Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings and complete the sentences using the correct form of the phrasal verb 1.go on with 2.keep up with 3.think back on 4.talk back to 5.drop out of[r]
Trang 1ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HK2 _ ENGLISH 12
A.Lý thuyết:
I Nội dung ôn tập: Unit 6,7,8,9
II Ngữ pháp:
- The future perfect
- Double comparatives
- The active and passive causatives
- Reported speech: reporting orders, requests, offers, advice, instructions,…
- Phrasal verbs
- Adverbial clauses of condition, comparison, manner, result
- Conditionals; Mixed conditionals of Type 2 and Type 3
B Bài tập:
Unit 6 – Endangered species
Exercise 1 Fill in the gap with the word from the box
survival (n) vulnerable (adj) extinct (adj) endangered (adj)
conservation (n) habitat (n) evolution (n) biodiversity (n)
1.Darwin’s theory of ……… has helped to explain the disappearance of some species and the
……… of others
2.The saola and the rhino are considered ……… species in Viet Nam
3.The giant panda’s natural ……… is the bamboo forest Giant pandas like to eat bamboo leaves
4.Baby sea turtles are most ……… when they leave their nests and make their way to the sea They are convenient targets for birds and other animals
5.Mammoths and dinosaurs used to live on our earth quite a long time ago, but they are now ………
6……… helps to maintain the balance of nature that we rely on for our well-being and benefit
7.The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an organisation which is working on issues related to
………., research and restoration of the environment
Exercise 2 Fill in the gap with the word from the box
vulnerable endangered poached diversity extinction
evolutionary evolution
1.Many people think the money spent on protecting ……… species should be used for improving the lives
of the local people
2.Animals classified as CR on the conservation status scale are in danger of ………
3.Old people and children are particularly ……… to lung diseases in the cold weather
4.Elephants are usually ………… for their tusks, while rhinos are killed for their horns
5.This river used to have the greatest ……… of freshwater fish in the country, but now very few species are found here
6.The new ……… theory has combined Darwin’s theory of natural selection with genetic factors to
explain how ……… occurs
Trang 2Exercise 3 Complete the sentences using the present perfect or the future perfect tense
1.By next summer, our rescue team (save and take in)……… hundreds of endangered animals 2.Look at this cute little bear It (live) ……… in the wildlife park for six months, and it’ll be released back into the wild next month
3.If you come to the conference on wildlife protection after 10 a.m., the most interesting presentation
(finish)………
4.By the end of today, Kim (visit) ……… all of the animal rescue centres in the city
5.I’ll start writing my essay on protection of endangered species as soon as I (collect) ……… enough information
Exercise 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets
1.Increasing trade in ivory products is a threat to the (survive) ……… of elephants
2.I don’t think bringing (extinction) ……… species back to life is a good idea That’s going against the laws
of nature
3.Plants and trees can be (danger) ……… like animals The lady slipper orchid is an example
4.Dinosaurs and mammoths are classified as EX, meaning extinct, on the (conserve) ……… status scale 5.If (poach) ………… continues at current rates, elephants, rhinos and other African wildlife may be gone within our lifetime
6.Darwin’s theory of (evolve) ……… explains that the strongest species can survive because they have the ability to adapt to the new environment better than others
Exercise 5 Rewrite these sentences, using double comparatives
1.As people need more land to build houses, they cut down more forests
………
2.The unemployment rate is getting higher, so the crime rate is becoming higher as well
………
3.If you get a better education, there will be more opportunities for you to get a good job
………
4.As it is raining more heavily, the flooding will become worse
………
5.There are more and more cars in our city, so we will have to suffer more from polluted air
………
6 As we witness more damage to wildlife, we want to put more effort into protecting wild plants and
animals
………
Exercise 6 Find the mistake and correct
1.I’ll wait for you here until you will have finished your work
2.The faster you drive, it becomes more dangerous
3.By the time we will have got to the conference about wildlife protection, the opening speech will have started
Trang 34.The more severe climate change becomes, the more serious wildlife is affected.
