@ Relative pronouns Các đại từ quan hệ : - Who người mà, mà : chỉ người và làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.. - Which vật,việc,sự kiện:chỉ vật,việc,sự kiện và làm chủ ng[r]
Trang 1I Vocab: environment(n):môi deforestation (n): phá garbage dump (n): bãi rác, sewage(n): ! " (to be) disappointed (a): # $ pollution (n): ô & spoil(v) , sand( n ): cát, leaf (n): lá dissolve (v): tiêu () polluted (a): * ô & harm (v): làm , , energy (n) - %. , prevent (v): - - / avoid (v): tránh, exhaust fume: khói " junk-yard(n): garbage dump, treasure (n) : kho tàng, kho báu, litter (v ): stream (n) 5 cover (v) ; che ( foam (n) : $ Smell(v):mùi, có mùi, Flies(n): = Float(v):trôi, >
Grammar notes:
II Adjectives and adverbs:
1.Adjectives:
+ Chức năng :dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hoặc đại từ
Ex : Lan is a naughty girl She strange talk to her friends
+ Vị trí: Đứng trước danh từ, đứng sau ( to be)
Ex: Mai is an excellent student She is very good.
2 Adverbs:
a Adverbs of frequency:
[ always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, rarely ( sedom), never ]
+Chức năng: diễn tả hành động theo thói quen hàng ngày, thường dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn
Ex :We usually go to Da Lat in the summer.
+ Vị trí : đứng trước động từ thường , đứng sau ( to be)
Ex: You never believe me You are always angry with me
b Adverbs of manner:
[ Được cấu tạo từ một tính từ thêm đuôi “ LY”]
+ Một sô tính từ thường dùng :
- beautiful - beautifully - happy - happily
+ Chức năng: diễn tả mức độ hành động , bổ nghĩa cho động từ thường + Vị trí : đứng sau động từ thường
Lan is a good student She studies very well
III Adverb clause of reasons:
+ Mệnh đề phó từ chỉ lý do là mệnh đề phụ để trả lời câu hỏi với ( Why?) , G HI này
bắt đầøu bằng các liên từ :
[ As , because , since ] + S + Verb
Ex : Lan didn’t go to class yesterday because she was very sick
IV Adjectives + that – clause : ( Tính H/ sau là N G HI danh )
S + BE + Adjective + that + S + Verb
Ex : I am happy that you won the first prize in English speaking contest
V Con ditional sentenses – Type 1
+ Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để diển tả 1 khả năng có thể xảy ra hoặc thành hiện thực ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Trang 22 RG , U V
3 RG , hoàn thành + S + will + Bare Infinitive may Ex: If it is fine tomorrow , we will go for a picnic
We may visit our old teacher if we have finished our work.
You can go out if your father is sleeping UNIT 7: SAVING ENERGY
water bill(n): hóa HS HG reduce (v) : Y " enormous (a): 1> %=, amount (n) : 5 %.
plumber(n) : Z 5 ! make sure, dripping faucet : vòi rò ! solar (a) : N I / (
family word ) sun (n )
solar energy : - %. / solar panel : # U \ - %. / nuclear energy : -
%. , nhân, total (a) : toàn N coal (n) : than H install (v) : %Y H/ heat (v) : làm nóng lên, power(n) energy, percent (n) : % , luxury (n) : xa 0_ 7 necessity (n) : nhu )U 7 consumer (n) : a person who buys and uses goods : tiêu dùng, account for (v) : U replace sth with sth : thay
cái gì a cái gì
e.g: I replaced a broken window with a new one last (v) : kéo dài
scheme for (n) : 1U , cho, efficiency (n) : U 1G - %.
II Grammar notes:
A Connectives : ( Từ nối câu)
1 Coordinating conjunctions ( liên từ kết hơpï)
+ AND : 5 thêm ý vào Gd HI ! nó
+ BUT : H ra N ý S " ! G HI ! nó
+ FOR : H ra N lý do " thích cho hành HN e G HIf !
+ OR : nói lên % $
+ SO : HI \ HU 1U g " ( hành HN e G HI !
Ex: - Lan is sick and she can not go to school
but she can go to school for she was in the rain all day
or she is not fine today.
so she has to stay in bed
2 Transition words: ( M )V ý) – dùng HV 5 2 ý liên quan %, ! nhau
+ Moreover - Furthermore ( S Z Dùng HV thêm thông tin cho ý i #
Ex: This bike is very beautiful , moreover , it wasn’t expensive.
