chinh hdi la ngay 7 thang 3. nhu'ng thiic te khdng khi le bgi da day len tfl ngay d i u thang. Cac tang ni. Tang ni, phat tfl cd mat xung quanh tfldng lam ram dgc kinh, mem Phat. chap[r]
Trang 162 Nghien curu Ton giao Sd6 - 2009
MOT HO U ) HOI P H A T GIAO OOIVG NAM^ A
Q ua trinh tham nhap tfl tfldng Phat
giad vad le hgi dan gian Ddng Nam
A dien ra ben bi lau dai, nhflng g i n nhfl
khong cd xung dot ve he y thflc Ce dfldc
k e : qua dd, trfldc het la dd ban chat mdi
Idai hinh tdn giao deu da hfldng tdi khai
thac the gidi tam linh con ngfldi, giup con
ngfldi li giai nhflng hien tfldng sieu
nhien, an ui nei bat hanh cua tflng sd
phan ma khi ay trinh do khoa hgc ki
thuat chfla phat trien, van hda xa hdi cdn
au tri
Tuy bieu tfldng van hda tam linh cd
khac An Do giao, nhflng vdi muc dich
bfldng thien, giao due con ngfldi sd'ng tfl
giac nhan thflc chinh ban than minh va
the gidi xung quanh, nen Phat giao thu
hflt dfldc ddng d i o quan chung Ndi
chung, vai trd cua Phat giao trong ddi
sd'ng van hda le hdi dan gian la tfldng ddi
thd'ng nha't ve ndi dung c i m hda va hinh
thflc bieu hien theo nhip dieu thdi gian
cua Phat lich Phat giad da truyen vad
cac tieu vfldng qud'c Ddng Nam A thdi
trung cd kha sdm Cac nha nfldc phong
kien phan lap da tflng nang Phat giao
thanh qudc giao The che hda nhflng net
dep van hda vd'n da sinh sdi nay nd trong
ddi sd'ng van hda tam Iinh, da tao ra
nhflng bflde phat trien riic rd cua Phat
giao Dfl da trai qua nhieu bien cd lich sii,
le hgi Phat giao van tdn tai vd trd thanh
nhu c i u hfldng thu van hda khdng the
thieu cua h i u bet nhan dan lao ddng
TRl-ONG SY HUNG'*'
O cac nfldc Dong Nam A luc dia, Nep sd'ng theo tfl tfldng Phat giao bieu hien tfldng ddi thd'ng nhat vdi nhau trong le hdi nong nghiep Tfldng flng vdi ngay sinh cua Dflc Phat, tfl d i u thang Tfl den ngay 15 (theo am lich) dfldng nhfl ca vung Deng Nam A deu rdn len khdng khi nad nhiet ciia le hgi mang tinh qud'c gia
O Viet Nam trfldc khi cd sfl thong nhat lay ngay 15 thang Tfl td chflc le hgi, cac pbat tfl thfldng de'n chfla dang boa le Phat vao ngay 8 thang Tfl va ggi la ngay
"But sinh cd de" Theo nghi le truyen
thd'ng, ngay tfl nhflng ngay d i u thang, ta't ca cac tang ni, phat tii deu nhd ngay Phat dan sap den Ai ai cung lo sam siia
dd cung chay tinh, hfldng mdi, hoa tfldi qua dep ddi ngay hgi le den chua lang le Phat 0 cac thanh phd', dd thi nhieu ndi, cac kieu rflde tfldng Pbat luc mdi ra ddi ci tfl the dflng thang, hai tay an quyet, tay trai chi len trdi, tay phai cbi xud'ng da't Sau le rfldc Pbat, cac nha sfl dgc kinh cau Phat ban cho phflc lanh ; • • :i: Dae biet, dflc Phat Man Nfldng d chfla Dau dfldc kinh sach ghi lai la sinh ngay 8 thang 4 hien van dfldc tdn kinh, tin nghia
Kinh Co Chdu Phdt bdn hgnh da viet: Ddi Hdn Linh De hien ra
Phdt sinh xudt thi, thiin hg phong lifu Viet Nam ddt, hieu Giao Chdu
TS Vien Nghien ciru Dong Nam A
Trang 2Nhin xem cdnh udt dia ddu sdn
xuyin'^^
T r o n g be thd'ng le hdi cac chfla Tfl
P h a p , le t a m P h a t r a t dfldc p h a t tfl c i n
trgng Ce t h e ndi, hgi c h u a D a u la le hdi
