Direct: She said, “ Do you go to school today, my son?” Reported: She asked her son if he went to school that day.. forced.[r]
Trang 1Chapter 1 : wish clause
I - Định nghĩa: Câu ao ớc là câu diễn tả một mong ớc,một mong ớc không có thực
hoặc khó có thể xẩy ra
II – Phân loại:
1 Câu ao ớc ở hiện tại: Để diễn đạt ớc muốn không có thực ở hiện tại ngời ta dùng thì quá khứ của động từ trong mệnh đề đứng sau wish
I don’t know EnglishI wish I knew English
He watches this film He wish he didn’t watch this film
2 Câu ao ớc ở quá khứ: Dùng để diễn tả ớc muốn không có thực ở quá khứ
ng-ời ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành trong mệnh đề đứng sau wish
money yesterday
I wish I had money yesterday
3 Câu ao ớc ở tơng lai : Để diễn tả một ớc muốn không có thực ở tơng lai
I won’t love her
I wish I would love her
* Note: IF ONLY (Giỏ mà) Cỏch sử dụng giống với WISH
She can’t come tomorrow
She wish she could come tomorrow
If only she could come tomorrow
III – Cách làm: Đê chuyển câu dới dạng biểu đạt câu ớc muốn ta tiến hành theo các bớcsau:
1 Xác định câu đã cho ở thì nào thì câu ớc muốn ở thì đó
2 Câu đã cho viết ở thức thể nào thì câu ớc muốn sẽ ở dạng ngợc lại(câu đã cho ở khẳng định thì câu ớc muốn ở phủ định và ngợc lại)
3 Đối chiếu công thức của câu ớc muốn và hoàn thành câu
Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same
S 1 + Wish + S 2 + had + V(ed/3)
S 1 + Wish + S 2 + would + V(base form)
Trang 220 The “Y and Y” club cancels the meeting.
The members wish
21 Lan can not run as fast as her friends
She wishes 22.Thang has to stay home because of her sickness
He wishes _23.The girls don’t perform very well
They wish _24.Some student are late for class
They wish _25.My class make a lot of noise
I wish _26.I didn’t go shopping
Trang 3Correct the verb form
1.I wish you(drive) carefully in the future
2 He wishes his mother (be) here now to give him some advices
3 I wish I (know) all about this matter several week ago
4 I wish I (have) more time now to help you with your work
5 I wish I (study) psychology when I was a college
6 I wish someone (offer) to help me with that work tomorrow
7.It’s a pity you didn’t ask him how to get there I wish you (ask) him how to get there
8 Tom wish he (be) there yesterday
9 Susan wishes she (can speak) VietNamese
10.I wish I (be) free now
11.I can’t come tomorrow.I wish I (come) tomorrow
12.The little boy wishes he (become) an arcobat when he grew up.13.I wish I (be) a famous singer
14.I wish I (see) this film on television again
15 I wish they (know) the truth yesterday
16 She wishes her father ( be) here now to help her
17 I wish they ( visit) us when they were in town
18 I wish someone ( give) me a job next month
19 If only I ( can take) the trip to Hanoi with her next summer
20 I wish they ( know) the truth yesterday
21 I wish I (see) that film on TV again
22 We wish she (be) our teacher of English
23 My brother wishes he (not waste) time when he was young
24 They wish they (come) to class on time yesterday morning
25 I wish I ( spend) my last summer vacation in the mountains.26.I wish she (come) to see me yesterday
27.If only I ( have) more time to do this job
28.He missed an exceiting football match on TV last night He wishes he ( watch ) it
29.I wish you ( not give ) them my phone number yesterday
30.We wish we ( understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday
Choose the best answer
1.This is a difficult problem I wish I …… the answer
a know b knew c had known d would know
2.I couldn’t come to Mary’s birthday party last night I wish…… there
Trang 4a I could b I had come c I could have come d came
3.I can’t understand anything Marie says I wish I …….French
a can speak b speak c could speak d speaking
4.I want to get in touch with Jane If only I …….her phone number
a knew b to know c know d knowing
5 Helen has a lot of work to do today She wishes she …….more time
a has had b has c had had d had
6 Mary didn’t get good marks for the test last week She wishes she …….more carefully
a study b would study c studied d had studied
7.I wish you …….watching television while I am talking to you
a stop b stopped c stop d to stop
8.Bill wishes he …….more money so he could buy a new bike
a has b have c had d having
9 If only I…….a birth, I could fly freely to anywhere I want
a am b was c were d would be
10 I wish I …….so rude to my parents yesterday
a weren’t b hadn’t been c haven’t been d am not
11 I wish I …… play the piano as well as my close friend ……
a could/ play b can/ plays c could/ plays d can play
12.I wish I …… to my parents Now it’s too late
a listen b would listen c have listened d had listened
13 If only he …… me the truth, I didn’t treat her badly
a told b had told c tells d would tell
14.I wish I ……to the movies with you last night
a went b go c have gone d had gone
15 She wishes she ……him the bad news yesterday
a didn’t tell b doesn’t tell c hadn’t told d wouldn’t tell
16.If only I …… for that job, I might be a typist now
a apply b applied c had applied d have applied
1 It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A I wish you told us about this
B I wish you would told us about this
C I wish you had told us about this
D I wish you have told us about this
2 It's such a pity your sister can't come as well.
A I am very sorry that your sister couldn't come
B I wonder why your sister can't come
C If only your sister could come as well
D If only your sister can come
3.They regret ever getting married.