+ However - Nevertheless : ( / dù , tuy \) ) dùng HV & " ý . ! ý i # ?
Ex: The weather is very beautiful today ; however , I don’t like to go for a picnic.
+ Therefore – Thus : ( do \) nói lên 1U g " ( ý i #
Ex: the weather was too bad ; therefore, we decided not to go for a picnic
3 Phrasal verbs ( jN ghép) là HN ! N !
CN 5 HN ghép dùng :
[ look at : nhìn vào ; look for : H tìm ; look after : trông coi , - sóc ; look up : tra i ;
Turn on : e ; turn off: Y ; turn up ; turn down ; put on : H/ vào ; put off Hk ]
4 Making Suggestion: ( Cách nói câu HI * )
a S + Suggest + V-ing
Ex: I suggest going to the restaurant
b S Suggest + that + S + should + V ( Infinitive)
Ex: I suggest that we should go to the restaurant
c Why don’t we + V ( infinitive) …?
Ex: Why don’t we go to the restaurant ?
d Shall we / Let’s + V ( Infinitive )
Ex: Shall we go to the restaurant ? + = Let’s go to the restaurant.
e What about / How about + V- ing ?
Ex : What about going to the restaurant ? = How about going to the restaurant ?
UNIT 8: CELEBRATIONS
occur (v) : happen : & ra, decorate ( v ) : trang trí
e.g.: My father asks me to decorate the living-room before Tet holidays every year.
Trang 3Passover (n): %& quá R" freedom (n) : do, slavery ( n) : nô %G Jewish (n) Do Thái,
ancient (v) : > 0 parade(n) : H & hành, active (a) : - HN activist (n) : , HN
nominate= vote (v): q r
charity (n) : lòng G describe (v) : & " hug(n) : s hôn, considerate (a): ân q generous(a):
N %. priority(n) : tiên, sense of humor : 1U hài ! , distinguish (v): phân
I tin, enhance (v): tôn vinh
support (n) : ( N nationwide(adv ) :toàn g 5 Compose (v) :, Satisfy (v) Làm lòng, Jumper (n)
")
II Grammar notes:
A Relative clause : ( CG HI quan G
Relative Clauses ( P%1 QR quan 1PD (Unit 8 and 9)
@ CG HI quan G là G HI U nào ?
@ Em H $ Z %, G HI quan G nào và cách dùng ( chúng là gì ?
@ Relative pronouns ( Các H, quan G ) :
- Who ( mà, mà) : _ và làm ( Z / tân Z trong G HI quan G?
- Which
G?
- That ( mà) : _ \ G 1G và làm ( Z / tân Z trong G HI quan G?
- Whose ( mà ??? ( : & " 5 quan G e Z Z danh Hi ngay ! và ngay sau
nó
a) Defining Relative Clause ( $P%1 QR quan 1P 1S% QT%1D
Ex : Lan is the girl who/that is standing next to the window.
N S V _
Relative clause
The girl (who/ whom) Tom is drawing is Lan
N O S V
The book which/that you lent me is very good.
This is the temple (which/that) we saw on TV last night.
The mothers whose children passed the exam feel so happy.
@ Note : Ta có &1W 4XY "Z các QS+ &\ quan 1P Q+ khi chúng làm tân %0` trong $P%1 QR quan
1P
b) Non - defining Relative Clause ( P%1 QR quan 1P không 1S% QT%1D
Ex : My monitor, who often appears in the charity show on TV , studies very well.
This is my village, which I told you about.