tdn giao k e t hdp ca ki n i e m n g a y s i n h cua
Dflc P h a t Thich Ca va Dflc P h a t M a n
Nfldng vdi le cau mfla ldn nha't d v u n g
ddng b a n g Bac Bg Viet N a m Su tich Dflc
P h a t M a n Nfldng d a dfldc sach L i n h N a m
chich quai ghi lai tfl t h e ki XV Di n h i e n
la t r o n g d a n g i a n d mdi ndi v a n cd nhieu
di b a n k h a c di c h u t it Xin tdm Ifldc nhfl
sau: "Man Nfldng la con gai dng Tu Dinh,
vao c h u a L i n h Q u a n g xin hgc P h a t Sfl
K h a u Da La t r u tri d c h u a thfldng di
t h u y e t p h a p d xa, n h i e u I i n trd ve chua
vao luc dem k h u y a M a n Nfldng hay ngu
quen n e n cd h d m r a cfla n a m ddn t h i y
Mgt hdm, sfl K h a u Da La vd tinh bflde
qua ngfldi M a n Nfldng n e n M a n Nfldng cd
thai, bd c h u a ve n h a de C h a me dudi
Man Nfldng M a n Nfldng vao rflng, dflng
am cd d ddi n g a y s i n h con S i n h con xong,
Man Nfldng be eon de'n chfla t r a sfl Sfl
d a t dfla trtJ vao gd'c cay d a u (dan lang
Man Xa d T h u a n T h a n h , B i c N i n h kieng
ten buy, ndi chech la du), cay bong nflt
t h a n , chfla r a mdt k h o a n g t r d n g de dfla
tre n i m Igt vao gifla rdi k h e p lai May
nam sau, mgt cdn mfla bao ldn lam dd
cay Cay troi t h e o ddng nfldc de'n Luy Lau
thi dflng lai Si N h i e p cho ngfldi k e e cay
gd thi k h o n g ai keo dfldc Khi M a n Nfldng
(ten ndi, t u n g dai y e m r a keo t h i cay gd
nhe n h a n g len bd Tha'y sfl la, d a n l a n g
cho c i t cay gd l a m bdn d o a n de tac tfldng
thd Pho tfldng thfl nha't vfla tao xong thi
may den v i n vfl d a y trdi n e n d a t ten la
P h a p Van P h o thfl h a i tac xong thi trdi
(id mfla i m i m n e n d a t ten la P h a p Vfl
Pho tfldng thfl ba t a c xong thi sa'm ndi
d u n g dflng n e n d a t ten la P h a p Ldi Pho tfldng thfl t u tac xong thi chdp Ifla loang loang n e n d a t la P h a p Dien
Bd'n pho tUdng P h a p Van, P h a p Vu,
P h a p Ldi, P h a p Dien tac xong dinh dUa vao bdn c h u a d q u a n h v u n g de thd nhflng
k h o n g ai k h i e n g len dUdc M a n NUdng biet la k b i cUa go, dUa be hda da d p h i n giUa cay bi n h d m thd day xuong sdng Ba vdt len dem ve c h u a ggi la T h a c h Q u a n g Luc ay, d a n l a n g mdi k h i e n g ndi tUdng ve cac chfla T h i e n D i n h (tfle c h u a Dau),
T h a n h Diio, P h i Trfldng va Tri Qua Tfldng t r u y e n , k h i M a n Nfldng bd chua ve
n h a , sfl K h a u Da La cd dfla cho mgt cay gay Cay gay cd p h e p la neu cam gay xudng da't thi cd nfldc t r a o len Gap k h i
h a n b a n , M a n Nfldng lay gay cam xud'ng
d a t la'y nfldc dem lai nguon sd'ng cho mgi ngfldi Cd ndi ke la "sfl K h a u Da La niem chu, hd phong d i o vu" thi trdi mUa
Tuy n h i e u Idp van hda d a n xen nhU the, tiiu t r u n g tich P h a t M a n NUdng va
TU P h a p t r o n g le hgi chUa Dau van t a p
t r u n g chu de c i u mUa, n a n g cho cay cdi
x a n h tUdi, con ngUdi s m h sdi nay nd d
v u n g Kinh Bac cd m a y cau ca:
Mong tdm thdng Tu khong mi/a
Bo cd cdy biia md udt lua di Ngdy tdm thdng Tii cd miia
Me con di sdm ui tri/a nggi gi
