SOA cung ca'p cac dich vu co ve kie'n true eua he thd'ng thdng tin nhdm the du'dc tai sff dung trong nhieu quy trinh nghiep vu dem lai nhffng chffc nang nghiep vu, khac nhau, giup doan[r]
Trang 1Mo hinh kien true
hiring dich vu ho trgr
quan ly quy trinh kinh doanh trong doanh nghiep nho va vuTa
TRAN THr KIM OANH'
Tom tat
Nghiin ciiu ndy phdn tich vd tong hap nhvtng vdn di liin quan den Qudn ly quy trinh kinh doanh (BPM - Business Process Management) vd Kien triic hUdng dich vu (SOA - Servive Oriented Architecture) Dong thdi, ddnh gid thuc trgng dng dung hi thdng thong tin qudn l^ trong khdi doanh nghiip nhd vd vita d Viet Nam hien nay Tren ca sd do, tdc gid de xud't md hinh SOA hd tra hoat dong BPM cho khdi doanh nghiep ndy
Tit khda: kie'n trdc hudng dich vu, quy trinh nghiep vu, qudn ly quy trinh nghiip vu
Summary
This study analyzes and synthesizes issues related to Business Process Management (BPM) and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) At the same time, it assesses the current situation
of Vietnam-based SME's application of management information system On that basis, the author suggests SOA model to support BPM activity in those enterprises
Keywords: service-oriented architecture, business process, business process management
- - 0
G\6\ THIEU CO SCf LY THUYET VA PHl/aNG
PHAP NGHIEN Cifu Vdi sff tie'n bd ciia cdng nghd, xu hffdng kinh doanh
va phong each kinh doanh eua cac doanh nghiep cung Casdly thuye't
dang thay ddi Tuy nhidn, vide thay doi nhanh chdng Theo Gopala Krishna Behara (2006), cua cdng nghe Idm cho cdc doanh nghidp cQng gap Eric A, Marks va Michael Bell (2006) , nhffngkhd khan trong viec phai ddi mdi de theo kip BPM Id mdt phffdng phap hay, mdt bd
xu the' Kinh doanh hien dai ddi hdi doanh nghiep sffu lap ede cdng cu cho phep doanh phai lien tuc dong bp hda, chua'n hda, td'i ffu hda quy nghiep xdc dinh cdc quy trinh nghiep vu trinh nghiep vu Sff ke't hdp ciia BPM va SOA la mot theo cdc bffdc Quan ly quy trinh nghiep giai phap cho sif gan kd't cdng nghe thdng tin va kinh vu giai quyet vide Idm the nao td chffc co doanh Trong doanh nghiep, SOA cd the tdn tai ma the dinh nghia, md hinh hda, phdt trien, khdng lien quan dd'n BPM vd ngifdc lai BPM eung ed tridn khai, td'i ffu vd quan ly cac quy trinh hgp eua SOA va BPM se ndng cao sffc manh, Idi the lien quan dd'n tffdng tac giffa he thd'ng ciia chiing so vdi khi chung dffng ddc lap SOA cung thdng tin va con ngffdi
cap kha nang de tao ra quy trlnh nghiep vu SOA kdt Trong khi dd, SOA la mot khdi niem ndi long leo vdi BPM SOA cung ca'p cac dich vu co ve kie'n true eua he thd'ng thdng tin nhdm the du'dc tai sff dung trong nhieu quy trinh nghiep vu dem lai nhffng chffc nang nghiep vu, khac nhau, giup doanh nghiep cd the cai tid'n quy trinh hoac la nhffng quy trinh ffng dung mdt lien tuc nham tang kha nang canh tranh va nang cao each thudn tidn nha't cho ngffdi sff dung hieu qua kinh doanh, j^di dang cdc dich vu hoat dpng trdn mdi
