Day la boat ddng mang nhdng dac diem ridng cda Phat giao nhdng cdng nam Uong khudn khd cda van hoa Id hdi Vidt Nam. Trong mdt nam, Giio hdi Phat giao tiiddng td chdc mdt sd Id hdi ldn[r]
Trang 1T I P chi Cdng tic Tdn giio VAN HOA DAO OCrC TON GIAO
Mpt vai suy nghi ve moi quan iie giira
van hoa Pliat giao vai van tioa dan tpc
HONG CHUONG
di dan tdc trdn thd
gidi ddu ed mdt
ndn van h o i
ridng, nen van hoi iy duge
hinh thanh va phit tridn
theo ljch sd dan ldc, lam
eho cudc sd'ng cua eon
ngudi da dang, phong phu
hon, mgi ngudi sd'ng hai
hoa vdi cdng ddng vi su
tdn tai va phat trien cda
dan tdc Van hoa dan ldc
ludn phan inh dac diem,
dae trdng eua dan tdc, ldi
sd'ng, phong luc top quan,
gii tri dao ddc, gii tri thim
my, gii trj ljch sd tmydn
thd'ng, sd van minh sing
tao eua dan ldc
Trong Ijeh sd, ke Id khi Phat giao ddgc
hinh thanh, du nhap va phat trien d Viet Nam
lhi edng xuit hidn van hoa Phat giao Cd y
kid'n cho ring, van hda Phat giao la nen van
hda ridng bidl, cd ban sic ridng, khdng phu
thude vao van hda dan tdc, song cung cd y
kid'n eho ring, van hda Phat giao la mdt bd
phan cua van hda dan tde Da cd thdi ky cd
nhidu y kid'n mac cam vdi van hda Phat giio,
cho van hda Phat giio la van hda torn linh,
lham chi mang tinh md tui, coi van hda Phat
giao chi la van hda cda cie phat id, khien
trong xa hdi cdn nhidu ngddi thd o, ihid'u
quan torn tdi boat ddng cda Phat giio Thdc
ra van hda Phat giio edng la mdt hinh thai y
thde xa hdi phan inh gii tri dao ddc cudc
sd'ng, kbit vgng cua con ngudi chd khdng
phai ridng eua phat id, van hda Phat giao cd
linh dac lhu ridng, ludn gin lidn va gdp phin
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ldn vinh ban sic van hda dan tgc Xin ndu miy dac lrung co ban:
Van hda Phat giao bao gdm nhidu hinh thai: van hda im tiiuc, van hda giao tiep irng
xu, van hda kid'n true, van hda Id hgi, van hda
am nhac v.v Trdn timg linh vuc, van hda Phat giao ludn phan anh nhihig quan nidm, quan didm, nguydn tie va cdng khong toch khdi nhihig net dac lrung cua van hda dan ldc
Van hoa am thuc Dae lrung ldn nhit van hda im thuc ciia Phat giao la luc an chay, tot ca cac mdn an cua Phat giao ddu dugc chd bid'n td thuc vat
Quan nidm cua Phat giao la khdng sal sinh, khdng giet cie loai ddng vat vi khi gidl ddng vat lhi thiy rd su rit dau ddn, cdn thuc vat la loai vd Iri vd giac, dimg cac loai thuc vat che bid'n thanh cac mdn an gid'ng mdn an tu dgng vat, ngudi an khd phan bidt gida mdn an
Trang 2VAN HOA DAO DLTC TON GIAO TIP chi Cdng tic Tdn giio
ddng vat va thde vat Dd la didu phu hgp vdi
van hda im thuc cda dan tdc Cac cd chay
ddgc chd bidn phd hgp vdi thdc an cua cac
vdng midn cdng thd hidn tinh da dang Uong
cie mdn an cua dan ldc An chay cdn mang
linh khoa hge, cd tie dung ehda mdt sd' bdnh
cda ngddi gia, dd'n nay vide an chay edng
khdng cdn xa la lrong cie ngay Id hdi cua
nhan dan
Van hoa kien true
Khi xuit hidn Phat giao d Vidt Nam la
xuit hidn van hda kid'n tnic Phat giao Didm
ndi bat cda van hda kid'n true Fhai giio dd la
kidn Irdc ehda, noi thd Id, kid'n tnic quy
hoach mat bang khudn vidn cac edng Uinh
Nhin chung kid'n tnic nha ehda qua cie thdi
