,
C H0-C,H4-COOH D CH3-C6H3(OH)2
15.55 Day gOm cac cha 't dugc sdp xe 'p theo chi^u tang dan nhia d6 s6i tijr trai sang phai la
A CH.COOH, HCOOH, C^Hfihl CH,CHO
B. HCOOH, CH,COOH, C2H ,0H, CH,CHO
C. CH3COOH, C2H ,OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO
D. CH3CHO, QH.OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH
75
Trang 371 5 5 6 Hai hop chat huu co X va Y la d6ng dang k€ tie'p, d^u tac dung vdri Na va
CO phan umg trang bac Biet phfin tram khoi luong oxi trong X , Y iSn lugt
la 53,3y% va 43,24% C6ng thirc ca'u tao ciia X va Y tirong utig la
A H O- C H 2 - C H 2 - C H O va H O - C H 2 - C H 2 - C H 2 - C H O
B H O- C H 2 - C H O va H O - C H 2 - C H 2 - C H O
C. H C O O C H 3 va H C O O C H 2 - C H ,
D H O - C H (CH3)-CHO va HOOC-CH2-CHO
1 5 5 7 Hop chat huu co X tac dung dupe vdi dung djch NaOH dun nong va v6;
dung dich A g N O , trong N H , The tich cua 3,7 gam hoi chat X bang thi
tich cua 1,6 gam khi O2 (cung dieu kitn ve nhidt d6 va ap sua't) Khi dot
chay hoan toan 1 gam X thi the tich khi C O 2 thu dupe vucrt qua 0,7 lit (a
dktc) C6ng thirc ca'u tao cua X la
A H C O O C 2 H , B.O = C H - C H 2 - C H 2 0 H
C CH,COOCH, D HOOC-CHO
1 5 5 8 Cho h6n hpp X g6m hai hop cha't hiJu co no, don chiJc tac dung vijra du
vdri 100 m l dung dich K O H 0,4M thu dupe mOt mud'i va 336 m l hoi mo
ancol (or dktc) Ne'u dd't chay hoan toan lupng h5n hpp X tren, sau do hap
thu het san phdm chay vao binh dung dung dich C a(0H)2 (du) thi khoi
lupng binh tang 6,82 gam
C6ng thiic CLia hai hpp cha't huu co trong X la
A. C H 3 C O O H va C H 3 C O O C 2 H , B. C 2 H 5 C O O H va CjHsCOOCH,
C HCOOH va H C O O C 3 H 7 D HCOOH va HCOOCjH,
1 5 5 9 Hpp cha't hiJu co X tac dung vdi dung dich NaOH v^ dung dich broni
nhung khong tac dung vdi dung dich NaHCO, Ten gpi ciia X la
A axit acrylic B anilin
C nietyl axetat D phenol
15.60. M6t hpp cha't X chura ba nguyfin t6' C, H , O co ti le kh6'i lupng mc: m H : m,
= 2 1 : 2 : 4 Hpp cha't X co c6ng thiic don gian nha't trung vdi c6ng thiR
phan tijr So d6ng phan ca'u tao thupc loai hpp cha't thorn iJng vdi cong thiii
;.62 Co ba dung dich: amoni hidrocacbonat, natri aluminat, natri phenolat va
ba chat long: ancol etylic, benzen, anilin dung trong sau 6'ng nghiem rieng biet Ne'u chi diing mot thu6'c thir duy nha't la dung dich HCl thi nhan biet dupe toi da bao nhieu 6'ng nghiem?