Hoac:
Ml/a ngdy mdng tdm thdng Tii But con de niia id sii lo gi''
TbUc ra, le hdi chua Dau khai hdi tfl ngay 6 d ca bd'n ndi thd chinh tai B i c N m h
1 Vien Nghien ciiu Han Nom Di vdn chua Dau
Nxb Khoa hoc xa hoi H 1997
2 Vien Nghien ciru Han Nom Di vdn cliua Ddu Stid
Trang 364 Nghien curu Ton giao Sd6 - 2009
Ca vflng ddng bang Bac Bd da nhan rdng
le hgi bang each dflng them chua thd
Phat Tfl Phap
Sfl tich dflc Phat Xanden va Mathi
trong le hgi Phavet cua Lao cung cho
tha'y hai vi Phat d day cung la Phat ban
dia Le hgi Phavet va le hgi chua Dau deu
dien ra trong thang Tfl Rd rang la mdi
nfldc deu da cd Phat ban dia ra ddi Phat
Man Nfldng d hdi chua Dau thuan tuy
nhap the cbi nfldng theo phep m i u do sfl
Kliau Da La cbi giao, cdn Phat Xandon va
Mathi cua Lao thi dflgc ca ngdi d cdng dflc
bd thi Le hgi Phavet la cd da'u an cua
than An D(i giao, le hgi chfla Dau cd dau
an cua Than cay
Loiii hinh le hdi thfl hai cd lien quan
de'n "Banh xe phap luan" trong dao Phat
d Ddng Nam A cung rat phong phu Tuy
nhien, cac le hgi dan gian dd khdng phuc
dflng lai nhflng bflde dfldng dflc Phat di
thuye't phap Mdi le hdi cu the gan lien
vdi mdt vi dflc Phat mdi nao dd da dfldc
cfl dan suy tdn Vi la Phat ban dia nen vi
nao cung mang dau an t h i n linh, cd
ngudn goc dja phfldng
Hdn dau bet, tfldng Phat d chua Keo
Thai Binh, nhfl mgt bao tang my thuat
Phat giao Ggi la chua Keo vi chfla lam d
ap Keo cU Thiic te day la mgt quan the di
tich bao gdm mdt chua thd Phat va mgt
den thd thanh du'dc kien true rat dac biet
mdt mat tdn sflng dao Phat den mflc dien
hinh d Viet Nam, met mat rat de cao dflc
thanh Khdng Ld cflng da trd thanh vi
Phiit ban dia Mgi thu tuc nghi le cung
bat khdng phan biet trong ngay hdi, trong
cac ngay sdc vgng
Lt"' hgi chfla Keo dfldc to chflc mdi nam
hai bin Lin thfl nha't dien ra trgn mdt
ngii\- viio (lip sau ttil Nguyen dan ngay 4
thang Gieng Dan lang tap trung ve chua lam le dang cung d i y du; "dang, tra, hfldng, hoa, qua, thflc" va xm phep thanh Phat cho tie'n hanh hdi xuan dau nam Hdi xuan d i u nam d chua Ked thflc chat
la le hdi c i u may, xin Phat t h a n h phfl hg cho dan dfldc cdm no ao am xm thanh giup sflc bang phep la cho trdi mfla gid thuan hda, cho mfla vu boi thu va chan nudi phat trien
Xfla kia, tham gia td chflc hdi chua Keo cd tam giap Sau nghi le cflng Phat, hdi thi nau cdm dfldc tien hanh Dflt ba hdi trdng ldn tam chang trai dai dien cua tam giiip lay Ig sanh ra ad chfla mflc gao, xiet dau, gia hot va lay Ifla tfl hai thanh cdt tre gia Sau mgt tuan hfldng, sau khi trdng diem bad het thdi gian thi, mdi giap cflng du hai dia xdi, hai bat cdm, bd'n bat che, hai tlia banh Giap nao dat mgi tieu chuan tdt thi dfldc trao giai thfldng cua hgi Ca tam mam deu dfldc mdi khach va chu trong hgi hfldng ldc d i u nam Trong hdi cd ttac thi bat vit Hai con vit khde, to dUdc tha xud'ng ao rdng trfldc cfla chfla, tam chang trai cfla tam giap bdi lan san vit bang tay phai, tay trai gifl mdt la cd dudi nheo bang gia'y sao cho khdi fldt Ai bat dfldc vit, cd khdng bi n g i m nfldc thi
