- Diễn tả một hànhđộng xảy ra trước mộthành động khác ởtrong quá khứ.. - Diễn tả một hànhđộng xảy ra trước mộtthời điểm trong quákhứ... 80 At A 7 yesterday morning B when I arrive C at h
Trang 1BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO THANH HÓA
TRƯỜNG THSC QUẢNG PHÚ
CHUYÊN ĐỀ NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH
ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10 NĂM 2021
Teacher: Phạm thị Oanh
Trang 3- There is a ten-hour train
every day in Long Bien
railway Station
- Diễn tả một sự thậthiển nhiên, một chân
lý luôn đúng
- Diễn tả sự việcthường xảy ra ở hiệntại
- Diễn tả những thóiquen, sở thích, tậpquán hay đặc tínhtrong hiện tại
- Dùng trong lịch trìnhtàu xe, thời khóa biểu/
gian biểu
usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never,…
- Every + time
- Sau until/ as soon as
Nguyên tắc thêm “es”sau V (S: he, she, it)hoặc N ( số nhiều)
- Từ tận cùng là /
sh/ch/s/ss/x/ thì thêm
“es”
eg: watch/watches,mix/ mixes
- they are building a super
market near my house
- At present Lam is
listening to the teacher,
An is writing a letter and
Kien is chatting merrily
- She is always talking
loudly in the class.
- Diễn tả một sự việcđang xảy ra tại thờiđiểm nói
- Diễn tả một sự việcđang xảy ra nhưngkhông nhất thiết tạithời điểm nói
- Diễn tả hai hay nhiềuhành động đang cùngxảy ra một lúc ở hiệntại
- Lưu ý: ta dùng
“always” trong thì này
để nhấn mạnh, phêbình, chỉ trích mộthành động tiêu cực,không tốt
Now, at the moment, at present, right now,today, this + time …
Note: Những Vchỉ cảm giác,cảm xúc khôngdùng trong cácthì tiếp diễn:
love, like, hate,smell, feel,…
Nguyên tắc thêm
“ing” vào sau V:
- V tận cùng là “e” thì
bỏ “e” trước khi thêm
“ing” Eg: write/writing, ride/ riding
- V tận cùng là “ee”,giữ nguyên thêm
“ing”
Eg: see/ seeing,agree/ agreeing
- V tận cùng là “ie”,đổi “ie” thành “y”trước khi thêm “ing” Eg: die/ dying, lie/lying
- V là phụ nguyên âm- phụ âm,thì gấp đôi phụ âmcuối trước khi thêm
âm-“ing”
Eg: stop/ stopping,rob/ robbing, plan/planning
- V có hai âm tiết,nếu trọng âm rơi vào
âm tiết thứ 2, thì gấpđôi phụ âm cuối trướckhi thêm “ing” Eg: begin/ beginning,
Trang 4prefer/ preferring,regret/ regretting,permit/ permitting
- V tận cùng là “l”, tathường gấp đôi “ll”trước khi thêm “ing” Eg: travel/ travelling,cancel/ cancelling
- He has just repaired the
TV set He is washing his
hand now
- Mai has learnt/ learned
English for 10 years
- Diễn tả một hànhđộng xảy ra trong quákhứ và còn liên quanđến hiện tại
- Diễn tả một hànhđộng xảy ra trong quákhứ, kéo dài đến hiệntại và có thể tiếp tụctrong tương lai
For, since, just, already, yet, recently, for a long time, for ages, ever, never,up to now, up to present,
- In the last +time (month/
- I have been walking
since early morning I am
very tired now
- Nhấn mạnh một hànhđộng xảy ra trong quákhứ, kéo dài đến hiệntại và có thể tiếp tụctrong tương lai
Since, for, for a long time, for ages,…
- Diễn tả một loạt cáchành động nối tiếpnhau trong quá khứ
- Ago, last, yesterday, in/
- V có phụ nguyên âm- phụ âm,
âm-ta gấp đôi phụ âmcuối trước khi thêm
“ed”
Eg: stop/ stopped,
Trang 5turned off the light and
then went to bed
rob/ robbed
- V có hai âm tiết,nếu trọng âm rơi vào
âm tiết thứ 2, ta gấpđôi phụ âm cuối trướckhi thêm “ed” Eg:prefer/ preferred,regret/ regretted
- V tận cùng là “l”, tathường gấp đôi “ll”trước khi thêm “ed” Eg: travel/ travelled,cancel/ cancelled
- While Tom Cat was
sleeping, Jerry Mouse
appeared and took a piece
of cheese away
- Diễn tả (những) hànhđộng đang xảy ra tạimột thời điểm xác địnhtrong quá khứ
- Diễn tả một hànhđộng đang xảy ra thì
có hành động khác xenvào
- Ago, last, at/
- When Henry came last
Sunday, Ann had left for
Paris
- This hospital had been
built for children before
1985
- Diễn tả một hànhđộng xảy ra trước mộthành động khác ởtrong quá khứ
- Diễn tả một hànhđộng xảy ra trước mộtthời điểm trong quákhứ
- Ago, last, at/
in/ on + time in
the past,…
- when, while,before, after
- Ago, last, at/
in/ on + time in
Trang 6- She had been waiting
for you for nearly three
hours before you were
present
hành động khác/ mộtthời điểm ở trong quákhứ
the past,…
- when, while
Simple
future (+) S + will/ shall + V + O
(-) S + will/ shall + not +
V + O
(?) Will/ Shall + S + V +
O?
Example:
- It is raining cats and
dogs, I will stay here till it
clears up
- I will help you when
you have trouble
- Will you stop talking
please?
- Quyết định sẽ làm gìngay tại thời điểm nói (không chắc chắn sẽxảy ra)
- Lời hứa hẹn làm gì,ngỏ ý giúp ai,…
- Yêu cầu ai làm gìmột cách lịch sự
Next, tomorrow, in/on + time in
- We are going to Finish
this course on August
- There are many black
clouds in the sky It is
going to rain
- I am studying Chinese
next year
- Kế hoạch, dự định đãđược sắp sẵn từ trước
- Dự đoán một việcchắc chắn sẽ sớm xảy
ra dựa vào tình huốngcủa hiện tại
Next, tomorrow, in/on + time in the future.
SVs/es
- Động từ “come, go”không được dùngtrong cấu trúc Be +going to + V
Example:
I am going to come/go to Hanoi
- When he comes back,
the children will be
sleeping
- Diễn tả/ dự đoán mộthành động sẽ đang xảy
ra tại một thời điểmtrong tương lai
tomorrow, in/on + time in
the future
SVs/es
Trang 7- When he returns, they
will have built this bridge
- By the end of this year,
my parents will have got
married for 50 years
- Diễn tả một hànhđộng sẽ xảy ra trướcmột thời điểm/ hànhđộng trong tương lai
Next, tomorrow, in/on + time in the future.
