Cẩm nang hướng dẫn ôn luyện thi Đại học - Rèn luyện giải nhanh các đề thi ba miền Bắc - Trung - Nam Hóa học: Phần 2

Nối tiếp nội dung phần 1 tài liệu Cẩm nang ôn luyện thi Đại học - Rèn luyện giải nhanh các đề thi ba miền Bắc - Trung - Nam Hóa học, phần 2 giới thiệu tới người đọc 13 bộ đề thi thử Đại học và hướng dẫn giải chi tiết từ các trường THPT chuyên trên cả nước. Mời các bạn tham khảo.

dm nang On luyQn thi BH 3 mign B&c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cti Thanh Toan

PTHH cac phan ting:

HCOOH + NaHCOj HCOONa + CO2 t +H2O " '

C H 3 C O O H + NaHC03 CH^COONa + CO2 T +H2O

HCOOH + Ag20 ^"^ > 2Ag i +CO2 t +H2O "^^'^^^ ' ' '

Chu y; De dan gian ta vie't c6ng thiic cua xenluloza, xenlulozo trinitrat Mn la

C6H7O2 (OH)^ ;C6H702 (ONO2)3 (bo he s6' n)

cau 26: Cac PTHH cac phan ung xay ra:

(1) CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH CHjCOONa + C 2 H , 0 H

(2) CH2 = C H C O O C H 3 + NaOH -> CH2 = CHCOONa + CH3OH

(3) C^HjCOOCH = CH2 + NaOH -> C^HjCOONa + C H 3 C H O

(4) CH2 = C(CH3)OCOCH3 + NaOH -> CH3C00Na + CH3COCH3

(5) C6H5OCOCH3 + 2NaOH -> CH3COONa + C^H^ONa + H2O ^

(6) C H 3 C O O C H 2 C 6 H , + NaOH ^ CH3C00Na + C6H3CH2OH

=> Cac trucmg hap kh6ng thu duoc ancol la (3), (4), (5)

=> Z | la xeton Z la ancol bac hai

=> X la HCOOCH(CH3)2 : isopropyl fomat

Dap an dung la C

Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vi^t

•I

i 1

rftuj.-' Cac PTHH cac phan umg xay ra:

HCOOCH(CH3)2 + NaOH HCOONa + (CH3)2CHOH

(CH3 )2 CHOH + CuO )CH3 - CO - CH3 + Cu + H2O

(Z) ( Z , )

C^u 29: San ph^m cua phan ung giua mantoza va CH30H(xt HCl) khong the

tham gia phan iJng trang guong vi khong con nhom OH hemiaxetal ndn khdng

CO kha nang ma vong tao nhom chiic andehit

Vay phat bieu A khong chinh xac Dap an diing la A f-^;, qy,,:

Cau 30: Hop cMt X c6 cac tfnh c h ^ : ,^ , ^ ^ ^ ' :

+ CrPT: C3H6O2 ( n , ^ , = l ) V - - ' + Dan chiJc i ! ' ; + Tac dung duoc vdi dung dich NaOH

+ Khdng CO phan ling trang guong ' I ' ^ l '

=> X la axit cacboxylic hoac este (kh6ng phai este ciia axit fomic) ''1' ' Cac CTCr ciia X:

1) C H 3 C H 2 C O O H ; 2) CH3COOCH3 (C6 2CTCr)

Dap an diing la D

•Al cm;,'•

•4%

d m nang fln luy$n thi DH 3 mjgn B^c - Trung - Nam mfln H6a hgc - Cii Thanh Toan

B O D £ T H I S O 7

M 6 N HOA HOC K H O I A, B

(Trich de thi thu Idn 2- Tru&ng THPT Chuyen Le Hong Phong )

Cau 1: Thirc hien phan urng ete hoa h6n hop g6m 2 ancol don chiifc thu dirge h6ii

horp cac ete La'y mOt trong s6' cac ete do dem dO't chay hoan toan thu duoc CO,

va HjO CO so' mol bang nhau va deu ga'p 4 ISn s6' mol ete da dot chay C I FT cu;,

2 ancol la

A. C H 3 O H va C 2 H ^ O H B. C H 3 O H va CjH^OH

C. C 2 H 3 O H va C 3 H 7 O H D C 2 H S O H va C 3 H 5 O H

Cau 2: Mot hop chat huii co X c 6 c6ng thvJc phan tu CHjO.N La'y 0,2 mol X tac

dung vd'i dung djch co chtra 0,25 mol NaOH va dun nong, thu dugc chat khi lam

xanh quy tim dm va dung dich Y Co can dung djch Y thu dirge m gam chat rin

khan Tri so' cua m la:

A 13,6 B 15,6 C 14,6 D 19,2

Cau 3: Cho cac polime: cao su buna; polistiren; amilozo; amilojjectin; xenlulozo;

to capron; nhira bakelit So' polime co ca'u true maeh khOng phan nhanh la:

A 6 , B.4 C 7 D 5

Cau 4: Oxi hoa 4 gam mot ancol don chuc X bang O2 (co mat xiic tac Cu) thu dugt

5,6 gam h6n hop Y gom andehit, ancol va nu6c N6'u cho toan b6 h6n hgp Y

tac dung vdi lugng du dung dich AgNO^/NH,, dun nong thi khd'i lugng Ag thu

duge la:

A 10,8 gam B 21,6 gam C 32,4 gam D 43,2 gam

Cau 5: Hay xac djnh co bao nhieu loai to co nguon goc tir xenlulozo trong so cac

loai to sau: to tam; to viseo; to axetat; to nilon-6,6

A 2 B.4 C 3 D 1

Cau 6: S6' dong phan amin bae 2 ciia C4H,|N la

A 6 B 8 C.9 D 3

Cau 7: Thuy phan hoan toan h6n hgp X g6m 2 este don chiJc A, B cdn dung vira du

100 ml dung dich NaOH I M thu duge 6,8 gam muO'i duy nha't va 4,04 gam h6n

hgp 2 ancol la d6ng dang lien tia'p nhau. C 6 n g thiic ca'u tao ciia 2 este la:

A. C 2 H , - C O O C H 3 va C 2 H 3 - C O O C 2 H 5

B. C H 3 - C O O C H 3 va C H 3 - C O O C 2 H ,

C H- C O O C 2 H , va H - C O O C 3 H 7

D H- C O O C H 3 va H - C O O C 2 H 5

Cau 8: Etanol la chat trung gian de san xua't cao su nhan tao, to t6ng hgp, la chfl'

thay the cho cac nhien lieu co nguon gde hoa thach Co th^ di^u chd'etanol baiit^

each lan men cac nguydn li6u eo ehufa tinh b6t Ti'nh lugng ngu cd'c chiia 65'/'

tinh bgt de san xua't duge 2,3 ta'n etanol Biet hao hut trong qua trinh san xua't

25%

A 8,3 ta'n '*B 1,013 ta'n C 5,4 ta'n D 1,56 X&n

C^O 9: ^'^ phenol trung ngung v6\5 mol HCHO (xiic tac H ^ t°), thi

thu duge bao nhieu gam poli(phenol-fomandehit) co ca'u true maeh khOng phan nhanh? Bid't h\tu sua't phan ling la 100%

A 15,9 gam B 21,2 gam C 26,5 gam D 10,6 gam 10: X la a-amino axit chiia 1 nhom -COOH Cho 10,3 gam X tac dung het vol 200ml dung djch HCl 1,5M thu duge dung djch Y De phan ung het vdi cae chat

trong Y thi cSn dung vCra dij 400 ml dung djch NaOH I M CTCT diing cua X la:

A. C H 3 - C H 2 - CH(NH2) - COOH ' " •

B. C H 3 - C H ( N H 2 ) - C H 2 - COOH

cau 11: DCing thudc thir duy nha't nao sau day &i phan biat cac dung djch:

mantozo, C 2 H 3 O H , C 2 H 5 ( O H ) 3 , C H 3 C O O H , H C O O C H 3 va long trang triing?

A Phenolphtalein B Na ,^ ^ ^

Cau 12: Phat bieu khong diing la:

A Hgp chat H 2 N - C H 2 - C O O H 3 N - C H 3 la este cua glyxin ^ »(>i

B Amino axit la nhOng chat rdn, ket tinh, tan t6't trong nu6c va co vi ngot

C Trong dung djch, H 2 N - C H 2 - COOH con t6n tai 0 dang ion ludng cue

Ten ggi diing ciia X la:

A Axit propionic B Metyl fomat C Metyl axetat D Etyl fomat Cau 14: Thuy phan hoan toan m6t pentapeptit X maeh ho thu duge cac amino axit

A, B, C, D, E Khi thuy phan khong hoan toan peptit X thi thu duge cac peptit

ED, AE, CB va EDC Peptit X phai co thii tu cac amino axit thanh phSn la:

A CBAED B AEDCB C EDCAB D CDEAB 15: Chon phat bieu khong chinh xac: , -

A Tinh b6t bj thuy phan hoan toan trong m6i tru6ng axit va dun nong thi thu duge san ph^m cu6'i cung la glucozo i , B- Depolime hoa polistiren trong didu kien thi'ch hgp thu duge stiren

C Thiiy phan poli(vinyl axetat) trong m6i trucmg ki6m san phdm thu duge la

poli(vinyl ancol) va muoi axetat f > •P'S i *

C>- Xenlulozo bj thiiy phan hoan toan trong mdi trucmg axit va dun nong thi thu duge san phdm cu6'i cung la fruetozo

C^m nang On luyen thi DH 3 mign Bic - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hqc - Cu Thanh Toan

Cau 16: Phan ting nao gSy ra sir phan cat mach polime?

A Cao su isopren tac dung vdi HCl B Poll (vinyl clorua) tac dung v6i Cl-,

C Thuy phan to capron D Thiiy phan poli(vinyl axetat)

Cau 17: Cho 100ml dung dich ancol etylic 57,5° (bid't khO'i lugng ridng ciia ancol

nguySn chat la 0,8 g/ml va cua nu6c la 1,0 g/ml) tac dung v6i Na dir, sau phan

ling thu duoc V lit khi (dktc) Gia trj ciia V la:

A 25,432 lit B 37,632 lit C 11,200 lit D 75,264 lit

Cau 18: Cho cac hoa cMt sau: (1) AgNOj/ddNH,, t°; (2) H , (Ni, t*^; (3) phenol ( H \

(4) CuCOH):/ NaOH, t"; (5) Na; (6) dung dich Br,; (7) CH3COOH Hay cho biet

andehit fomic tac dung vdi chat nao trong so' cac hoa chat tren?

A (1); (2); (4); (5); (6) B (1); (2); (3); (4); (5); (6)

C (1); (2); (3); (4); (5); (6); (7) D ( I ) ; (2); (3); (4); (6)

Cau 19: M6t a-amino axit X (chi chiia m6t nhom - N H , va mot nhom -COOH)

Cho 0,89 gam X phan urng vCra du v6i HCl tao ra 1,255 gam muO'i C6ng thiic

ca'u tao ciia X la:

A. H2N - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - COOH B H2N - CH2 - COOH

C. H2N - CH2 - CH2 - COOH D CH2 - CH(NH2) - COOH

Cau 20: Cho cac dung dich khOng mau: HCOOH, H^N-CHrCOOH (glyxin),

HOOC-CH:-CH2-CH(NH.)COOH (axit glutamic), H2N-(CH2)4-CH(NH2)-COOH

(lysin) ThuO'c thir c6 th^ phan biet cac chat trdn bao g6m:

A Quy tim, dung dich NaOH B Quy tim, dung djch AgNOj/NHj du

C Quy tim, dung djch CUSO4 D Dung dich HCl, dung djch Ba(OH)2

Cau 21: H6n hop X gom axit axetic va ancol etylic Cho 14,52 gam hOn hop X tac

dung vori Na du thu diroc 3,024 lit H , (dktc) Tie'p tuc cho H.SO4 dac vao h6n hop

X va dun nong thi thu duoc 8,8 gam este Hidu sua't ciia phan umg este hoa la:

A 83,33% B 75,00% C 66,67% D 80,00%

Cau 22: De dot chay hoan toan 0,1 mol mOt axit cacboxylic don cMc thi c5n vira

dii V lit oxi (dktc), thu duoc 0,3 mol CO, va 0,2 mol nude Gia trj ciia V la:

A 0,86 B 11,2 C.4,48 D 6,72

Cau 23: H6n hop X gom axit axetic v^ etyl axetat (ti le mol 1:1) D6't chay hoan

toan 0,1 mol X, sau do cho toan bo san ph^m chay vao binh dung 500ml dung

djch Ba(OH), 0,4M thu duoc ket tua Y va dung djch Z Khi do khO'i luong dung

djch Z so v6i khoi luong dung djch Ba(0H)2 se thay doi nhu the nao?

A Tang 13,2 gam B Tang 25,1 gam '

C Giam 1,1 gam D Giam 10,95 gam

Cau 24: H6n hop g6m 0,02 mol etanol va 0,02 mol ancol no X tac dung he't v6i N^'

sau phan utig thu duoc 0,672 lit khi or dktc va 3,76 gam muO'i natri X la:

A propanl,2-diol B etylen glicol C metanol D glixerol

Cau 25: Chat huu co X (chura C, H, O) don chiic, mach ho va c6 phan tir kh6'i la 60

SO'CTCT ciia X thoa man dieu kien tren la:

A 6 B 3 C 4 D 5 ^

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi$t

^^U 26: Di dieu che' 100 gam thuy tinh hOu co thi cSn bao nhifiu gam ancol metylic

va bao nhieu gam axit metacrylic, biet hieu sua't qua trinh phan utig dat 80%

A Axit 68,8 gam; ancol 25,6 gam B Axit 107,5 gam; ancol 40 gam

C Axit 107,5 gam; ancol 32 gam D Axit 86,0 gam; ancol 32 gam

Q^a 27: H6n hop X g6m 0,25 mol hai andehit d6ng dang ke' tie'p nhau tac dung vdi

luong du AgNOV ddNH,, dun nong Sau khi phan ihig xay ra hoan toan, thu

duoc 67,5 gam Ag PMn tram so' mol ciia hai andehit trong h6n hop X la:

cau 29: Dieu kien de' mot monome tham gia phan ting trung hop la:

B Co lien ket bOi hoac vong kem b^n

C Co lien ket d6i, ba hoac vong 3, 4 canh ' ' ' '

D Co mot lien ket doi hoac vong kem b^n ' J f cau 30: Thiiy phan hoan toan 10 gam mOt loai bOng thien nhien trong dung djch H,S04 loang va dun nong Toan b6 luong glucozo tao thanh dem thirc hien phan ihig trang guong thi thu duoc 12,96 gam Ag Ham luong xenlulozo co trong loai bdng thien nhien la:

I-A 97,2% B.95,4% C 93,6% D 98,1%

H U O N G D A N G I A I

Cau 1: Vi cac ancol don chiic => ete tao ra don chirc

E>6't chay ete tao ra so mol CO, bang s6' mol H.O '

=> Ete dang C„H,„0 (don cMc)

C n H 2 „ 0 - ^ 2 2 _ , n C 0 2 + nH20 '

l(mol) n(mol) Theo b^i ra z:> n = 4 (C4H8O;CH3 - O - CH2 - CH = CH2 )

E>ap an dung la B ^ ,

2: X CO cac tinh chA: ,

X + NaOH - ) khf lam xanh quy ^m + dd Y

==> X phai c6 ca'u tao: HCOONH4 ^'"^ '

Ca'm nang 6n luygn thi DH 3 mign B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hgc - Cii Thanh Toan

w PTHH: HCOONH4 + NaOH HCOONa + N H , t + H 2 O

- Cac polime mach kh6ng phan nhanh: Cao su buna; polistiren; amilozo;

xenlulozo tcfcapron (5 chat)

- Polime mach phan nhanh: amilopectin rlO^!''