A 5 C.3
15.63. Cho so d6 chuye'n hoa:
15.67. Hpp cha't huu co mach hd X cd c6ng thiic phan ttr C ^ H K A - Thuy phan
X tao ra hai ancol don chiic cd s6' nguyen tu cacbon trong phan tir ga'p ddi
nhau C6ng thiic cua X la
A C H 3 O C O - C H 2 - C O O C 2 H , B C 2 H , O C O - C O O C H 3
C. C H 3 O C O - C O O C 3 H 7 ' D CH30CO-CH2-€H2-<X)OC2H,
15.68 H 6 n hpp X gdm axit panmitic, axit stearic va axit linoleic De trung hoa
m gam X c^n 40 m l dung dich NaOH 1M Mat khac, neu dot chay hoan toan m gam X thi thu dupe 15,232 lit khi C O 2 (dktc) va 11,7 gam H2O Sd'
mol cLia axit linoleic trong m gam hdn hpp X la
A 0,015 B 0,010
C 0*020 D 0,005
Trang 3815.69 Hai hop chat hCru ccf X va Y c6 cung cong thiic phan t u la Q H y N O j , d^u
la chat ran a dieu kien thucrng Chat X phan limg vdi dung dich N a O H ,
giai phong k h i Cha't Y c6 phan ling trung ngung
Cac chat X va Y Ian lirat la
A vinylamoni fomat va amoni acrylat
B amoni acrylat va axit 2-aminopropionic
C axit 2-aminopropionic va amoni acrylat
D axit 2-aminopropionic va axit 3-aminopropionic
15.70 Day gom cac cha't deu tac dung vdri H2 (xiic tac N i , t"), tao ra san phivn
CO kha nang phan ung vdl N a la
A. C2H3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, Q H C O O H
B C2H ,CHO, CH^COOQH^, C,H,COOH
C. C2H3CH2OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH
D C H, O C 2 H „ CH,CHO, C^H^COOH
15.71 ' l o n g so hgrp cMt huu ca no, dcfn chirc, mach hd, c6 cung c6ng thii
phan t u C,H',„02 phan img d\xgc voi dung dich N a O H nhimg khdng c6
phan tJng trang bac la
Cac chat X , Y , Z Ian lucft la
A benzen; xiclohexan; amoniac
B axetandehit; ancoi etylic; buta-l,3-dien
C vinylaxetilen; buta-l,3-dien; stiren
D vinylaxetilen; buta-1.3-dien; acrilonitrin
15.73 Trong cac cha't: xiclopropan, benzen, stiren, metyl acrylat, v i n y l axeta:
dimetyl ete, s6 chat c6 kha nang lam ma't mau nude brom la
A 5 B 4
C.6 D 3
15.74 Uhg v 6 i cong thtic phan tir C2H7O2N c6 bao nhieu cha't vira phan One
ducfc vcfi dung dich N a O H , vira phan ung ducfc vdi dung dich HCl?
15.75 Uhg vdi cong thiic phan t u C^Ufi c6 bao nhieu hgfp cha't mach ha bei'
khi tac dung vdfi khi H2 (xtic tac N i , t") sinh ra ancol?
6.1 Tron 100 m l dung dich (gom Ba(OH)2 0,1M va N a O H 0,1M) vdi 400 m l
dung dich (gom H2SO4 0,0375M va HCl 0,0125M), thu dugc dung dich
X Gia tri p H cua dung dich X la
16.2 Cho 4 phan ling :
(1) Fe + 2HC1 FeClj -i- H2 (2) 2NaOH+ (NH4)2S04 -> Na2S04 +2NH3 +2H2O (3) BaCl2 + Na2C03 - > BaCO, + 2NaCl
(4) 2NH3 + 2 H 2 O + FeS04 -> Fe(OH)2 + (NH4)2S04 Cac phan img thuoc loai phan ung axit - baza la
A. (2), (4) B (3), (4)
16.3 Nho tijr ti^ cho de'n d u dung dich N a O H vao dung dich AICI3 Hien tugng
xay ra la
A CO ket tua keo trSng, sau do ket tua tan
B chi CO ket tua keo trang
C CO ket tija keo trang va c6 khi bay len
D khong CO ke't tua, c6 k h i bay len
16.4 Cho can bang (trong binh kin) sau:
C O ( k) - ^ H 2 0 ( k ) < = = ± C 0 2 ( k ) - f - H 2 ( k ) A H < 0 Trong cac yg'u to: (1) tang nhia d6; (2) them m6t lugng hai nude; (3) them mfit lugng H j ; (4) tang ap suat chung cua he; (5) dung chat xiic tac
Day gom cac yeu to deu lam thay ddi can bang cua he la
A ( l ) , ( 4 ) , ( 5 ) B ( l ) , ( 2 ) , ( 3 )
C ( 2 ) , ( 3 ) , ( 4 ) D ( l ) , ( 2 ) , ( 4 )
16.5 Cho 100 m l dung dich K O H 1,5M vao 200 m l dung dich H3PO4 0,3M,
thu dugc dung dich X Co can dung dich X , thu duac h6n hop gom cac chat la
A K 3 P 0 4 v a K O H B. KH2PO4 va K2HPO4
C. KH2PO4 va K3PO4 D KH2PO4 va K3PO4
Trang 3916.6. Day cacFkim loai deu c6 th^ di^u ch6 bang phucmg phap diSn phan dung
dich mu6'i cua chiing la
A Mg, Zn, Cu B Al, Fe, Cr
C.Fe,Cu,Ag D.Ba,Ag,Au
16.7 Cho can bang sau trong binh kin:
2N02(k) N204(k)
(mau nau do) (kh6ng m^u)
Biet khi ha nhiet do cua binh thi mau nau do nhat dSn Phan ling thuan c6
A AH < 0, phan ling toa nhiet B AH < 0, phan ling thu nhiet
C AH > 0, phan dug toa nhiet D AH > 0, phan umg thu nhiet
16.8 Nho tCr tir tCmg giot den he't 30 ml dung dich HCl IM vao 100 ml dung
dich chita NajCO, 0,2M va NaHCO, 0,2M, sau phan umg thu dugc so mo!
