Ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh khối 11 - Will & be going to & present progressive

Dùng V-ing để đơn giản mệnh đề quan hệ: - Khi hành động trong mệnh đề quan hệ chỉ hành động đang xảy ra ở một thời điểm hay diễn tả thói quen hay một việc thường xuyên, hay một sự thật..[r]

WILL & BE GOING TO & PRESENT PROGRESSIVE I.WILL

Formation: will + V1

Use: express an intention or decision made at the moment of speaking    ý ! hay

#$"% ! &' làm lúc nói)

II.BE GOING TO

Formation: is / am / are + going to + V1

Use: express a decision or intention thought before the moment of speaking or a prediction having

the evidence

-5 6 rõ ràng )

III.PRESENT PROGRESSIVE:

Formation: is / am / are + V-ing

Use: express the future arrangement (often have time word ) (   3 9 % : &; lai &<

có = > < gian)

USED TO

I.USED TO : ?/ =

Use: Dùng B nói lên hành  &< xuyên làm : quá 6D lúc ta nói thì hành  này

không còn H

Formation:

- Affirmative: Active: S + used to + V1

Passive: S + used to + be + V3/ed

- Negative: Active : S + did not + use to + V1

Passive: S + did not + use to + be + V3/ed

- Interrogative: Active: Did + S + use to + V1?

Passive: Did + S + use to + be + V3/ed?

Ex: When I was young, I used to swim.

Did you use to swim when you were young?

I didnot use to play football in the past

II TO BE USED TO = TO GET USED TO = TO BE ACCUSTOMED TO : QUEN

SM

Use: B nói lên hành  &< xuyên làm : T U

Formation: be used to / get used to / be accustomed to + V-ing/ N

Ex: John is used to sleeping late on Sundays.

John gets used to sleeping late on Sundays.

John is accustomed to sleeping late on Sundays.

RELATIVE CLAUSE: XYLZ ?[ QUAN ZY

A Mệnh đề quan hệ: là T \ có 6 U = quan hê ( who, whom, which, that)

Ex: The girl who is standing at the gate is my friend

X \ quan T

I WHO: là U = quan T thay % cho danh từ chỉ người đứng làm chủ từ trong T \

quan TD U = quan T 2 sau % danh = mà nó -^ 0

Ex: The girl is my friend She is standing at the gate

-> The girl who is standing at the gate is my friend

II.WHOM: là U = quan T thay % cho danh từ chỉ người đứng làm túc từ trong T \

quan TD U = quan T 2 sau % danh = mà nó -^ 0

Ex: The man is my teacher You met him at school

-> The man whom you met at school is my teacher

III WHICH: là U = quan T thay % cho danh từ chỉ vật trong T \ quan TD U =

quan T 2 sau % danh = mà nó -^ 0

Ex: The book is very interesting It is on science

-> The book which is on science is very interesting

IV.THAT: là U = quan T thay % cho who, whom, which

V.WHOSE: là U = quan T thay % cho danh = > : H$ Whose + N

Ex: The girl is the best student in my class Her shirt is blue

-> The girl whose shirt is blue is the best student in my class

B Defining relative clause & Non- defining relative clause:

1 Defining relative clause: ( T \ quan T có 1 U+ là T \ -^ 0 cho danh

&< có “the”

Ex: The book is very interesting I borrowed it from you

-> The book which I borrowed from you is very interesting

2 Non- defining relative clause:( T \ quan T không có 1 U+ là T \ -^

+ Không dùng “ that” trong T \ này

+ Dùng h$ i" B tách T C chính ra a T \ quan T

+ Không &' -a U = quan T trong T \ này

Ex: My father is a farmer You met him yesterday

 My father, whom you met yestesday, is my farmer

Miss White is a very nice teacher She teaches English

-> Miss White, who teaches English, is a very nice teacher

C Quan hệ trạng từ: When, Where

1 Where là quan

mà nó -^ 0

Ex: VietNam is the place I was born in that place.

-> VietNam is the place where I was born

Library is the place We can borrow book there

-> Library is the place where we can borrow book

2 When là quan

nó -^ 0

Ex: I always remember the day My father went away on that day

 I always remember the day when my father went away

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ( CÂU ?M[R gMYL+

If it doesn’t rain, I will come.

X if  chính

I.Conditional sentence type 1: ( ?\$ kiên U 1) là \$ T có B " ra : T U 2

&; lai

1 Mệnh đề chính: : thì

+ &; lai will/ shall/ can/ may/ must + V1

Ex: If it doesn’t rain, I will come

+ T U ;

Ex: He often falls asleep if the film isn’t good.