(-) S + will/ shall + not +
have + been + V-ing + O
(?) Will/ Shall + S +
have been + V-ing + O?
Example:
- By June he will have
been living here for 10
years
- Nhấn mạnh một hànhđộng sẽ xảy ra trướcmột thời điểm/ hànhđộng trong tương lai
Next, tomorrow, in/on + time in the future.
I Choose the word or phrase that best complete the sentence (A, B, C, or D):
1 John tennis once or twice a week.
A is playing usually B is usually playing
C usually plays D plays usually
2 Tom his hand when he was cooking dinner.
3 Jim is away on holiday He to Spain.
4 Everything is going well We any problems so far.
A didn’t have B don’t have C haven’t had D hadn’t had
5 I think the weather be nice later.
6 Jane just a few minutes ago.
7 Timson 13 films and I think her latest is the best.
8 Robert lately ?
A Did you see B Have you seen C Do you see D Are you seeing
9 When I was a child, I the violin.
A was playing B am playing C played D play
10 He for the national team in 65 matches so far.
A has played B has been played C played D is playing
11 I’m busy at the moment I on the computer.
12 When I looked round the door, the baby quietly.
A is sleeping B slept C was sleeping D were sleeping
13 Robert ill for three weeks He is still in hospital.
Trang 8A had been B has been C is D was
14 I’m very tired I over four hundred miles today.
A drive B am driving C have drived D have driven
15 Our friends meet us at the airport tonight.
16 This isn’t my first time to visit London here before.
17 What time to work this morning ?
A did you get B are you getting C have you got D do you get
18 When I him, the man was running away.
19 I haven’t seen Kate Christmas.
20 He’s worked for this company many years.
21 As soon as Martina saw the fire, she _ the fire department
A was telephoning B telephoned
C had telephoned D has telephoned
22 Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he _homesick
A will have left B felt C feels D is feeling
23 Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I _to visit friends and family several times
A return B will have returned C am returning D have returned
24 After the race _, the celebration began
A had been won B is won C will be won D has been won
25 While he was washing his car, Mr Brown _a small dint in the rear fender.
A has discovered B was discovering C is discovering D.
discovered
26 The earth _ on the sun for its heat and light
A is depended B depends C is depending D has depended
27 I’m busy at the moment _on the computer
A I work B I’m worked C I’m working D I worked
28 At this time tomorrow _over the Atlantic
A we’re flying B we’ll be flying C we’ll fly D we’re to fly
29 Our friends _next us at the airport tonight
30 When I entered the room, everyone _.
A has been dancing B was dancing C had danced D danced
31 He said that he _ his homework since 7 o’clock.
32 How long able to drive? - Since 1990.
A could you B have you been C were you D are you
33 She won't get married until she 25 years old.
34 This building used to be a library, _?
A doesn't it B didn’t it C isn’t it D wasn’t it
35 Nobody was injured in the accident, ?
36 Let's go out for a walk, ?
Trang 937 Jane and I school in 1987.
A finish B have finished C finishes D finished
38 John and Ann ……… married last Saturday
A get B got C is getting D have got
39 His brother ……… high school 6 years ago
A finish B finished C finishes D has finished
40 We have been living here ……… 1990
A for B from C since D during
41 Pasteur _ in the 19th century.
A was living B lived C had lived D has lived
42 .Now my sister _ a bicycle of her own.
43 Don’t bother me while I ………
A am working B was working C will work D will have completed
44 How since we school?
A are you / left B will you be / had left
C have you been / left D had you been/ had left
45 When he came
A I was watching TV B I watched TV
C I am watching TV D I have watched TV
46 The piano _ at the moment.
A repairs B repaired C is repaired D is being repaired
47 I saw Jack yesterday morning while I home from work.
A walked B was walking C am walking D had been walking
48 My brother out at weekend.
A doesn’t usually go B does usually not go
C doesn’t usually goes D usually doesn’t goes.
49 Everyday, my sister the floor.
A usually clean B cleans usually C usually cleaned D usually cleans
50 Your English ………… wonderfully since last month
A improved B was improved C have improved D has been improved
51 Anita very hard at the moment.
A is studying B studies C studied D has studied
52 He for London one year ago.
A left B has left C leaves D had left
53 She in Hue for twenty years.
A lives B has lived C lived D will live
54 I to the market with my mother yesterday.
55 How long you her? – For five months.
A do/know B are/knowing C have/known D had/known
56 I usually to school by bus.
57 Yesterday morning I up at 6.30.
58 Please don’t make so much noise I .
A studying B study C am studying D studied
59 Water at 100 degrees Celsius.
A boils B boiled C is boiling D will boil
60 It is raining now It began raining two hours ago So it for two hours.
A rains B is raining C has rained D rained
61 you out last night?
Trang 1062 This house 35,000 pounds in 1980.
63 While Tom tennis, Ann a shower.
A played/took B was playing/was taking
64 Mike is playing chess How long he ?
A did/play B is/playing C has/play D has/been playing
65 When they in the garden, the phone
A worked/was ringing B worked/rang
C were working/rang D work/rings
66 After they their breakfast, they shopping yesterday.
A have/go B had had/go C had/had gone D had had/went
67 They tea when the doorbell .
A have/is ringing B had had/ rang C were having/rang D having/ringing
68 Father his pipe while mother a magazine.
A smoked/read B was smoking/was reading
69 He in the same house since 1975.
A has lived B is living C lived D had lived
70 He to HCMC last year and I him since then.
A moved/didn’t see B moved/haven’t seen
C moves/haven’t seen D moved/hadn’t seen
71 We what to do with the money yet.
A not decide B haven’t decided C didn’t decide D hadn’t decided
72 My father as a teacher for thirty years.
73 Nam is a careful driver but yesterday he carelessly.
A drove B had driven C drives D was driving
74 Do you like swimming, Ba? – I when I was a child but not now.
75 I her at the school gate yesterday.
76 I don’t remember where and when I her.
77 They to know each other for more than ten years.
78 I the film with my friends last week.
A watched B watch C have watched D had watched
79 He up at five every morning.
80 she in Hue at the moment?