C02la
A 0,015 B 0,010
C 0,020 D 0,030
16.9 Dung dich X chiia cac ion: Ca^^ Na^ HCO," va CI, trong do s6 mol cua
ion cr la 0,1 Cho 1/2 dung dich X phan ling v6i dung dich NaOH (dir)
thu dugc 2 gam ket tila Cho 1/2 dung dich X con lai phan ling v6i dung
dich Ca(OH)2 (du), thu dugc 3 gam ket tua Mat khac, neu dun s6i de'n
can dung dich X thi thu dugc m gam chat ran khan Gia tri ciia m la
A 9,21 B.9,26
C.8,79 D.7,47
16.10 Cho phan iJng: Br^ + HCOOH -> 2HBr + CO2
N6ng do ban d^u cua Br2 la a molAit, sau 50 giay n6ng d6 Br2 c6n lai la
0,01 mol/lit T6'c do trung bmh cua phan ung tren tinh theo Br2 la 4.10
mol/(/.A) Gia tri cua a la
A 0,018 B 0,014
C 0,012 D 0,016
17 ANDEHIT, XETON, AXIT CACBOXYLIC
17.1 Khi oxi hoa hoan toan 2,2 gam m6t andehit don chiic thu dugc 3 gam axit
tuong ling C6ng thiic cua andehit la
A C2H3CHO B C H 3 C H O
C. C 2 H 3 C H O D HCHO
17.2 Thuy phan este c6 c6ng thiic phan tir C4HSO2 (vdi xiic tac axit), tiiu dugc
2 san ph^m huu co X va Y Tir X dieu ch6' true tie'p ra Y
Vay chat X la
A axit fomic B etyl axetat
C ancol metylic D ancol etylic
17.3 Day gom cac cha't d^u tac dung vdi AgNOs (hoac A g 2 0 ) trotig dung dich NH3 la
A andehit axetic, butin- 1, etilen
B andehit axetic, axetilen, butin- 2
C axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin
D andehit fomic, axetilen, etilen
17.4 Qua trinh nao sau day khong tao ra andehit axetic?
A CH2 = CH2 + H2O (t°,xiictacHgS04)
B CH2 = CH2 + O2 (t°, xiic tac)
C CH3 -COOCH = CH2 +dung dich NaOH (t°)
D CH3-CH20H + CuO(t°) V 17.5 Hidro hoa hoan toan m gam h6n hgp X g6m hai andehit no, don chiJc, mach hof, ke tie'p nhau trong day dong dang thu dugc (m+1) gam h6n hgp ancol Mat khac, khi dd't chay hoan toan cung m gam X thi can vura du
17,92 lit khi O2 (d dktc) Gia tri cua m la
A HCOOH, CH3COOH B HCOOH, HOOC-COOH
C HCOOH, QH^COOH D HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-C >H 17.7 Cho cac hgp chat hihi co: C2H2; C2H4; CH2O; CH2O2 (mach hd); C,H402 (mach hor, don chiic) Biet C3H4O2 khdng lam chuydn mau gia'y quy tim ^m
So chat tac dung dugc vdi dung dich AgNO, trong NH3 tao ra ket tila la
C.-3 D 5
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