+ B T T -9 d$ -5  = nguyên o$ không to)

Ex: Go out if he is angry.

2 Mệnh đề IF : T U ;

+ hiên U ; ( S + V1/s/es)

Ex: If it rains, I willnot come.

II Conditional sentence type 2 ?\$ T U 2) là \$ T trái 1 3 p : T U 2

&; lai

1 Mệnh dề chính: would/ could/ should/ might + V1

Ex: If I were you, I would do that work.

2 Mệnh đề IF: S + were

V2/ed Ex: If I ( be) you, I would do that work

were

If I ( study) more, I would pass the exam

Studied (Ved)

III.Conditional sentence type 3 ?\$ T U 3) là \$ T trái 1 3 p : quá 6

1 Mệnh đề chính: could/ would/ should/ might + have + V3/ed

Ex: If it hadnot rained yesterday, we (play) football.

Would have played

2 Mệnh đề IF: had + V3/ed

Ex: If it ( rain) yesterday, we wouldnot have played football

Had rained

If clause Main clause

S + V1/ s/ es

S + will + V1

IV.Điều kiện trong câu gián tiếp.

Ta H nguyên thì : \$ T U 2 và 3

?^ thì : \$ T U 1

If clause : S + is / am /are thành S + was / were

V1/ s / es V2/ed

thành

Main clause: S + will + V1 S + would + V1

Ex: She said “ If it rains, I willnot come”.

 She said if it rained, she wouldnot come.

PRESENT SIMPLE ( THÌ ZMYL ]tM ?uL+

1 Formation ( cách thành p+

a) Affirmative ( B w !+

- Active: S + V1/s/es

L%$ x = là ngôi 6 ba j ít ( she, he, it ) h" S + Vs/es Ta them “es” khi  = p cùng -5 s, sh, ch, x, z Ex: watches

- Passive: S + is/ am/ are + V3/ed

Ex: She always studies her lesson ( Active)

-> Her lesson is always studied by her.( Passive)

b) Negative ( B x !+

- Active: S + don’t / doesn’t + V1

- Passive: S + is / am / are + V3/ed

Ex: They don’t clean their house ( active)

-> Their house isn’t cleaned by them.( Passive)

c) Interrogative ( B nghi h+

- Active: Do / Does + S + V1?

- Passive: Is / Am / Are + S + V3/ed?

Ex : Do they clean their house? (Active)

-> Is their house cleaned by them ? ( Passive)

2 Use ( cách dùng)

- ?B > thói quen ( trong câu &< có usually, often, always)

Ex: She often gets up at 6 a.m

- ?B >  3 p luôn )

Ex : The sun rises in the East.(

- Khi

as (ngay khi)

Ex: Peter will meet Lan when he goes to school tomorrow.

- Chúng ta ~  thì T U ; B B câu $"T trong quá 6 B các tình % trong câu

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE ( Thì T U % +

1 Formation:

a) Affirmative:

- Active: S + is / am / are + V-ing

- Passive: S + is / am / are + being + V3/ed

Ex: The teacher is teaching a difficult exercise.( active)

-> A difficult is being taught by a teacher.( passive) (to teach – taught – taught) b) Negative:

- Active: S + is / am / are + not + V-ing

- Passive: S + is / am / are + not + being + V3/ed

Ex: The teacher isnot teaching a difficult exercise.( active)

-> A difficult isnot being taught by a teacher.( passive) (to teach – taught – taught)

c) Interrogative:

- Active: Is / Am / Are + S + V-ing?

- Passive: Is / Am / Are + S = being + V3/ed?

Is the teacher teaching a difficult exercise?( active)

-> Is a difficult being taught by a teacher?( passive) (to teach – taught – taught)

2 Use( cách dùng)

- X hành    ra : &; lai ( trong câu &< có Now, at present, at the moment)

Ex: I’m listening to music at the present

- ?B    T dang  ra : &; lai ( &< áp  cho các  = sau Go, leave, come)

Ex: She is leaving for Ho Chi Minh City at 6a.m tomorrow

- ?B   hành    ra lúc nói &< dùng 1 B T T

Ex: Listen! Someone is knocking at the door

PRESENT PERFECT ( Thì T U hòan thành) 1.Formation

a) Affirmative

- Active: S + have/ has + V3/ed

- Passive: S + have/ has / been + V3/ed

Ex: She has done this exercise 3 times.( active)

 This exercise has been done 3 times by her.( passive)

b) Negative:

- Active: S + haven’t / hasn’t + V3/ed

- Passive: S + haven’t / hasn’t + been + V3/ed

Ex: She hasnot done this exercise 3 times.( active)

 This exercise hasnot been done 3 times by her.( passive)

c) Interrogative:

- Active: Have/ Has + S + V3/ed?