thang cugc Cudc thi thfl ha \a thi nem
phao Hai cay tre cao khoang sau, bay met dfldc budc mdt doan tre khac cd khoang each ba met, d gifla treo mdt ndn phao Ndn phao hinh chdp ciat phat gia'y kin, trong long ndn cd mdt la de tam
thudc phao, mot day phao tep cd phao
dflng d doan ket Ngfldi chdi dflng phao top rdi, dflng dfldi san ddt, nem vao ndn phao, Chi khi nao cd ngUdi nem trung
ndn phao: phao nd cbiun vao la dc, la de
bdc chay phao nd theo, bdn ([ua jibad dung nd xt'' tan ndn phao thi cd mdt dfl
Trang 4nhd t u n g ra keo t h e o la phfldn cd ddng
chfl "Thien b a t h a i binh, p h o n g d a n g hda
coc '
L a n thfl b a i d i i n r a vao t h a n g 9, cflng
cd m a t du t a m giap K h d n g k h i l i hdi rdn
len tfl ngay 10 Cac p h a t tfl, t a n g ni cflng
lo lau rfla, t u c h i n h dd thd, t i m tfldng va
thay ao tfldng t h a n h Ngay 11, dflng cd
dai cfl bd'n mfldi hai c h a n g t r a i tre
khieng kieu Cac giap lo hdi t h u y e n bdi
t r i i xud'ng sdng
Ngay 13, l i hgi c h i n h thflc L i P h a t ci
trong chfla do m d t vai cu c h a m lo, Hgi thi
bdi chai dien r a r d n r a n g t r e n mdt k h u c
song k h o a n g n a m cay so' T r a i t h a n h gai
tu, ngfldi gia, t r e em nd nflc reo hd cd vfl
Cugc vui khde keo dai sud't b a n g a y hdi
Cac bac Nho lao t a p t r u n g tai chfla thi
viet va dgc v a n te' t h e o chu de "Luc
cung""" Budi tdi, ta't ca nhflng ngfldi
khieng kieu, c i m cd, mtac ddng va chflc
sac deu vao trfldc b a n thd t h a n h , lc c i u
an Ngoai s a n c h u a hdi thi d a n h trdng
thdi ken v a n g dgi 12 gid dem, chfl hdi
lam le cung egt cd phfldn
Ngay 14, s a u le d a n g bfldng, d a m rfldc
bat d i u dieu h a n h Di d i u d a m rfldc la
ddi ngfla gd cd b a n h xe keo, rdi den t a m
la cd ngu sac b a t biiu di trfldc kieu t h a n h
Ben c a n h k i e u t h a n h cd mdt t h u y e n rdng
va mgt chiec nfla n h d hdn d a t t r e n gia
tieu dinh va t a m t r e mtac ddng di theo Dd
la bieu tfldng dien lai t h a n t h e sti n g h i e p
cua Tbien sfl K h d n g Ld Gifla chiing
dfldng di cua d a m rfldc cdn cd h i n h a n h
ba C h a n g theo K h d n g Ld len trdi b a n ca
cung sail con rdi gd k h a c ddn chao O ao
chua cung luc cd mdt con t h u y e n chd t a m
dfla tre te c h i n h t r o n g t r a n g phtac le hgi
dang bdi q u a n h cflng la phii c a n h dien lai
cugc ddi cbiii Ifldi khi T h i e n sfl Khdng Ld
chfla xua't gia di tu Chieu 14 trudc ban thd t h a n h cd dieu m u a tdn giao "ech vd"
do mUdi h a i "chan kieu" (ngUdi k h i e n g kieu) bieu dien
Ngay 15 ket t h u c hgi v i n dien lai le
d a n g cung Tai tda gia roi lai cd le cheo
t r a i can h i u t h a n h
Le hgi chfla L a n g va le hdi chfla T h a y (Ha Ndi) la mdt hien tflgng t a m li tdn giao gid'ng n h u le hot chfla Keo T h i e n sfl Tfl Dao H a n h dflgc phdi thd cflng Dflc
P h a t Thich Ca va ca he t h o n g cac vi P h a t
k h a c , dfldc coi la l m h hdn chu ye'u d hai l i hdi nay
^, La bac t h i y cua T h i e n sfl M i n h Khdng,
T h i e n sfl Tfl Dao H a n h trfldc khi x u a t gia
t u h a n h d a hgc dao tu tien Sfl cu cho biet