- Polime mach khdng gian: nhira bakelit

Cau 7: Theo bai ra: np^^oH ~ 0,1 (mol)

Dat c6ng thiic 2 este la RCOOR

Vi ngu c6'c chi chiia 65% tinh b6t va H = 75% nen:

4,05.100.100 m„ = = 8,3 (ta'n)

65.75 Dap an dung la A

Chui: (C6H,oO,)_^ + n H 2 0 - n C 6 H , 2 0

C6H,20, Cau 9: So do phan irng:

>2C2H50H + 2C02

OH

+ CH2O

Ban d^u: 0,3 0,25 Phan ling: 0,25 0,25 Sau P/ir: 0,05 0

Vay kh6'i luomg polime thu duoc: m = 0,25.106 = 26,5(gam)

Cin\g On luy^n thi DH 3 mign B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh ToAn

Cku 11: Chon thud'c thix la CuCOH)^ / O H "

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi$t

Dap an dung la C

C a u 12: Xet cac phuang an:

A K h d n g dung v i hop cha^t H 2 N - C H 2 - C O O H 3 N - C H 3 la mu6'i cua glyxin

c a u 13: Sa 66: X (CjHeO,, don chirc) + N a O H - > mud'i Y +

=> X la axit hoSc este

V i M Y < M x => X kh6ng th^ la axit

( R C O O H + N a O H RCOONa + H2O

^ R C O O N a > ^ RCOOH )

=> X la este V I M y < => g6c hidrocacbon cua ancol (trong X ) 16n han 23

=> g6'c hidrocacbon cua ancol la C 2 H 5 - (29)

Vay este la HCOOC2H, (etyl fomat)

Cau 16: Xet cac phuang an: ; L ; ,

A. [ - C H 2 - C ( C H 3 ) = C H - C H 2 ] _ ^ +nHa ^ [ C H 2 C a ( C H 3 ) C H 2 C H 2 cao su isopren polime ' 5«

Dap an diing la C j Cau 17: Trong 100 m l dung djch c6:

+ 57,5 m l C 2 H , O H ^ mc^HjOH = 57,5.0,8 = 46(g) nc^HjOH = 4 6 / 4 6 = l(mol)

dm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mign B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cu Thanh Toan

C a u 18: Cac hoa chat tac dung vori HCHO:

(1) H C H O + l A g N O , + 3NH3 + H2O -> 2Ag + HCOONH4 + Z N H ^ N O j

Ni,t (2) H C H O + H 2

(3) H C H O + C ^ H s O H

-^CHjOH

(4) HCHO + 2Cu (OH) + NaOH

> poll (phenol - fomandehit)

0

^ CU2O + HCOONa + 3H2O

(6) HCHO + Br2 + H 2 O HCOOH + 2HBr

Dap an diing la D

Chuj: Andehit c6 the tac dung ducrc vdi HOH, HCN

(Vi vay CO the tac dung vd\H ? )

Cau 19: Dat X la R - CHCNHj) - COOH

R - CH ( N H 2 ) - COOH + HCl ^ R - C H ( N H 3 C 1 ) - COOH

0,89(g) l,255(g)

Theo dinh luat bao to^n khd'i luofng: +"^HC\ "imua

=>mHci -1.255-0,89 = 0,365(g)^nHci =0,Ol(mol)

= > M x =0,89/0,01-89

^ R + 13 + 16 + 45 = 8 9 ^ R = 15(CH3-)

vay X la CH3 - C H (NH2) - COOH (alanin)

Dap an diing la D

Cau 20: Chon thudc thir gom:

axit fomic, glyxin, axit glutamic; lysin

Cau 21: Theobai ra: n^^^ =0,135(mol);ncH3cooc2H5 =0,l(mol)

Xac djnh sd'mol CHjCOOH.CjHsOH trong 14,52 gam X:

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi$t

2CH3COOH + 2Na 2CH3COONa + H j

2C2H5OH + 2Na 2C2H<iONa + H 2

y 0,5y 0,5x + 0,5y = 0,135 fx =0,15

0,1.100%

±CH3COOC2H5 + H20

0 0 0,1

Cau 22: Dat axit don chiic la C^H^O, Sod6: C^Hy02

0,1 mol V ( l ) 0,3 mol 0,2 mol

Ap dung djnh luat bao toan nguydn t6' cho nguydn to oxi, ta c6: ' 1 > ^ 1 v

Cau 23: Theo bai ra: n

= 0,3.2 + 0,2.1 = ^ V = 6,72

Ba(OH)2 = 0 2 ( m o l ) ; nc,H402 =nc4H802 = 0,05(mol) C2H4O2 >2C02 + 2H2O C4H8O2 )4C02 + 4H2O

= ^ ' ^ Y i - " i B a C O 3 i = 0 ' l - 1 9 7 = 19,7(g) Sad6: C O 2 + H 2 0 + ddBa(OH)2-> Y i + d d Z

Theo djnh luat bao toan kh6'i luong, ta c6:

+0-

y •

it

xl- <

dm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mign B j c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - CCi Thanh Toan

mco2 + " ^ H 2 0 + m j j B ^ ( o „ ) ^ - + m ddZ

m ddZ - m , 'ddBa(OH)2 = 18,6-19,7 = - l , l ( g )

Vay dd Z giam 1,1 gam so vdi dung dich Ba(OH)2

Dap an diing la C

Cau 24: Theo bai ra: n^^^ =0,03(mol)

Dat ancol X la R(OH).,

0,02.68 + 0,02.(R + 39a) = 3,76

v a y X C O the' la C H 3 - C H ( O H ) - C H j O H (propan - 1 , 2 - diol)

Dap an dung la A

Cau 25:

- X chiia C, H, O c6: M = 60 ^ Cac CTPT cua X c6 the' c6: C2H402;C3H80

- Cac Crcr cua X (dcfn chufc, mach ho):

Cdu 28: Xet cac phuong an:

A Thoa man: C H 3 C H 2 C I + NaOH ^ C H j C H j O H + NaCl

C H 3 C O O C 2 H 5 + NaOH -> C 2 H 5 O H + CHjCOONa C6H|20(, ^ 2 C 2 H S O H + 2 C O 2

Cau 29: Di^u kien monome tham gia phan ling trung hop:

+ C6 lien ket b6i Thf du CH2 = C H 2 ; C 6 H 5 - C H - C H j ;

Cafm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mign B&c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hqc - Cu Thanh ToAn

B O D E T H I S O 8

M O N H O A H O C K H O I A , B

(Trich de thi thii Idn 3- Truong THPT Chuyen Le Hong Phong )

Cau 1: Dot chay hoan toan 0,1 mol mot axit cacboxylic don chiic, can vira du 6,72

lit Ọ (dktc), thu duoc 0,3 mol CO, va a mol H,0 Gia tri ciia a la:

Cau 2: Hoa tan 5 gam mudi ngslm nude CuSỘnH^O vao nude, dien phan dung

dich thu duoc cho A6n khi c6 khi thoat ra tai catot thi dCrng lai, thu duoc dung

djch A Trung hoa dung dich A cin mot luong vira dii dung dich chiia 1,6 gam

NaOH Vay n c6 gia trj la:

Cau 3: Cho a mol C O , háp thu het vao dung dich chiia b mol CăOH)2 Phan ung

taokettuakhi:

A a / b < l / 2 B l < a / b < 2 C a / b < 2 D a/b = r

Cau 4: Hop chat h&u co thorn X c6 cdng thiic phan tu CgHjoỌ Khi thuc hien

phan ling tach nudre tir X thu dugc mot hidrocacbon Y, trung hop Y tao polistireii

(PS) Sd cdng thiirc cáu tao ciia X thoa man dieu kien tren la:

Cau 5: Hoa tan hdn hop X gdm Na, K trong nude du, tao thanh dung dich A va

0,672 lit (dktc) khf H, Cho dung dich A tac dung vdi dung dich chiia 0,016 mol

A I C I 3 thi luong ket tua thu duoc la:

Ạ 0,312 gam B 1,17 gam C 0,234 gam D 0,78 gam

cau 6: Tinh the tich dung dich FeS04 1,5M cSn dung d^ phan ling vira du vdi

100ml dung djch chiia KMn04 0,2M va K2Cr3O7 0 , l M trong mdi trudng axit?

Ạ 0,32 lit B 0,64 lit C 0,106 lit D 0,08 lit

Cau 7: Este E cd cdng thiic phan tu la C5Hg02 Thiiy phan E trong mdi trudiig

axit thu dugc dimetyl xeton Cdng thiic cáu tao thu gon ciia E la:

Ạ CH3COOCH = CHCH3 B CH3COOC(CH3) = C H 2

C HCOOCH = C H C H 2 C H 3 D HC00C(CH3) = C H C H 3

Cau 8: GiOa mudi dicromat ^CrjOy" j va mudi cromat ^Cr04~ j cd can bang:

Cr20^- + H 2 O ^ 2CrÔ- + 2H+

(da cam) (vang)

Cho tiJr tir dung dich NaOH vao dng nghiem dung dung dich K^Cr^O, thi hie"

tugng quan sat dugc la gỉ

A Mau da cam nhat dan do cd sir pha loang ciia dung dich NaOH

B Khdng tháy cd hien tugng gi vi khdng xay ra phan ung

C Mau da cam dam đn do can bang chuyen djch ve b6n traị

D Dung djch chuyen sang mau vang

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vigt 9: Thdi Hj du qua hdn hop gdm cac oxit MgO,Al203,Fe203,CuO va PbO d nhiet đ cao thi hdn hop chat ran thu ducic sau phan ling gdm: • f

Ạ MgO,Cu,Fe,Al203,Pb B MgO,Cu,Fe,Al,Pb '

C Mg,Cu,Fe,Al,Pb D Mg,Cu,Fe,Al203,Pb ' , / Cau 10: Cd the didu ehe kim loai canxi bang phuong phap nao sau daỷ

Ạ Khir CaO bang lugng du khi CO a nhiet đ eao

B Khir CaO bang lucmg du cacbon d nhiet đ cao ^ j, ,

C Tir CaCO, dieu che CaCl, khan rdi dien phan CaCl,

D Nhiet phan CaO 0 nhi6t đ caọ

Cau 11: Cho cac chat sau:

(1): H O C H 2 - C H 2 O H (2): H O C H 2 - C H 2 - C H 2 O H (3): C H 3 - C H 2 - O - C H 3 (4): H O C H 2 - CHOH - C H 2 O H

Cac chát (trong nude) tac dung dugc vdi C U ( 0 H )2 la: ' '

A ( l) ; ( 3 ) ; ( 5 ) ; ( 6 ) B (1); (2); (4); (5)

C ( l) ; ( 4 ) ; ( 5 ) ; ( 6 ) D (2); (3); (4); (5)

Cau 12: Xac djnh cac ht sd a, b, c trong phuong trinh hoa hoc sau: ' '

aFeS2 + bHN03 - 4 Fe2 ( S O 4 + H2SO4 + cNO + 4 H 2 O

Cau 14: Hoa tan m gam ancol etylic (D = 0,8 g/ml) vao 108 ml nude tao thanh

I dung djch Ạ Cho dung djch A tac dung vdi Na du thu duoc 85,12 lit (dktc) khi

Hị Dung djch A ed đ rugu la:

' Ạ 92° B.46'' C.90° 0.85"

Cau 15: Mdt hdn hgp X gdm 3 ancol don chiJc thudc ciing mdt day đng dang Ddt

chay hoan toan m gam hdn hgp X thu dugc 4,4 gam COj va 2,7 gam nudẹ Gia

trj ciia m la:

Ạ 2,3 gam B 2,5 gam C. 3,0 gam D 1,6 gam Cau 16: Sd đng phan amin bac 2 cua C 5 H 1 3 N la:

dm nang On luyQn thi DH 3 m\in BJc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hgc - Cii Thanh Toan

Cau 17: Chi so axit la s6' mg KOH c i n dung di trung boa cac axit beo tu do c6 trong

1 gam chat beo Tinh chi s6' axit ciia m6t loai chat beo, bie't rang d^ trung hoa axit

beo tirdo c6 trong 14 gam cha't beo do c^n 15ml dung djch NaOH 0,1M?

A 14 B 7 C 5,6 D 6

Cau 18: Phat bi^u nao sau day khong dung? ' ' -'^

A K h i them tir tir tirng luong nho dung dich HCl vao dung djch NajCOj d6ng

thofi khua'y deu h6n hop thi phan ling hoa hoc ddu tifen xay ra la:

CO3- + H+ ^ HCOJ *;

B Cac kim loai ki6m lu6n c6 s6' oxi hoa +1 trong moi hop cha't ciia chvlng

C Khi dien phan NaOH nong chay (vd'i cac ditn cue tro), tren anot xay ra qua

tfmh oxi hoa: 2 0 H " - ^ 0 2 + 2H+ + 2e

D Di 6iiu ch€ cac kim loai kiim, ngircri ta c6 the dien phan cac mu6'i clorua

hoac cac hidroxit nong chay ciia chung

Cau 19: M6t h6n hop X gdm 3 ancol don chiic thu6c ciing m6t day ddng dang Dot

chay hoan toan m gam h6n hop X thu duoc 4,4 gam CO, va 2,7 gam n\x6c C6ng

thiic t6ng quat ciia 3 ancol la:

A C„H2„_,0H B C„H2„0H C C„H2„+,0H D C^H^^.jOH

Cau 20: M6t hop chat huu co X chiia C, H, O, N c6 phan tix khd'i 89 dvC X tac

dung vdri dung dich HCl va dung dich NaOH Khi cho 0,1 mol X tac dung v6i

dung dich NaOH dir thu duoc 9,4 gam mu6'i C6ng thu"c ca'u tao dung ciia X la:

A C H 2 = CH - C O O N H 4 B H 2 N - C H 2 - COO - C H 3

C. CH3 - CH(NH2) - COOH D H 2 N - C H 2 - C H 2 - COOH

Cau 21: Cho metylamin ISn luot phan ting vori dung dich HCl, NaOH, NH3, HNO,,

FeClj So Mn xay ra phan ling hoa hoc la:

A 1 B 2 ' C 3 D 5

Cau 22: Cho dung dich chiia 0,03 mol NaAlO tac dung vdri 100 ml dung dich HCl

X (M), tha'y sinh ra 1,56 gam kdt tiia Gia trj ciia x la:

A 0 , l M h a y 0 , 4 M B 0,2M C 0,2M hay 0,6M D 0,6M

Cau 23: Cho 0,01 mol Fe vao 100ml dung dich AgNOj 0,4M thi s6' mol Ag sinh ra la:

A 0,01 mol B 0,04 mol C 0,03 mol D 0,02 mol

C&u 24: Cho cac phat bi^u v6 tinh ciing ciia nu6c nhu sau:

(1) : Dun s6i ta chi loai duoc tinh ciing tam then ciia nirofc

(2) : Co th^ dung NajCOj de loai ca tinh cufng tam thori va tinh ciing vTnh ciru ciJa

nude

(3) : Co th^ dung HCl di loai tinh ciing ciia nu6c

(4) : Co th^ diing NaCl de loai tinh ciing ciia nude

Chon phat bi^u diing:

A Chi CO (1), (2), (3) B Chi CO (1), (2)

C.Chi CO (2) ,^ D Chi CO (1), (2), (4)

o n

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vigl

Cau 25: D6't nong h6n hop g6m b6t Al va b6t Fe304 trong dieu kien khong c6 khong khi Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu duoc h6n hop X Cho h6n hop X tac dung vdfi dung dich NaOH du tha'y c6 khi H, thoat ra H6n hqfp X g6m:

A Al,Fe,Fe304,Al203 B Al,Fe,Fe203,Al203

C Al,Fe,Al203 D Al,Fe,FeO,Al203 Cau 26: Cho cac kim loai Al,Fe,Cr,Na Hay sSp xep cac kim loai do theo chieu tang d^n dp ciing:

A Na < Fe < A l < Cr B Na < A l < Fe < Cr '"*' '

C N a < C r < A l < F e D N a < A l < N i < F e H cau 27: Cho 10,8 gam h6n hop g6m Fe, Al, Mg tac dung vira dii vdi dung djch c6 chiia 0,8 mol HCl Khd'i luong mu6'i khan thu duoc la:

A 37,2 gam B 38,2 gam C 40,2 gam D 39,2 gam Cau 28: Th6i m6t luong khi CO qua m gam FejOj nung nong thu duoc 6,72 gam h6n hop X gdm 4 chat rSn la Fe, FeO, Fe304, FcjO, H6n hop X tac dung voi dung djch HNO3 du sinh ra 0,16 mol NO, Gia trj cua m la:

A 7 gam B 6 gam C 5 gam D 8 gam Cau 29: Hoa tan m (gam) Na^O vao 100 ml dung djch NaOH20%(D = l,2g/ml) thu duoc dung djch NaOH 30% Vay m c6 gia trj la: ^*

A 15,22gam B 10,2gam C 13,12gam D 12,12gam

Cau 30: Cho so do chuyen hoa true tiep: C 2 H 5 O H X -> C 2 H 5 O H Trong cac chat sau: C4H6 (divinyl), CH3CHO,CH3COOH,C2H4, C2H50Na,(C2H5)2 O, C2H5Cl,CH3COOC2H5, s6' chat c6 the la chat X la: , ,

A 4 chat B 7 cha't C 8 chat D 6 chat

(Hi-Cau 2: Theo bai ra: nN^oH = ' ' 6 / 4 0 = 0,04(mol)

0,02 ^ 0,04

CUSO4 + H 2 O -> Cu i + H2SO4 + 0,502

0,02 ^ 0,02 ;

cam rang on luyen tin E)H 3 mjgn BJc - Trung - Nam m6n H6a hgc - Cii Thanh Togin

Ban dau: a b (mol)

Phan ling: a a/2 (mol)

,^ Di CO ket tua (CaCOj i ) thi a/2 < b = i ' a / b < 2 ;tl

Cau 4 : Cac tinh chat cua X: ' * ^'

+ X la hop chat thorn (c6 vong benzen trong phan tir) «'

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi?t

C^U 6: Theo bai ra: n K M n 0 4 = 0'02(mol);nK2c,2O7 =^0,0l(mol) Qua trinh nhan electron:

ChuJ,: Cac PTHH cac phan ung xay ra:

10FeSO4 + 2KMn04 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2 (SO4 )^ + K2SO4 + 2MnS04 + 8H2O 6FeS04 + K2Cr207 + 7H2SO4 -> 3Fe2 (SO4), + K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4 \ IH^O

Cau 7: So d6: C5HSO2 + H2O CH3 - CO - CH3 + )

este E dimetyl xeton , , / )

=> E phai CO cau tao: CH3COO - CCCHj) = CH2

Dap an diing la B ^ '

Chii v.- PTHH:

CH3COOC(CH3) = CH2 + H 2 O — — C H 3 C O O H + CH3 - CO - CH3 C^u 8: Khi do xay ra cac qua trinh:

Cr202- + H2O 2CrO^- + 2H+

2 H + + 2 0 H - - ^ 2 H 2 0 ' Ci20^- + 2 0 H - -> 2CrO^- + H2O ;S ^

(dacam) (vang) j

=> Dung dich chuyen sang mau vang

Dap an dung la D , K2Cr207 + 2 K 0 H ^ 2K2Cr04 + 2H2O

(da cam) (vang) ' ' ' Cau 9: Khi H i (du) chi khir dugc cac ion kim loai trung binh va yeu trong oxit d nhiet do cao:

H2 + MgO > kh6ng xay ra H2 + AI2O3 — ^ khong xay ra

Cau 10: Xet cac phuong an:

A Loai,vi CaO + C O — —> kh6ng xay ra

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi;t

QiU 13: V I ancol no, ho, s6' mol HjO > s6' mol CO2 => ete no, ho, don chuc C„H2„+20-

C„ H 2 n + 2 0 - ^ ^ n C 0 2 + ( n + l ) H 2 0 ' ( , : l O ) ) • :; ; Theobai ra: iicoj : n H 2 0 = 3 : 4 = ^ n : ( n- | - l ) = 3:4 (fKJ'p HH - • •

C2H,OH + C2H,OH ^C2H, - O - C 2 H 5 + H2O ^"^^ '^'^

Cau 14: Theo bai ra: n H 2 0 = = 6(mol);nH2 = 3,8(mol)

Cau 15: CocAT; Theo bai ra: nco2 =0,l(mol); n H 2 0 =0,15(mol)

^ ' " H 2 0 > " C O 2 ^ 'inco\, ho, don chiic C„H2„_,.20

C n H 2 „ + 2 0 - ^ n C 0 2 + ( n + 1)H20

X -> nx -> (n -I- 1)X

nx = 0,l Taco:

' ' M i l ' " *•

x = 0 , 0 5

n = 2 (n + l)x = 0,I5

Vay m = (I4n + 18).x = (l4.2 + 18).0,05 = 2,3(gam) Oap an dung la A

iSchJ^: Sic dung cong thiJc giai nhanh de tinh:

rrico-, 4 4 , ^

•"ancol = m H 2 0 p p => m = 2,7 - — = 2,3(gam)

Ca'm iijiiy on iiiyeii iiii UH 3 mjgn Bjc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hgc - Cii Thanh ToAn

Cau 16: Cac amin bac 2 cua C<;H,3N (no, hex, don churc):

Cau 17: Theo bai ra: n^aOH = l 5 ( m m o l ) = H K O H ^ ^KOH = ^'^-^^ = 84(mg)

Vay chi s6'axit ciia chat beo: = 6

Cau 18: Xet cac phirong an:

Ạ Dung, thu- tir xay ra: H + + CỖ HCOJ

H + + H C O J ^ C O 2 + H 2 O

B Dung, tiong hop chat, cac kim loai kiem chi c6 duy nhSt s6'oxi hoa +1 ,M

C Khong diing, vl 4 0 H " O 2 + 2H2O + 4e

C H 2 = CH - COONH4 + NaOH -> C H 2 = C H - COONa + NH3 + H 2 O

C H 2 = C H - COONH4 + H C l C H 2 = CH - COOH + NH4CI

Cau 21: Cac truong hop xay ra phan ling la:

1) CH3NH2 + HCl -> CH3NH3CI

2) CH3NH2 + H N O 2 -^,CH30H + N 2 + H 2 O

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi$t

3) 3CH3NH2 + 3H2O + FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 j +3CH3NH3CI

=> Co 3 phan ling xay rạ

Oap an diing la C

Qftuj,: Chua xet cac phan litig: s M j

CH3NH2 + H2O ^ CH3NHI + O H - jv ; CH3NH2 + HNO2 ^ CH3NH3NO2 i 3CH3NH3OH + FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3 ^ +3CH3NH3CI

Cau 23: Theo bai ra: nAgN03 = 0,1.0,4 = 0,04(mol)

Fe + 3AgN03 ^ Fe (NO3 )^ + 3Ag i Band^u: 0,01 0,04 0

Phan ling: 0 , 0 1 - > 0 , 0 3 ^ 0,03 Saup/u: 0 0,01 0,03

= ^ n A g = 0 , 0 3

Dap an diing la C

(1): Diing, V I Ca(HCO3 )^ CaC03 j +CO2 + H2O

im nang On M n thi DH 3 mign B&c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cu Thanh Tokn

4 - B'- H

(2) : Dung, vi: Ca^^ + CO^" ^ CaCO, i

M g 2 + + C O ^ - M g C 0 3 i • ' ' ' ( M g 2 + + 2 0 H - - ^ M g ( O H ) 2 i )

(3) , (4): Sai, vi khong the lam m^m nu6c bang H Q , NaCl

Chi CO ( 1 , 2) dung r O / t , H / i , ; +• AV^; H

Dap an dung la B

C a u 2 5 : S a d 6 : A l , F e 3 0 4 - ^ X ^"^"Q" H , T

^ X chu-a A l (con du) =^ Fe304 phan ling he't rtT J

3Fe304 + 8A1 — ^ 9Fe + 4 A I 2 O 3

Vay X chixa Fe, A K O , va A l (du) £<)

Dap an diing la C

C M i - 2 A l + 2NaOH + 6H2O ^ 2NaAl (OH)4 + 3H2 T

A I 2 O 3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O 2NaAl(OH)4

Cau 26: DO Cling tang din: Na < A l < Fe < C r

Dap an dung la B

Chu y: Crom (Cr) la k i m loai ciing nha't

Cau 27: Sa do: Fe,Mg, A l + HCl -> mu6'i + H ,

Sau khi thdm NajO thi:

+ Khd'i luong dung dich mod la: 120 + 62x(g) -) i M J H J '/ ,,

Kh6'i lugng NaOH: 24 + 40.2x = 24 + 80x (g) ' ''' , 24 + 80X 30

Theo bai ra, ta co: = = 0,3

120 + 62X 100

(; = 60/307 >1 'YM

vay m = 12,12(g) Dap an diing la D

Ngoaira: CH3COOH ^ ' ^ ' " 4 ^ " ^ CHgCHzOH

V X : :

241

;, ( , , ; i k j O i l l u y e i i IJM 3 ! n i L : i i [i,^ - Trung - Nam mOn H6a tiQC - Cu Thanh Toan ^

B O D E T H I S O 9

M 6 N H O A H O C K H O I A , B «; x

(Trich dethi thildn I- Tru&ng THPT Chuyen Dai hoc Vinh ) i , ,

I P H A N C H U N G C H O T A T C A T H I S I N H (40 cau, tit cku 1 den cau 40)

Cau 1: Phat bieu dung la: ^

A Dien phan NaCl nong chay sinh ra NaOH

B SiO, d l dang hoa tan trong NajCOj nong chay ^j

C Dung dich NaHCO, 0,1M c6 pH < 7

D K i m loai Na chay trong m6i trucmg khi oxi kho va dir, tao ra NajO

Cau 2: H6n hop khi X gom hai amin no, don chuc, mach hcf thuoc cung day d6ng

dang va m6t anken D6't chay hoan toan m gam h6n hop X thu duoc 0,55 mo!

CO,, 0,925 mol H^.O va V lit N , (dktc) Gia trj cua V la:

A 2,80 B.4,48 C 3,36 D 5,60

Cau 3: Thufc hien cac thi nghiem sau: ' ^

(I) Nho dung dich Na2C0,, tai du vao dung dich AliNO^), ''') n

(II) Nho dung dich NH, tit tiJt toi du vcio dung dich CUSO4

(III) Cho KOH vao dung dich Ca(HC0,)2

(IV) Sue khi H2S vao dung dich KMnO^ trong nidi trudng H2SO4 lodng

So thi nghiem khi ke't thuc cac phan ling c6 ket tua xua't h i f n la:

A 1 B 4 C.2 D 3

Cau 4: Nguydn tiJr ciia nguyen t6' X c6 t6ng s6' electron thu6c phan Idrp p la 11 Dien

tich hat nhan nguydn tir ciia nguydn t6' Y la +14,418.10"" C (cu-l6ng) Lidn ket

giua X va Y thu6c loai lidn ket

A k i m loai B cho - nhan

C c6ng hoa trj c6 cue D ion

Cau 5: Hop chat thom X c6 ph^n tram kh6'i luong cac nguydn t6': 67,742%C;

6,451%H, con lai la oxi T i khd'i hoi ciia X d6'i vdi H j nho hon 100 Cho 18,6

gam X phan ling vCra hd't vdi dung djch chiia 0,15 mol NaOH Sd cong thiic ca'u

tao phu hofp ciia X la:

A 3 B 7 C.5 D 6

Cau 6: Cho ttr tir dung djch chiia x mol H Q vao dung djch chiia y mol NajCOj, thu

duoc 1,12 lit khi (dktc) dung djch X K h i cho nude v6i trong du vao dung djch

X tha'y xua't hidn 5 gam ket tua Gia trj ciia x va y \in luot la:

A.0,1 Ova0,075 B 0,10 va0,050 C 0,20 va0,150 D 0,15 va0,100

Cau 7: Tr6n 0,25 mol b6t A l vdi 0,15 mol b6t Fe.Oj rdi tie'n hanh phan umg nhiet

nh6m trong dieu kien khdng cd khong khi (gia sir chi cd phan ling khir Fe^Oj

Fe) thu duoc h6n hop rSn X Cho X tac dung vdi dung djch NaOH (du) thu dutfc

dung djch Y, m gam cha't ran kiian Z va 0,15 mol H , Hieu sua't phan ihig nhiet

nh6m va gia tri ciia m iSn luct !a:

A 60% va 20,40 B, 60% va 30,75 C 50% va 30,75 D 50% va 40,80

242

Cty TNHH MIV UVVH Khang Vigt

CSiU 8: H6n hop M gdm hai kim loai X, Y c6 hoa trj khdng ddi Oxi hoa hoan toan

6,3 gam M trong oxi du thu duoc 11,1 gam hdn hop hai oxit Mat khac, neu la'y 12,6 gam M hoa tan hd't trong dung djch H Q thi thu duoc V 1ft H , (dktc) Gia tri

A A l , HCl, NaHS04, A g N O j B CO,, NaHCO,, Mg, Ca ,

C A l , HCl, Na.S, C u ( N 0 3 ) , D A l A , H,S04, NH4CI, Na^COj"

cau 11: Hdn hop M gdm xeton X (no, don chiic, mach hd) va hidrocaebon Y (the' long d dilu kien thudng) Dot chay hoan toan 0,1 mol M , thu duoc 0,45 mol

CO2 va 0,525 mol H^O C6ng thiic ciia X, Y \An luot la:

A C H 3 C O C H 3 v a Q H „ B C H ^ C O C H , va C3H,o ,

C CH3COCH3 va QH,o D Q H ^ C O Q H , va Q H , ,

c a u 12: Hdn hop X gdm hai ancol don chij-c, mach hd thudc ciing day ddng dang

va 3 ete tao ra hai ancol dd Ddt chay hoan toan m gam X cin vira dii V lit O, (dktc), thu duofc 0,81 mol CO, va 0,99 mol H.O Gia trj cua m va V ISn luot la

A 14,58 va 27,216 B 16,20 va 27,216

C 14,58 va 29,232 D 16,20 va 29,232

C4u 13: Cho 100 ml dung dich H3PO4 I M tac dung vdi 21,875 ml dung djch NaOH 25% (d = 1,28 gam/ml) sau dd dem pha loang bang nude ea't thu duoc 250 ml dung djch X Hoi trong X cd nhung hop chat nao cua photpho va ndng d6 mol la bao nhieu (bd qua su thuy phan ciia cac inudi)?