ky, cie vdng mien cua dit nudc ludn mang
ban sic ndn kidn tnic chung cda dan ldc Viet
Nam, dd la ldi kid'n tnic cd mang dam da ban
sic cda nen kinh td ndng nghidp, ndng thdn,
vda mang tinh cd kinh, vda mang tinh Iinh
thidng Tdy lheo mdc dd khae nhau cda mdi
dja phdcmg nhung ve kid'n tnic cua cie ehda
ludn bao dam xay dung d noi thoing mit,
ydn tinh, ed vudn, ed ao, cay xanh, khdng khi
trong lanh Kid'n tnic noi thd Id ludn thd hidn
Idi kid'n tnic cd cua ndng thdn Vidt Nam, ncd
thd Hi ed Id dudng, thd tu dugc phan cip thd
cac chdc sic lheo bd bac, trang tri ndi thit
Uong chua d tot ca cac hang mue ddu dugc
cham khic linh xao, trang tri cie dd thd tu
trong chua dugc bd tri hai hoa, hgp ly, miu
sic thudng la son son Ihidp vang lam ldn vinh
ve linh thidng cua ngdi ehda Tuy trang tri ndi
thit ril phdc lap nhung hai hoa, khdng bi rdi
mil Khi vao ehda, mgi ngddi deu thiy ldn
nghidm, Uang trgng, trdi bd ddgc tot ca
nhihig uu phien trong cudc sd'ng de tinh tiiin
dugc sang khoai, vui ve, thd hidn dugc ldi
sd'ng van hoi dao ddc cda ngddi Viet Nam
Van hoa Id hoi
Day la boat ddng mang nhdng dac diem
ridng cda Phat giao nhdng cdng nam Uong
khudn khd cda van hoa Id hdi Vidt Nam
Trong mdt nam, Giio hdi Phat giao tiiddng td
chdc mdt sd Id hdi ldn nhd: Mdng nam mdi
Id phat Dan, Id Vu qui Id ciu sidu v.v den vdi Ld hdi Phat giao, mgi ngudi ddu thiy tinh trang nghidm, doan kd't, hudng thidn va ludn dugc sip xdp nghi thdc ehu dao ca phin hdi
va phin Id Cac Id hdi cda Phat giio deu bao dam tfnh giio due dao ddc Idi sd'ng, tang cudng doan kdl xay dung mdt xa hdi td't dep, gat bd didu ic, khuyd'n khich mgi ngudi lam vide thidn, mong mud'n diy Idi nguy co ddi ngheo dau khd, hudng tdi mdt cudc sd'ng an vui td't lanh, cie tue phdng sinh Uong Id hdi nhu tha ci, tha chim la nhiing bieu hidn kbit khao cudc sd'ng lu do, ydn binh, hanh phdc
Ld hdi Phat giao bao gid cdng ddgc quan tam nhidu dd'n phin Id, ludn dugc giio buSii kinh Phat, nhic nhd mgi ngudi thuc hidn lot ldi day cua ddc Phat, ciu trdi dit phd hd cho qudc thii, dan an, eiu chue cho mgi ngudi cd cudc sd'ng tdt dep
Trong Id hdi Phat giio thudng cd am nhac, van hoi am nhac Phat giio cdng rit phd hgp vdi van hoi am nhac vdng mien, nhd d mien Nam phd hgp va phu thude vao van boa am nhac ddng bing Nam Bd, d midn Tmng phu thude vao van hoi Hud, d mien Bic phu thude va anh hudng van hoi am nhac Bic Bd Ndi chung am nhac Phat giao thudng dugc sang tic, bieu didn eu thd hoi Idi day cda ddc Phat, ca nggi non sdng dit nddc va con ngddi Viet Nam, ddc mong cho dan ldc cddng thinh, ca nggi Dang, Bic Hd, nhic nhd eae phat td thdc hidn nghidm cac chu imcmg chinh sich cua Dang va Nha nudc
Trong Id hdi cua Phat giio cdn id chdc cae hoat ddng td thidn, xay ddng co sd noi thd id, giup dd ngudi ngheo, ngudi ed hoan carih khd khan, dieu nay phd hgp vdi ldi kdu ggi eua Dang va Nha nudc
Vdn hoa giao tiep va umg xur
Van hoi giao tidp va dng xd cua Phat giao cdng nim trong khudn khd van hoi dng xir cua dan ldc Vidl Nam, tiid hidn thii dd than thidn va binh ding, kinh Udn nhudng dudi gida con ngddi vdi con ngudi Fhong tue khi chao hdi, cie phat td ludn chip toy vai "Nam