la trfldc khi di tu Tfl Dao H a n h cd the
d a n h la Tfl Ld C h a Tfl Ld la Tfl Vinh lam
q u a n t r i e u Ly hi p h a p sfl Dai Dien chem lam ba m a n h Cd cau n g a n ngfl: "Lang Mgc thd d i u , Lu C i u thd c h a n P h a p Van thd m i n h " ghi nhd a n miing k h u n g khiep nay Tfl V m h nudi chi phuc t h u cho cha, nen c u n g M i n h Khdng, Giac Hai tim
d u d n g s a n g Tay T h i e n (?) hgc dao Khi dao p h a p da m i u n h i e m , Tfl Ld "nem gay xudng song thi gay n h i y ngfldc ddng" den
c i u T a y Dfldng, gay dflng lai Tfl Ld tim den n h a Dai Dien, giet chet kt? thfl rdi den nfli Sai t u h a n h , hai la rflng lam thudc chfla b e n h cho dan, day dan m u a
h a t va l a m trd mfla rdi Cdng dflc, tai
d a n h Tfl Dao H a n h ndi tieng Sau, sU d i u
t h a i vao n h a Sflng Hien h i u , chinh la
v u a Ly T h i n Tdng Nhieu chfla due tflgng thien sfl Tfl Dao H a n h phdi thd vdi tfldng
Pbat
3 Luc cung gom 6 loai Id vat: hirong dang (den), tra hoa quii thirc (com nau bang gao le hoac gao nep)
Trang 566 Nghien cuu Ton giao Sd6 - 2009
Tfl sfl tich tren day, le hgi Phat giad
Viet Nam da cfl h a n h g i n nhfl "dien lai"
ca sfl nghiep cua Thien sfl Tfl Dad Hanh
d chua Lang va chua Thiy Ca hai le hgi
deu dien ra vao ngay 7 thang 3 am lich
-ngay Thien sfl "hda Phat" Trfldc nam
1945, hgi chfla Lang keo dai g i n nhfl het
nfla thang 3 Dam rfldc vdi d i y du kieu
thanh, bat bao, cd Phat, cd ngu sac khdi
hanh tfl chfla Lang sang ngay 5 len chua
Nen - nen nha dng ba Tfl Vinh - le cha
me Chieu, dam rfldc quay ve chua Lang
Sang ngay 6, dam rUdc tfl chua Lang len
den Tam Huyen - ndi thd rieng Tfl Dad
Hanh, rdi lai ve chfla Lang Sang ngay 7,
sau ba hdi trdng lenh, dam rfldc ra khdi
tam quan chfla Lang, chd kieu cua mdt so'
lang ve gdp hgi, rdi lgi qua sdng Td d cdng
Cdt, de'n chua Due thi dflng lai (tri kieu)
Cac loai phao thi nhau nd cung tieng
chieng trdng rdn len - tfldng truyen la
cugc chien giet Dai Dien d day Chflng
mia gid sau c i dam rfldc ve chfla Hoa
Lang - ndi me thanh tu hanh - tam nghi,
xong cac le ttac bao an, dam rfldc trd ve
chfla Lang'" Kinh Vu Ian cd cau:
Cong diidng due thdm dn doc trd
Nghia sinh thdnh dgo cd mong den
Ldm con hieu hgnh ui tien
Ben dung tue nhdn di/di trin kii'm
tim^'^
Cugc ddi ciia Thien sfl Tfl Dao Hanh cd
hai chang dfldng ro rang Khi chfla xua't
gia thi tu luyen dao phap de tra thu cho
cha Khi theo Phat thi tfl bd mgi ham
mud'n, nghiep Iflc ddn vao tfl thien, lam
cdng dflc, noi gfldng Dflc Pbat Thich Ca
de truyen phap, giang dao Cdng trang
cua Thien sfl dfldc dan ghi nhd Hgi chfla
Thiy dien ra trung vdi hgi chfla Lang
nhflng khac ve hinh thflc Mac dfl ngay
chinh hdi la ngay 7 thang 3 nhu'ng thiic
te khdng khi le bgi da day len tfl ngay
d i u thang Cac tang ni phat tfl tfl khap ndi te tiiu ve chfla dfl le t i m Phat, Nfldc thdm da c h u i n bi san nha sfl lam le "ha tflgng" ra ban gd, tham fldt khan lau va lau rfla tflng chi tie't trong tfl the nghiem cin Tang ni, phat tfl cd mat xung quanh tfldng lam ram dgc kinh, mem Phat chap tay cung kinh Nfldc tam Phat dfldc nha