5.More people move to the city, the higher the cost of living there gets
Exercise 7 Fill in the passage with the word from the box
endangered seeking abundant wild dedicated declining
The 12th of August is World Elephant Day, which is an international annual event (1) ……… to the preservation and protection of the world’s elephants Why is there a day for elephants? The answer can be found in the fact that this species’ population is rapidly (2) ……… , and they need help
In 1930, there were about 10 million African elephants in the wild In 1989, when they were added to the international list of the most (3) ……… species, there were about 600,000 remaining Elephant numbers have dropped by 62% over the last decade, and they could be mostly extinct by the end of the next decade An estimated one hundred African elephants are killed each day by poachers (4) ………… ivory, meat, and body parts, leaving only 400,000 alive today
Asian elephants have never been as (5) ……… as African ones, and today they are even more endangered
At the turn of the century, there were an estimated 200,000 Asian elephants Today there are probably no more than 40,000 in the (6) ………
Unit 7 – Artificial intelligence
Exercise 1 Match the words with their meanings
1.incredible (adj)
2.activate (v)
3.capable (adj)
4.resurrect (v)
5.emotion (n)
a having the ability or qualities necessary for doing something
b bring something back into use
c impossible or difficult to believe
d strong feeling
e make a device start working
Exercise 2 Match the words with their meanings
1 malfunction (n)
2 implant (v)
3 futurist (n)
4 complicated (adj)
5 exterminate (v)
6 cyber-attack (n)
A a person who studies the future and makes predictions about it based on current trends
B kill or destroy somebody completely
C failure to work normally because of a fault or bad design
D insert or fix something in a person’s body, especially by surgery
E an illegal attempt to harm someone’s computer system, or the information on it, using the Internet
F difficult to analyse, understand, or explain
Exercise 3 Fill in the gap with the correct form of the word from the box
incredible activate capable resurrect emotion
1.Her ……… was so strong that it brought tears to her eyes
2.Deep Blue is a chess-playing computer developed by IBM that was ………of defeating the world champion Garry Kasparov in 1997
3.After two thousand years, the deceased Monica was ……… by the future artificial intelligence
4.This programme is used to ……… the new generation robots
Trang 45.Many viewers like the Star Treck films which have lots of ……… space travels.
Exercise 4 Fill in the gap with the correct form of the word from the box
life-threatening reduce exterminate futurist operating leading malfunction
1 After the power cuts last night, the machine started to ………
2 A lot of ……… think that A.I robots will be harmful to humans
3 This ……… disease caused a lot of complications during the treatment procedure
4 Do you really think that humans will be ………… when the machines rise against them in the future?
5 It costs a lot of money to upgrade the ………… system and the workers’ skills in this car plant
6 In order to ………… the cost of production, the manufacturers have used robots for repetitive work
7 He is one of the ……… A.I scientists in the world
Exercise 5 Fill in the gap with the word from the box
Artificial intelligence machines advanced humans
Robots algorithm destruction automated
1……… does not exist yet, but scientists are working hard to create computers that can think like human beings
2……… are used to replace humans in dangerous or repetitive jobs
3.Intelligent ……… are widely used in many fields such as heavy industries, hospital medicine, business, and the military
4.It is believed by some people that intelligent robots will rise up against ……… in the near future
5.Many futurists believe that in the near future ……… technology will make many currently impossible things a reality
6.Computers solve problems and complete calculations by following sets of rules called ………
7.Do you really think that artificial intelligence can cause ……… to humans and the world?
8.If you have ever called a company and reached an ……… voice system, you have experienced a kind
of basic artificial intelligence
Exercise 6 Choose the best answer
1.Instead of buying a new computer, why don’t you have your old one _?