Md A Di Da Phat" thd hidn tuih khidm
Sfi 3-2010
Trang 3TIP chi Cdng tic Tdn giio VAN HOA DAO DL/C TON GIAO
nhudng trong giao lidp, nhd va lam tiieo Idi
Ph^l day Trong quan hd, Kinh Phat ludn day
phai binh dang, bac ai va ed van hoa Uong
giao lidp, dng xd
Giao tid'p va dng xd trong phat giio edn
thd hidn mdi quan hd gida ngddi ddng cip va
ddi vdi ngudi cd ehde sic, mdi quan hd than
thidn vdi chinh quydn va nhan dan vdi tinh
thin doan kd't, kdih trgng va ihdong ydu lin
nhau, giio due Idng nhan ii, ddc linh khidm
nhddng, long thuy ehung, dd cdng la dac
lrung cua van hoa dan tdc Viet Nam
Van hoa Ph$t giao luon hudng thien cho
con ngudi vi mot xa hoi hanh phue
Ddc Phat day cie phat td ludn sdng phai
cd torn va ddc, hidu va nghia Trong cdng
ddng xa hdi sdng khdng ed torn, khdng cd
hidu, nghia la thidu dao ddc Den ehda va noi
thd Id, mgi ngudi ddu dugc trdi bd nhihig
phidn mudn lrong ddi sdng de dugc thanh
than hem, td bi hon, sd'ng cd dao dde hon Ldi
Kinh Phat day:
Dem ydu thucmg vao noi lhu oin
Dem tha thd vao noi nang nhue
Dem an boa vao noi tranh chip
E)em chan ly vao noi Idi lim
Dem anh sing vao noi ldi tom
Dem an ed dd'n chdn u siu
Mddi bdn dieu day cua Phat la dd giao
due dao ddc con ngddi Phat day chuin mdc
dao ddc cua con ngddi la "ngu gidi", "luc
hoa", "tiiap tiiien", "bat chuih dao" , ludn
khuydn ran eon ngudi gal bd didu ic, khuyd'n
khich lam didu thidn, cd nhihig hanh ddng vi
hanh phdc cda chdng sinh, vi long ydu
thuong cda con ngddi, ed Idng vi tha, cdu
nhan dd thd', cdu khd cdu nan Nhidu id chdc
Phat giao trdn ea nudc thdi gian qua da dung
ra td chdc qdydn gdp, gidp dd ngddi ngheo,
nhung ngddi khd khan, hoan nan, td chdc
nudi day Ire md cdi, co nhd khdng noi ndong
lira, la mong cho hg cd cudc ddi an lae, td't
dep, hanh phue
Phat giao ludn hirdng cho con ngudi tu
tudng hoi binh, hanh phue, chdng bao luc
chien tranh v^ bit cdng trong xa hdi Ddc Phat day cac phat td phai bidt chju ddng khi khd khan, phai bid'l hy sinh vi lgi ieh chung cda top the va dan tdc, khdng dugc dem su gian dd tra lai su gian dd, dem
su dd ky tra lhu ddi vdi ngudi khae, khdng ddi diu, liy cai ic tra thu cii ac, dem long ban thd de tra lhu ngudi khie bing hanh vi thidu dao dde
Trong qui tnnh dung nudc va gid nddc, da
ed nhidu tom gdong phat id ddng gdp tieh Cdc Uong chid'n diu chdng dd qudc xam luge, gianh lai hoa binh eho dit nudc, bid'l bao ngudi da hy sinh anh ddng vi ddc lap tu do cho Td qude Trong edng cudc xay dung dit nudc, khdng ft phat id ed nhidu ddng gdp cho edng cudc xay dung boat dgng id thidn, tfeh Cdc lham gia phai Uien kinh td'xa hdi eua dja phuong chdng lai sir bit edng lrong xa hdi va nhihig hanh vi bit chinh gay dau khd eho ngudi khae
Phat giao ludn giao due con ngudi tinh khoan dung, Idng vi tha, hudng tdi mgt xa hoi doan ke't yeu thuong nhau
Kinh Phat day "Ld vat ldn nhit cua loai ngudi la khoan dung, cd long ydu thuong ngudi khae nhu chinh ydu thuong minh" Con ngudi sd'ng phai cd long vj tha, sd'ng phai vi hanh phue cua ngudi khi:; Ldng vj tha mdi la thuong ydu ngudi khae va chinh thuong ydu ngudi khae mdi la vj tha
Theo Kinh Phat, tinh thuong ydu eon ngudi la "ihuong ngudi nhu the thuong than"