A They wish they had never got married
B They wish they never got married
C They wish they did not get married
D They wish they have never got married
4 I'm sorry that he won't accept the job he 's been offered.
A I wish he will accept the job he's been offered
Trang 5B I wish he would accept the job he's been offered.
C I wish he had accepted the job he's been offered
D I wish he would haveaccepted the job he's been offered
5.I regret going to bed so late last night.
A I wish I didn't go to bed so late last night
B I wish I went to bed early last night
C I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late last night
D I wish I had gone to bed early last night
6.What a pity! You aren t here with us now’
A I wish you aren’t here with us now
B I wish you weren’t here with us now
C I wish you were here with us now
D I wish you would be here with us now
7 I d like my father give up smoking’
A I wish my father gave up smoking
B I wish my father will give up smoking
C I wish my father gives up smoking
D I wish my father can give up smoking
8 He doesn t help his mother with house work’
A I wish he helps his mother with house work
B I wish he does helped his mother with house work
C I wish he helped his mother with house work
D I wish he would help his mother with house work
9 My friends often go on a camping trip without me
A I wish my friends go on a camping trip without me
B I wish my friends went on a camping trip without me
C I wish my friends go on a camping trip with me
D I wish my friends went on a camping trip with me
10 He must go now
A He wishes he doesn’t go now
B He wishes he won’t go now
C He wishes he didn’t have to go now
D He wishes he hadn’t to go now
Chapter 2 : Passive VOICE
I - Định nghĩa:
1 Câu chủ động là câu mà chủ ngữ gây ra hành động
I study English (Tôi học tiếng anh.)
2 Câu bị động là câu mà chủ ngữ bị tác động bởi hành động
English is studied by me
II – Quy tắc chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1 Tìm hiểu,phân tích câu làm 3 thành phần (S,V,O)
2 Đa tân ngữ của câu chủ động xuống làm chủ ngữ của câu bị đông
3 Đổi động từ của câu chủ đọng thành (be+Ved/3)-câu chủ động ở thì nào thì động
từ tobe phảI ở thì đó
4 Đa S của câu chủ động xuống làm O của câu bị động đợc đặt sau giới từ By.(By có thể lợc bỏ nếu S không dõ hay không quan trọng nh:
people,someone,they,somebody…)
Trang 6Active : S + V + O
Passive : S + be + V(ed/3) + (by + O)
Mr Manh teaches English
English is taught by Mr Manh
*Note : - Nếu trong câu có nhiều trạng từ thị khi chuyển sang câu bị động chúng
đợc sắp xếp theo thứ tự sau :
Thể cách + nơi chốn + thời gian
Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn đợc đặt trớc by + O
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian đợc đặt sau by + O
- Nếu câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ thì một trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm S trong câu bị động
He gave me a pen
I was given a pen by him
A pen was given to me by him
II – Some special Passive form:
1/ Questions:
Ex: Who wrote that play? -> By whom was that play written?
Have they read the letter? -> Has the letter been read?
2/ Material agent:
Ex: Smoke filled the room -> The room was filled with smoke
3/ Negative pronoun agent:
Ex: Nobody can unlock the case -> The case can’t be unlocked
4/ Sentences with two objects:
Ex: Mary’s parents gave her a birthday present
Mary was given a birthday present by her parents
A birthday present was given to Mary by her parents
III – Câu bị động của các thì trong tiếng anh
Hiện tại đơn giản S + V_(s/es) is
S + Am + V_(ed/3) + by + O Are
Quá khứ đơn giản S + V_(ed/2) was
S + + V_(ed/3) + by + O were
Hiện tại tiếp diễn is
S + Am + V-ing Are
is
S +Am+being +V(ed/3)+by+O Are
Quá khứ tiếp diễn was
S + +V-ing were
was
S + +being+V(ed/3) +by+O Were
Hiện tại hoàn thành Have
S+ +V(ed/3) Has
HaveS+ + been + V(ed/3)+by+O Has
Tơng lai đơn và động
từ khuyết thiếu Will Can
S+ Shall + V
Will CanS+ Shall + be + Ved/3+by+O
Trang 7Ought to Should… Ought to Should…
* Một số tr ờng hợp bị động khác:
a Bị động với have / get something done“ ”: Hình thức bị động này đợc sử dụng để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động của chủ thể đợc thực hiện của ngời khác
Eg: + Someone painted John’s flat yesterday
John had his flat pạinted yesterday
b Bị động với hình thức nguyên thể (infinitive) và danh động từ (gerund ).
