Sau hang ehue nam nghien cdu, hpc hdi ve cdng nghe 3D ciia nhilu nudc, cdc ky su ciia thanh p h i da thanh cdng mpt cdch todn dien trong viee ung dyng cdng nghe 3D trong ITnh vyc x[r]
Trang 1DIEN DAN KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
Xay di/ng nhS bang gach Block khong nung
Hien nay, co khoang 63.000 tri thiJc c6 trinh do khdc nhau (dgi hoc va
tren dqi hoc), 6 nhieu dp tuoi khdc nhau dang sinh song vd ldm viec tgi TP
Ho Chi Minh vd moi ndm daoc bo sung them hdng ngdn ngudi tot nghiep tu
cdc truong dgi hoc Tu doi ngu ndy dd tgo ra hdng ngdn lugn dn, hdng trdm
sdng kien, phdt minh rat cd gid trj, gop phan phattrien kinh te - xd hoi cua
thdnh pho vd dot nuoc
[Jng dyng nhung thdnh qud cua tri thdc thdnh pho duoc cdc co quan
qudn ly Nhd nuoc cong nhgn, chung to cd the gidi quyet dugc 2 van de buc
xuc trang linh vyc xdy dung:
1 Nha 6 tai djnh cu" cho ngudi co thu nhap thdp, cho
cong nhan d cac ithu cong nghiep, cho sinh vien, cong
nhan ky thuat
Nhu c l u nhd d cho cdc d l i tupng tren thi qud Idn trong khi
quy dit cua thanh phd thi cd han, nen nhlt thilt phai xay dyng
cdc eu xd cao tdng
Dja chit ciia thanh p h i khdng ddng deu, nhilu noi rdt x l u
De dam bao ky thudt, khdng bj sup, lun, nghieng se rdt t i n
kem n l u dung cdng nghe xdy dyng truyin thing Ngay td ngdy
anh Sdu Ddn (Vd Van Kiet) cdn lanh dao thdnh p h i , anh da cd
ThS PHAN P H U N G S A N H
Hoi KHKT Xay di/ng TP HCIVl
ehu truong cho nhap cdng nghe, thilt
bj EVG-3D eiia Cpng Hda Ao, song gid thdnh r i t cao (11 trieu USD) Hon nua, ngay l y phin Idn vdt tU phdi nhdp khau, nen chii truong dd chua thanh hien thuc
Sau hang ehue nam nghien cdu, hpc hdi ve cdng nghe 3D ciia nhilu nudc, cdc ky su ciia thanh p h i da thanh cdng mpt cdch todn dien trong viee ung dyng cdng nghe 3D trong ITnh vyc xay dung Cdng nghe 3D da dupc c l p bdng dpc quyin sdng c h l , nhdn hieu hang hda, trd thanh cdng nghe 3D Viet Nam vd da dupe xdy dung thanh tieu chuan qudc gia td nam 2007
Lpi fch khi dng dung cdng nghe 3D trong xdy dyng cd the tdm tdt nhusau:
- Tdng trpng lupng eua todn bp cdng trinh cd the giam td 30-40%
- Gid thdnh edng trinh ed the re hdn 20% so vdi edng nghe xay dung truyin thing
- Chju dddc dpng d i t cd cudng dp
7 - 7,5 dp riehter
- Chju dupe gid, bdo td 250 - 300 Km/gid
- Cdch dm, cdch nhiet rdt tit, cd the giam 30% t i l n dien cho dilu hda nhiet dp
- Ky thuat xdy ldp khdng phdc tap, nhd cac modul da cdng xudng hda, chl cdn ddo tao mpt thdi gian ngdn la trd thdnh "thd xdy l i p 3D"
- Chju dupc nhiet dp 1.000°C trong
NGUdi X A Y D U N G S O T H A N G 6 • 2011
Trang 2ITNG D U N G r^Ar^ T H A N H QUA
2 gid
- Tudi thp cua cdng trinh cd
the keo dai d i n 100 nam (nlu
lam dung ky thuat)
- D l ddng tao dang theo yeu
c l u ciia kiln true su
- Gdn nhd todn bp vat lieu:
thep keo ngudi, xi mdng, x l p
(polyester), cdt, dd mi d i u cd
trong nudc
- 6 cdc dd thj cd nhilu "nhd
mai bang" ed the eoi them 1 - 2
tdng ma khdng phai lam lai mdng
(tit nhien phdi dupc khdo sdt ky)
- Todn bp thilt bj, cdng cy thi
cdng do ta tu san xult, nen re
hdn nhilu so vdi nhdp ngoai Phy
tung, chi tilt thay t h i d l dang,
khdng phai chd dpi nudc ngodi
- U'ng phd vdi bien ddi khf hdu
todn c l u , dng dung cdng nghe
3D trong ITnh vUc xdy dung la
thilt thyc hon ed, bdi nd khdng
