Note 1: Past Perfect + before + Simple Past Simple Past + after + Past Perfect Note 2: nếu từ when và as soon as dùng trong hành động ở tương lai, CT: will + V as soon as/when Simple pre[r]
Trang 11 Một trạng thái, một hành động lặp đi lặp lại hàng ngày, một thói quen mang tính vĩnh viễn, một sự thật -> Simple Present
S + am/is./are + adj / noun S + am not/isn’t/aren’t… Am/Is/Are + S …?
S + V / V-s / V-es
dành cho ngôi thứ 3 số ít (he,
she, it, Mary, the chair )
S + don’t / doesn’t + V
dành cho ngôi thứ 3 số ít (he, she, it, Mary, the chair )
Do / Does +S…?
Key words: everyday, every time, always, sometimes, often, never, seldom, rarely
Ex: I’m tired
It rains every time I leave my rain coat at home
We get up early everyday
The train leaves at 8 o’clock tomorrow ( lịch trình cố định trong tương lai)
2 Một hành động diễn ra ở thời điểm hiện tại, mang tính tạm thời, hoặc sự thay đổi đang diễn ra -> Present Continuos
S + am/is/are + V-ing S + am not/ isn’t/aren’t + V-
ing
Am /is/are + S + V-ing?
Key word: now, right now, at the moment, at present, look, listen, be careful ,…
Ex: I am living with my friend until I can buy a house
Look! The bus is coming
Where’s your mother? - She is cooking in the kitchen
The population of the world is rising very fast
The usually cook, but today they are eating out
I am seeing my doctor tomorrow (sự sắp xếp, kế hoạch trong tương lai)
Is she working this weekend? (sự sắp xếp, kế hoạch trong tương lai)
3 Một hành động diễn ra trong quá khứ có thời gian xác định -> Simple Past
S + V-ed / V2 S + didn’t + V bare Did + S + V bare ?
Keyword: yesterday, last (last week, last Christmas ), ago, in + năm trong quá khứ…, when I was a child , when she was ten
Ex: My father gave me a doll on my birthday
When she was a little girl, she liked to sing
4 Một chuỗi hành động diễn ra liên tiếp nhau -> Simple Past
ex: It was raining yesterday My sister came home, went upstairs, took her umbrella, and went out again
She left as soon as I came in
5 Một hành động đang diễn ra tại 1 thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ -> Past Continuous
S + was/were + V-ing S + wasn’t/weren’t + V-ing Was / Were + S + V-ing?
Key word: at the time yesterday, at 2 pm last Friday…
Ex: At 8 o’clock yesterday morning, we were driving to Hanoi
6 Một hành động đang diễn ra ( Past cont), bị một hành động khác cắt ngang (Past Simple)
Keyword: when, while
Ex: When I came home, every body was having dinner
She was playing tennis when she broke her arm
7 Hai hành động diễn ra đồng thời Keyword: while
Ex: While my mother was cooking, my father was reading
8 Một hành động xảy ra ở quá khứ không có thời gian xác định, một hành động đã qua nhưng hậu quả của nó ở hiện tại, một hành động diễn ra ở quá khứ và vẫn tiếp tục kéo dài đến hiện tại -> Present Perfect
S + have/has + V-ed / V3 S + haven’t / hasn’t + V-ed /
V3
Have/has + S + V-ed / V3?
Keyword: already, just, never, ever, yet, recently, up to now = so far (cho đến nay), this is the first/second/last time, for, since, during the last 5 years ( trong 5 năm qua), once, twice, three times
Ex: I have seen “Shrek” three times I love it
She has been my best friend so far
Trang 2My grandfather has been sick during the last few days
We have been studying English for 5 years
9 Một hành động diễn ra trước một thời điểm 1 trong quá khứ -> Past Perfect
S + had + V-ed/V3 S + hadn’t + V-ed/V3 Had + S + V-ed / V3 ?
Keyword: until, by the time
Ex: By the end of last March, I had studied English for 4 years
10 Một hành động diễn ra trước ( Past Perfect), một hành động diễn ra sau (Simple Past) trong quá khứ Keyword: before, after, when, as soon as (ngay khi), by (trứơc)…
Ex: Last year, my sister gave me some money as soon as she had got paid
After he had discussed with his wife, he decided to buy the house
Note 1: Past Perfect + before + Simple Past
Simple Past + after + Past Perfect
Note 2: nếu từ when và as soon as dùng trong hành động ở tương lai, CT:
will + V as soon as/when Simple present / Present perfect
Ex: I will return the book to you as soon as I finish reading it / I have finished reading it
