Relative clauses can be replaced by past participial phrases when the main verb in the clause carries a passive meaning.. Example: + The cars which are made in Japan are the best.[r]
Trang 1Trường PTTH Nguyễn Khuyến Giáo viên: Lê Thi Cam Tú
Subject: English — Grade: 11 Term: II — School year: 2007 — 2008
PERIOD 7
UNIT 9: NATURE IN DANGER
LANGUAGE FOCUS
I Aim
The uses of suffix —al
Reduced relative clause
II Objectives
By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to:
- Form adjectives and nouns ending in —a/ and use them appropriately
- Master the use of the reduced relative clauses and use them to join two sentences
III Materials
Textbook, whiteboard markers,
IV Anticipated problems
Ss may not distinguish nouns with adjectives ending in —al
V Procedure
7mins | I Warm up:
Make a list of national parks in Vietnam - Gather answers from groups and
national parks they listed
\
Around the world
Trang 2
5mins
II Word Study:
PRESENTATION I
Suffix —al Meaning: of, pertaining to Use:
- Appending to different words, often nouns, to make an adjective form Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also
Examples:
- environment — environmental
- crime — criminal
- Forming nouns, especially of verbal actions
Examples:
- deny — denial
- try —trial
- Give brief information about the suffix —al
7mins
Write A next to the adjectives and N next
to the nouns + Suggested answers:
1 refusal —N educational — A remedial —A proposal —N
rental—A,N
2
3
4
5 postal— A
6
7 disposal —N
8 optional - A - Have Ss work in pairs and write
A next to the adjectives and N next
to the nouns
- Note: Ss may get confused between the adjectives and nouns
T can put them in the sentences so that Ss can be sure about their answers
- Call on some Ss to read aloud their answers in front of the class
- Draw Ss’ attention to the stress of the words especially when they change from nouns to adjectives
- Give meanings of the adjectives and nouns and further explain if
Trang 3
necessary
Choose the suitable nouns or adjectives to | - Ask Ss to Choose the suitable
fill in the blanks (textbook) nouns or adjectives to fill in the
- Tell Ss to read the sentences
1 rental
carefully and decide the parts of
2 postal
speech of the blanks before doing
3 disposal
the exercise
Smins IH Grammar
PRESENTA TION 2 Revision of reduced relative clauses
In English, relative clauses can be replaced by
to infinitive and participles
1 Relatives clauses can be replaced by to infinitive when:
- the nouns prior to relative pronouns go with
the first, the last, the only
Example:
+ I was the last student who handed in the test paper
> I was the last student to hand in the test paper
- the verbs in the clauses indicate something
should be done, can be done or must be
done
Example:
+ Do you have any paper which you can sell?
> Do you have any paper to sell?
2 Relative clauses can be replaced by present participle phrases when the main verb in the
Trang 4
clause carries an active meaning
Example:
+ The girls who are standing at the school gate are in grade 11A
> The girls standing at the school gate are in grade IIA
3 Relative clauses can be replaced by past participial phrases when the main verb in the clause carries a passive meaning
Example:
+ The cars which are made in Japan are the best
> The cars made in Japan are the best
Ask and answer the questions, using the - Have Ss work in pairs
reduced form of the relative clauses — to - Call on some Ss to read their
1 Yes, I’m usually the first guest to come to |- Give feedback and correct
2 Louis Armstrong was the first man to land on the Moon
3 Yes, It’s the most popular route to lead to the summit of Mt Everest
4 Yes, It’s one of the most beautiful caves
to have ever been discovered in Vietnam
5 I think the most common activity to harm the environment is (making a campfire)
Smis Rewrite the sentences, using the reduced form PRACTICE 4
of the relative clauses — present and past
participles + Suggested answers:
1 In the year to come, all the trees in this - Ask Ss to work independently
- Have Ss exchange their sentences and cross check
- Encourage Ss to discuss their
answers with a friend because
Trang 5
10
forest will disappear if nothing is done to protect them
They couldn’t find a way to help clean the polluted river
Animals born in zoos know nothing about life in the forests
The governments of many countries are discussing methods to protect the environment
During a boat tour along the canals, tourists can see the birds searching for food or the cranes flying in flocks
Are national parks good places to house wild animals?
There is nothing more for us to do about the fire
The noise coming from the boat engine might disturb sea animals
The next question for them to consider is how to clean up the garbage
The team, including about two dozen Sherpas, uses backpacks to carry the garbage to their base at the foot of Mt
some sentences are tricky
- Check the exercise in front of the class a whole
- Give correct answers