A Na3P04 0,4M B NaH3P04 0,1M va Na2HP04 0,3M

C NaH2P04 0,4M D Na2HP04 0,1M va Na3P04 0,3M

C A U 14: Xet can bang: N j ( k ) + 3H2(k) ^ 2 N H 3 ( k )

Khi chuyen sang trang thai can bang mdi ne'u ndng dd ciia va Hj diu giam 2

•^n (giu nguyen cac yd'u t d khac so vdi trang thai can bang cu) thi ndng d6 mol

c u a N H , :

A giam 4 Mn B giam 3 Mn C tSng 4 lAn D giam 6 Idn

«U 15: Thuy phan hoan toan 1 mol pentapeptit X mach hd thu duoc 1 mol glyxin

• (Gly), 2 mol alanin (Ala), 2 mol valin (Val) Mat khac, ne'u thuy phan kh6ng ' hoan toan X t h % thu duoc san ph^m cd chita Ala-Gly, Gly-Val Sd c6ng thu-c

ca'u tao phu hop cua X la:

^•8 B 4 C 2 D 6

dm nang On luyjn thi DH 3 mign B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - CD Thanh Toan

Cau 16: Co 4 dung dich rieng biet: HCl, FeCl, AgNO,, CUSO4 Nhiing vao m6i

dung dich mot thanh Fe nguyen chat So truong hop xua't hien an mon hoa hoc la:

Cau 17: H6n hop M gom axit cacboxylic X (kh6ng no, don chiJc, mach ho), anco]

no, don chiJc, mach ho Y (so mol ciia Y 1dm hon s6' mol cua X) va este Z dugc

tao ra tir X va Y Cho mot luong M phan ling vCra dii v6i dung dich chua 0,25

mol; NaOH thu duoc 27 gam mu6'i va 9,6 gam ancol C6ng thiJc cua X va Y la:

A. C3H7COOH va CH.OH B C,H,COOH va C H 5 O H

C. C3H5COOH va CH,OH D C^HsCOOH va C^HjOH

Cau 18: Dung dich X chiia cac ion: Ba^+,K+,HS03 va NO3 Cho 1/2 dung dich

X phan ling vdi dung dich NaOH (du), thu dugc 1,6275 gam ket tua Cho 1/2

dung dich X con lai phan ihig vdri dung djch HCl (du) sinh ra 0,28 lit SO, (dktc)

Mat khac, neu cho dung dich X tac dung vdri 300 ml dung dich Ba(OH) c6 pH =

13 thi thu dugc 500 m l dung dich c6 pH (bo qua su dien l i ciia H.O) la

A 13 B 12 C 1 D 2

Cau 19: Dot chay hoan toan mot lugng h6n hgp khi X gom m6t ankan va mdt anken

cin dung vira du 0,7 mol O,, thu dufoc 0,4 mol CO, Cong thufc ciia ankan la

Cau 20: Hgp chat hihi co X mach ho, c6 cong thufc phan tir C 4 H S O 2 Cho X tac

dung v6i H (xiic tac N i , t") sinh ra ancol Y c6 kha nang hoa tan CuCOH), or nhiet

do thuomg So chat bin phii hgp ciia X la:

A 4 B 5 C.6 D 3

Cau 21: D6't chay hoan toan m gam h6n hgp X gom hai andehit cSn dung vira het

0,375 mol O,, sinh ra 0,3 mol CO, va 0,3 mol H^O Mat khac, neu cho m gam X

tac dung vdri lugng du dung djch AgNOa trong NH, thi lugng ket tiia bac thu

dugc CO the la (H = 100%)

A 75,6 gam B 48,6 gam C 64,8 gam D 32,4 gam

Cau 22: Cho m gam h6n hgp X g6m HCOOCH = C H j C H j C O O H va

OHC - CH2 - CHO phan iJng vdi lugng du dung djch A g N O j trong N H , dun

nong, thu dugc 54 gam Ag Mat khac, neu cho m gam X tac dung vdri Na (du)

thu dugc 0,28 lit H , (dktc) Gia tri ciia m la

A 19,5 B.9,6 C 10,5 D 6,9

Cau 23: Cho h6n hgp X gom 0,09 mol Fe va 0,05 mol Fe(N03)2.7H2O vao

500ml dung dich HCl I M , ket thiic phan Ung thu dugc dung dich Y va khi N O

(san phdm khiJ duy nha't) Hoi dung djch Y hoa tan t6'i da bao nhidu gam Cu?

A 3,84 B.4,48 C 4,26 D 7,04

Cau 24: Trong cac polime sau: (1) poll (metyl metacrylat); (2) nilon-6; (3) nilo"'

6,6; (4) poll (etylen-terephtalat); (5) poll (vinyl clorua); (6) poli (v'inyl axetat)'

cac polime c6 the tdng hgp bang phan ihig trung hgp la:

A (2), (3), (5), (6) B ( l ) , ( 5 ) , ( 6 ) C.(l),(2),(5),(6) D (2), (3), (4)

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang ViQt

Q ^U 25: D a m ure dugc di6u ch6' bang each cho amoniac tac dung vdri CO, or nhiet d6 180" - 200''C, dudri ap sua't khoang 200 atm De thu dugc 6 kg dam ure thi thd' ti'ch amoniac (dktc) da diing (gia su hieu sua't dat 80%) la:

A 3584 lit B 5600 lit C 4480 lit D 2800 lit

(J) Siukhf CI2 vao diiiifi ciicli NaOH. ,,,,1 ^

(II) Sue khi CO2 vcio nitac Gia-ven ^, (III) C/w FejO, vao M HNO, loang ^j,, ,,

(IV) SiH • khi SO2 vao cUI Na.COj (V) Cho FeSO, va chmi> dich H2SO, due

So thi nghiem xay ra phan iJng oxi hoa - khiJ la: ' T

Cau 27: T h u y phan hoan to^n 0,1 mol este X cin dung vijra dii 300 ml dung dich

NaOH I M , thu dugc mot ancol va 89 gam h6n hgp mu6'i ciia hai axit beo Hai

axit beo do la

A Ci^HjiCOOH va C.^HijCOOH B C^Hj^COOH va C,7H„COOH

C C,7H3,COOH va C„H3,COOH D C „ H „ C O O H va C ^ H j C O O H

Cau 28: H6n hgp X gom andehit Y, axit cacboxylic Z va este T Dot chay hoan

toan 0,2 mol X cin dung vira dii 0,625 mol O, thu dugc 0,525 mol CO, va 0,525

mol H , 0 So mol ciia andehit Y chiia trong 0,2 mol X la

A 0,025 mol B 0,075 mol C 0,100 mol D 0,050 mol cau 29: D e phan biet hai khi S O , va C O , rieng le, khong the dung dung dich nao sau day?

A Dung dich Br, trong nudrc B Dung djch B a ( O H ) ,

C Dung dich I , trong nudic D Dung dich K M n 0 4

Cau 30: Chia 30,4 gam h6n hgp g6m Fe va C u thanh 2 phin bIng nhau PhSn 1 cho

tac dung het vai dung dich H,S04 dac, nong (du) thu dugc 6,72 lit SO, (san phaim khir duy nha't, dktc) Hoa tan phin 2 trong 550 ml dung dich A g N O j I M ,

ket thuc phan ling thu dugc dung djch Y Nong do mol ciia F e ( N 0 3 ) , trong dung djch Y (coi the tich dung djch khong thay doi trong qua trinh phan ung) la:

A 0 , 1 8 1 M B.O,363M C 0,182M D 0 , 0 9 1 M

Cau 31: Dien phan (dien cue tro, khong mang ngan, hieu sua't 100%) dung djch chua 0,15 mol C u ( N 0 3 ) , va 0,1 mol Fe(N03)3 bang dong dien c 6 cudmg do lOA

Khoi lugng catot tang len sau 5790 giay dien phan la: y

A 9,6 gam B. 9,8 gam C 15,2 gam D. 15,4 gam

' - ^ u 32: H5n hgp X gom axit huu co Y no, don chiic va axit hiru co Z hai chiJc (Y nhieu horn Z m6t nguyen tu cacbon) C h i a X thanh hai phSn bang nhau Cho

PhSn 1 tac dung hd't vdri Na, sinh ra 0,25 mol H, D6't chay hoan toan phSn 2,

sinh ra 0,7 mol CO, Cong thiic ca'u tao thu gon va phdn tram kh6'i lugng cua Z 'rong h6n hgp X la:

A HOOC - COOH va 55,42% B HOOC - C H j - COOH va 29,13%

C H O O C - CH2 - COOH va 70,87% D HOOC - COOH va 70,87%

245

dm nang On luyen thi BH 3 mjgn BJc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hipc - Cu Thanh Toan

Cau 33: Day gom cac dung dich rieng le (n6ng d6 mol moi dung djch 0,1M) dugc

sap xep theo thii tir do pH tang dSn tir rai sang phai la:

A H 2 S 0 4 , N a C l , H N 0 3 , N a 2 C 0 3 B HN03,Na2C03,NaCl,H2S04

C H 2 S 0 4 , H N 0 3 , N a C l , N a 2 C 0 3 D N a C l , N a 2 C 0 3 , H N 0 3 , H 2 S 0 4

Cau 34: Chat X kh6ng tac dung v6i Na, tham gia phan ting trang bac va c6ng horp

w6\m theo ti le mol 1:1 C6ng thiic ca'u tao thu gon cua X la:

A HOCH2CH = CHCHO B HCOOCH2CHO ^V7>

C. C H 2 = C H O C H 3 D HCOOCH = CH2

Cau 35: Tr6n m6t the tich vdi m6t th^ ti'ch anken thu duoc h6n hofp X T i khoi

cua X so vdi H , 1^ 7,5 D5n X di qua Ni nung nong thu duoc h6n hop khi Y c6 ti

kh6'i so voi H , la 9,375 Phdn tram khoi lirgng cua ankan trong Y la: ,

A 20% ' B 4 0 % C 60% D 25%

Cau 36: Cho h6n hop X gom K^O, NH4CI, KHCO, va CaCU (s6' mol m6i chat ddu

bang nhau) vao nu6c du, dun nong, thu diroc dung dich chiia

A KCl, K,C03, NH4CI B KCl, KOH

Cau 37: Cac nguydn t6' X, Y, Z, T c6 s6' hieu nguyen tiJf Mn luot la 14, 15, 16, 17

Day gdm cac phi kim x6'p theo chieu giam tinh oxi hoa tCr trai sang phai la:

A T , Y , X , Z B T , Z , Y , X C Z, T , Y, X D X, Y, Z, T

Cau 38: Trucmg hop khong xay ra phan umg hoa hoc la:

A Sue khi S O , vao dung dich KMn04

B Sue khi NO2 vao dung dich NaOH

C Sue khi O, vao dung dich K I

D Sue khi CO, vao dd Na[Al(OH)4] hay NaA10,.2H,0)

Cau 39: Cho 0,15 mol h6n hop X gom H^NCjHsCCOOH), (axit glutamic) va

(H3N)2C5Hc,COOH (lysin) vao 200 ml dung dich H C l I M , thu dugc dung dich Y

Y phan ling vira he't v6i 400 ml dung dich NaOH I M So mol axit glutamic trong

0,15 mol h6n hop X la:

A 0,100 B 0,075 C 0,050 D 0,125

cau 40: Ba chat huu co mach ho X , Y, Z c6 cung c6ng thiic phan tit CjHeO va co

cac tinh chat sau:

- X, Y deu phan ling vori dung djch brom trong H^O;

- X CO nhiet d6 soi cao hon Z

< Cac chat X, Y, Z Idn lirgt la:

A C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 0 H , C H 3 C O C H 3 , C H 3 C H 2 C H O

• B C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 0 H , C H 2 = C H O C H 3 , C H 3 C H 2 C H O

C CH2 - CHOCH3,CH3COCH3,CH3CH2CHO

D CH2 = CHCH20H,CH3CH2CHO,CH3COCH3

Cty TMHH MTV DWH Khang Vijt

j l PHAN R I E N G : Thi sinh dirge ohgn lam 1 trong 2 pMn (Phdn I hoac PhSn II) ph^n I Theo chuong t r i n h Chuan (10 cau, tit cau 41 den cau 50)

Cau 41: Hoa tan hoan toan 0,15 mol phen chua KA1(S04)2.12H20 vao nuoc, thu duoc dung dich X Cho toan bg X tac dung vdi 200 ml dung djch (Ba(OH)2 I M + NaOHlM), sau phan ling hoan toan thu dugc m gam k6't tiia

Gia tri ciia m la:

Cau 42: Cho sua't didn dgng chu^n E° ciia cac pin difn hoa: " "

E x - Y = l , l V ; E ^ _ z =0,78V;E^_2 = 0,46V (X, Y, Z, T la bo'n kim loai) Day

cac kim loai \6p theo chieu tang din tinh khu tir trai sang phai la:

A Y , Z , T , X B T , Z , X , Y C Z, T, X, Y D T, Z, Y, X

cau 43: Chia m gam h6n hop X gom FeS va CuS thanh hai ph^n bang nhau Cho

phSn 1 phan iJng vdri dung dich HCl (du), thu dugc 2,24 lit khi (dktc) Hoa tan

hd't phin 2 trong dung dich HNO3 loang (du), sinh ra 15,68 lit NO (san ph^m

khir duy nha't, dktc) Gia trj ciiam la: : 1, /

A 46,4 B 58,0 C 23,2 D 34,8 ) 'S?

Cau 44: Phat bieu dung la: ) • ; / ,

A Andehit axetic lam mat mau dung dich brom trong CCI4 , c ,

B Enzim mantaza xuc tac cho phan ung thuy phan mantozo thanh glucozo

C Cac dung dich peptit diu hoa tan Cu(0H)2 thu dugc phiic chat co mau tim dac

trung

D Khi thuy phan dd'n ciing protein don gian se cho h6n hgp cac amino axit

Cau 45: Cho cac chat sau: diety ete, vinyl axetat, saccarozo, tinh bdt, vinyl clorua, nilon -6,6 S6' chat trong day bi thuy phan trong m6i trucmg ki^m loang, nong la:

A 2 B 3 C.4 D.5

Cau 46: Phat bieu nao sau day diing? *

A Nhom bi thu d6ng co the hoa tan trong dung djch H2SO4 loang

B Nhom tan dugc trong dung dich NaOH la do nh6m phan ung true tiep vdi NaOH

C Crom la kim loai cihig nhat trong so cac kim loai

D Cho nhom vao dung dich chiia NaNO, va NaOH, dun nong nhe tha'y co khi khong mau hoa nau trong kh6ng khi thoat ra

C^u 47: Phat bieu nao sau day la dung?

A Cho tinh the' Nal vao dung djch H2SO4 dac, dun nong thu dugc HI ' ' ' ; B- Sue khi a , vao dung djch NaOH loang, nong thu dugc nude Gia-ven

C C6ng thu-c oxit cao nha't ciia flo la F2O7

E) Nudrc da co ca'u true mang tinh the phan tir

48: H6n hgp X g6m hai axit hffu co no, don chiic, mach ho Trung hoa 8,3

gam X bang dung djch NaOH r6i co can dung djch sau phan utig thu dugc 11,6

gam muoi khan Mat khac, ne'u cho 8,3 gam X tac dung vdri lugng du dung djch

AgNO, trong N H , thi thu dugc 21,6 gam bac C6ng thiic ciia hai axit la

247

cam nang On luygn thi DH 3 mi§n B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh Toin

A CH3COOH va C2H,COOH B HCOOH va CH3COOH

C C2H5COOH va C3H7COOH D HCOOH va C2H5COOH

Cau 49: D6't chay hoan loan hop chat hffu co X, thu duac CO, va H^O c6 ty I f nio|

tucmg ung la 1: 1 Biet X c6 phan ling voi CuCOH), trong m6i truomg kiim khi dun

nong Chat X la:

A.CH3CHO B OHC-CHO C CH3COCH3 D CH2=CHCH20H

Cau 50: Este X diroc di^u che tir mot ancol Y va mot amino axit Z Ti khdi hoi ciia

X so vdi H2 la 44,5 Cho 17,8 gam X phan iJng het vdi 250 ml dung djch NaOH

I M , thu duofc dung djch T C6 can dung djch T thu diroc m gam chat rSn khan

Gia trj cua m la:

A 19,4 B 21,4 C 24,2 D 27,2

Phan I I Theo chuong trinh Nang cao (Tir cau 51 den cau 60)

Cau 51: Y6'u t6' nao sau day khong anh hucmg d6'n t6'c d6 cua phan ling sau:

2 H 2 0 2 ( l ) - 2 H 2 0 ( l ) + 0 2 ( k )

A Ap sua't B Nong d6 H^O, C Chat xuc tac D Nhiet d6

Cau 52: Co cac phat h\iu sau:

(1) AgCl, AgBr, Agl deu tan trong dd NH, do tqo (ation phvtc [Ag(NH^jJ"^

(2) Nhunf> Id nhom vdo dung djch H2SO4 dav, ngudi thi Id nhdm tan dan

(3) Thach cao song c6 cong tin'rc hod hoc Id CaS04.2H20

* (4) Cac kirn loai kiem thodeu co cau true mang tinh the lap phuang tarn dien

S6 phat bieu dung la:

A 4 B 2 C 3 D 1

Cau 53: Cho 49,6 gam h6n hop X gom Cu, Fe, Fe.Oj vao dung djch H2SO4 loang

(du), khua'y deu cho cac phan urng xay ra hoan loan tha'y co 2,4 gam kim loai

kh6ng tan; 1,12 lit khi thoat ra (dktc) va thu duoc dung djch Y Cho dung djch

NHj tori du vao dung djch Y, loc kd't tua rdi nung trong khong khi dd'n khoi

luong kh6ng d6i con lai 40 gam chat rSn khan Ph^n tram kh6'i lucmg cua Cu

trong h6n hop X la:

A 4,83% B 20,64% C 24,19% D 17,74%

Cau 54: Day g6m cac chat d^u tac dung v6\H (xiic tac: HCl khan) la:

A Tinh b6t, xenluloza, fructoza, saccarozo

B Tinh b6t, saccarozo, glucozo, mantozo

C Glucozo, fructozo, mantozo, saccarozo

D Glucozo, fructozo, mantozo

Cau 55: Tir tinh dau hoa hong ngucfi ta tach duoc chat X Ket qua phan tich cho

tha'y X CO phan tram khdi luomg cac nguydn t6': 77,922% C; 11,688% H, con U''

la oxi Ti khdi hoi cua X so vdi H , la 77 Khi oxi hoa X boi dung djch KMnOi

trong H3SO4 loang, thu duoc san phdm hiJu co g6m axeton, axit oxalic va axi'

lenilic (CH3COCH2Q12COOH) C6ng thufc ca'u tao thu gon ciia X la:

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vigt

A (CH3)2C CHCH2C(CH3) = CHCH2CH2OH

B ( C H 3) 2 C = C H C H 2 C H 2 C ( C H 3 ) = C H C H 2 0 H o i f , ) / ;

C C H 3 C H 2 C(CH3) = CHCH2CH2CH - CHCH2OH H„ J i^mL : }

D C H 3 C H ( O H ) C H 2 C H 2 C H - C H - C H = C H C H 2 C H 3 ; o<

cau 56: Cho 9,1 gam chat hCai co X co cong thiJc phan til C j H c i O j N phan ihig vdi

100 ml dung djch NaOH 1,5M Sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, c6 can dung dich thu duoc 10,2 gam chat ran khan C6ng thiic ca'u tao thu gon ciia X la:

A C2H5COONH4 B CH3COONH3CH3

C C H 3 C H ( N H 2 ) C O O H D HCOONH3C2H5 ^

Cau 57: Cho so do chuyin hoa sau: -co" », t>

CAc chat X, Y, Z Idn luot la: h ^ ,

A. Crl3,Crl2,Na[Cr(OH)4](hay NaCr02.2H20)

B Cr2(S04)3,CrS04,Na[Cr(OH)4](hayNaCr02.2H20) HHT? v v

D Crl3,Crl2,Cr(OH)2 O.V^^

Cau 58: Co 4 cha't: (1) axit propionic, (2) axit acrylic, (3) phenol, (4) axit cacbonic

Chi^u giam tinh axit (tCr trai sang phai) cua cac cha't tren la:

Cau 60: Nung m gam h6n hop X gom C u ( N 0 3)2 va AgNOj trong binh kin khong

chiia khong khi, sau phan ling hoan toan thu duoc cha't rdn Y va 10,64 lit h6n

hop khi Z (dktc) Cho Y tac dung v6i dung djch HCl du, ket thiic phan ling con lai 16,2 gam cha't ran khong tan Gia trj ciia m la:

A 44,30 B 52,80 C 47,12 D 52,50

H I / 6 N G D A N G I A I

££u_l: Xet cac phuong an:

2NaCl * 2Na + CI2 (kh6ng sinh ra NaOH)

Lam nany on luyen tin DH 3 mien uAc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hgc - CD Thanh To&n

=> Phat bieu B diing

Cdu 3: PTHH xav ra:

(1) 3Na2C03 + 2A1(N03)3 + 3 H 2 0 - > 2 A 1 ( 0 H ) ^ i + 6 N a N 0 3 +3CO2

6NH3 +CUSO4 +2H20-^[Cu(NH3)J(OH)2 +(NH4)2S04

(3) 5H2S + 2KMn04 + 3H2SO4 5S [ +K2SO4 + 2MnS04 + 8H2O ,,

Dap an diing la D ,

Chu v.- 5H2S + 8KMn04 + 7H2SO4 » 4K2SO4 + 8MnS04 + 12H2O

0 +4 +6

San ph^m oxi hoa HiS c6 the la S; S; S

Cdu 4: V i nguyen tu X c6 11 electron p => X la:

Theobai ra: n ^ = 18,6/124 = 0,15 (mol) = nf^30H

=i> Phan tuf X CO vong benzen (n^^^ = 4) va c6 m6t nhom OH phenol (+NaOH)

va 1 nhom OH ancol hoac 1 nhom OH phenol va 1 nhom ete , , Vay cac ca'u tao cija X:

6) p - HO - C6H4 - O - CH3

HO - C6H4 - CH2OH + NaOH ^ NaO - C6H4 - CH2OH + H2O

HO - C6H4 - O - CH3 + NaOH ^ NaO - C6H4 - O - CH3 + H2O

Cdu 6: Khi thu duoc la CO2 :nco2 = 1,12/22,4 = 0,05(mol)

Ke't tiia la CaCOj: n^^co^ = 5 /100 = 0,05(mol)

HCl + Na2C03 NaCl + NaHC03

y ^ y ^ y (mol) HCl + NaHC03 -> NaCl + CO2 T + H2O

( x - y ) ( x - y ) ^ ( x - y ) NaHC03 +Ca(OH )2 ^CaC03 i +NaOH + H2O

V <-.•,

y - ( x - y ) Theo bai ra, ta c6:

AI2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O 2Na

Chat ran Z g6m: Fe^O, va Fe

Al(OH) I + 3H2 T

1,5(0,25-2x) Al(OH)^

951

C^m nang On luy^n thi DH 3 miin BJc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hqc - Cu inann roan

Theo bai ra, ta c6: l , 5 ( 0 , 2 5 - 2 x ) = 0,15 ^ x = 0 , 0 7 5

Vay:

+ Hieu sua't cua phan ung nhiet nh6m ( 0 , 2 5 / 2 < 0 , 1 5 / 1 =i> ti'nh theo A l ) :

0,25 ' + K h o i lircmg chat rdn Z : •

m = mF^203 + m p , = ( 0 , 1 5 - 0 , 0 7 5 ) ! 60 + 2 0 , 0 7 5 5 6 = 20,40(gam)

Dap an dung la A

Cdu8: Co so 66: M + O , ^ oxit

=>mo2 = l l , l - 6 , 3 = 4,8(g)=»no2 =0,15(mol)

Suy ra: ^ n ^ ( ^ , _ ) = n^(o^^) = 0,15.4 = 0,6 ( m o l )

(2) Tan trong nuoc

(3) Tham gia phan ung trang bac

(4) Hoa tan Cu(OH)2 6 nhiet do thuomg

Dap an dung la D

Cdu 10: Cac chat phan ung vdi FeCNOj), va NaOH:

2A1 + 3 F e ( N O 0 2 ^ 3Fe + 2A1(N03)3

2A1 + 2 N a O H + 6H2O ^ 2NaAl(OH)4 + 3H2

12HC1 + 9 F e ( N O 0 2 ^ 5Fe(N03)3 + 4FeCl3 + 3 N 0 + 6H2O

Theo bai ra: n^^o > " 0 0 2 ^ hidrocacbon Y la ankan C^H2n,+2

Cdch 2: Cach giai nhanh bai n^y:

" ^ ' "H20 > "CO2 Y la ankan (vl la chat long ntn n > 4) , ,

- S6'nguyen tiJr cacbon trung binh: nc = 0 , 4 5 / 0 , 1 = 4 , 5

=> Y CO so nguyen tir cacbon trong phan tir > 4,5 \

X CO so nguyen tir cacbon trong phan tir < 4,5 _

Dap an A dung .^^^^ _

Caull V I nH^o > nco2

=> ancol va ete d^u no, mach h6 v^ dom chiJc C „ H 2 n + 2 0 n :

T a c o : x = n H 2 0 - n c 0 2 = 0 , 9 9 - 0 , 8 1 = 0 , 1 8 (mol)

„ nco2 0,81 ^ ^

=> C6ng thu-c chung cua M la C4 ^H, , 0 (0,18 mol) ' - i'iO

C4 5 H , , 0 +6,7502 ^ 4 , 5 C 0 2 + 5 , 5 H 2 0 0,18(mol) 5 Vay: m =0,18.(12.4,5+ 1.11 + 1.16) = 14,58(g)

V = 0,18.6,75.22,4 = 27,216 (/)

Dap an diing la A ^

dm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mign B5C - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh ToAn

Chii y: Ancol no, ha, dom chiic va ete no, hd, dan chiic la d6ng phan nhom churc cua

nhau, d^u c6 c6ng thiic chung la C

„H2„+20-Khi dot chay thi nH20 > " 0 0 2 "ancoi.ete = "HaO - n c o 2 , ;

Cdu 13: Theobaira: HH^PQ^ = 0,1.1 = O,l(mol)

21,875.1,28.25

"NaOH —

C6n:

100.40 NaOH + H3PO4

N a H 2 P 0 4 + N a O H > N a 2 H P 0 4 + H j O

0,075 ^ 0,075 -> 0,075 0,025 0 0,075 (mol) Con:

Vay trong X c6 NaH2P04 va Na,HP04

Dap an dung 1^ A

Cdu 15: So do thuy phan pentapeptit X:

X Gly + 2Ala + 2Val

X

X

- > A l a - G l y +

- > G l y - V a l +

=> X CO doan: — Ala — Gly — Val —

vay cac CTCT phii hop ciia X la:

1) Ala — G l v — V a l — Val — Ala

3) Ala — Ala — G l v — V a l — Val

5) Ala — Val — Ala — Glv — Val

Dap an dung la D

2) Ala — G l v — V a l — Ala — Val

4) Val — Ala — G l v — V a l — Ala

6) Val — Ala — Ala — G l v — V a l

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi$t

Cdu 1^' ^" '""^ ""^ phan ung hoa hoc V i kim loai Fe

"""diuphan ling diroc vdi cac dung djch nay ndn d^u xua't hidn an mon hoa hoc:

1) Fe + 2 H C l ^ F e C l 2 + H2 T 2) Fe + 2FeCl3 ^ 3 F e C l 2 ' 3) Fe + 2 A g N O , Fe (NO3 \ 2Ag j 4) Fe + CUSO4 -> FeS04 + Cu j

£)ap an dung la A ^

0^: Tmcmg hop F e / d d A g N 0 3 F e / d d C u S 0 4 , liic dau xua't hien an mon hoa

hoc, sau do xua't hien an mon dien hoa (vi thoa man 3 dieu kien cua an mon dien hoa)

g g « / 7 : Dat X la RCOOH; Y la R'OH | ,

C^m nang On luyjn thi DH 3 mi^n B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hgc - Cii Thanh Tojin

Suy ra: n _ = 0,3.0,1 = 0,03(mol)

Trong dung dich X c6: 0,0125.2 = 0,025 molHSOJ

Cdu 19: Sad6: CMy + O, ^ CO, + H , 0

VI nguydn t6' oxi duoc bao toan nen:

" 0 ( 0 2 ) = "o(co2) + "o(H20) =^ " H 2 0 = 0,6(mol)

Suy ra: n,„,,„ = nH^o - " 0 0 2 = - = 0,2(mol)

Tacohe:

• [a + nb = 0,3 Di^u kien: a > 0,b > 0;n > 2 Cap nghiem ciia he phu thu6c n ' HCHO + 2 A g 2 0 ^ ^ 4 A g i+ H 2 C O 3

Vl 32,4 < 48,6 < 64,8

Dap an dung la B

Cau22: Theo bai ra: n^g =0,5 (mol);nH2 =0'0125 (mol)

HCOOCH = C H 2 + 2Ag20 " " 3 ,4Ag + C H 3 C O O H + C O 2

C H 3 C O O H + Na yCHjCOONa + 0,5H2 T

y - » 0,5y Taco: 0,5y = 0,0125=^y = 0,025

dm nanp On luygn thi DH 3 mi^n B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hQC - CCi Thanh Toan

(Tinh theo Fe vi Fe c6 kha nang h6't)

3Fe^+ + NO3 + 4H+ -> 3Fe^+ + NO + 2 H 2 O

Phan ling: 0,03 < - 0,01 ^ 0,04 ^ 0,03

(Tinh theo NOJ vi N O 3 c6 kha nang hd't)

Trong dung dich Y c6: 0,03 + 0,09 = 0,12 moK

(5) Poll (vinyl clorua)

(6) Poli (vinyl axetat)

Dap an diing la B

Chu y: Nilon-6 va to capron c6 c6ng thiic bi^u diin gi6'ng nhau '

_ NH - (CH )^ - CO .„ nhung chung khdng phai la m6t

+ Nilon-6 dugc di^u che' tir axit 6-aminohexanoic bang phan ling trung ngimg

+ To capron dugc difeu che tir caprolactam bang phan umg trung hgp

V i he s6' trung hgp trung binh (n) khac nhau n6n chung kh6ng th^ la m6t

CduJ6: PTHH xay ra:

7 5 " ^ + NaOH ^ NaCl + NaClO + HjO

CO2 + H 2 O + NaClO HCIO + NaHC03

Fe203 + 6 H N O 3 2Fe(N03 )^ + 3 H 2 O

SO2 + Na2C03 Na2S03 + CO2

2) 2FeS04 + 2 H 2 S O 4 ^ Fe2 (SO4 )^ + SO2 + 2 H 2 O

Dap an diing la C

Cdu 27: Theo bai ra: nf^^oH = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol) Tatha'y: n^^^^ - n N a O H = 1 : 3 = ^ X la este ba chiic EsteX-hNaOH^lancoH- 2 mu6'i

=> Este X dang (RiCOO)^ ( R 2 C 0 0 ) R '

Qdu28: V i n^^o = "002 =^ Y,Z,T d^u la hgp chat no, mach ho, don chiic

Dat andehit Y la C„H2„0 (x mol) axit Z va este T la C„H2n02 (y mol) Theo bai ra: x + y = 0,2 ( l )

V i nguydn t6' oxi dugc bao toan ndn:

S 0

" 0 ( Y ) + "O(Z.T) 0 ( 0 2 ) - " 0 ( C 0 2 ) + " 0 ( H 2 0 ) (AJV

259

Cdu 29 SO, phan irng dugc vdi dung djch Br,; dung dich I,, dung djch KMn04 (cac

dung djch nay bj nhat mau din):

SO2 + Br2 + 2 H 2 O H2SO4 + 2HBr '"^ !