ThS Truong Dai hoL \inh Email ManiKilT,«gmail com
Ngay nhdn bai 06/01/2017 Nga^ phdn bien- 07/03/2017: Ngay duyet dung: 14/03/2017
^ ^ Kmlilt- va Dif b;ln
Trang 2dung lai Theo cac nghidn effu trdn, md
hinh tdng quan hd thdng SOA dffdc md ta
thdng qua Sd dd I
Kdt qud nghien effu c3a Jasmine Noel
(2005) vd Gheorghe Matei (2011) cho
thd'y, sff kdt hdp BPM vd SOA giup cai
thidn quy trinh nghidp vu, 1dm tdng kha
nang thich ffng nhanh vdi nhu cau rd't
bidn ddng ciia thi trffdng
Nghidn effu cua Imran Sarwar Bajwa
va cdng sff (2009) da dffa ra md hinh cho
nghidp nhd Nghien ciJu cung da ddnh
gid vdi ddc didm cua khdi doanh nghiep
thay ddi, lian che ve tdi chinh, nhdn Iffe
thi viec ffhg dung SOA va tridn khai he
thd'ng BPM dffa tren SOA Id mdt ldi thd
Theo IBM (2009), ngodi vide BPM
dffdc tang them sffc manh khi difa trdn
SOA, thi ngudc lai, ldi ich ciia SOA ciing
tang len khi kd't tidp vdi BPM BPM giiip
SOA xdc dinh cdc dich vu tff quy tnnh
nghidp vu, cung nhff quan ly rui ro kinh
doanh thdng qua phan tich riii ro ciia cdc
quy trinh nghidp vu
Theo Jasmine Noel (2005) vd Gopala
Krishna Behara (2006), md'i quan he
giffa BPM va SOA dffdc the hidn bang sd
dd sau (Sddd 2)
Trong Sd do 2, cd sd vat cha't ha ting
SOA se to chffc vd hd trd, dong thdi 1dm
trung gian cung ca'p dich vu cho BPM
Cdc dich vu dffdc dffa ra se difdc sff dung
trong cdc quy trinh khdc nhau, Sif thay
ddi dich vu khdng anh hffdng dd'n quy
trinh Quy trinh se sff dung lai cdc dich
vu khac nhau khi can thie't Sff thay ddi
quy trinh se dffdc thffc hidn nhanh chdng
hdn d cap dd doanh nghiep Bdi, SOA
se tdeh ridng quy trinh va trien khai ffng
dung Cae giao tie'p giffa quy trinh va ffng
dung chi xdy ra thdng qua mdi trffdng
tich hdp Nhu' vay, SOA lam giam thieu
khoang each giffa md hinh hda quy trinh
vd trien khai ffng dung
Gopala Krishna Behara (2006) cung
cho rang, BMP dffa tren SOA se lam
cho ban than mdi ffng dung manh hdn ra't
nhieu khi chung dffng ddc lap Cac dich vu
difdc ke't nd'i vdi nhau de di de'n mdt quy
trinh nghiep vu tdng hdp, SOA giam thieu
khoang each giffa phan Uch kmh doanh va
phat trien cdng nghe thdng tin Quy trinh
nghiep vu va dff lieu cd the dffdc xem xet
va thie't ke ddng thdi de truy cap vao cac
ffng dung va ed sd dff lieu
t^rjuon Gopala Krishna Behata ( 2 0 0 6 ) , Eric A Marks
Michael Bell (2006)
S d DO 2: M O I Q Q A N HE G I S A BPM V A SOA
1 T.^«n„™* 1
f
BPM
"i!'"rinr
:.'=
".".r
^ _ ^ ^
.Nguon^ Jasmine Noel (2005) va Gopala Krishna Behara (2006)
HiMH ! • T A M G QOY TRiMH MGHIEP V U THOMG Q G A
T A N G D|CH V g
n:\u i;v cpa!