@ Note : không dùng “that” trong $P%1 QR quan 1P không 1S% QT%1
2 Adverb clause of concession: ( CG HI phó _ . N )
[ Although – Though – Even though : $e dù , dù …]
Ex : Although he is very foor , he is honest man UNIT 9:
I Vocab:
Turn up (v) z/ to, Thunderstorm (n) Bão có # sét và to, Delta (n) Châu > Just in case : Phòng
khi
forecast(v): E báo, Trust (v) = rely on, Expect (v): l H. Highland(n): Cao nguyên, bucket (n) ;xô rope (n) . dây Candle (n): U Tie (v) N Latch (n) 5 r Blanket (n) I - Available
(adj) có giá * Damage (v) = Spoil, Block (v) : / khóa, Roller (n): Con %- doorway %5 vào,
corner : góc, eruption (n): : phun trào.Tidal wave: sóng q abrupt:, shift (n): )V * warn:
" báo, suck – up: Tornado: A5 xoáy,- Behave ( v) r i r, Shelter (n) + a place of safety, All
of sudden = Suddenly,
II Grammar notes:
Relative clause : ( CG HI quan G (Cont) UNIT 10: LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS
Trang 4Spacecraft (n): tàu { s Meteor (n): Sao - Evidience (n) Alien (n): xa %, ngoài hành tinh Capture (v); Claim (v) -microorganism (n), Gemstone (n); kim S Sparkling (adj) %# lánh Creature (n): vi sinh \ , Trace (n); # U Mineral (n) khoáng # ?
Imagination (n)
Trick = a cunning action
Mysterious (adj)
Flying saucer = UFO
II Grammar notes:
Conditional sentences – Type 2
S + Past subjunctive ( quá 1i " H*) could S + would + V (bare infinitive)
might
Ex: - If I were rich , I would buy a big house
- If I went to Ha Noi , I could visit Ho Chi Minh ‘s Mausoleum
* MAY/ MIGHT: Dùng HV & " hành HNd có V 0") ra trong S lai
Form: S + may/ might + V inf (I’m not sure where I spend on Tet holidays,but I may stay in Da Lat).
* Dùng “may /might” & " xin phép (permission) e G , { e S lai
Form: May / Might + Vinf Ex: May I go out now, sir?
* Dùng “may” HV 1e Hq câu chúc Ex: May you live long long life!
* Ta
Ex: I may as well join in the army with my old classmates
EXERCISE:
A #j %01+P$
I Circle the correect answers A,B,Cor D to complete each of the following senteces :
1 I suggest _ up the beach.
2 Where _ you go if you have acar ?
3 We feel very _ today.
4 Where are the photos _ were taken at the Christmas party ?
5 We are saving money _ we want to buy a new car.
6 He loves his parents very much and want them to be
7 Nguyen Du was famous _ in Viet Nam.
8 he wishes he English well.
9 If Ba _ here tomorrow , I will call you
10 He didn’t have much money , _ he bought a lot things for Tet.
11 The washing machine was expensive we couldn’t afford to buy it
12 Tom enjoys strange stamps.
13 If she continues to use electricity that way , she _ to pay a large bill.
14 They are discussing the celebration that is going to _ this month.
15 There will a shortage of electricity
16 The air is polluted there is too much traffic.
Trang 5A because B but C however D therefore
17 WE all like the sticky rice cakes are made by grandmother.
18 Linh didn’t come to the party because he had to his younger sister.
19.They made their living by _ fish in the ocean every day
20 They feft when Tet was coming near.
21 Thuy’s grandmother turn the television _ to see the weather
22 Audl Lang Syne is a song which is sung on
23 There is too much traffic , the air is polluted.
24 Solar energy doesn’t cause
25 My friend Nigel, works in the City Bank , earn much more than I do.
26 If people _ energy, there will be no shortage of electricity.
27 The children laugh _ when they rae watching the comic.
28 In 1995 ,a huge earthquake the city of Kobe in Japan.
29 I look _ to seeing to protect of environment from the local authority.
30 I suggest _ harder on the pronunciation.
31 He told me he to leave the city the following day
32 I am _ that I can go to Dalat this time
33 If disasters in an atea , people from the other area will offer their help
A happen B will happen C happening D would happen
34 Viet Nam is a country _ exports a lot of rice
35 Last night , I was watching TV my mother was cooking in the kitchen.
36.Run or you’ll not catch the ball.
37 If I _ a bird, I would be a dove
38 Scientists say that if people see a UFO, it _be a spacecraft
39 Where you go if you have a car?
40 You will fail the exam, you study harder
= k 4/l%
I Change these sentences into passive
1) We do our homework every day
2) Paula decorated the room yesterday
3) They have repaired this office since May
Trang 6
5) Did your father build that house ?
6) What should we do now ?