SO2 + 1 2 + 2 H 2 0 - ^ H2SO4 + 2HI

5SO2 + 2KMn04 + 2 H 2 0 ^ K 2 S 0 4 + 2MnS04 + 2H2SO4

Con C O , kh6ng phan ting dugc v6i cac dung djch trdn Do do c6 the' phan bidt

CO, va SO, bang cac dung djch tren

Ca C O , va SO, d^u phan ung \6\g djch Ba(OH), (tao ra ke't tua trSng):

C O 2 + Ba(0H)2 BaCOj i + H 2 O

SO2 + Ba{0H)2 ^ BaSOj [ + H 2 O

Ndn kh6ng the dung dung djch Ba(OH), de' phSn biet hai khi C O , va SO,

Dap an dung la B

CM v: Cac dung djch kiem khac, C O , va SO, cQng d^u phan ling nhu nhau (hien

tirgng gi6'ng nhau)

Cdu 30 Trong m6i ph^n c6 30,4/ 2 = 15,2 (g) kim loai

* Phin II: nAgNOj = 0,55.1 = 0,55(mol)

Fe + 2AgN03 Fe(N03)2 + 2Ag j

( 0 , 6 - 0 , 1 - 0 , 3 ) (H* dugc sinh ra do qua trinh oxi hoa H , 0 6 catot:

2 H 2 0 - > 4 H + + 0 2 + 4 e

0,6 ^ 0,6(mol) Vay khdi lugng catot tang: m = m^u = 0,15.64 = 9,6(g) Ddp an diing la A

Chu y: - Ion bj khijf trudrc ion Fe"*

- dirge sinh ra do sir oxi hoa H , 0 cr anot:

2H2O ^ 4H+ + O2 + 4e

- S6' mol electron trao d6\: = It / F

Cdu 32: Gia sir Z la H O O C - C O O H \h C3H6O2

Goi y, z Idn lugt la s6' mol Y , Z trong m6i phSn

elm nang On luy^n thi PH 3 mjgn Bctc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cu Thanh Toan

Ta CO he: 0,5y + z = 0,25 ^ , =^ y < 0 loai

3z + 4y =0,7

Cdu 33: pH tang theo thu: tu cac dung dich: ' i l i

H2SO4 < H N O 3 < NaCl < Na2C03

Dap an dung la C ^ ,4p«* *•

- Khong CO nhom OH (COOH)

- Co nhom - CHO (HCOO) r

- Trong dung moi tro (nhu CCI4, ) thi:

HCOOCH = C H 2 + B r 2 — ^ ^ ^ H C O O C H B r-CH2Br chi xay ra phan ling

c6ng hop brom vao lifen kd't doi

Nd'u trong dung moi nuoc thi c6 thd' xay ra ca phan ling c6ng hop vao lifen kei

d6i C = C va ca phan iJng oxi hoa nhom HCOO-

Cdu 35: Dat cong thirc ciJa anken la C„H2n (x mol)=» s6 mol H , trong X la x mol

Phan ling: a -> a a (mol)

Con: x-a x-a a (mol)

Cty TMHH ^,1V DWH Khang Vijt

(Vi khoi luong h6n hop X bang khdi lugng h6n hop Y: my = m ^ = 28x + 2x ) Pap an diing la B

rffu 36: PTHH cac phan ilng xay ra:

Cdu 37: Ca'u hinh electron nguydn tir:

X ( Z = 14): [Ne]3s23p2 (Chu ki 3; nhom IVA)

Y ( Z = 15): [Ne]3s23p-^ (Chu ki 3, nhom VA) Z(Z = 16): [Ne]3s23p^ (Chu ki 3, nhom VIA) T(Z = 17): [Ne]3s^3p-'^ (Chu ki 3, nhom VIIA)

>1 '

Ti'nh phi kim tang d^n

=> Day xa'p theo chieu tinh oxi hoa giam ddn: T, Z , Y, X

Dap an diing la B * > »"i »

Cdu38: PTHH cac phan tag: ;| x

5 S 0 2 + 2 K M n 0 4 + 2 H 2 0 ^ K 2 S 0 4 + 2 M n S 0 4 + 2 H 2 S 0 4

2 N O 2 + 2 N a O H NaNOj + N a N 0 2 + H 2 O 3 j

O2 + K I > Kh6ng xay ra , , CO2 + Na[Al(OH)J-^ Al(OH)^ [ +NaHC03

Dap an diing la C

£ & « i ; 2 K I + O3 + H 2 O — I2 + 2 K O H + O2

£ d « i 9 : Theo bai ra: H H C I =0,2.1 = 0,2(mol); nNaOH = 0 ' 4 - l = 0,4(mol)

S6' mol NaOH di trung hoa nhom COOH ciia amino axit la:

0 , 4 - 0 , 2 = 0,2(mol)

263

C^m nana On luy$n thi DH 3 mign B^c - Trung - Nam m6n H6a h(?c - Cti Thanh Toan

CtyTNHH MIV DWH Khang Vijt

^IgM^i: Theo bai ra: n^^^^^^^ - 0 , 2 1 = 0 , 2 ( m o l ) ; H N ^ O H = 0 , 2 1 = 0 , 2 ( m o l )

=^n^^_ - 0 , 2 2 + 0 , 2 = 0 , 6 ( m o l ) ; n ^ 2 + = 0 , 2 ( m o l ) ;

n 3 + = 0 , 1 5 (mol); n 2 - ==0,15.2 = 0 , 3 (mol) Al" SO^

A P + + 3 0 H - - - A l ( O H ) 3 i A l ( O H ) 3 + O H " [ A 1 ( O H )

0 , 1 5 - > 0,45 ^ 0,15(mol) 0,15 ^ ( 0 , 6 - 0 , 4 5 )

=4> A l ( O H ) 3 bj tan hd't

Ba^^ + S O ^ - BaS04 [ 0,2 0 , 2 - ^ 0,2(mol) )^

=!.m = mB3so4 =0,2.233 = 46,6(g) 1 Dap an diing la C

Cdu 42: - K i m loai vifi't tru6c la cue am (anot), kim loai vid't sau la cue duong (kim

loai dong vai tro la cue am c6 tinh khir manh hon k i m loai dong vai tro cue duomg) => Tinh khijr: X > Y ; X > Z ; T > Z

- Pin CO E" cang Idm thi tinh khiJr ciia cac kim loai cang chenh Ifieh nhau nhieu

(hay noi each khae chiing cang xa nhau trdn day dien hoa)

- D o d o , t h u t u t r e n day dien hoa cua cac k i m loai: X > T > Z > Y

vay tinh khir tang din theo thu" tu Y, Z, T, X .,,

.4 i

dm nang 6n luy^n thi DH 3 mjgn Bile - Trumj 'JM: H I iloa hqc - CU Thanh Toan

Chu v.- Cac muoi sunfua cua cac kim loai nang nhir CuS, PbS, Ag.S, HgS, kh6ng

tan trong nirdrc va khong tan trong dung dich axit H C l , H 2 S O 4 loang

Cdu 44: - C H , C H O chi phan ling vdi Br, (lam mat mau nau ciia brom) khi c6 mat

cQa nude (ciing tham gia phan ling) hoac khi c6 mat axit axetic (xuc tac):

- Dipeptit + Cu(OH)3 Khong tao ra phufc chat mau tim

- Protein —""""^^ > peptit—"'""2° >a-aminoaxit

CMj: - Este b^n trong m6i trucfng kiim

- Saccaroza, tinh bot chi bi thuy phan trong m6i trircmg axit hoac c6 enzim xuc tac

- Vinyl clorua ( C H 2 = CH - C l ) chi bi thuy phan trong kiem dac, nong, ap suat

cao

Cdu 46: - Nhom bi thu d6ng (c6 mang oxit b^n bao vt) khdng con phan umg diroc

- Khi phan umg vdi dung dich kiem:

2A1 + 6 H 2 O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2

Al(OH)3 + N a O H - ^ N a [ A l ( O H ) ^

=> Nh6m kh6ng tac dung trirc tid'p vdi NaOH

- Crom la kim loai ciing nha't trong cac kim loai

- 8A1 + 5 N a O H + SNaNOj + 1 SHjO — ^ 8Na

z:i> Phat bieu diing la C

Dap an diing la C

A l ( O H ) J + 3NH3T

kh6ng m^u

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi?t

QduJZ - 2NaI + 2H2SO4 -> Na2S04 + I2 + SOj + 2 H 2 O

=> Khong thu dugc HI , 3CI2 + 6NaOH '" >5NaCl + NaC103 + 3 H 2 O ^'""^

=> Khdng thu dugc nude Javen

, Nguyen to flo khong tao dugc oxit cao nha't XjO, nhu cac halogen khac

, Nifdc da CO ca'u triic mang tinh the phan tir

Phat bieu diing la D

Dap an dung la D

Chu j : Cac oxit cua flo c6 c6ng thiic chung F2O,, (n = 1, 2, 3 va 4) ' ^ '

Cdu 48: VI X tham gia phan ling trang bac => X c6 axit fomic HCOOH

HC0QH + Ag20 ^"3 >2Agi + H2CQ3 0,1 ^ 21,6/108(mol) sn

Qhu± Andehit phan ling dugc vdi CU(0H)2 / 0 H ~ khi dun nong tao ra ket tiia do

Ca'm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mjgn BJc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cu Thanh ToAn

Cdu 51: Phan ting: 2 H 2 O 2 (l) y 2 H 2 0 ( l ) + O2 (k)

- Cac yS'u t6' n6ng do H2O2, chat xiic tac ( M n 0 2 ) nhiet d6 deu anh hucmg den t6'c

do phan umg tren

- Tuy phan u"ng c6 san phim la chat khi, nhung vi phan utig m6t chi^u ndn Ap sua't

khong anh huong den toe d6 phan ling

Dap an dung la A

Cdu 52: - Phat bieu (1) sai vi A g l khong tan trong dung djch N H 3

- Phat bi^u (2) sai vi A l bi thu d6ng trong H2SO4 dSc, ngu6i

- Thach cao s6'ng c6 thanh pMn CaS04 2H2O

- Phat bieu (4) sai vi cac kim loai kiem th6 (IIA) c6 kieu mang tinh the khac nhau

=> Co 1 phat bieu dung

Dap an diing la D

Cdu 53: Kim loai kh6ng tan la Cu dir

Khi thoat ra la H,: nH2 = 1,12/22,4 = 0,05 (mol)

Chat ran khan la Fe^O,: np^^Oj = 40/160 = 0,25 (mol)

t = 0,15;z = 0,05;y = 0,05;x = 0,2

vay %mcu/x =

(64.0,15)+ 2,4 1 0 0 49,6 = 24,19%

Dap an dung la C

Cdu 54: Cac hop chat cacbohidrat (gluxit) tac dung duoc vdi C H 3 O H (HCI xiic tac) khi trong vong c6 nhom OH hemiaxetal => cac chat do la glucozo, fructozo va mantozo

^M-H- X la geraniol c6 trong tinh dSu hoa hong

^ C T khai trien cua X la:

CH, — OH

269

elm naibi l u/ i - p l i i i ( I t ! -: ' H U M I i ' n im mfln H6a hpc - Cu Thanh Toan

Cdu 56: Theo bai ra: n ^ a O H = 0,1.1,5 = 0,15 ( m o l )

= 9 , 1 / 9 1 = 0 , 1 (mol) Uhg vdi CTPT CjHgO.N phai la mudi amoni ciia axit hihi co R C O O N H 4 hoac

mudi ciia amin v 6 i axit hiru co R C O O N H 4 = > UN^OH (phan ihig) = n ^ = 0,1 (mol

+ R C O O N H 4 (mudi amoni ciia axit hifu ca)

+ R C O O H 3 N R ' (mudi CLia amin vdi axit hiJu ccr)

Cdu 57: P T H H cac phan ling xay ra:

K2Cr207 + 6 K I + 7H2SO4 ^ 4 K 2 S O 4 + 3I2 + Cr2 (SO4 )^ + 7 H 2 O

Cty TMHH MTV DWH Khang Vigt

=^ H 2 N R ( C 0 0 H ) ^ la amino axit no, ho, co 1 nhom N H , va 1 nhom

Dap an diing la A • ' ' '''

Cdu 60: K h i Z gdm O,, N O : = 10,64/22,4 = 0,475 (mol) € , t,:

Chat ran khdng tan la A g : n^g = 16,2/108 = 0,15 ( m o l )

2Cu(N03 )2 — ^ 2 C u O + 4NO2 T + O2 T J'y ,",

=> Y gdm CuO, A g : CuO + 2 H C l - ^ C u C l 2 + H 2 0

A g + H C l » Khdng xay ra

y = 0,15 2x + 0,5x + y + 0,5y = 0,475

=>x = 0 , l ; y = 0,15 Vay m = 0,1.188 + 0,15.170 = 44,30(g)

E>ap an diing la A

Cam iiaiig on luyen ihi Dli :'• IIIUM! Mar liiimi Nam mOn H6a hpc - CCi Thanh Toiin

B O T H I S O 10

M O N HOA HOC K H O I A, B

(Trich de thi thi Idn 2- Tru&ng THPT Chuyen Dai hpc Vinh )

I PHAN CHUNG C H O T A T CA T H I SINH (40 cau, tir cau 1 den cau 40)

C a u 1: Cho h6n hop gom 0,1 mol alanin va 0,2 mol glyxin tac dung vdi 0,5 lit dung

djch NaOH I M sau phan ling thu duoc dung dich X Dem dung djch X tac dung

vdi dung djch HCl du, sau do c6 can cdn than thu diroc m gam chat rSn Gia tri

ciia m la:

A 68,3 B.49,2 C 70,6 D 64,1

Cau 2: Cho cac cap dung djch sau day vao nhau: mif

(1) NaAlO vao dung dich HCl du (2) CH^NH, vao dd FeClj

(3) AlClj vao dung djch Na, (4) NiCl vao dd N H , du

(5) CrCl., vao dd NaOH du (6) FeCl, vao dd Na.CO,

NhOng cap dung dich phan ling v6i nhau cud'i ciing tao ra k6't tiia hidroxit la

A.(2),(3),(4),(6) • B.(2),(3),(6) C.(l),(3),(6) D.(2),(3),(4)

C a u 3: Hop chat hiJu co X mach h6, c6 c6ng thiic phan tir C 4 H y 0 2 , X tac dung voi

brom trong CCU theo ti le mol 1:1 Gia trj nho nha't cua y la:

A 6 B 8 C 4 D 2

Cau 4: X la mot chat hCfu co, tir X bang m6t phan umg hoa hoc tao ra C 2 H , 0 H , tu

CjH^OH bang mot phan ting hoa hoc tao ra X Trong so cac chat:

CH3CHO;CH3COOC2H,;C2H4;C2H5Cl;C2H,ONa , s6' chat thoa man v6i dieu

kien ciia X la:

A 3 B 6 C.4 D 5

Cau 5: Cho h6n hop gom 0,15 mol Mg va 0,1 mol A l vao dung djch chira d6ng then

0,2 mol AgNO, va 0,25 mol CuCNOj), sau phan ling hoan toan thu duoc dung

djch X Cho NaOH du vao dung djch X thi khd'i luong kS't tiia tao ra la:

A 21,4 gam B 18,4 gam C 8,4 gam D 13,6 gam

Cau 6: Len men m gam glucozo vdi hieu sua't 80% thu duoc 44,8 lit khi CO (d dktc)

va V lit ancol etylic 23° (biet khdi luong ridng cua C2H<iOH la 0,8 gam/ml) Gia

trj ciJa m va V Idn luot la:

C&U 8: D6't chay hoan toan m gam m6t chat beo (triglixerit) c^n 0,805 mol O,, sinh

ra 0,57 mol CO va 0,53 mol H.O Cung m gam chat beo nay tac dung viira dii vdi dung djch NaOH thi khdi luong mud'i tao thanh la:

A 9,14 gam B 10,14 gam C 8,34 gam D 11,50 gam

CiiU 9' Cho 0,96 gam bdt Cu vao dung djch HNO3 dac, ndng (du) sau phan ung ha'p

thu hat khi thoat ra vao 0,4 lit dung djch KOH 0,1M thu duoc 0,4 lit dung djch

X Dung djch X cd gia trj pH la (bd qua su dien li ciia H2O va su thuy phan ciia

A 2,6 B 13,4 C l , 6 D 12,4

C^u 10: Khi ddt chay hoan toan hdn hop X gdm hai ancol da chUc d6ng ding cSn

V lit O, (d dktc), sau phan ung thu duoc 0,616 1ft CO, (d dktc) va 0,675 gam H,0 Gia tri cua V la: ' ' ,

A 0,924 B 1,624 C 0,812 D 0,700

Cau 11: Dan 0,5 mol hdn hop khi gom H va CO cd ti khd'i so vdi H la 4,5 qua dng

dung 0,4 mol Fe.O, va 0,2 mol CuO ddt ndng Sau phan ling hoan toan cho chat ran trong dng vao dung djch HNO3 loang, du thu duoc V lit khi NO (san phim

A 7,467 B 34,720 C 3,730 D 20,907

Cau 12: Hdn hop M gdm cac kirn loai Cr, A l , Mg, Cu La'y 50 gam M tac dung vdi dung djch HCl du thu duoc 186 gam mud'i va cd 3,2 gam chat ran khdng tan

Cung la'y 50 gam M tac dung hoan toan vdi khi clo thi thu duoc 199,85 gam

mud'i PMn trSm khdi luong cua Cr va Cu trong M l^n luot la:

lam ma't mau nude brom la

A axetilen, glucozo, etilen, but-2-in

B axetilen, glucozo, etilen, andehit axetic

C propin, glucozo, mantozo, vinylaxetilen

D glucozo, etilen, andehit axetic, fructozo

C4u 15: Cd cac dung djch ridng biet: Na2S04,Na2C03,NaCl,H2S04, BaCl2,NaOH,NaN03 Chi diing them quy tim cd the' nhan biet td'i da bao nhieu

dung djch trong sd cac dung djch tren? - i , ;