35
Trang 38.5%
s Tif 1 flen 9
a TO 10 (Jen 50
• Tren 50
HlNH 3: SO A N G DUNG DA DCftJC TRIEN KHAI THEO QOY MO
DOANH NGHlgP
100%
90%
70%
50%
30%
10%
0%
• TCr 1 d^n 9
• T C f 1 0 ( j 4 n 5 0
• Tren 50
1 den 2
22.40%
11.20%
0%
1 3 a ^ n 6 75%
81.30%
88.20%
7 tr6 len 2.60%
7.50%
11-80%
Nguon So lieu dieu tra cua tac gia
Phuang phdp nghien cdu
Nghien effu sff dung phUdng phdp phdn tieh, tdng
hdp ede tai lieu lidn quan Ddng thdi, sff dung phffdng
phdp thd'ng kd md td dffa tren ke't qua khao sdt dilu tra
bang bang hdi
Dff lieu sd ca'p dffdc thu thap thdng qua phffdng
phap khdo sdt, dieu tra Cdc doanh nghidp dffdc dieu
tra cd quy md chu yd'u Id nho va vffa d 3 tinh, thanh
phd'la: Nghe An, Ha Npi, TP Ho Chi Minh Thdi gian
dieu tra tff thang 04/2015 dd'n thang 08/2015 So' phie'u
hdi thu ve la 200 phie'u, mdi doanh nghiep hdi 1 phid'u
Ngffdi tra ldi phie'u la lanh dao va ngffdi phu trach cdng
nghe thdng tin cua doanh nghiep Dff lieu sau khi thu
thdp dffdc sff dung phan mem Excel de xff ly, dffa ra
cac thdng tin dap ffng muc tieu nghien effu
KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU
ThUc trang dug dung h? thdng thong tin qudn ly
tai cdc doanh nghidp nho vd vda Vi^t Nam
Theo ke't qua dieu tra cua tae gia, trong sd' 200
doanh nghiep nho va vffa thi ty Id doanh nghidp theo
quy md sd Iffdng lao dong nhu sau: phan Idn cdc doanh
nghiep nho vd vffa cd quy md tff 10 de'n 50 nhdn vien
(53,5%), tie'p dd'n la doanh nghidp co quy md tff 1 dd'n
9 nhan vidn (38,0%), sd'doanh nghiep cd quy md tren
50 nhan vien chi chie'm 8,5% (Hinh 2)
Ve trien khai ling dung: Hau hd't cac doanh nghiep
cd tff 1 de'n 4 ffng dung khac nhau da difdc trien khai
thffc hien (69.5%) va ed 30.5% doanh nghidp ed hdn
trien khai nhieu nhat bao g6m: he thdng
qudn IS kd todn tdi chinh (100%), he thdng qudn 1-$ luang (87,5%), he thdng qudn If nhdn su (71,5%), he thdng qudn
ly bdn hdng (47,5%) Tid'p sau dd la he thdng qudn ly-kho (36,0%) va he thdng qudn ly tdi sdn (34,5%)
Phdn tich theo quy md, ty 1? doanh nghidp chi trien khai 1 de'n 2 iSig dung nhff sau: ddi vdi cdc doanh nghidp sidu nhd Id 22,4%, doanh nghidp nhd la 11,2% Ty Id doanh nghidp trien Jdhai 3 de'n 6 ffng dung: ddi vdi doanh nghiep sieu nhd 75,0%, doanh nghiep nhd Id 81,3%, doanh nghiep vffa Id 88,2% T^ Id doanh nghidp ttien khai tff 7 iiiig dung trd len: doi vdi doanh nghidp sieu nhd Id 2,6%, doanh nghiep nhd la 7,5%, doanh nghidp vffa Id 11,8% (Hinh 3) Cdc cdng cu, ngdn ngff lap tiinh diing xdy difng hd thd'ng cung phong phu
nhff: Ngdn ngU lap trinh Visual Basic, C++, Java, ASP, PHP
vi mdc dS vd cdch thdc tuang tdc gida cdc vtng dung: Cdc ffng dung trong
doanh nghidp cd the tffdng tac de' cung cap thdng tin, dff lidu cho nhau Cdch thffc tffdng tdc giffa cdc ffng dung cd the
la tffdng tdc thu cdng hoac sff dung chffc nang cd san hoac tff vidt ehffdng trinh TiTdng tac thu cdng nghia la khi dff hdu can dd'n dff lieu nay thi phai nhap vao bdng tay Con nd'u hai ffng dung da dffdc thie't ke de cd ,thd' trao ddi thdng tin, dff lidu nghTa la tffdng tdc bdng chffc nang
ed sdn Ngodi ra, cd the tff viet ehffdng liinh de lam cho hai ffng dung ddc lap tffdng tdc dffdc vdi nhau
Theo kd't qua dilu tra khao sdt, trong
200 doanh nghiep chi cd 4 doanh nghiep
da tnen khai he thd'ng hoach dmh nguon Iffc doanh nghiep ERP, cdc phan hd, nhff: Quan ly ke'toan tai chinh, Quan ly nhan sff, Quan ly Iffdng, Quan ly bdn hang , trong he thd'ng hoan toan cd the tffdng tac vdi nhau bdng chffc nang cd san do