A Does/live B Is/living C Did/live D Was/living
81 He usually her at weekend but now he in bed because of his severe illness.
A visits/stays B visits/staying C visited/stays D visits/is staying
82 Don’t make noise, children! Parents .
A sleep B are sleeping C were sleeping D slept
83 Why you often so much noise in the house?
A do/make B did/make C are/making D were/making
84 What he before you came?
85 What he at 4pm last Sunday?
86 Last year he came here and me to marry him but I too young to get married.
Trang 11A asked/was B asks/am C had asked/was D has asked/am
87 How long you novels?
A have/write B do/write C have/written D are/writing
88 you sometimes out with friends?
A Are/going B Do/go C Have/gone D Did/go
89 I a lot of badminton recently.
A play B have played C am playing D was playing
90 We your mother for ages.
A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen
91 We our plan next week.
A started B will start C have started D will have started
92 They a house by June next year.
A will build B are building C have built D will have built
93 The film by the time we get there.
94 Tom to Hanoi before.
A is never B had never been C was never D has never been
95 When we came to the stadium, the match .
A already begins B had already begun
C already began D have already begun
96 It was the first time I such a beautiful girl.
A ever saw B had ever seen C have ever seen D ever see
97 She the gold medal in 1986.
98 I ……… in this town for 15 years My family ……… here when I …… 10 years old
A have been/moved/was B was/moved/was
C was/have moved/ have been D was/moved/have been
99 Thousands of people ……… this exhibition by the end of the month.
A will see B are going to see C will have seen D are seeing
100 She told me that her family ……… in that town long.
A lived B have lived C had lived D are living
II Choose the word or phrase that best complete the sentence (A, B, C, or D):
1) He for London one year ago.
2) She in Hue for twenty years.
3) I to the market with my mother yesterday.
4) What you , Nam? – I’m thinking of my mother.
A do/think B are/thinking C have/thought D were/thinking 5) How long you her? – For five months.
6) I usually to school by bus.
7) Yesterday morning I up at 6.30.
8) Please don’t make so much noise I .
9) Water at 100 degrees Celsius.
10) It is raining now It began raining two hours ago So it for two hours.
11) you out last night?
12) This house 35,000 pounds in 1980.
Trang 12A costs B cost C had cost D was cost
13) While Tom tennis, Ann a shower.
C was playing/was taking D was play/was take
14) Mike is playing chess How long he ?
A did/play B is/playing C has/play D has/been playing
15) When they in the garden, the phone
A worked/was ringing B were working/rang C worked/rang D work/rings 16) After they their breakfast, they shopping yesterday.
A have/go B had had/go C had/had gone D had had/went 17) They tea when the doorbell .
A have/is ringing B were having/rang C had had/ rang D having/ringing 18) Father his pipe while mother a magazine.
C was smoking/was reading D smoking/reading
19) When I into the office, my boss for me
A came/was waiting B was coming/waited
C had come/waited D came/waiting
20) When I Brian, he a taxi.
A see/drives B see/was driving C saw/was driving D saw/is driving 21) When he , we dinner.
A arrived/having B arrived/were having
C was arriving/had D had arrived/had
22) While they chess, we the shopping
23) They football when the lights in the stadium out
C were playing/ was going D playing/went
24) While George and John their room, she the ironing
25) Today is Thursday and she late twice this week She late yesterday and on Monday.
A is/was B has been/is C has been/was D has been/had been 26) He in the same house since 1975.
27) We him since he married.
A didn’t see/got B haven’t seen/got C don’t/get D hadn’t seen/got 28) It for two hours and the ground is too wet to play tennis.
A is raining B had rained C has rained D was raining 29) He to HCMC last year and I him since then
A moved/didn’t see B moves/haven’t seenC moved/haven’t seen D
moved/hadn’t seen
30) We what to do with the money yet.
A not decide B didn’t decide C haven’t decided D hadn’t decided 31) My father as a teacher for thirty years.
32) He to New York three times this year.
33) I how to dance when I six years old.
A don’t know / was B didn’t know / am
C didn’t know / was D haven’t known/was
34) Last month my brother me his photos He me his photos every year.
A sends/sent B sent/sends C sent/sent D sends/sends
Trang 1335) Nam is a careful driver but yesterday he carelessly.
36) Do you like swimming, Ba? – I when I was a child but not now.
37) I her at the school gate yesterday.
38) She English when she was six years old.
A learned B has learned C is learning D had learned 39) I don’t remember where and when I her.
40) They to know each other for more than ten years.
41) you that film yet?
42) I the film with my friends last week.
43) He up at five every morning.
44) she in Hue at the moment?
45) He usually her at weekend but now he in bed because of his severe illness.
A visits/stays B visits/staying C visited/stays D visits/is staying 46) Don’t make noise, children! Parents .
A sleep B are sleeping C were sleeping D slept
47) Why you often so much noise in the house?
48) What he before you came?
49) While mum was watching TV, I my homework.
50) At this time yesterday I to music.
A listened B had listened C was listening D am listening 51) What he at 4 P.m last Sunday?
52) When I a little girl, I used to climb trees and go swimming in the river with my friends.
A am B was C have been D had been
53) Last year he came here and me to marry him but I too young to get
55) you sometimes out with friends?
A Are/going B do/ go C Have/gone D Did/go
56) I a lot of badminton recently.
A play B have played C am playing D was playing
57) When I home, everyone TV.
A got/watch B got/watching C get/was watch D got/ was watching
58) We your mother for ages.
A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen
59) London a lot since we first to live here.
A changed/came B has changed/ came
C had changed/ came D has changed/ come
Trang 1460) How many times you this film? – The first time.
II Choose the part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting.
61) Yesterday David was crossing (A) a street when (B) a truck was turning (C) a corner
very fast and almost hit (D) him.
62) When Rita will get (A) her driver’s license next week (B), she will be able (C) to drive to school everyday (D).
63) So far (A) she spends (B) a lot of time there (C) chatting with (D) her friends.
64) Jack is living (A) in Spain now (B) His Spanish had improved (C) greatly since he
moved (D) there.
65) Last month(A) while we watched(B) an exciting game on(C) television in our living
room, the electricity went out (D).
66) I’m sure (A) they have completed (B) the new (C) road by (D) June.
67) At (A) this time tomorrow (B), they will do (C) their homework with their (D)
brothers.
68) We have seen (A) and tell (B) you the situation next (C) Monday Please wait for (D)
us.
69) Our (A) teacher explained (B) that lesson to (C) us tomorrow (D).
70) We will wait (A) for you when (B) you will get (C) back tomorrow (D).
71) I will practise(A) my English lesson with(B) my classmate at(C) 7pm next(D)
Sunday.
72) When I see (A) Mr Pike tomorrow (B), I remind (C) him of (D) that.
73) He works(A) on the(B) report at(C) this time tomorrow(D).
74) Please (A) sit here (B) and wait until (C) the manager will return (D).