- Passive: Have / Has + S + been + V3/ed?

Ex: Has she done this exercise 3 times.( active)

 Has this exercise been done 3 times by her.( passive)

2 Use:

- ?B >  T " ra : quá 6 không xác ! < gian hay > j d ( trong câu &<

có already, never, yet, ever, twice)

- ?B >  T = 1 " ra (just, lately, recently)

- ?B >  T " ra = quá 6 kéo dài 1 T U ( so far: cho 1 bây <D since + B

< gian Ex: since 1995, for +  < gian Ex: for a month)

SIMPLE PAST ( Thì quá 6 ;+

1Formation

a) Afirmative:

- Active: S + V2/ed

- Passive: S + was/ were + V3/ed

Ex: They built this house last year.( Active)

-> This house was built by them last year.( Passive)

b) Negative:

- Active: S + did not + V1

- Passive: S + was/ were + not + V3/ed

Ex: They did not build this house last year.( Active)

 This house was not built by them last year.( Passive)

c) Interrogative:

- Active: Did + S + V1?

- Passive: Was/ Were + S + V3/ed?

Ex: Did they build this house last year? Active)

-> Was this house built by them last year? Passive)

2 Use

- l>  hành  " ra trong  < gian xác ! : quá 6 ( last year, ago, yesterday)

- ?B >  thói quen : quá 6

Ex: I often played football when I was young

- ?B >  $ˆ hành  " ra : quá 6

Ex: She drove her car into the car- park, got out of the car, closed the window, looked and went to the cinema

PAST CONTINOUS

1.Formation:

a) Affirmative;

- Active: S + was/ were + V-ing

- Passive: S + was/ were + being + V3/ed

Ex : My father was planting the trees

The trees were being planted by my father

b) Negative:

- Active: S + was/ were + not + Ving

- Passive: s + was / were + not + being + V3/ed

Ex : My father wasnot planting the trees

The trees werenot being planted by my father

d) Interrogative:

- Active: Was/ Were + S + V-ing?

- Passive: Was/ Were + S + being + V3/ed?

Ex : Was my father planting the trees?

Were the trees being planted by my father?

3 Use:

- l>  T   ra : quá 6 có h U < gian ( at this time, at 7 o’clock )

Ex: He was reading newspaper at 7 o’clock yesterday.

- Hành    ra có hành  khác " %

Ex: He was watching TV when I came

Z   ra Z " %

- @  hành  kéo dài : quá 6 trong câu &< có all: $j+

Ex: It was raining all day yesterday.

- Hai hành    ra j \ 1 While

The children were playing football while Mary was cooking meal.

PAST PERFECT

1 Formation

a) Affirmative

- Active: S + had + V3/ed

- Passive: S + had + been + V3/ed

Ex: They had built this house by 1990

 This house had been built by them by 1990

b) Negative:

- Active: S + had + not + V3/ed

- Passive: S + had not + been + V3/ed

Ex: They hadnot built this house by 1990

This house hadnot been built by them by 1990

d) Interogative:

- Active: Had + S + V3/ed?

- Passive: Had + S + been + V3/ed?

Ex: Had they built this house by 1990 ?

Had this house been built by them by 1990 ?

3 Use

-

before :

Ex: I had lived in Ho Chi Minh City by 1897.

-+ Hành

+ Hành  " ra sau &< theo sau after chia thì quá 6 ;

Ex : I went to school after I had had breakfast.

We had watched TV before we went to bed

TO- INF

1 Formation:

- Active: to-inf

- Passive: to be + V3/ed

Ex: I want to do this exercise

I want to be taken to the zoo by my father

2 Use:

- Hai  = trong  câu thì  = theo sau  có to

GERUND ( V-ING)

1 Formation:

- Active: V-ing

- Pasive: being + V3/ed

Ex: Tom admitted throwing the rock through the window

Mary avoided being recognized by wearing a hat

2 Use

a) Sau 1 = F = thêm ing

Ex: He is fond of reading

1 = V-ing

b) Sau các tính = : H$ ( my , your , his, her , their, our……)

Ex: They regret your moving so far

d) Sau  j F = sau

- enjoy : thích

- avoid : tránh

- detest = dislike : không thích

- miss: -a Ž

- postpone = put off : hoãn U

- mind: làm \

- finish: hoàn thành

- keep : % 

- deny: = j

- delay : hoãn U

- dread: '

- practise : & hành

- imagine = fancy : &: &'

- consider : xem xet

- appreciate : coi

- admit: công p

- quit: = -a

- resist : kháng 3D j j

- suggest: \ !