2.The owners of modern manufacturing plants had workers doing heavy and repetitive tasks
_ by robots
3.NASA has had an autonomous spaceship the universe recently
4.We had the computer technician the new software for us
5.My mother always has the dishwashing machine _ the washing-up after meals
6.The newspaper editor-in-chief had a newswoman _ about the latest domestic robots
7.The teacher had his students _ their laptops to surf the Net for resources in his class
Exercise 7 Fill in the passage with the word from the box
evolution consequences efforts destruction
Trang 5form threat technology
Stephen Hawking warns A.I could end mankind
Professor Stephen Hawking told the BBC that (1) …… to create thinking machines pose a (2) ……… to humans and the development of full artificial intelligence could end human existence His warning came in response to
a question about the (3) ……… that he uses to communicate The device which he uses is a basic (4) ………… of A.I He thinks the primitive forms of artificial intelligence developed so far have already proved very useful However, he fears the (5) ……… of creating something that can match or surpass humans could lead to their(6) ……… because humans would not be able to compete with A.I due to their slow biological (7)
………
Exercise 8 Read the text and choose the best answer There may be more than once correct answer to some questions
A.I or artificial intelligence is the intelligence displayed by machines or software
Many industries today use highly automated vehicles that can drive with almost no human intervention Smart robots have replaced humans in stressful and dangerous jobs, and in assembly lines doing tasks such as packing and lifting heavy things
In science and medicine, A.I techniques help medical doctors to discover subtle interactions between medications that put patients at risk because of their serious side effects Patients at highest risk of complications are also detected based on these techniques
In navigation, devices using the GPS (Global Positioning System) help drivers or pilots to find the best routes to their destination by avoiding obstacles, traffic jams, and accidents
In military, A.I robots are used to explore dangerous environments containing explosives or contaminated by nuclear weapons
In communication, the voice recognition systems in smartphones or other electronic devices can identify our speech, and are getting better at understanding our intentions A.I algorithms can also help to detect faces and other features in photos sent to social networking sites and automatically organise them Internet search engines such as Google and Bing provide hundreds of millions of people with search results related to weather, traffic predictions, book recommendations, educational institutions, music, films, and games A.I applications
on the Internet can translate web pages in real time, and even help users to learn new languages Many A.I experts believe that A.I technology will soon make even greater advances in many other areas Modern robots will be more intelligent and replace humans in many dangerous jobs and environments This will certainly improve our lives in the near future
1.What types of A.I technology can be seen in today’s industries?
C.Machines controlled by humanoids D.Packing and lifting machines.
2.Which of these A.I applications in medicine is mentioned in the text?
A.Operating on patients at highest risk of complications.
B.Helping to treat unhealthy organs.
C.Finding out about the serious side effects of some medications.
D.Discovering how medications interact within the human body.
3.How can the GPS help you?
A.Recommend your destination B.Show you the fastest way to your destination.
Trang 6C.Show you how to get out of traffic jams D.Drive the car automatically.
4.What is the function of voice recognition?
A.Identifying human voices B.Copying human commands.
C.Recording human voices D.Translating human commands.
5.How can Internet users understand foreign language texts?
A.They can learn the language on the Internet B.They can guess the meaning using search
engines
C.They can get information about them on the Internet D.They can use a translating application.
6.What will A.I robots in the near future be capable of having according to many A.I experts?
C.Dangerous behaviour D.Higher levels of intelligence.
Exercise 9 Read the text and choose the best answer There may be more than once correct answer to some questions
According to futurist Ray Kurzweil, human civilisation will be unavoidably transformed in the year 2045 by an
event that he calls The Singularity He suggests that exponential technological development will lead to the
inevitable rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) Such advanced technology may make humanity insignificant Kurzweil says that technologies are double-edged swords and envisions the possibility that an artificial intelligence might decide to put an end to humanity simply because it surpasses human intelligence Kurzweil does have faith in mankind, however He suggests that people are wise to accept that technological progress is unavoidable, and that such acceptance will make the process of transition easier
Kurzweil has personal reasons to hope for the coming of The Singularity, because he wants his life to be
extended by it Kurzweil envisions that future medical advances could invent tiny computerised machines, or nanobots, which operate inside the body to enhance the immune system In addition, he believes that future technology might be able to resurrect his deceased father
Looking at the state of current technological advances in many fields such as medicine, navigation, and communication, Kurzweil’s visions may not be unbelievable The critical issue, however, is whether genuine artificial intelligence can ever be truly realised Kurzweil suggests that critics of his theories, who believe that the human brain is too complex to duplicate, are underestimating what the exponential growth in technology can eventually accomplish
1.What is The Singularity?
A.An event giving rise to future human beings.
B.An event giving rise to future artificial intelligence.
C.An event giving rise to future alien civilisation.
2.Why could The Singularity put an end to humans?
A.Because A.I might imitate human intelligence.
B.Because A.I is similar to human intelligence.
C.Because A.I will exceed human intelligence.
3.What does Kurzweil say about technologies?
A.Technologies are avoidable.
B.Technologies are safe and friendly.
C.Technologies are double-edged swords.