75) Our parents arrived (A) next Wednesday I’m sure we will receive (B) a lot of (C)
presents from (D) them.
76) I gave (A) him your message (B) and letter when (C) I see him (D).
77) By (A) the time you arrive (B), I finish (C) writing an (D) essay.
78) We will be going (A) home as soon (B) as we have finished (C) our work (D).
79) Mr Green has taught (A) English this school since (B) he graduates (C) from the
university in (D)1986.
80) At (A) 7 yesterday morning (B) when I arrive (C) at his house, he was still sleeping
(D)
MỘT SỐ CÁCH PHÁT ÂM CƠ BẢN
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM " S" CUỐI: trong tr ường hợp danh từ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ng h p danh t s nhi u nhi u ho c ợp danh từ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ố nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ều nhiều hoặc động từ ều nhiều hoặc động từ ặc động từ động từ ng t ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ
s ít ố nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ
/ s / Khi đi sau các phụ âm sau: /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ ,// Hoặc các chữ cái: f, k,
p, t, th.
Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books
/ iz / Khi đi sau các âm sau: /s/, /∫/, / t∫/, /z/, / ʒ,/, /ʤ /, Hoặc các chữ cái: s,
Trang 15In spite of/ Despite + Noun/ Noun phrase/ V-ing
x, z, ch, sh, ce, ge, se
Ex: washes , kisses , oranges…
/ z / Không thuộc hai loại trên Ex: bags , kids , days …
Ngọai lệ: bình thường chữ “s” phát âm /s/, nhưng có những ngoại lệ cần nhớ:
- Chữ “s” đọc / z /sau các từ :busy, please, easy, present, desire, music, pleasant, desert, choose, reason, preserve, poison
-Chữ “s” đọc / ∫ / sau các từ: sugar, sure
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI: Đây là hình thức Past tense và Past participle:
1 “-ed ” pronounced as / id /: sau / t, d / : Thường sau chữ t, d Ex: wanted; decided
2 “-ed ” pronounced as / t /: sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫ , / hoặc chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch, gh
Ex: asked; stopped; laughed
3 “-ed ” pronounced as / d /: Trừ 2 trường hợp trên: Ex: moved; played; raised, used, Ngọai lệ : Đuôi -ed trong các tính từ sau được phát âm /id/: aged, learned, beloved, blessed, naked, wicked, dogged, sacred, hatred, rugged,
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI: Đây là hình thức Past tense và Past participle:
1 “-ed ” pronounced as / id /: sau / t, d / : Thường sau chữ t, d Ex: wanted; decided
2 “-ed ” pronounced as / t /: sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫ , / hoặc chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch, gh
Ex: asked; stopped; laughed
3 “-ed ” pronounced as / d /: Trừ 2 trường hợp trên: Ex: moved; played; raised, used, Ngọai lệ : Đuôi -ed trong các tính từ sau được phát âm /id/: aged, learned, beloved, blessed, naked, wicked, dogged, sacred, hatred, rugged,
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: CÁC CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ (PHRASES AND
Despite the bad weather, they enjoyed the
picnic In spite of his old age, he leads an active
life
Chú ý:
Cụm từ có ‘Despite’ hoặc ‘In spite of’ có thể được đặt trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính Nếu đứng trước
Trang 16Although/ though/ even though + S + V
mệnh đề chính, ta phải thêm dấu phẩy vào trước mệnh đề chính, nếu đứng sau mệnh đề chính, takhông cần thêm dấu phẩy
Ví dụ:
She couldn’t pass the exam despite studying hard
Despite studying hard, she couldn’t pass the
exam
b Mệnh đề
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ là mệnh đề phụ chỉ sự tương phản của 2 hành động trong câu Mệnh đề này thường bắt đầu với những từ nối: although, though, even though, no matter, whatever (dù, cho dù)
❖ Although, though, even though
Cấu trúc:
Ví dụ:
Although he is intelligent, he can’t do this puzzle
She couldn’t win the beauty contest even though she was beautiful
Chú ý:
- Đăng sau 3 cụm từ này phải là một mệnh đề hoàn chỉnh (có cả chủ ngữ và động từ)
- Các mệnh đề này có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính Nếu đứng trước mệnh đề chính, ta phải thêm dấu phấy vào trước mệnh đề chính, nếu đứng sau mệnh đề chính, ta không cần thêm dấu phẩy
Ví dụ:
Although the weather was cold, they enjoyed the picnic
Jane will be admitted to the university even though she has bad grades
Anna was fond of Jim though he often annoyed her
No matter, whatever
Cấu trúc:
No matter + who/ what/ when/ where/ why/ how (adj, adv) + S + V
= Whoever/ Whatever (+N)/ whenever/ whereever/ whyever/ however (adj/ adv) + S + V,
Ví dụ:
No matter who you are, I love you
= Whoever you are, I still love you
Whatever he says, I don’t believe him
= No matter what he say, I don’t believe him
Trang 17S + be/ V + too + adj/ adv + to V
- Cụm từ thường được sử dụng nhất là because of.
- Các cụm từ này có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính, mang nghĩa là ‘vì, do’ Nếu đứngtrước mệnh đề chính, ta phải thêm dấu phẩy vào trước mệnh đề chính, nếu đứng sau mệnh đề chính, takhông cần thêm dấu phấy
Ví dụ:
Jane was late because of the rain.
= Because of the rain, Jane was late
Because of the traffic jam, the students arrived late.
The project has to be abandoned due to a lack of government
funding Owing to his illness, he could not continue with his
He came ten minutes late because he missed the first bus.
As the weather was bad, they didn’t take part in the trip.
He is too short to play basketball
Tom ran too slowly to become the winner of the race
This book is too dull for you to read
Lưu ý: Cấu trúc này thường dùng với nghĩa phủ định
Trang 18V i danh t ới danh từ đếm được số nhiều: ừ đếm được số nhiều: đếm được số nhiều: được số nhiều: ố nhiều: m c s nhi u: ều:
S + V + so + many/ few + plural countable noun + that + S + V
V i danh t không ới danh từ đếm được số nhiều: ừ đếm được số nhiều: đếm được số nhiều: đưọc: m c:
S + V + so + much/ little + uncountable noun + that + S + V
S + V + so + adj + a + singular countable noun + that
S + V + such + (a/an) + adj + N + that + S + V
She speaks Spanish well enough to be an interpreter
It is cold enough to wear a heavy jacket
b Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả
Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả là mệnh đề phụ được dùng đề chỉ kết quả do hành động của mệnh đề chính gây ra:
❖ so that (quá đến nỗi)
S + be/ V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V
Ví dụ:
It was so dark that I couldn't see anything
The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class
Chú ý: Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là các động từ chỉ tri giác như look, appear, seem, feel,
taste, smell, sound, ta dùng công thức với động từ to be
Ví dụ:
The little girl looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for her
The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more
Nếu trong câu có many, much, few, little thì ta có cấu trúc:
Ví dụ:
The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team
I had so few ion offers that is wasn't difficult to select one
There are so many people in the room that I feel tired
Ví dụ:
He has invested so much money in the project that he can't abandon it now
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat
Chú ý: Một cấu trúc khác của so that
Ví dụ:
It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors
It was so interesting a book that he couldn't put it down
such that (quá đến nỗi)
Ví dụ:
It was such a hot day that we decided to stay at home
She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her
There are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one
It is such an intelligent boy that we all admire him
This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it
4 Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ mục đích
a C m t ụm từ ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ
Khẳng định S + V + to/ in order to/ so as to + V Phủ định S + V + in order not to/ so as not to + V
Trang 19Ví dụ:
He went to France to study French.