7) They will repair this road next year
8) We must prepare our lesson well before going to school
9) Vietnamese women often prefer to wear modern clothing at work
10) They are going to build a new bridge in the area
11) People should stop experiments on animals
12) They made jean cloth completely from cotton in the 18th century
II Complete the correct form of thes verbs
1.I (have) these cards since my birthday
2.The last time I (go) to Bristain was in August
3.Look! It (Snow) outside
4.Your drees .(look) very nice
1.I (have) these cards since my birthday
2.The last time I (go) to Bristain was in August
3.Look! It (Snow) outside
4.Your drees .(look) very nice
5 Nam suggested ( take ) ………….showers instead of baths to save water
6 .If Ba ( come )……… here tomorrow, I will phone you
7.Nga’s house ( build )……… in 1995
8 They ( live )……… in that house for several months
9.He ( live ) ………in Da Lat since 1995
10 He is too busy ( take )………….care of her
11.The excited children were looking forward to ( speak )………….with the foreign teacher
12 13 Minh begins ( play ) ……… kite with his friends
14 Tuan ( buy )……… this novel when he ( visit ) ………… Hue last month
15 Tung ( not / do ) ………his home work last night
16.I (do) ………… an exercise on the present tenses at this moment
17.My mother sometimes (buy) ………vegetables at this market
18Daisy (cook) ……….some food in the kitchen at present
19.When I (arrive)……… at his house, he still ………(sleep)
22.Bill (have)……… breakfast when I (stop) ………… at his house this morning
23.As we (cross) ………the street, we (see)……… an accident
24.Tom (see) …………a serious accident while he ………… (stand) at the bus stop
25.While my father (read)……… a newspaper, I (learn) ……….my lesson
27.They (do)……… nothing since they (get)………… up
28.– How long …….you (live)………… in this town?
29.Why don’t we ( go) ……….to the Revolutionary Museum?
30.How about ( go) ……….to Ben Thanh market this afternoon
31.let’s ( go)……… to the Revolutionary Museum now?
32.I suggest ( get)……… something to eat first
33.I suggest that you ( have ) ……….dinner
34 If Ba ( come )……… here , I would phone you
IV Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form
Trang 72 They ( not see) ……… each other since they left school.
3 Why don’t we ( put ) ……… the garbage bins around the school yard to keep it clean.
4 I suggest ( go ) ……… to school by bus every day.
5 We (go) ……….to school late due to the traffic jam yesterday.
6 I think we should ( buy) ……… some canned food before a typhoon.
7 Although she never (trust) ………the weather forecast, she only likes watching them.
8 Many people around the world say they ( see) ……… flying saucers.
9 If I (be) ……… you, I would stay at home.
10 If Ba were rich, he ( traval) ……… around the world.
11.………… you ever (see) ………… UFOs ?.
12 The most dangerous earthquake in Japan ( occur) ………… in 1923.
13 Most of our electicity now ( come) ………… from coal, mine and gas.
14 We can ( save ) ……… natural resources by using solar energy.
15 I ( learn) ……… English for four years.
16 What ( be) ……… the purpose of the labeling scheme.
17 Every year, Jewish people ( celebrate) ……… freedom from slavery on the Passover.
18 In 1971, two men ( claim) ……… they were captured by aliansand taken aboard a spacecrft.
19 We ( have) ……… a picnic in the mountain with some of my friends next week
20 On Easter day, young children ( receive ) ……… chocolate or sugar eggs – as long as they are good
III Điền một giới từ thích hợp cho các câu sau
1 I'm looking forward _hearing from you
2 We were interested _ the program on T.V last night
3 She prefers walking _swimming
4 I look _my lost key everywhere but I can’t find it
IV Hoàn thành mẫu câu sau: AND, BUT, SO, BECAUSE.
1 I like Mary very much, I don’t like her brother
2 I can’t go out tonight I haven’t enough money
3 She went to the theatre last night, she had a wonderful time
4 I enjoy learning English , I enjoy learning Marth,too
V Rewrite the following sentence
1.Many tourists enjoy festivals in in VietNam Tourists don’t understand Vietnamese culture very much
2.I bought a new computer It cost me a lot of money.(which)
………
3.I think it would be a good idea to take the train
I suggest……… .