Note 3: Present Perfect since Simple Past
Ex: He has been working in my company since he moved here
Exercises
1 When I (arrive) at this house, he still (sleep)
2 The lights (go) out when we (have) dinner
3 As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident
4 While my father (read) a newspaper, I (learn) my lesson and my sister (do) her homework
5 The children (play) football when their mother (come) back home
6 When I (come) home, I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday
7 He (sit) in a café when I (see) him
8 They (go) home after they (finish) their work
9 She said that she (already, see) Dr Brown
10 When we (come) to the stadium, the matches (already, begin)
11 They told me they (not /eat) such kind of food before
12 He (ask) why we (come) so early
13 After they (go), I (sit) down and (rest)
14 Before she (watch) TV, she (do) her homework
15 It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl
16 Yesterday John (go) to the store before he (go) home
17 Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) English in 1970
18 When John and I got to the theatre, the movie (start) already
19 Before Alice (go) to sleep, she (call) her family
20 When the phone (ring), I (have) dinner
21 Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting
22 What you (do) at 6 p.m yesterday?
23 The little girl asked what (happen) to her ice-cream
24 He (teach) in this school before he (leave) for English
25 She (win) the gold medal in 1986
26 Mr John (be) principal of our school since last year
27 Mr Smith (teach) at this school since he graduated in 1980
28 My father (not watch) TV every night He (read) books instead
29 I (meet) Arthur three weeks ago
30 Yesterday the police (report) that they (catch) the thief
31 My friend (thank) me for what I (do) for him last night
32 Someone (steal) my handbag on the bus
33 The Browns (live) in Paris for 7 years when the Second World War (break) out
34 Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days
35 Don’t call me in the afternoon I usually (be) away in the afternoon
36 Mr Clark (be) in New York 2 months ago Mr Rossi (be) in New York until two month ago
37 John (drive) that car ever since I (know) him
38 People (speak) English in most of Canada
Trang 339 The dog (wag) his tail whenever he (see) me.
40 What you (do) when I (ring) you last night
41 I (not see) him since last Monday
42 They (sell) all the books when we (get) there
43 She (play) the piano when our guests (arrive) last night
44 I (come) as soon as I have finished my work
45 I think he (leave) as soon as he (know) the news
46 My mother (come) to stay with us next weekend
47 Where you (spend) your holidays next summer?
48 Violets (bloom) in spring
49 We (not live) in England for two years now
50 I (never forget) what you just tell me
51 They (prepare) the Christmas dinner at the moment
52 When I last (stay) in Cairo, I (ride) to the pyramids on a camel that I (borrow) the day before
53 Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970
54 George (work) at the university so far
55 When he lived in Manchester, he (work) in a bank
56 Birds (build) their nests in summer and (fly) to the south in winter
57 I (lose) my key Can you help me look for it?
58 My teacher wasn’t at home when I (arrive) He just (go) out
59 How long Bob and Marry (be) married?
60 You (receive) any letter from yours parents yet?
61 My brother (join) the army when he (be) young
62 Tom (study) chemistry for 3 days and then he gave it up
63 Miss Lee often (write) when she was on holiday
64 He (leave) home two weeks ago and we (not hear) from him since then
65 I (not see) her for a long time
66 I (not can) remember when I last (see) her
67 When the teacher came in, the pupils (play) games
68 Columbus (discover) America more than 400 years ago
69 Mary (come) from London
70 Up to now, the teacher (give) our class five tests
71 The last train (leave) the station at 5 p.m
72 Long ago, my younger brother often (cry)
73 David (be) born after his father die
74 When I (be) a child, I (want) to be a doctor
75 Please be quiet! I (work)
76 She (play) tennis when she (break) her arm
77 I didn’t like exercising at first But now, I (used to / go) jogging every morning
78 After dinner, Ken (suggest) (go) for a walk
79 Please sit down! I (try) (watch) this TV program
80 It (rain) every time he (go) out
81 Nancy (submit) her résumé before she (know) the position was filled
82 My father (smoke) any cigarette since 2002
83 Be careful! The ladder (fall) down
84 When I got home, he wasn’t there He (go) out
85 When they (go) out of the house they (take) their umbrella because it (rain)
86 At 9.00 on next Sunday, we (have) a dinner at our friend’s house
87 Fred and George are actors They (act) three times a day At the moment they (not act) They (watch) their films
88 You’d better (listen) to other people instead of (talk) about yourself all the time
89 Jimmy (throw) the ball high in the air and Betty (catch) it when it (come) down
90 Only five years ago, there (be) a shortage of computer specialists
91 When Sue looked into the fridge, all the food (go)
92 I can’t find my umbrella – Don’t worry I (lend) you mine
93 At 8 o’clock yesterday morning we (swim) in the sea
94 John and Sarah first (meet) in 1998, and they (be married) for three years now
95 Some people (believe) there is life on the other planets
96 While I (sit) in the café, I (see) a friend and she (join) me
97 How many people (die) in the Second World War?
98 “Where’s the cat?” “It (lie) on the sofa.”
99 When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she (stop) (move) and (listen) carefully