A 7 ' B.4 C.3 D 5

^ ^ u 16: Cdng thirc phan tijr cd nhi^u ddng phan mach hd nha't la:

A.C4H,oO B.C4H8O CCjHaO, D.C4H„N

273

Cau 17: Cho b6t Al vao dung dich NaOH c6 mat NaNO, thu duoc khi X, cho UTQ

vao nir6c sau do cho th6m dung dich HCl vao thu dugc khi Y Dem X va Y tac

dung v<^ nhau a nhiet do va ap sua't cao thu diroc Z Cac chat X, Y , Z lAn luot la;

A NH3,C02,(NH4)2C03 B N02,NH3,HN03

C N H 3 , C 0 2 , ( N H 2 ) 2 C O D H 2 , C 0 2 , C H 4

Cau 18: H6n hop X g6m metyl metacrylat, axit axetic, axit benzoic Dot chay hoan

toan a gam X sinh ra 0,38 mol COj va 0,29 mol HjO Khi la'y a gam X phan ihig

vira dii vdri dung dich NaOH thu diroc 0,01 mol ancol va m gam mu6'i Gia trj

cija m la:

^ A 12,02 B 11,75 C 12,16 D 25,00

Cau 19: Day g6m cac chat diu tan trong dung djch H2SO4 loang, du va dung dich

Ba(OH)2 du, sau phan ting hoan toan diu khong c6 ket tiia tao ra la:

A A l ( O H ) 3 , Z n , K , F e C l 2 , Z n O B NaCl,(NH4)2C03,Cr203,Zn,MgCl,

C Al203,BaO,K,Cr203,(NH4)2S D A l , Z n O , N a , K O H , N H 4 C l

cau 20: H6n hop X gom M2C03,MHC03 va MCI ( M la kim loai ki^m) Cho

32,65 gam X tac dung vira dii vdi dung djch HCl thu duoc dung dich Y va c6

17,6 gam CO2 thoat ra Dung djch Y tac dung vdi dung djch A g N O , du dugc

100,45 gam ket tua K i m loai M la

A R b B N a C L i D K

Cku 21: Cho 19,2 gam Cu tan he't trong liromg du dung dich H2SO4 dac, nong toan

b6 khi SO2 sinh ra ha'p thu trong 500 m l dung dich NaOH I M thu duoc dung

dich X T6ng khd'i luong mu6'i tao thanh trong dung dich X la:

A 31,5 gam B 35,6 gam C 31,2 gam D 33,4 gam

cau 22: Trong phan ung: A l + HNO3 A1(N03)3 + N2 + N H 4 N O 3 + H 2 O

Bie't rang ti 16 mol N , va NH4NO3 ciia phan ling do la 4:1, thi he s6' cua HNO,

(cac he s6' la nhOng s6' nguyen td'i gian) la:

A 120 B 58 C 174 D 144

Cau 23: H6n hop X g6m CH2O va H , DSn X di qua N i d6't nong thu duoc h6n hop

Y gdm hai chat hihi co, d6't chay he't Y thu duoc 0,4 mol H^O va 0,3 mol CO:

Phin tram th^ tich ciia H^ trong X la: 't

A 25% B 50% C 20% D 33,33% ^

Cau 24: Phan ung khong diing d^ d i l u che'cha't khi trong phong thi nghiem \h:

A FeS + H2SO4 (loang) B NH4NO3 + NaOH — ^

,0 ,0

C F e ( N 0 3 ) 2 — ! — > D M n 0 2 + H C 1 (dac) — — *

Cau 25: X va Y la hai chat hOu co chiia C, H , O trong do O chie'm 53,33% v^ khoi

luong va deu co kha nang tac dung v&i dung djch AgNOj/NHj Y la hop chat tap

chiic Trong do My = 2Mx Khi la'y 12 gam h6n hop 2 ch^t do tac aung vori dung

274

dich AgNOj/NHj du thu duoc 1 mol Ag Kh6'i luong chat hiru co sinh ra trong

phan u-ng trang bac la:

A 9,3 gam B 28,5 gam C 6,0 gam D 18,6 gam

Q^ii 26: H6n hop M chiia 3 chat hihi co X, Y, Z co cung nhom djnh chiic v6i c6ng

thiic phan tiif tuong ung CH40,C2H60,C3H803 D6't chay hoan toan mOt luong

M sau phan ung thu duoc 2,24 lit CO, (o dktc) va 2,7 gam H2O Mat khac 40 gam

M hoa tan toi da 9,8 gam Cu(OH)2 Phan tram kh6'i luong ciia X trong M la:

A 38% B 16% C 8% D 4 % Cau 27: Cap dung djch khong xay ra phan ung hoa hoc la: ; ; -,

A H2S + Pb(N03)2 B Ba(OH)2 + K2Cr04

C NaOH + K2Cr04 D K2Cr207 + HCl dac ;; Cau 28: Phan ung hoa hoc ma Hj the' hien tinh oxi hoa la: fc£,i '

A H2 B Dung djch H2SO4 loang, nong

C Dung djch Na2C03 dun nong D Dung djch Br2 , Cau 30: H6n hop X g6m propylamin, dietylamin va glyxin La'y m gam X tac dung

vira dii vdri 0,5 mol HCl Cung m gam X khi tac dung vdri axit nitro du thu dugc 4,48 lit N2 (o dktc) PhSn tram s6' mol ciia dietylamin trong X la:

A 40% B 6 0 % C 2 0 % D 25%

Cau 31: Cho m gam b6t A l vao c6'c chiia V lit dung djch NaOH 2 M , sau phan ung hoan toan cho tiep dung dich HCl vao c6'c do de'n khi chat ran tan he't tha'y cSn dung 800 ml dung djch H Q I M va cd 3,36 lit khi thoat ra (d dktc) Gia tri ciia m

A Nguyen tac chung de' di^u che' kim loai la oxi hod ion kim loai th^nh kim loai

B Trong su dien phan a catot xay ra su oxi hoa, a anot xay ra KU khir

275

Ca'ni i K i n g (v.) liiyOn Ihi D M 3 n i i C n Rrtc IIU'K; Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh Join

C Trong pin difin hoa d catot \h nai xay ra sir khir, con it anot 1^ noi xay ra sir

oxi hoa

D Khi hai kim loai tiep xiic vdri nhau thi kim loai yd'u hon se bi an mon dien

hoa

Cau 35: D6't h6n hop g6m 0,4 mol Fe va 0,2 mol Cu trong binh dung khi oxi, sau

m6t thori gian thu duoc m gam chat ran Dem chat rSn nay tac dung vdri dung

dich HCl du, sau phan ling hoan toan c6 3,36 lit khi thoat ra (d dktc) va 6,4 gam

kim loai kh6ng tan Gia trj ciia m la:

A 41,6 B 38,4 C 44,8 D 40,8

Cku 36: H6n hop M g6m vinyl axetilen va hidrocacbon X mach ho Khi d6't chay

hoan toan mdt luong M thu duoc so mol nude ga'p d6i s6' mol cua M Mat khac

dSn 8,96 lit M (d dktc) I6i tir tir qua nude brom du, dd'n phan ling hoan toan tha'y

C O 2,24 lit khi thoat ra (d dktc) Phin tram khdi luong cua X trong M la:

A 9,3% B 40,4% C 25,0% D 27,1%

Cau 37: Phat bieu diing la:

A Cho phenol tir tir vao dung dich NaOH du, tha'y phenol tan d^n tao dung dich

ddng nha't

B Anilin tac dung vdi axit nitro dun ndng tao mud'i diazoni

C Cho glyxylalanin vao Cu(OH)2 tha'y tao phdc mau tim dac trung

D Cho benzen vao nude brom tha'y nude bi ma't mau

Cau 38: Trong phan tir disaccarit, s6' thi} tu cua C d mdi gdc monosaccarit

A duoc ghi theo chi^u kim ddng hd

B duoc bat dSu tir nhdm CH.OH

C duoc ghi nhu d mdi monosaccarit hop thanh

D duoc bat dSu tir C lien ke't c5u vdi O nd'i li^n 2 gd'c monosaccarit

Cau 39: Cho cac chat: CuCOj, dung djch NaOH, dung dich HCl, CO Cac hoa chat

td'i thi^u c5n diing di dieu che'Cu bang phuong phap nhidt luyen la:

A CuCOj va dung dich HCl B CuCOj va CO

-Cau 40: Cho a mol N , va a mol H , vao binh kin cd san ch&t xuc tac, sau khi nung

ndng binh mdt thdi gian rdi dua v^ nhiet dd ban d5u tha'y ap sua't trong binh

giam 10% so vdi ap sii& trudc phan ling Hidu sua't t6ng hop NH31^:

A 10% B 20% C 40% D 30%

I I PHAN R I E N G : Thi sinh duoc chon lam 1 trong 2 phdn (PhSn I hoSc ?hin I I )

Ph^n I Theo chirong trinh Chuan (10 cau, tir cau 41 den cau 50)

Cau 41: Phat bi^u dung la:

A Phan amophot la hdn hop (NH4)2 HPO4 va KNO3

B Phan dam cung ca'p nitro cho cay trdng dudi dang NH4 hoac NO J

C Phan bdn supephotphat cd thanh phSn chinh la Ca3(P04)2

D Khi bdn phan dam cjio cay trdng thi ludn lam cho da't trd ntn chua

276

Cty INHH M I V UVVH Khang Vi^t

I

C^u 42: Dung dich X c6 pH = 1 chiia H Q 0 , 0 2 M va H , S 0 4 Dung djch Y cd pH =

13 chu-a K O H 0 , 0 2 5 M va Ba(OH), Cho V lit dung djch Y vao 0 , 1 0 0 lit dung dich X thu duoc dung djch cd pH = 12 va m gam ke't tiia Gia trj ciia V va m la:

A 0 , 1 2 2 va 1,006 B 0 , 1 4 va 0 , 9 3 2 C 0 , 1 2 2 va 0 , 9 3 2 D 0 , 1 1 0 va 0 , 8 7 4

Cau 43: Cho 9,1 gam kim loai M tan het vao dung djch HNO3 loang, du thu duoc

0 , 0 6 mol hdn hop 2 khi X va Y , cd khdi luong 2 , 0 8 gam vdi M x / M y = 1 , 4 6 7

Bie't trong dung djch thu duoc khdng cd mudi NH4NO3, kim loai M la:

A Z n B Cu C Ag D A l Cau 44: Mdt ancol no, da chiJc mach ho X cd n nguydn tijr cacbon va m nhdm O H trong phan tir Cho 3 , 8 gam X tac dung vdi luong du Na thu duoc 0 , 0 5 mol Ho

Bi6't n = m + 1 Sd cdng thuc ca'u tao thao man di^u kitn cua X la:

Cau 45: C d 3 dung djch rieng bidt: glucozo, fructozo, glixerol Thudc thir cin dung

phan biet 3 dung djch nay la: ( , r

A dd AgN03/NH3 va dd HCl B nude brom va dd AgNOj/NH,

C C u ( O H ) ^ O H va H D dd A g N O j / N H j va CuiOUyOK

Cau 46: Sd ddng phan ancol cd cdng thiic phan tu C3H12O khi tac dung vdi CuO,

dd't ndng tao san ph^m xeton la: -^yn-h 1

Cau 47: Chat hffu co X tac dung duoc vdi dung djch H C l va khi X tac dung vdi nude brom tao kd't tiia Ten goi eiia X la:

A anilin B alanin C phenol D etylamin

cau 48: Phan ung vtra tao ke't tiia vira cd khi bay ra \k: j

A MgS + H j O B BaO + NaHS04 ft \.i oi'^'.f

C K O H + C a( H C O 3 \ FeS04 + HNO3 '^Q^^,•

Cau 49: Cho cac can bang sau: ^./ff; i >

(1) PCI3 (rj,,) + C I , ,i(h,-) ^ PCI5 ,,j„) ,,• • (2) CO,|(hf) + H i O (khf) <^ C02(kh()+ Hidsho \\.' 1'

( 3 ) HT (khf) + I : (khi) *^ 2 H I ( K h o

4) N2(kho + 3H2(khf) ^ 2NH3,|,hf) ' - "

Cac can bang khong bj chuye'n djch khi chi thay d6i ap sua't la:

A ( 2 ) , ( 3 ) B ( 1 ) , ( 3 ) C ( 2 ) , ( 4 ) D ( 1 ) , ( 2 ) , ( 3 ) , ( 4 )

Cau 50: De san xua't 1 ta'n xenlulozo trinitrat tir luong du xenlulozo, thi cin khdi

luong dung djch HNO3 6 3 % la (bie't hieu sua't phan ling dat 8 0 % )

A 1,54 ta'n B 0 , 6 4 ta'n C 0 , 7 9 5 ta'n D 1 , 2 6 3 ta'n

Phan I I Theo chuong trinh Nang cao (Tir cau 51 den cau 60)

Cau 51: De san xua't 1 tan poli (metyl metacrylat) cin khdi luong axit metacrylic

tuong ling la (biet hieu sua't mdi phan ting deu dat 8 0 % ) :

A 1 , 3 4 4 ta'n va 0 , 5 0 ta'n B 1 , 0 7 5 ta'n va 0 , 4 0 ta'n *

C 1,31 ta'n va 0 , 5 8 ta'n D 0 , 8 6 ta'n va 0 , 3 2 ta'n

dm nang On luyjn thi BH 3 mjgn BJc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh Toan

Cau 52: Phat bieu nao sau day khong dung?

A Co th^ phan biet glucozo va fructozo bang phan ling trang bac

B Glucozo va fructozo la d6ng phan cau tao cua nhau

C Trong dung djch glucozo t6n tai 6 dang mach vong iru tifen hon dang mach ho

D Metyl a-glycozit khong th^ chuyen sang dang mach ho ' * '

C&u 53: Amino axit c6 kha nang tao k€t tua mau vang vdri dung djch HNO, la:

A tyrosin B lysin C alanin D axit glutamic

Cau 54: X la m6t peoxit kim loai ki^m c6 mau da cam, trong do oxi chiem 4 1 %

kh6'i luong Trong so 66 phan ling: X , >X +"2" , x ^ ^Xj ^X,

Cau 56: Khi cho hoa chat X vao tac dung vdi NaOH dir c6 sSn CrQ, thi sau phan

ling, dung djch thu duoc c6 mau vang Trong so cac chat Cl2,S03, O 3 , H2O2,

Br2,HCl,K2C03 , s6'hoa chat thoa man vdi d'liu k\6n cua X la:

A 7 B 6 C.5 D 4

Cau 57: Hoa tan hoan toan 36,3 gam Fe(N03)3 vao 144 gam nude thu duoc dung

djch X Lam lanh c^n than dung djch X thay tach ra 11,04 gam tinh the Y va

dung djch con lai c6 n6ng d6 17,16% Cong thuc hoa hoc ciia tinh the Y la:

A Fe(N03)3.3H20 B Fe(N03)3.9H20

C Fe(N03)3.7H20 D Fe(N03)3.12H20

CSiU 58: Day cac cha't duoc sSp xS'p theo chieu tinh bazo tang dSn la: '^^

A dimetylamin, etylamin, amoniac, anilin, p-nitroanilin >

B p-nitroanilin, anilin, amoniac, dimetylamin, etylamin

C amoniac, p-nitroanilin, anilin, etylamin, dimetylamin

D p-nitroanilin, anilin, amoniac, etylamin, dimetylamin

Cau 59: H6n hop M gom hai xeton X va Y Dot chay hoan toan 0;1 mol M thu

duoc dirdri 8,96 lit CO2 ( 0 dktc) M lam mat mau nude brom, nhirng khdng

dung vdi dung djch AgNOj trong NHj Cong thiic phan tir cua X va Y c6 the la:

A C3H,0 va C4H6O B. C3H4O va C4H6O

C C.H^O va C4H4O D C,H40 va C^Hfi

Cau 60: Phat bieu nao sau day khong diing?