4.Why does Kurzweil hope for the coming of The Singularity?
A.Because it would have economic advantages.
B.Because life could be extended.
Trang 7C.Because human would have virtual entertainment.
5.How does Kurzweil respond to critics of his theories?
A.He thinks that they do not evaluate correctly the rapid growth of technology.
B.He thinks that the realisation of genuine artificial intelligence is a challenge.
C.He thinks that future events cannot be predicted with our current means.
Exercise 10 Make sentences using all the information and verb given Change the word form and add more words if necessary
1.Last week / go / the vet’s / dog / vaccinate
………
2.This afternoon / go / the doctor’s / blood pressure / take
………
3.Yesterday / go / the optician’s / eyes / test
………
4.Last week / talk / accountant / annual account / do
………
5.The day before yesterday / see / the architect / new house / design
………
6.Next week / go / the dentist’s / a tooth / take
………
7.Next Saturday / go the hairdresser’s / hair / cut
………
8 Tomorrow / go / garage / car / service
………
Unit 8 – The world of work
Exercise 1 Fill in the gap with the correct form of the word from the box
CV job seeker covering letter job interview job advertisement
A (1) ……… is a person who is trying to find a job He or she often looks for (2) ……… – notices
in newspapers or other mass media telling people about an opportunity to get a job If the job seeker is interested in the job and thinks that he is qualified for it, he will prepare a written record of his education and the jobs he has done, which is known as a (3) ……… or curriculum vitae in its full form He also needs to send a letter containing extra information which is called a (4) ………… If his application is impressive enough, he can
be called for a (5) ………., which is a meeting in which interviewers ask the job seeker questions to see whether he would be the right person for that job
Exercise 2 Match the words with their definitions and complete the text with the correct form of the word
on the left
Trang 81 apply (v)
2 recruit (v)
3 qualification (n)
4 relevant (adj)
5 probation (n)
a find new people to join a company or organisation
b a certificate or a degree that you earn after completing a course or passing an exam
c a period of time during which your employer can see if you are suitable for the job
d make a formal application or request
e correct or suitable for a particular purpose Applying for a job is a process of several stages First, when a new job is advertised, people (1) ………… by sending their CVs and covering letters All these CVs and covering letters are then screened, and only
the (2) ……… applicants with suitable experience and (3) ……… are shortlisted and invited for a job interview If the candidates can perform well and impress the interviewers during the interview, they can
be (4) ………… Next, the new recruits often go through a (5) ……… period that may last from several
months to a year, depending on the policy of the company or organisation
Exercise 3 Rewrite the sentences in reported speech, using the appropriate verbs from the box in the correct tense
ask offer tell advise
1.Our teacher: ‘You must study hard for the final exams.’
→ Our teacher ………
2.The job applicant: ‘Could you tell me if the company provides computers for all employees?’
→ The job applicant ………
3.The career adviser: ‘You should develop your communication and planning skills.’
→ The career adviser ………
4.My mother: ‘I’ll find information about short courses on organisational skills for you.’
→ My mother ………
Exercise 4 Complete the sentences, reporting what was said
1.‘Would you like to see me play in a football match?’
→ The monitor invited ……….…
2.‘Could you tell me what skills I need in order to get this job?’
→ The applicant asked the head of the human resources department ………
3.‘If you like, I’ll find more information about the company that you are applying to.’
→ My friend offered ………
4.‘Go ahead Apply for the job.’
→ His father encouraged ………
5.‘The working conditions at this factory are terrible!’
→ He complained to his friends ………
6.‘No, I can’t tell you what the director’s salary is because that information is confidential.’