Tu ludng chung vd giao due long thuong ydu con ngudi cda Ddc Phat la: "La lanh dum la rach", "La rach il dum la rich nhieu" midn la Uong xa hdi bdt di khd cue, bit hanh Td dd kdu ggi cae phat td ein lam lot cdng vide id thidn, quydn gdp cdng ddc giup ngudi ngheo, nhdng ngudi bit hanh, khuydn ran va giio due tha thd eho nhihig ngddi ldi ldi, hudng cho hg ud thanh nhihig ngudi luong thidn Cac boat ddng van hoi phat giao du d gdc
(xem tiep trang 54) Sfi 5'2010 41
Trang 4TOT DOI DEP DAO T|p Chi Cdng t i c Tdn giio
dan cu, xung quanh chiia toan
la cay cdi xarib tdt bat ngan,
dang sau kdnh rach ching chit,
mdi thiy rd su can dam ciia
hai su ed Chung toi cd tddng
chda nam d noi xa ving nay,
se cd rit it phat tii dd'n day Id
Phat, nhdng cd nhin vao bang
thanh lieh phue vu edng tie td
thidn xa hdi Uong thdi gian
vda qua va nhdng torn anh top
the treo trang trgng trong
phdng khaeh vd eae Id hdi eiia
nha chito, chdng ldi vd ciing
cam phue va thiy hai sd cd
thdc sd khdng cd quanh giiia
noi nay, ma xung quanh cdn
cd Dang uy, chinb quydn, cac
doan the Uong xa Tan Phd, Phdng Tdn giao
huydn Thdi Binh cung ddng dao phat td va du
khaeh thap phucmg Ngudi nhd rtiiung tri Idn,
vdi torn Idng nhan ai bao la, hai su ed da ddng
gdp eho ddi bing nhidu vide lam tdt dang Iran
Ugng va Uong mda xiton mdi Canh Din nay,
hai su cd cdn thudng xuydn gidp dd nhdng gia
dinh thdong binh Udi sy gap hoan canh khd
khan, nhirng canh ddi bit hanh, nhihig tre em
bj cha't dde mau da cam , quydt tam xay
dung thdm nhidu gid'ng bom toy va nhidu cay
ciu mdi cho ba con Uong huydn, dd ba eon
khdng edn eanh phai di ghe, di xudng phue vu
Hai sU c6 t^i budi l§ phdt t$ng phin thudng cho hpc sinh nghdo xa Tin Phu
lao ddng san xuit
Tmdc nhihig thanh tich dang uan Ugng ciia hai su cd, thdi gian qua, nam nao sd cd Thich nd Didu Hud va Thich nd Quang Tin eiing dugc Hdi Chd thap dd cua huydn Thdi Binh va tinh Ca Mau tang giiy khen va bing khen Hinh anh cao dep nhan ii ciia hai su cd ludn dgng lai Uong tom kham cda mdi phat td
va ba eon Uong huydn Thdi Binh Chung ldi ciu Trdi, nidm Phat dd cho hai su ed ludn cd sdc khoe vidn man, lam ddgc nhieu vide ldt gidp ich cho ddi •
Mot vai suy nghi ve
(tiep theo trang 41)
dd nao cdng ddu liy Kinh Phat lam chd dao,
hudng cho cie phat id thdc hidn theo giio ly
cda Phat giao, dd la long td bi, tinh thdong
ydu con ngudi vdi con ngudi, cdu gidp con
ngddi thoat khdi sd dau khd hoac tdi ldi
Ddc Phat cdn day: "Cdu mdt ngudi phue
ding ha sa"
Hoat ddng phat giio ndi chung, van hoa
phat giao ndi ridng lrong nhdng nam gin day
da duge Dang, chfnh quydn cac cip quan torn chl dao sau sat nhit la cdng tie giio due chfnh Ui tu tudng, giao due dao dde, Idi sd'ng, cham Io diu tu eg sd vat chit noi thd tu cua hdi Hoat ddng cua Giao hdi Phat giio Vidl Nam da gdp phin tich cue vao cdng cudc ddi mdi cua dit nudc Nhidu Id hdi cda Phat giao ludn dugc td chdc Ugng thd, ddng nghi thdc, thu hdt ddgc ddng dao phat td tham gia, lam cho ddi sd'ng tin ngddng, tdn giao Udn ca nudc sdi ddng hem Idn Day la minh chdng boat ddng cua Fhat giao Vidl Nam cd budc phat tridn mdi, gdp phin tdn vinh van hoa dan tdc •
Sfi 3 -2010