Eg: + We dọn’t want to be refused entry
+ She hates being photographed
c Bị động với các động từ chỉ quan điểm ( verbs of opinion ): believe, know, say, report, think,… Hình thức bị động này thờng đợc sử dụng khi ngời nói muốn tránh
đề cập tới chủ thể thực hiện hành động
It + to be + V(ed/cột 3) + that + clause.
Hoặc:
S + to be + V(ed/cột 3) + to-inf/to have + PII(ed/cột 3).
Eg: + People believe that David left New Zealand last week
It is believed that David left New Zealand last week
David is believed to have left New Zealand last week
* Chú ý : - Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các đại từ nhân xng nh
I/you/we/they/she/he/it/ hoặc các phiếm từ nh people/someone/somebody
chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta không cần dùng by + O
- Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các danh từ tên riêng hay các danh từ chỉ giống và danh từ cụ thể chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta phải sử dụng by + O
I/ Rewrite the sentences, use the verbs in present passive form:
1 People use milk for making butter and cheese
II/ Rewrite these sentences, using the verbs in passive form with
"will/ can/ should/ must + be + past participle."
1 Some body will clean the room later
-> ………
Trang 82 You mustn't open this parcel until Christmas Day.
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Some body clean the house every day
Trang 9IV/ Use the passive and an infinitive to rewrite the sentences below:
Ex: 0 They asked me to repair the table
-> I was told to repair the table
1 They told him to stay home for three days
V/ Complete the second sentences so that it has the same meaning to the first:
1 We must pay the bill at once
Trang 105 Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem in 1823.
10 The repairman is going to repair my car next week
-> We are going to have………11.They can make tea with boiled water
-> Tea
12 He is instructing all the workers of the plan at the moment
-> All the workers of the plan
13 A boy has just taken some of my books away
18 Hung took some pictures of his father away yesterday
-> Some pictures of his father
19 They may use their rooms for the classrooms
-> Their rooms
20 The teacher is going to punish some students
-> Some students
III/ Change these sentences into passive:
1 Peter is writing a letter to his friend
Trang 117 Someone is cutting the glass now.
Trang 1230 We have invited all the members to the party
_
III/ Change these sentences into active:
31 Lan is helped by the teacher
IV/Choose the best answer
1 They use cars and trucks to carry food to market.
A Cars and trucks are used to carrying food to market
B Cars and trucks are used to carry food to market
C Cars and trucks are use to carry food to market
D Cars and trucks are used to carried food to market
2 We will meet him at the station.
A He will be met at the station
B He will meet at the station
C He will be meet at the station
D He will be meeted at the station
3 How long have they doe their work?
A How long have their work been done?
B How long has their work be done?
Trang 13C How long has their work been done?
D How long have their work done?
4 No one could help him.
A He could be helped by no one
B He couldn’t be helped by no one
C He could be helped
D He could helped
5 The gate is painted once a year.
A They paint the gate one a year
B They painted the gate one a year
C They are painting the gate one a year
D They will paint the gate one a year
6 Food can t be sold on the sidewalk’ .
A They can’t sold food on the sidewalk
B They can’t be sold food on the sidewalk
C They can’t sell food on the sidewalk
D They can sell food on the sidewalk
7 The flowers shouldn t be cut in this garden’ .
A You shouldn’t be cut the flowers in this garden
B The flowers shouldn’t cutting the flowers in this garden
C The flowers shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
D You shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
8 When was this car bought?
A When do they buy this car ?
B When did they bought this car?
C When did they buy this car?
D When are they bought this car?
9 Why isn t she taken to the cinema with them?’
A Why don’t they taken her to the cinema with them?
B Why doesn’t she take to the cinema with them?
C Why doesn’t she take them to the cinema?
D Why don’t they take her to the cinema with them?
10 Who was she invited to the party by?
A Who invited her to the party by?
B Who invited her to the party?
C Whom invites her to the party?
D Whom invited her to the party?
Chapter 3 : reported speech
I) M ột số l u ý khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
a/T
hay đổi thì của động từ:
1 The simple present tense
- is/are/ am
- don’t/doesn’t + V(inf)
- Verb in the present
1 The past simple tense
- was/were
- didn’t +V(inf)
- Verb in the past
2 The present progressive tense
- is/ are/ am(not)+ V- ing
2 The past progressive tense
- was/ were(not) + V-ing
3 The simple future tense