4.I know some people They live in London.(who)
5 Ann is very friendly She lives next door.(Using: who)
………
6 The postcard was from Harry It came this morning (Using: which)
………
7.It was a beautiful day We decided to go out.(Using: so)
………
8 Shall we go to the cinema tonight ? (begin with: What about….)
……… …
9 I lose the key , so I can not get into the house (begin with: If… )
………
10 It’s going to rain, so we can’t go camping
If
11 I think it would be a good idea to take the train
I suggest
12 I lost my bike I bought it 2 years ago (which)
Trang 813 I know the man He lives in your neighborhood (who)
14 Nam always gets bad marks He is very lazy (so)
15.I think it would be a good idea to spend the summer vacation in Da Lat
I suggest
16.Her book is widely read It is well –written ( relative pronoun)
………
17 Study harder or you’ll fail in the next exam
If you don’t………
18 Why don’t you go to the dentist , Tom ?
Mary suggested Tom ………
19 It started to rain ,so we stopped playing tennis
We stopped playing………
20 The flowers are beautiful .You brought them
The flowers which………
21."I am going to Hanoi tomorrow", he said
He said that
22 I said to Mrs Hoa, "What sports do you often play?"
I asked Mrs Hoa
23 "Is there a TV in the bedroom?", I asked the landlady
I asked the landlady
VI Rewrite the following sentences as directed in parentheses:
1 We don’t know much about tennis rules We like to play ( however )
………
2 Smoking is not good for our health Many people like them ( even though )
………
3 We always love our former teacher She is very kind ( using relative pronoun )
………
4 My best friend gave me a lovely cat ( change into passive voice )
………
5 He loves humorous stories He doesn’t like ghost stories ( but )
………
6 Tom is one of my closest friends He is very intelligent (which)
………
7.she didn’t eat much She was hungry.(although)
………
8 Let’s go to the movie theater (I suggest ……)
………
9 I don’t understand you You speak very quickly.(if )
………
10.Lan is my classmate She lives near my grandparent’s house (using a relative pronoun)
………
11.It rained heavily My father went to work on time (using “although”)
………
12.We don’t have enough money, so we can’t buy that house (If)
………
13.The trousers are too small for me I bought them yesterday
(combine into one sentence, using a relative pronoun)
………
14.We hadn’t seen Lisa for a long time so we didn’t recognize her (using “because”)
………
15 She isn't English She speaks English perfectly.(Combine into one sentence using Although)
Trang 9
17.We don't have enough money to go on holiday
If we
18.we / would / the flight / afraid / were / you / miss / that.(Write sentence in the correct order)
19 Let 's go abroad for our holiday this year
Why -?
VII/ With the cues given, write a complaint letter.
1 I am/ write/ some people / who catch fish/ in/ public lakes//
2 What/ make/ me / worried / be / that / they / using / dynamite to catch fish //
3 This / kill / only / fish / also / other water creatures //
4 I would suggest / you/fine/them/heavily//
5 I/look/to/see/your solution//
VIII Put in the correct prepositions:
1 Have you ever heard UFOs ?
2 Some people bevieve that UFO is a spacecraft _ another planet.
3 Lang Son is _ Ky Cung river
4 Hurricane Andrew swept southern Florida _ August 1992.
5 I think we should put different kind waste _ different places
6 If we go no wasting water , there will be a shortage fresh water _ a few decades
7 This label tells the consumer how much ebergy efficiency each modelhas, compared other of liances the same category.
8 It’s possible to store solar energy _ a number _ days
9 I’m looking forward _ hearing from you.
10 We were excited _ the program on TV last night.
11 We prefer walking swimming.
12 I look _ my lost key everywhere but I can’t find it.
13 Lan is waiting me the bus station.
E/2P& m! BGH nhà &#Xn%0 E/2P& m! &o chuyên môn 0Xn+ ( S%
... phone you7.Nga’s house ( build )……… in 199 5
8 They ( live )……… in that house for several months
9. He ( live ) ………in Da Lat since 199 5
10 He is too busy ( take )………….care... studies very well
III Adverb clause of reasons:
+ Mệnh đề phó từ lý mệnh đề phụ để trả lời câu hỏi với ( Why?) , G...
- Which
G?
- That ( mà) : _ \ G 1G làm ( Z / tân Z G HI quan G?
- Whose ( mà ??? ( : & " 5 quan G e Z Z danh