He does morning exercises in order to improve his health.
She is hurrying so as not to miss the bus.
Chú ý: Giới từ for cũng dùng để chỉ mục đích
- For + Noun: cũng có thể được dùng để nói đến mục đích của ai khi làm việc gì đó.
Ví dụ: I went to the store for some bread.
- For + O + to-inf dùng để nói đến mục đích liên quan hành động của người khác
Ví dụ: I gave him my address I wanted him to write to me.
I gave him my address for him to write to me
b. M nh ệnh đề đều nhiều hoặc động từ
Khẳng định S + V + so that/ in order that + S + will/ can/ would/ could + V
Phủ định S + V + so that/ in order that + S + will/ can/ would/ could + not + V
Ví dụ:
I’ll try my best to study English so that I can find a better
job I put the milk in the fridge in order that it won’t
spoil.
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
Exercise 1: Change from in spite of/ despite although/though/even though.
1 Despite my warning, they went ahead with their plan
Exercise 2: Change from although/ though/ even though in spite of/ despite, starting as available.
1 Although he was tired, he walked to the
station Despite
2 Although it was noisy, the children slept
well The children
3 Though Linda earned a low salary, she gave money to her
parents In spite of
Trang 204 Tom went to work even though he didn’t feel very
9 Even though he is a little overweight, he is actually
quite fit Despite
10 Although politicians are necessary for democracy, they are still liars and
thieves In spite of
Exercise 3: Circle the correct answers.
1 Valencia is a fantastic place although/ despite being too hot in July and August
2 Cars are very useful in the city though/ in spite of they are expensive.
3 She’s a great person in spite of/ even though getting jealous over stupid things sometimes
4 In spite of/ despite of getting the highest result in the class, John still had problems with the teacher
5 The best things in life are free though/ even though love is often very expensive
6 I phone my brother in Thailand using Skype nearly every day despite/ though the time difference.
7 In spite/ In spite of losing her way twice, she arrived safely.
8 Although/ in spite of the fact the sun was shining, the water was cold.
9 Despite/ although he being hard working, Kevin failed the examination.
10 We stayed up late, in spite of/ although we were tired.
Exercise 4: Choose the correct answers.
1 Tom wakes his parents up playing the guitar very softly
2 Many people believe him he often tells a lie
3 she was very hard working; she hardly earned enough to feed her family
4 her poorness, she feels happy
5 I went to the club last Saturday the heavy rain
6 In spite of his hard work, he could not finish the job
7 Despite the fact that it rained, we enjoyed our trip
8 Tom went to work although he didn’t feel very well
A that he did not feel very well B despite of the fact not feeling well
C because he did not feel very well D despite not feeling very well
9 Although he is very old, he can walk to the station
C Despite the fact that he is old D All are correct
Trang 2110 I have tried hard but I can’t earn enough money.
A Although I have tried hard, but I can’t earn enough money
B Although I have tried hard, I can’t earn enough money
C In spite of I have tried hard, I can’t earn enough money
D Despite I have tried hard, but I can’t earn enough money
11 She stayed at home because her mother was sick
A Despite her sick mother, she stayed at home
B Because of her sick mother, she stayed at home
C In spite of her sick mother, she stayed at home
D A & C are correct
12 Although he took a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert
A Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi
B Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi
C In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert
D Although Bill took a taxi, he can’t come to the concert in time
13 In spite of his suffering from a bad cold, William went to school
A Although William suffers from a bad cold, he went to school
B Although William suffered from a bad cold, he went to school
C William went to school although he is suffering from a bad cold
D William went to school; he suffered from a bad cold although
14 Despite the fact that it was snowing, I felt warm
A In spite snowing, I felt warm B In spite of feeling warm, it was snowing
C Although it was snowing, I felt warm D Although I felt warm, it was snowing
15 Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed
A Despite he tried hard, he didn’t succeed
B In spite of he tried hard, he didn’t succeed
C In spite of trying hard, he didn’t succeed
D Even though he tried hard, but he didn’t succeed
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences keeping the same meaning.
1 Although she didn’t want to see The Lord of the Rings, she enjoyed it in the end
Trang 22you are tired, you can sleep immediately you told lies, I still
cannot forgive you
beautiful you are, I still consider you as my sister you need, I will
stand by you
you go, you must be home before 10
you have done, he still does not believe you tired I was, I didn’t
sleep
you come from, I still consider you as my family
Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers.
1 He got wet he forgot his umbrella
2 He stops working heavy raining
3 They have a lot of difficulties in their life their poverty
4 Jill and Jolly were happy it was their both birthday party that day
5 Nobody could hear her she spoke too quietly
6 We decided to leave early the party was boring
7 We all feel sad the bad news
8 John lost his job his laziness
9 We can't go to Julia's party we're going away that weekend
10 Nam was absent from class yesterday he felt sick
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.
1 The boy can’t reach the shelf he’s not tall enough
2 She couldn’t unlock it she had the wrong key
3 Nam failed the final exam he was lazy
Trang 23A while B though C because D but
4 We watched TV the whole evening we had nothing better to do
5 We didn’t go for a walk it was very cold
6 They decided not to go out for a meal they were too tired
7 I’m learning English I want to get a better job
8 Last night we came to the show late the traffic was terrible
9 Lan couldn’t pass the exam she is too lazy
10 his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1 We delayed our trip the bad weather
2 Sue’s eyes were red she had been crying
3 My mother is always complaining the untidiness of my room
4 The water in most river is unsafe to drink it’s polluted
5 The trees were bend over the wind
6 You can’t enter this secure areas you don’t have an official permit
7 It’s unsafe to travel in that country the ongoing civil war
8 Several people in the crowd became ill and fainted the extreme heat
9 Mark didn’t go to work yesterday he didn’t feel well
10 We couldn’t get into the disco the enormous crowd
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1 I went home early I was feeling unwell
2 We decided not to go out for a meal we were simply too tired
3 I couldn’t get to sleep the noise
4 He only accepted the job the salary, which was very high
5 Sarah can’t climb up the tree her fear of heights
6 his age, John was not hired he had the necessary qualifications
7 Mary came to class late her motorbike had a puncture
8 Sandy didn’t go to school yesterday she was sick
9 She went to bed early her tiredness
10 I couldn’t do the test it was too difficult
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1 He didn’t come because of his sickness
Trang 247 These students arrive late because of the bad traffic.
Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1 Kevin has failed many times, so he disappointed
Exercise 1: Complete the second sentence with (not) too/ enough + adj/adv so that it has the same
meaning as the first one.
1 The weather is fine Mary and her little brother can go to school
The weather is for Mary and her little brother to go to school
2 The sun is not warm We can’t live
on it The sun is for us to live
on
3 The water is quite warm I can
drink it The water is for me to
drink
4 The weather is so bad that we can’t
go out The weather is for us to go
out
5 The film was so boring that we couldn’t go on seeing it
The film was for us to go on seeing it
6 He was so old that he couldn’t
run fast He was to run fast
Trang 257 You speak so fast that I can’t catch up with your
words You speak for us me to catch up with your
words
8 It is so early that we can’t
go out It is for us to go
out
9 The film was very boring We left before the end
The film was for us to leave before the end
10 The water is so hot that I can’t
drink it The water is for me to
drink
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences using too.
1 This soup is very hot We can’t eat it
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences using enough.
1 These oranges are ripe You can eat them
Trang 2610 They were very tired, so they stopped working?
Exercise 4: Tick to the correct sentences and correct the wrong sentences.
1 He studied so badly that he couldn’t pass the exam
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences using too or enough.
1 The question was very hard We couldn’t answer it
Trang 274 These shoes are very small I can’t wear them.
2.3.2 : SO THAT AND SUCH THAT
Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences with such that.
1 The room is so untidy that it took us one hour to clean it
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences with so that.
1 The coffee is extremely hot The children can’t drink it
Trang 288 The tests were quite difficult We couldn’t do them.
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences, beginning as available.
1 The woman was so poor that she needs everyone’s
6 The speaker gave a long talk Most of the audience felt
sleepy The talk
7 We watched an exciting competition We didn’t want to go
home The competition
8 It was an excellent show We all
enjoyed it The show
9 His letter was rude I didn’t know what to
think His letter
10 The train was so slow It would have been faster to
walk It
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with so/such/such a.
1 It’s difficult to understand him because he speaks quietly
2 I like Liz and Joe They’re nice people
3 It was a great holiday We had good time
4 I was surprised that he looked well after his recent illness
5 Everything is expensive these days, isn’t it?
6 The weather is beautiful, isn’t it? I didn’t expect it to be nice day
7 I have to go I didn’t realise it was late
8 He always looks good He wears nice clothes
9 It was boring film that I felt asleep while I was watching it
10 I couldn’t believe the news It was shock
11 I think she works too hard She looks tired all the time
12 The food at the hotel was awful I’ve never eaten awful food
13 They’ve got much money they don’t know what to do with it
14 I didn’t realise you lived long way from the city centre
15 The party was really great It was pity you couldn’t come
Exercise 5: Choose the correct answer.
1 He was so/such shy that he didn’t want to go to the party.
2 The dress was so/such small that I couldn’t wear it.
3 It was so/such a lovely night that we stayed outside until late.
Trang 294 It was so/such a long journey that we feel asleep.
5 She was so/such busy that she couldn’t have lunch.
6 The cat is so/such fat that it can’t walk.
7 She is so/such a good teacher that all the students like her.
8 I had so/such a terrible headache that I spent the whole day in bed.
9 It was so/such a boring book that I couldn’t finish reading it.
10 The weather was so/such hot that we couldn’t sleep at night.
Exercise 6: Tick to the correct sentences and Underline the mistake in each sentence.
1 I didn’t know you had so a big house
2 I’ve never met such a kind people as your family
3 It’s been such terrible weather that the farmers haven’t been able to grow anything
4 If you weren’t such impatient, things would be better for you
5 He always makes so fool of himself as nobody wants to make friends with him
6 He always makes such a stupid mistakes
7 He had such a fast car that he travelled everywhere in no time
8 It’s so late and I won’t be able to catch my usual train
9 He speaks so fast that I can understand nothing he says
10 I have such much work that I can’t go out
11 Why are you making so many noise?
12 He works so a hard that he looks exhausted most of the time
13 There were so many people on the bus that I couldn’t find an empty seat
14 If you keep on practicing so much, you’ll make a lot of progress
15 He is so an idiot that everybody ignores him
Exercise 1: Match the sentences, using in order to/ so as to/ to.
1 The boys stood on the desks They wanted to get a better view
Exercise 2: Match the sentences, using so that/in order that.
1 Mary often goes home as soon as the class is over She doesn’t want her mother to wait for her
Trang 30Exercise 3: Change from phrase into clause.
1 We hurried to school so as not to be late
Exercise 4: Change from clause into phrase, suing phrase in the parentheses.
1 People use money so that they can buy things they need (in order to)
Trang 318 He stood on the chair so that she can see better (in order to)
Exercise 5: Choose the correct answers.
1 I moved to the front of the room I could see better
2 He opened the window let fresh air in
3 He turned out the light waste electricity
4 I am lighting the fire so that the house be warm when they return
5 Mary worked hard pass the examination
6 She is taking science course at school order to choose science for her profession
7 She weighed herself know the pull of the earth exerting on her
8 He hurried so that he miss the train
9 He does morning exercises regularly to improve his health
10 Mary took her brother to school for him English
Exercise 6: Choose the correct answers.