da dffdc thid't kd' tong the ngay tff d^u ffng dung Quan ly ke'toan tai chinh Cdc doanh nghiep cd tff 2 ffng dung trd Idn chu ye'u tu'dng tae vdi nhau bdng phffdng phdp thu cdng, mot so' it tffdng tdc bang chffc nang cd san va ra't it doanh nghiep tff vie't ehffdng trinhjffdng uic
Mo hinh SOA hd tra BPM cho doanh nghiep nho vd vda
Hinh 4 cho tha'y vdi cdc ffng dung
36
Trang 4vd viiTa, nhff: ffng dung quan l^ nhdn sff,
qudn ly tai chinh k^ toan, Iffdng, ban
hang, mua hang, kho cd thd' dffdc phdt
trien tai cdc thdi diem khdc nhau, s^
dung cac ngdn ngff Idp tnnh, nhff: Java,
C++, Net., vdi cdc hd quan tri cd s6 dff
dieu hanh Windows, Linux,,, dIu ed the'
tieh hdp dffdc vdi nhau qua mdi trffdng
tich hdp Mdi trffdng tich hdp ddng vai
tro trung tam, 1dm cho cdc ffng dung cd
th^ kd't nd'i dffdc vdi nhau Thdng qua
mdi trffdng tich hdp vdi "clu ndi" la cdc
cho nhau, hffdng tdi tff ddng hda cac quy
trinh nghidp vu trong doanh nghidp Giai
phap tich hdp ndy ra't linh boat dd'i vdi
doanh nghidp nho vd vffa Khi can phat
trien cdc ffng dung mdi, vide sff dung lai
ede dich vu se 1dm cho vide phdt trien
ddn gian hdn, nhanh chdng hdn va dd td'n
chi phi hdn
KET L U A N
Ke't qua nghien clJu cho thd'y, BPM
vd SOA cd the tao sff kd't hdp hoan
hao cho doanh nghidp BPM giup dmh
nghTa, md hinh hda, thie't ke', trie'n khai,
giam sdt, quan ly quy trinh nghidp vu
Cac dich vu cung cap cac chffc nang hd
trd cdc quy trinh nay SOA cung ca'p khd
l/rgdyngtiusn^
Z
ENTERPRISE SERVICE BUS Nen t i n g c6ng ngH ! Web Services
tfrg dyrg quan ly mua hang
^
ndng cho cdc dich vu dffdc ke't hdp va hd trd de tao sff nhanh nhen vd linh boat trong kinh doanh BPM ma khdng dffa tren SOA se khd khan de md rdng doanh nghiep SOA ma khdng cd BPM se thid'u kha nang
de sff dung cac dich vu hd trd kinh doanh linh boat vd nhanh nhay SOA tao ra cdc thdnh phan kinh doanh dffdi dang md dun va dong gdi logic kinh doanh vdi cdc giao dien di kem.U
TAI LH;U THAMKHAO
1 Nguyln True Le (2014) Mdhinh kie'n true hffdng djch vu va khuyd'n nghi cho Vidt Nam, Tap
chi Kinh te & Plidt irii'n, so'204(11), thdng 06/2014
2 Tran Thi Kim Oanh (2014), Kie'n true hu'dng dich vu - sff Iffa chon phil hdp cho doanh nghidp
nho va vffa Viet Nam hidn nay Tap chi Kinh te & Phdt tnen, thang 11/2014, tr, 59-67
3 Eric A Marks, Michael Bell (2006) Ser\nce oriented architecture: A planning and
implementation guide for business and technology, Wiley & Sons
4 Gheorghe Matei (2011), SOA and BPM, u Partnership for Successful Organizations,
Informatica Economic, vol, 15, no 4/2011
5 Gopala KiTshna Behara (2006), BPM and SOA: A Strategic Alliance, BPTrends
6 IBM (2009) Achieving business agility with BPM and SOA together
1 IBM (2009) Business Process Management Enabled hy SOA, Redbooks
8 IBM (2006) Patterns: SOA Foundation -Business Process Management Scenario, Redbooks
9 Imran Sarwar Bajwa, Ali Samad, Shahzad Mumtaz Rafaqut Kazmi, Abbas Choudhary
(2009) BPM meeting wuh SOA: A Customized Solution for Small Business Enterprises, International
Conference on Information Management and Engineering
10 Jasmine Noel (2005) BPM and SOA • Belter Together IBM Corporation
11 Mike Rosen, Boris Lublinsky, Kevin T Smith and Marc J Balcer (2008) Applied SOA
Servii e-Orienled Architecture and Design Strategies, Wiley, Indiana
12 Thomas Erl (2005) Service-Orienled Architecture: Concepts Technology, and Desisn
Prentice Hall PTR
37