A Chi CO tac dung ha'p thu tia gamma (y), nen dung de ngan can tia phdng xa

B Trong gang chura ham luong C nhieu hon trong thep

C Co th^ dung nude vdi trong de' phan biet hai khi CO, va SO,

D Ddng thau la hop kim ciia Cu - Zn dung d^ che' tao cac thid't bj trong c6ng

nghifp ddng tau bi^n

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi^t

H I / ( 5 N G D A N G I A I

Theobaira: n^aOH = 0 , 5 1 - 0 , 5 ( m o l ) NaOH + HCI NaCl + H 2 O

m = niNaCI + mciH3NCH2COOH +"lciH3NCH(CH3)COOH,, ,

=^m = 0,5.58,5+ 0,2.111,5+ 0,1.125,5 = 64,l(g) Dap an diing la D

Cau 2: PTHH cac phan ling xay ra:

Gia trj y nho nha't khi n.„ Idn nhat ' ' :(vi

Theo bai ra: X + Br, ^ ^ ] ^ > XBr

1:1 Phan tir X CO 1 lien ke't TTC_C (tiic la cd 1 lien ke't ddi C = C)

Vi X cd 2 nguyen tir O nen X cd the' cd 2 nhdm -CHO Cd 2 lien ke't -KC-O •

C>o dd, X cd tdi da 37t trong phan tir

dm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mifin B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh Toan

K h i do y = 1 0 - 3 2 = 4 (nho nha't)

Chu v; Cac C T C T cua X thoa man la:

O H C - C H = C H - C H O (c6 d6ng phan hinh hoc)

Chu v: C2H50Na + H 2 0 - * C 2 H 5 0 H + NaOH

Cat/ 5 : Thii tir trong day difen hoa:

Mg2+ /Mg;Al^+ / Al;Cu2+ /Cu;Ag+ / Ag

=> Thii tu phan umg hoa hoc xay ra:

Cty TNHH MTV DWH Khang Vi?t

A l (NO3), + 4NaOH ^ NaAl ( O H ) ^ + SNaNOj Kh6'i lugmg ket tiia thu duoc: m J = 0,15.58 + 0,05.98 = 13,6(g) E)ap an dung la D

Q06: Theo bai ra: n^o^ = 44,8/22,4 = 2 (mol) " ' o"- ^ ' ' ^

C 6 H , 2 0 , - ^ ^ 2 C 2 H , O H + 2 C 0 2 T '

1 - 2 <- 2 (mol) \

VI H = 80% n e n : m = H ^ = 225(g) ^'

80 - -AVI : 2.46.100 ^ :0 M^n^

0,8.23.1000 ^ ' Dap an dung la D

Chu y: K h i tfnh luong ancol etylic tif lirong C O , (trong phan iJng \€n men glucozo)

thi kh6ng lien quan tori hieu sua't phan ung

Cdu 7: Cac P T H H xay ra:

R X + N H 3 ^ R N H 2 + H X RNH2 + H X R N H 3 X ndn thirc te' la: R X + NH3 ^ RNH3X

- Cap X , Y cung C O the la:

( C 2 H , ) 2 N H 2 a va ( C 2 H 5 ) 2 N H (C2H,)3NHC1 v a (C2H5)3N - ; V

• Dfi'khongcheXla C j H ^ N H ^ C i thi N H 3 dir

Q^u8: Dat c6ng thiirc cijachat beo la C^HyO,

Trong m gam chat beo c6: n,- = tiQQ^ = 0,57 (mol)

dm nang On luygn thi DH 3 mign B&c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cii Thanh Toan

Cdu9: Theobai ra: n ^ ^ = 0 , 0 1 5 (mol);nKOH = 0 , 0 4 (mol)

Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(N03)2+2NO2 T+2H2O

1

2 3n + l - 2

Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vigt

0uJl:Sa66: H2(CO) + [o] >H20(C02)

0,5 0,5 (mol) Trong h6n hop oxit k i m loai c6 0,4 3+0,2 1 = 1,4 mol [ O ] * H'3;.H , )

^ H6n hop Hi, CO phan ung het

Qua trinh nhucmg electron cija Hi, CO:

+ 2e

0 (+2' + 1 +4

H2 CO > 2 H CO2 0,5 l ( m o l )

Cdu 12: *M + dung djch HCl (du):

M g + Cl2 - > M g C l 2

CU + CI2 -*CuCl2 0,05 ^ 0,05(mol) Tatha-y: mcuci2 + H I C K T I J - mc^,^ = 199,85-186

CSm nang On luy^n thi DH 3 mi^n BJc - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hpc - Cu Thanh loan

Cdu 13: Cac chat c6 d6ng phan hinh hoc:

Chu y; Cac chat kh6ng thoa di^u kiSn: etilen, but-2-in, fructozo

Cdu 15: Nhan bifi't cac chat:

- Dung dich lam quy tim hoa do la H 2 S O 4

- Dung dich tao ra bot khi khi cho H 2 S O 4 vao la NajCOj:

Na2C03 + H2SO4 ^ N a 2 S 0 4 + C O 2 T + H 2 O i

- Dung djch tao kfe't tija khi cho N a j C O j vao la BaCU: ^

BaCl2 + Na2C03 ^ BaC03 i + 2 N a C l + H j O

- Dung dich tao ket tua khi cho B a d , vao la Na2S04:

N a 2 S 0 4 + BaCl2 BaS04 i +2NaCl

- Dung djch con lai lam quy t i m hoa xanh la N a O H

=> Nhan biet duoc 5 dung djch

C H 3 N H C H ( C H 3 ) 2 (CH3)2 N C H 2 C H 3

HO '

C H 2 = C H O C H 2 C H 3 ;

C H 2 = C ( C H 3 ) O C H 3 ; ( C H 3 ) 2 C H C H O ;

£Mi: - C„H2nO (mach hor) c6 the' 1^ andehit no, ha, dan chiic, xeton no, ho, dan

chij-c, ancol khong no, ho, dan chiJc; ete khong no, hd, don chiic

" ^3^6^2 con CO the CO cac d6ng phan

dm nang 6n luygn thi DH 3 mign B&c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hgc - CCi Thanh Toan

H2 T + B a [ A l (OH)^ ]^ ^""^""^2 A l +"2^4 , AI2 {SO, \ f

BaZn02 ^ - l ^ ^ i ^ ^ Z n O - y i ^ ^ Z n S O ^ +

KOH< "'""^""'2 K O H +"2^04 , K 2 S 0 4 + H 2 0 ' HN'Fq ^

H2O + NH3 + B a a 2 < ^^^""^2 NH4CI +"2S04 , i^^^ci

Dap an diing la D

Chii v: Cac cha't kh6ng thoa man di^u ki6n la: FeClj (A);MgCl2 (B);BaO(C)

Cdu 20: Theo bai ra: 0 ^ 2 = 17,6/44 = 0,4 (mol)

Ke't tua la AgCl: n^gci = 100,45/143,5 = 0,7(mol) I

Theo PTHH ( 1 , 2) IX^^Q = nco2 = 0,4(mol) Vrrir.j tjv HO Hj «<§•.: •

Ap dung dinh luat bao loan khd'i luong cho ( 1 , 2): *• i ' " ''" ^

m x + ' " H C I = ' " M C I ( Y ) + "^002+"^820 O M l <v>

32,65 + 36,5(2x + y ) = ( M + 35,5).(2x + y + z) + 17,6 + 0,4.18 36,5(x + y ) + 36,5x - ( M + 35,5)(2x + y + z) = - 7 , 8 5

V i 1 < nf^jQf^ /nso2 < 2=> tao ra 2 mu6'i:

SO2 + NaOH NaHSOj SO2 + 2NaOH ^ Na2S03 + H2O

Ta CO he:

x + 2y = 0,5 ^ Tong khdi luong muoi tao thanh trong dung dich: ''^

in = 0,1.104 + 0,2.126 = 35,6(g)

Dap an dung la B

QS«22: Tach thanh 2 phan umg:

4x (lOAl + 36HNO3 ^ 10Al(NO3)3 +3N2 + I8H2O) ''"^ a'"^^'^ >':>^

8Al + 3OHNO3 8A1 (NO3 )3 + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O

dm naiii] on liiyen ihi Oil 3 mien Bjc Trung Nam mOn H6a hpc

V i 1 phan tu CH.O chuy^n thanh 1 phan tiJr COj

" ^ n c H 2 0 = "co2 =0,3 (mol) nH2 = 0 , 4 - 0 , 3 = 0,1 (mol)

vay % V H 2 / X = % " H 2 / X = ^ - 1 0 0 % = 25% %

Cdu 24: PTHH:

FeS + H2S04(1) >FeS04 + H2S T (di^u che' H3S)

N H 4 N O 3 + NaOH — ^ NaN03 + N H 3 T + H 2 O (dieu che NH3)

.0 4Fe(N03)2 2Fe203 + 8 N 0 2 T + 0 2 T

M n 0 2 + 4HC1 ——> MnCl2 + CI2 T +2H2O (di^u che' CU)

Dap an dung la C

Cdu 25: Dat c6ng thiic chung cua X, Y la RO, (R la g6c hidrocacbon, a e N * )

16a 53,33 Theo bai ra:

Gia six X la C H 2 0 ( H C H 0 ) => Y la C2H4O2 (vi M y = 2 M x ) t r ,

VI Y tap chiic n d n Y c6 ca'u tao H O - CH2 - C H O (X, Y d^u trang bac)

=> Trong 40 gam M c6 kx, ky, kz mol CH40,C2H60,C3Hg03

Bao toan cacbon x + 2y + 3z = 0,1 ( l ) Bao toan hidro ^ 2x + 3y + 4z = 0,15 (2)

X, Y , Z C l i n g nhom chiic => ciing nhom chiic O H (CH30H,C2H50H,C3H5 (OH)^)

••v./i

2C3H, (OH)^ + Cu(OH)2 ^ [C3H,(OH)^ O

kz 0,5kz

=^0,5kz = 0,l =^kz = 0,2 ( 3 ) Matkhac: 3 2 k x + 46ky + 92kz = 40

= » k ( 3 2 x + 46y + 92z) = 40 ( 4 )

T i r ( l , 2 , 3,4) - » x = 0 , 0 1 3 7 ; y = 0,0226

z = 0,0137; k = 14,6 Vay % khoi luong cua X trong M la:

0,0137.32.14,6.100%

CU + 2H2O

X 0 ' •: !

% " 1 X / M = Dap an diing la B

289

;>il (y

Cgm nang On luy$n thi DH 3 mign B^c - Trung - Nam mOn H6a hqc - Cu Thanh ToAn

Cdu 27: PTHH xay ra:

Na2C03 + H2O ^ NaOH + NaHC03

HCOOCH3 + NaOH — ^ HCOONa + CH3OH

HCOOCH3 + Br2 + H2O ^ [CH3HCO3] CH3OH + CO2

Dap an diing la A

Chu y: Nhom chiic este rat kho bi khir:

+ Chi bi khir boi LiAlH4, kim loai k i l m + ancol; hoac H^JAong cromit

+ Khong bi khir boi H ^ i , f

Cdu 30: Theo bai ra: = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2 (mol)

amin bac hai hop chat mau vang ; ?

Cdu 31: Theo bai ra: n^^Q =0,8.1 = 0,8 (mol) ^

Khithoatrala H2 : n H 2 = 3,36/22,4 = 0,15 (mol) 2A1 + 2NaOH + 6H2O ^ 2NaAl (OH)^ + 3H2 T

X —> x —> X (mol) NaAl(OH)^ + 4 H C l - ^ N a C l + A l C l 3 + 4 H 2 0

2A1 + 6HC1^2A1CI3+3H2 T

y ->3y l,5y

4x + 3y = 0,8 l,5y = 0,15 Vay: m = (x + y).27 = (0,125 + 0,l).27 = 6,075(g)

V = x / 2 = 0,125/2 = 0,0625(l) Dap an diing la A

ls-2s=2p*3s-3p-3dMs-=> X 0 nhom VIB (nguyen t6'd, c6 6 electron hoa tri)

=> Oxit cao nha't ciia X la XO3

E)ap an dung la D

2^«33: Theo bai ra: Hf^^oH = = 0.2 (mol) ng^^ =0,2.0,5 = 0,1 (mol); nkhf= 1,12/22,4 = 0,05 (mol)

CH2O2 chi CO ca'u tao HCOOH => Ca 3 chat cung loai nhom chiic axit COOH:

CH3 - COOH; CH2 = C H - C O O H ,

HCOOH + NaOH ^ HCOONa + H2O

CH3COOH + NaOH ^ CHjCOONa + H2O j vV

Chu y; Axit fomic bi oxi hoa bcfi nuf6c brom

Cdu 34: - Nguyen tSc chung diau che kim loai: /,

M""*'+ne >M (khiJr ion kim loai)

- Sir dien phan:

+ Catot (-): xay ra sir khir at

+ Anot (+): xay ra sir oxi hoa

- Pin dien hoa: /|

+ Catot (+): xay ra sir khir

+ Anot (-): Xay ra sir oxi hoa

- Neu dii di^u kien an mon dien hoa thi kim loai manh hon se bi an mon (oxi hoa)

=> Khang dinh dung la C ' j

Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vi^t

Qua trinh nhucmg electron:

-Chur.Fc^^Fc'+,Fc'+ +H.Cu.Fe ,p^2+

Cdu 36: Theo bai ra: n^, = 8,96/22,4 = 0,4 (mol) ^ 'I:

Khf thoat ra la hidrocacbon X => X la ankan (khong phan dug v6i dung dich Br,, mach ha),

anilin khong tao mu6'i diazoni

Glyxylalanin (dipeptit) + C U ( 0 H ) 2 ^ Khdng tao phu^c mau tim CgHg + Br2 —> Kh6ng xay ra

benzen nau (kh6ng mat mau) •

293

1

dm nang On luy^n tin i n i

J - Nam mfln H6a hpc - Cu Thar

=> Phat bi^u A diing

Dap an dung la A

Chii y: Benzen (dung moi hCfu ca hoa tan tot brom tao dung dich Br^/QHs) c6 the

lam nhat mau nu6c brom (neu ISc kT va de ISu) do Br2 bj chiet tCr dung moi nir6^,

sang dung m6i hiJu co Mau cua Br^/dung moi h&u co cung c6 mau tir vang nhai

den do n&u (tuy n6ng d6)

Cdu 38: Trong phSn tir disaccarit s6' thii tir cua nguyen tir cacbon a moi gg^

monosaccarit duoc ghi nhu 6 m6i monosaccarit hop thanh

a + a

, 0 , x

•2NH3

2x 2x (moi)

Chii y: Tinh hieu sua't phan ling tren theo H , (vi de duoc gia tri hieu suS't cao hem)

Cdu 41: - Amophot la h6n hop NH4H2PO4 va ( N H 4 ) 2 HPO4

- Phan dam cung ca'p nito cho cSy trdng du6i dang NH4 hoac NO J

- Supephophatcothanhphdnchinhla Ca(HP04)2

- Khi bon dam amoni thi co th^ lam da't chua, con khi bon dam nitrat hoac ure tin

kh6ng lam da't chua

=> Phat bieu diing la B I

0,1V (moi) = n<=: [ f m c !

0,01 (moi) (0,1V-0,01)

0,1V-0,01 = 0,01 (V +0,1) ^ 0 , 1 V - 0 , 0 1 = 0,01V+ 0,001

=^ 0,09V = 0,011 ^ V = 0,122(1)

PTHH: Ba2+ + SO^" > BaS04 [ Ban dSu: 0,0046 0,004 Phan ling: 0,004 < - 0,004 -> 0,004 (moi)

m = 0,004.233 = 0,932(g) Dap an diing la C

Cdu 43: * Xac dinh X, Y:

Vi M x / M Y = 1,467 =^ X la N20(44);Y la NO(30)

* Xac dinh s6'mol N2O (x mol),NO(y moi)

x + y = 0,06 44x + 30y = 2,08

* Qua trlnh nhucfng, nhan electron:

+ 3

N + 3e 0,12

J ,1'

+ 2

N 0,04 ,

9, In

M

= 0,16 + 0,12=0,28 Vay n = 2, M = 65 (Zn) Dap an diing la A

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