1 We have to start early we won’t be late
2 The school boys are in hurry they will not be late for school
3 We set off early we wouldn’t get stuck in the traffic
4 My mother went to London see my aunt’s family
5 Julie saves money buy a new motorbike
6 Sarah went to the photocopy shop print out her research report
7 He studies very hard
A in order to fail the examination B so that to get knowledge
C so as not to pass examination D in order that he could be illiterate
8 “I spoke slowly The foreigner could understand me.” Means:
A I spoke slowly so that the foreigner could understand me
B I spoke slowly in order to the foreigner could understand me
C I spoke slowly that the foreigner could understand me
D I spoke slowly to make the foreigner could understand me
9 He had to explain the lesson very clearly
A in order that his students to understand it B so that his students could understand it
Trang 32S + V + as + adj/adv + as +
S + be/ V + adj/ adv-er + than +
S1 + more + adj/ adv + than +
S + V + the + adj-est/ adv-est
S + V + the most + adj/ adv
C so as his students to understand it D so that his students to understand it
10 He hurried to the station He didn’t want to miss the train
A He hurried to the station so that he couldn’t miss the train
B He hurried to the station in order that he couldn’t miss the train
C He hurried to the station not to miss the train
D All are correct
- She is as tall as I am = She is as tall as me (Cô ấy cao bằng tôi.)
- He runs as quickly as I do = He runs as quickly as me (Anh ấy chạy nhanh như tôi.)
- Your dress is as long as my dress = Your dress is as long as mine (Váy của bạn dài bằng váy của
- This book is thicker than that one (Cuốn sách này dày hơn cuốn sách kia.)
- They work harder than I do = They work harder than me (Họ làm việc chăm chỉ hơn tôi.)
b So sánh hơn với tính từ dài và trạng từ dài:
Cấu trúc:
Ví dụ:
- He is more intelligent than I am = He is more intelligent than me (Anh ấy thông minh hơn tôi.)
- My friend did the test more carefully than I did = My friend did the test more carefully than
me (Bạn tôi làm bài kiểm tra cẩn thận hơn tôi.)
3 So sánh nhất với tính từ và trạng từ.
+ So sánh hơn nhất với tính từ ngắn và trạng từ ngắn:
Cấu trúc:
Ví dụ:
- It is the darkest time in my life (Đó là khoảng thời gian tăm tối nhất trong cuộc đời tôi.)
- He runs the fastest in my class (Anh ấy chạy nhanh nhất lớp tôi.)
+ So sánh hơn nhất đối với tính từ dài và trạng từ dài:
Cấu trúc:
Ví dụ:
- She is the most beautiful girl I’ve ever met (Cô ấy là cô gái xinh nhất mà tôi từng gặp.)
Trang 33- He drives the most carelessly among US (Anh ấy lái xe ẩu nhất trong số chúng tôi.)
Chú ý:
+ M t s tính t có 2 âm ti t nh ng có t n cùng l “y, le, ow, er” khi s d ng so ộng từ ố nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ết nhưng có tận cùng là “y, le, ow, er” khi sử dụng ở so ư ận cùng là “y, le, ow, er” khi sử dụng ở so à “y, le, ow, er” khi sử dụng ở so ử dụng ở so ụm từ ở so sánh h n hay so sánh h n nh t ta áp d ng c u trúc so sánh h n c a tính t ng n ất ta áp dụng cấu trúc so sánh hơn của tính từ ngắn ụm từ ất ta áp dụng cấu trúc so sánh hơn của tính từ ngắn ủa tính từ ngắn ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ắn.
Ví dụ:
- Now they are happier than they were before (Bây giờ họ hạnh phúc hơn trước kia.)
Ta thấy “happy” là một tính từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng khi sử dụng so sánh hơn, ta sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh hơn của tính từ ngắn
+ M t s tính t v tr ng t b t quy t c ộng từ ố nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ à “y, le, ow, er” khi sử dụng ở so ạng từ bất quy tắc ừ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ ất ta áp dụng cấu trúc so sánh hơn của tính từ ngắn ắn.
Tính từ/ Trạng từ So sánh hơn So sánh hơn nhất
good/wellbad/ badlymuch/ many
a little/ littlefar
betterworsemorelessfarther/ further
the bestthe worstthe mostthe leastthe farthest/ furthest
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Exercise 1: Give the correct form of the adjectives and adverbs in brackets.
1 This chair is (comfortable) than that one
2 You flat is (large) than mine
3 The weather today is (hot) than it was yesterday
4 The Nile is (long) river in the world
5 Chinese bicycles are (bad) than Japanese ones
6 Mathematics is (difficult) than English
7 Ho Chi Minh is (big) city in Vietnam
8 He drives (carefully) than his friend
9 She sings (beautifully) in this school
10 I read (slow) than my sister
Exercise 2: Give the correct form of the adjectives and adverbs in brackets.
1 Grace is (old) girl in our class
2 This exercise is (easy) than that one
3 He is twice (fat) you
4 Nam is (noisy) student of all
5 My cold is (good) today than it was yesterday.
6 A new house is (expensive) than an old one.
7 Of the four ties, I like the red one (well)
8 Nobody is (happy) than Miss Snow
9 Today English is (international) of languages
10 John is (strong) as I thought
Exercise 3: Choose the correct answers.
1 Hotels have developed restaurants
Trang 34A as rapidly as B so rapidly as C as rapid as D more rapid
2 Can Tho bridge is the one in the South of Vietnam
3 Albert Einstein’s contributions to scientific theory were those of Gelileo and Newton
A important than B more important C the most important D as important as
4 Impalas cannot move as cheetahs but they are more efficient runners
5 Of the two shirts, this one is
A the prettiest B the most pretty C prettier D the prettier
6 The test is not
A as difficult as it was last month B so difficult as it was last month
C more difficult as it was last month D Both A and B are correct
7 Peter cannot earn his wife
8 Of the five students, Mary is
9 Steel is than wood
10 A supermarket is a shopping center
Exercise 4: Choose the correct answers.
1 Tim's grades are than John
2 Ms Jones isn’t as nice Ms Smith
3 The rooms in Graduate Towers are Patterson Hall
4 Tuition at an American university runs six thousand dollars a semester
5 Everyone looks much today than they did yesterday
6 Mr Brown receives a salary than anyone else in the company
7 The Boeing 747 is twice the Boeing 707
8 “Do you know that beautiful lady over there?” “Yes, that’s Maria She’s in her group.”
A more beautiful than any girl B more beautiful than any other girl
C so beautiful as other girl D beautiful more than another girl
9 My young brother grew very quickly and soon he was my mother
10 Dianna is the of the three sisters
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences keeping the same meaning, beginning as available.
1 My kitchen is smaller than
yours Your kitchen
Trang 352 No one in the class is taller than
Dave Dave is
3 Mum doesn’t speak English as well as
Dad Dad
4 Lan is better cook than
Hoa Hoa can’t
5 No restaurant in the city is better than that one
That restaurant is
6 This watch is worse than
that one That watch
7 My sister writes more carefully than
she did My sister
8 This story is more interesting than any other story that I have ever
read This is the
9 She is the most beautiful girl I have ever
known I’ve never
10 Peter does not drive so carefully as
Tom Tom
Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences keeping the same meaning, beginning as available.