dupc dpng ddt, sdng t h i n , bao
to
2 Thay th§ gach ddt nung
truyin thing bdng gach khong
nung hoac gach nhe khdng
nung
Mdi nam ea nudc sd dung
khoang 40 ty vien gach d i t nung
tieu chuan 220x105x60 Nhu vdy,
trong 10 ndm tdi phdi san xudt
hpn 400 ty vien gach, m i t
600.000 m^ ddt set, cd nghTa Id
30.000 ha rupng canh tae se trd
thanh ao, h i nudi ca Cdn 60
trieu t i n than de nung gach, md
ngudn than eua ta s l p can kiet
Qua trinh nung se thai ra 220
trieu t i n CO2, SO2, CO va nhilu
khdi, byi vd eung dpc hai, gay
hieu dng nhd kfnh
Trong nhiing nam 60 eiia t h i
ky trude, miln Bde da san xult
gach nhe khdng nung, song ngdy
l y khdng phdt trien dupc bdi
thilu xi mdng, sdt, thep nen
nhd t h i p t i n g chii y l u la lam
tudng chju luc, b i t bupe phai
dung gach ddt nung Ngdy nay xi
mdng thua thai, sdt, thep khdng
thilu, xdy nhd khung ehju luc la
chi'nh, gach chi lam chdc nang
bao che, nen r i t cdn gach nhe
nhdm giam trpng lupng ciia cd
ngdi nha, cd nghTa la giam chi phf
Lo gach thu cong se bj xoa bo
xdy dyng phdn mdng
Sd dung gach nhe khdng nung se cd ldi fch gl?
- Khdng m i t ddt ndng nghiep, dam bdo an ninh lUdng thyc trong hoan cdnh dan s l mdi ngay mpt tang
- Khdng m i t nhien lieu: than, gaz, ciii ngdy cdng can kiet,
- Khdng thai ra khf dpc hai gay hieu dng nhd kfnh md cd t h i gidi dang keu gpi de han c h l biln ddi khf hdu toan cdu
- Giam chi phf xay dyng td 15
- 20% nhd chi phf lam mdng nhe hon
- Cdch am, cdch nhiet tdt, giam chi phf tiln dien dung may dilu hda
- Xdy dung nhanh hon, nhd kich thudc vien gach Idn, nhlt la xdy dyng nhd tai djnh cu t h i p tdng d ndng thdn, miln niii
phue vy di ddn xdy dyng cdc cdng trinh thiiy dien, thiiy ldi Idn
- Tan dung dupc tro bay d cdc nhd may nhiet dien ddt than Day
Id tro, byi h i t sue dpc hai, song khi da dupe thu hdi thi se trd thdnh nguyen lieu de san xult gach nhe, lam phu gia cho be tdng d i m ldn Bdi thyc chit phdn Idn tro bay la puzolan nhan tao,
cd ki'ch thudc nhd, vd cung cdn thilt cho cdng nghe be tdng
Bp Xdy dung da cd quylt djnh xda todn bp Id gach thii cdng tren
ca nudc, chuyen sang dung cac
loai gach khdng nung, song thdi quen khdng d l dang thay ddi
- Cdn cd cupc van dpng rpng rai qua cac phUdng tien truyin thdng dai chung Cac doanh nghiep thilt k l phai di ddu trong chil truong nay
- Nha nudc cdn cd chi'nh sdch
uu dai d l i vdi cdc nha san xudt gach nhe khdng nung Giai doan ddu cdn uu dai cho nhdng nha ddu tu sddung gach khdng nung
- D i n mpt C|iai doan thi'ch hpp cdn cdng bd: Ddnh t h u l tdi nguyen d l i vdi gach ddt nung, vi dung ddt vd nhien lieu cpng vdi danh t h u l mdi trudng do xa ra tro, byi, khf dpc hai
- Gid thanh gach ddt nung se cao hon, nha ddu tu se chuyen sang dung gach khdng nung re hon, cd chdt lupng tddng duong
- Ngodi gach nhe khdng nung cdn cd gach dung cac p h i lieu, ddt ddi, ddt l i n sdi da, xi Id cao dupe nghiin va polyme hda, qua nung nhe thanh gach dac cd the xay tudng chju lyc
- Ddi vdi mpt s l Id gach hien vdn tdn tai, do chua tim dupc dja diem di ddi hoac chua tim dupe viec lam mdi, Nha nudc cdn cho vay vdn uu dai de hp chuyen sang sdn xudt gach nhe khdng nung, bdi chi cdn khoang 12 ty ddng vd 2.500 - 3.000 m^ mat bdng la cd the san xult ra dupc
12 - 1 5 tripu vien gach tieu chuan
- nhe khdng nung.Q