- escape:

- risk : \$ 0 - mention: C p

e) sau  j nhóm = sau:

- to be use to = to get used to = to be accustomed to : quen + V-ing

- to be busy:

- to be worth : 4

- It’s no use: không có ích

- It’s no good : không có ích

- To be near: suýt d

- Can’t bear = can’t stand = can’t help : không B không

- Feel like: $j

- Have a good time: vui 

- Have a hard time = have difficulty : 2 khó ‘

* Các

1) ?j 1 môt j  = &

Advise = recommend : khuyên

Permit = allow : cho phép

+ L%$  = theo ngay sau nó ta thêm ing

Ex: I advise learning English

+ L%$ cách  túc = thì dùng to

Ex: I advise them to learn English

+ L%$ : B -!  thì thêm to

Ex: He was advised to go out.

2) ?j 1 các  = ( begin, start, continue) ta thêm to hay ing o không ^ 0

3) to stop + V-ing : = không làm H

To stop + to-inf : = B làm gì

4) + remember : 1 / forget : quên / regret : j % + V-ing ( 1 quên, % hành  / " ra)

Ex: I remember learning this lesson

I forget locking the door

I regret not going to school yesterday

+ remember / forget / regret + to-inf : 1D quên, %  làm gì trong &; lai

Ex: please, remember to bring this book

I regret to say that I can’t help you

5) to try + V-ing : ~

To try + to-inf : j 9

Ex: Have you ever tried writing wit your left hand?

( “U có bao < ~ % -5 tay trái không?)

We try to learn English everyday ( Chúng tôi j 9 } anh ‘ ˆ ngày)

6) to mean + V-ing : 0 là

To mean + to-inf : $j

Ex: It means learning hard ( ?\$ * có 0 là } ‘+

Do you mean to help him? ( “U có $j giúp anh h" không?)

7) need / want + to-inf $jD d gì mang ý 0 x +

Need / want + V-ing $jD d gì mang ý 0 -! +

Ex: This tooth needs filling ( Cái

He needs to buy a book ( anh ta d mua 1 #$"B sách.)

1 Dùng sau các  = % $"% ( will, shall, can, may, might, must, should = had better)

Ex: You must keep silent in class

2 Sau các  =

Have / let/ make / help + O + V ko to Ex: The teacher makes us do this exercise

L& khi ^ sang -!  ta  thêm to Ex: We are made to do this exercise

3 Sau các  =  quan

Find/ catch / see / feel / hear / watch / notice / smell + V ko to Ex: He noticed the thief enter the room

 The thief was noticed to enter the room.

 Notes: ?j 1 các  = #$ (Find/ catch / see / feel / hear / watch / notice / smell)

+ L%$ > 1 hành    ra thì ta thêm V-ing

+ L%$ > hành  / h 6 thì ta thêm to

PERFECT GERUND& PERFECT PARTICIPLE

l hai \$ có cách thành p j nhau & do ! trí 6 khác nhau trong câu nên chúng có tên } khác nhau

1 Formation

- Active: having + V3/ed

- Passive : having + been + V3/ed

2 Use:

- Hai hành  có cùng x HD hành  6 hai " ra sau hành  6 hD ta ;

 hành  6 h

Ex: After they had done the test, they went out.

 Having done the test, they went out

Perfect participle

Ex: I had made such a noise I’m sorry for that

 I’m sorry for having made such a noise

Perfect gerund

* Thông &< khi having + V3/ed 6 sau 1 = 2 H câu thì ta } là perfect

gerund, %$ 6 d$ câu thì } là perfect participle.

REPORTED SPEECH

A STATEMENT:

He said to me “I am a teacher.” (*)

- risk : \$ 0 - mention: C p

e) sau  j nhóm = sau:

- to be use to = to get used to = to be accustomed to : quen + V-ing

- to be busy:

- to be worth...

TO- INF

1 Formation:

- Active: to- inf

- Passive: to be + V3/ed

Ex: I want to this exercise

I want to be taken to the zoo by my father

2 Use:

-. .. didnot use to play football in the past

II TO BE USED TO = TO GET USED TO = TO BE ACCUSTOMED TO : QUEN

SM

Use: B nói lên hành  &< xuyên