→ She refused ………
Exercise 5 Read the job advertisement Match the highlighted words with the meaning and decide whether the statements about it are true (T), false (F), or not given (NG)
Apprentice Administrator in a Car Dealership
A successful car dealership specialising in second-hand cars is looking for an apprentice administrator to
Trang 9provide administrative support for the team This would be a fantastic opportunity for someone looking for
an entry-level
position in administration as no experience is required The ideal candidate should also be able to work on Saturdays
Main responsibilities
• Answering telephone calls and responding to emails
• Meeting and greeting customers
• Filing and entering data
• Typing reports and creating spreadsheets
• Taking minutes at meetings
• Arranging meetings
Requirements
• 18 years of age or older
• Finished school with a National Certificate of Secondary Education
• Excellent time-management skills
• Good communication skills
• Well spoken and articulate
• Responsible and self-motivated
• Flexible and eager to learn
• Friendly and approachable
• Well-organised
• Able to work to deadlines and prioritise tasks
The successful candidate will be offered:
• competitive salary
• ongoing training
• 12 days of annual leave
• long-term job prospects in the company after six-month apprenticeship
To apply for this position, send your CV and a covering letter to hr@hungphamcarsales.com For further information, please phone Ms Kim Thanh at 0123975648
Please note that only shortlisted candidates will be contacted
* Find the meaning
1 a person whose job is to manage and organise the public or business affairs of a company or an institution
2 becoming an expert in a particular area of work or business
3 put tasks or problems in order of importance so that you can deal with the most important first
4 selected for final consideration
5 friendly and easy to understand and to talk to
* True, False or not given
1.Job applicants must have the relevant working experience to apply for this job
2.The job involves office work such as typing reports and taking minutes at meetings
3.The job applicant is expected to be good at time management and communication
4.Being flexible is the most important quality required for the job
5.After finishing the apprenticeship, the person will be recruited on a long-term contract
Exercise 6 Match the words with their meanings
Trang 101 unique (adj)
2 tip (n)
3 cluttered (adj)
4 tailor (v)
5 personnel (n)
a full of details in an untidy way
b very special
c the department in a company that deals with employing and training people
d a useful piece of advice about something practical
e adapt something for a particular purpose
Exercise 7 Read the text about the job seeking experiences of Harry and decide whether the statements about it are true (T), false (F), or not given (NG)
My name is Harry and I live in Bath, a small beautiful city in the south-west of England I left school when I was 18, after taking my A levels My results were not great, but probably high enough for university
However, I am not very academic so I decided not to study for a degree I thought there would be lots of companies looking for bright school leavers who want to head straight into the world of work through an apprenticeship Money was also a problem Although there are tuition loans available and my parents were willing to help me financially, I didn’t want to borrow money and then graduate from university with a huge debt
I started looking for an apprenticeship and it took me several months to get my first interview My application was not successful; there were more than 4,000 applicants and only 20 were selected I realised that
apprenticeships were very competitive so I started to look for other jobs I worked as a barista at coffee shops, I interviewed people on the street, I sold tickets for events, and I was even a human statue at different theme parks and festivals I was not only enjoying myself, but managed to save more than £2,000
Then while I was working at one of the music festivals, I had an idea Why not start up a mobile catering business? Buying a small trailer didn’t require a large investment and finding someone to cook was easy Now
I have a team of 15 people, travel to fantastic events around the country, sell delicious food, and then watch people enjoy it Although I didn’t get my ideal apprenticeship in software development or accountancy, I am a successful young entrepreneur
1.Harry wanted to go to university, but his A level results were too low
2.Harry believed that it would be easy to find an apprenticeship because many companies want to recruit bright school graduates
3.Harry was not successful at his first interview because he didn’t prepare well for it
4.He stopped applying for apprenticeships when he was offered part-time jobs
5.His parents gave him £200 to buy a trailer to start his mobile catering business
6.He now employs 15 people who travel with him to different events in the UK
Exercise 8 Read the text and do the tasks
In a society where the unemployment rate is relatively high, employers usually have greater choice of applicants They tend to favour the candidates with more employability skills – the skills necessary for getting, keeping, and being successful in a job These skills are varied, ranging from basic ones such as searching for job adverts, writing CVs and covering letters, and coming across well in interviews, to the more advanced skills which are required in order to keep a job for a long time Among the long list of more advanced employability skills, it is very important for all job seekers to equip themselves with interpersonal skills, communication skills, and leadership ability in order to keep and be successful in a job
Interpersonal skills are really crucial when seeking employment They are the skills that people use to interact with each other People with good interpersonal skills often co-operate and work well with the others in a team They are also good at negotiating and satisfying the expectations of the people involved In their daily work, interpersonal skills allow them to empathise with colleagues as well as clients, thereby building better working relationships This, as a result, leads to a better working environment with little or no stress
ommunication skills are also important for people who are seeking employment or looking for a promotion in their current career because employers nowadays want to find employees who communicate well both verbally