1 Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees Today it’s only six
5 Tom is the best football player in this
team Nobody in this team
6 They understand more than
we do We
7 It is much more difficult to speak English than to speak
French To speak
8 My interview lasted longer than
yours Your interview
9 When I was younger, I used to go climbing more than 1 do
now Now
10 Your coffee is not as good as
mine My coffee
Exercise 7: Underline the mistake in each sentence.
1 Richard feels good than several days ago
2 Mary and Daisy are both intelligent students Mary is so intelligent as Daisy
3 I found the conversation as most interesting and I was glad to practice my English
4 The Caspian Sea, a salt lake, is largest than any other lakes in the world
5 He drives the car more dangerous than his brother does
Trang 366 It was the most biggest building that I had ever seen.
7 I wish my house were so large as John’s
8 The Mekong is one of the longer rivers in the world
9 She can play the piano more good than her sister
10 Many people believe that New York is the most great city in America
Exercise 8: Underline the mistake in each sentence.
1 Jessica is only an amateur, but she sings well than most professionals
2 This house is more spacious as that white house I bought in Rapid City, South Dakota last year
3 Lan is the more capable of the three girls who have tried out for the part in the play
4 This telephone isn’t as cheap so the other one, but it work much better
5 Stories are the most good way of teaching moral lessons to young people
6 This exercise is much more easier than the others
7 London is much more exciting as I expected
8 That brown chair is most comfortable than this one
9 Lan is the most pretty of all the girls
10 Does your country have worse weather as this?
I Choose the letter A, B, C, D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 1 She speaks English as as her friend does.
Question 2 It’s to go by bus than by car.
A cheaper B cheapest C more cheap D more cheaper
Question 3 The test is not difficult it was last year.
Question 4 He works more than she does.
Question 5 This hotel must be in this city.
C the most expensive D the more expensive
Question 6 This river is than that river.
A narrow B narrowest C narrower D most narrow
Question 7 Did you know your English teacher and your mother are the same ?
Question 8 This hotel was that one we had stayed at before.
A more expensive than B more expensive as
C most expensive than D better expensive than
Question 9 Today is the day of the month.
Question 10 Her illness is than we thought at first.
II Fill in the correct form of the adjectives in brackets (comparative or superlative).
Question 11 This chair is _ than the old one (comfortable)
Question 12 Trains are _ than planes (slow)
Question 13 I bought the _ car I could afford (expensive)
Question 14 In this classroom there are _ girls than boys (many)
Question 15 Ann is the _ child in the family (young)
Question 16 That TV set is the _ of all (cheap)
Trang 37Question 17 This place is _ than that one (safe)
Question 18 Lisa is _ than Kate (pretty)
Question 19 This is the _ film I have ever seen (exciting)
Question 20 Tom is _ than Peter (talented)
III Complete the sentences with the correct comparative form of the words from the box.
bad important crowded high heavy difficult expensive easy
-thin - coldQuestion 21 In Canada, January is _ than February.
Question 22 I think that good health is _ than money.
Question 23 I can’t carry my suitcase It’s _ than yours.
Question 24 A car is _ than a bike.
Question 25 You look _ than the last time I saw you Have you lost weight?
Question 26 I couldn’t get a seat in the restaurant It was _ than usual
Question 27 Mountains are _ than hills
Question 28 He got good marks in the exam The exam was _ than he had expected Question 29 I think you should go to the doctor Your cold is _ than it was a few days ago Question 30 I don’t understand this lesson It is _ than I think.
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4: CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT (REPORTED
SPEECH)
Câu tường thuật được dùng để tường thuật lại một lời nói của ai đó
1 Một số lưu ý khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
- Sự chuyển đổi về thì.
- Sự chuyển đổi của các trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn.
last week the week before next week/ the week after
Trang 38this that
Chú ý: Đa phần các động từ tường thuật đều ở quá khứ Tuy vậy, đôi khi động từ tường thuật có thể
ở thì hiện tại Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại thì ta không lùi thì Ngoài ra ta phải chuyển đổingôi sao cho phù hợp với từng tình huống
Ví dụ: Tom said “I will go to England tomorrow”.
Tom said (that) he would go to England the next day
Ví dụ: Mary says ‘I am from England”.
Mary says (that) she is from England
2 Các dạng câu tường thuật.
a Câu khẳng định và phủ định
Động từ tường thuật thường là said/told
Ví dụ: He said, “I have seen her today.”
He said (that) he had seen her that day
Ví dụ: The teacher said to Peter, “The prize was not given to you.”
The teacher told Peter (that) the prize had not been given to him
Chú ý: said to told
b Câu hỏi
Động từ tường thuật thường là asked/ wondered/ wanted to know
- Với dạng câu Yes/ No question.
Ví dụ: She asked me, “Do you like reading books?”
She asked me if I liked reading books
Ví dụ: He said, “Can you speak English,
Mary?”
He asked Mary whether she could speak English
- Với dạng câu Wh question.
Ví dụ: He said, “What is her name?”
He asked what her name was
Ví dụ: She said to him, “Where do you live?”
She asked him where he lived
c Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu, đề nghị, lời khuyên :
Động từ tường thuật thường là told/ asked/ ordered/ commanded, requested
Khẳng định: S + asked/ told + O + to V-inf Phủ định: S + asked/ told + O + not to V-inf
Ví dụ: The teacher said, “Answer the question, Nam.”
The teacher told Nam to answer the question
Ví dụ: Nam said to his friend, “Don’t shut the
Trang 39 She exclaimed/ said that it was a lovely
garden Or She exclaimed/ said that the garden
was lovely
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Exercise 1: Change into reported speech: normal type.
1 Nam said, “I was at school after 7 o’clock last night.”
10 Her classmate said “Lan is the most intelligent girl in our class”
Exercise 2: Change into reported speech: normal type.
1 They told us “Our friends will get the award for their highest scores”
Exercise 3: Change into reported speech: question: yes/no question.
1 “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter
2 “Does she like sports?” Hoa asked Lan
Trang 403 “Do your sister and brother go to the same school?” She asked Nam
Exercise 4: Change into reported speech: question: wh-question.
1 “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me
2 “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan
Exercise 5: Change into reported speech: request.
1 Teacher to John “Write that exercise
carefully” Teachers requested
2 Mrs Green said “Please sing at our party,
Mary” Mrs Green invited
3 Teacher to John “Be careful Think before you
answer” Teachers requested
4 Tom “Read my exercise, John, and tell me if it is
correct” Tom requested
5 She said to him, “Give me another glass of
wine” She requested
6 “It is cold here, is the window open?” He asked
me He requested