sU vay nhe len khap ndi, len ngUdi den hdi de dUdc phuc lgc, de phdng tai hga Khan tam Phat xe vun thanh manh nhd chia chd mgi ngfldi mang ve nha bd vao nfldc tam hoac deo bua cho tre nhd de phdng benh mfla gid
Sau khi an vi tfldng Phat, trfldc ban thd Phat dien ra le "chay dan" do cac nha sfl thflc hien Dieu mua tdn giao ddn dieu, cac nha sfl chi Ifldn vdng trdn nhd trfldc ban thd Phat, vdi cay gay hoa tren tay, dgng tac bieu dien la cac bflde di theo tang bac nhfl tren dfldng Dflc Phat tim hgc dao
Budi tdi, mat nfldc thuy dinh trfldc cfla chfla xdn xao, nao ddng bdi cac tich trd cua cac phfldng mfla rdi Mfla rdi nfldc trong le bdi chua T h i y dien lai eac tich trd si, ndng, cdng, thfldng la bieu thi ciu mfla, xin dflc Phat ban cho mfla nang thuan ldi, cho dan chflng lam an thinh
vfldng Trich doan truyen Thach Sanh, Tdm Cdm \a truyen thd vdi ngi dung
Phat giao "Gieo thien dfldc thien", "Ac gia
ac bao" Md d i u chfldng trinh mua rdi nfldc, chu Teu ngd nghinh dot mgt trang phao vung vay khap mat nfldc Hinh anh
dd ta thflc hdn dau he't canh trdi (mat trdi,
4 Trirong Sy Hung Siich chu Norn ma\ sirii tam nam
2000 tai Ha Noi (chira xuai ban liru tai Mai Linh ihir trang)
5 Kmh chu thifdng lung Nxb Ton giao H 2000
Trang 6sam set) nfldc giao hda, gifla mdt vflng
ddng b a n g cd sfl la'n den cua day nui tha'p
Sai Sdn
Diem xuye't b a le hgi P h a t giao Viet
Nam thi tha'y, k h i P b a t giao d a ngfl tri
trong ddi sd'ng t a m l i n h ngfldi Viet, ngfldi
Viet da c h a t lgc t i n h hoa giao li, n a m b a t
tfl tfldng cd b a n cua P h a t hgc va tdn P h a t
cac thien sfl b a n dia da giac ngd M a t
khac, cac nghi thflc td chflc le hgi da tai
dien cac cfl chi h a n h ddng luc trta the cua
dflc P h a t Tin ngUdng phdn thflc dfldc
long ghep te nhi t r o n g le hdi P h a t giao ;
Gdi chiia chong din hang Cdc Cd
Trai chiia ud nhif hoi chua Thdy
Cac le hgi P h a t giao k h a c nhfl: Hdi
chua Hfldng, hdi chfla Q u y n h Lam, hgi
chfla Yen Tfl deu cd xu hfldng phdi thd
cac linh tfldng P b a t giao An Do, P h a t giao
Trung Quo'c vdi P h a t giao Viet Nam d
mflc do k h a c n h a u Le t h i gid'ng n h a u ,
song hdi mdi ndi mdt k i e u va mtac dich
c i u may, du x u a n la trdi hdn ca
Ngay hgi t o a n qud'c ldn n h a t d
M y a n m a la T h i g y a n P w e (Hdi nfltic) da
gifl lai n g u d n gd'c An Do giao bdi sfl tich
va h a n h ddng hdi, nhflng t r o n g ca quy
trinh td chflc hdi thi tuc rfldc nfldc t a m
lUdng P h a t , ddi nUdc len chfla chflc sflc
khde an l a n h cho cac n h a sfl v a n gdi len
vai tro q u a n t r g n g cua P h a t giao Sfl d
chua van tin k i n h ca cac tu si An Do giao
tien bdi, van xem bdi, chiem tinh, lay la
so' tfl vi va tin la cd Nggc h o a n g Thfldng
de Cd ndi, trfldc khi td chflc hdi nfldc
nha sfl bdi xem n g a y dd Nggc h o a n g se
xud'ng dti le bao n h i e u n g a y thi se a'n
dinh so ngay tbtic h a n h le hdi Vao d u n g
ngay gid dd, d a n chflng dot p h a o v a n g
ren, t a t ca moi n h a deu md cfla chad ddn,
ai nay deu bflde r a du'dng lang ngd xdm hai t a y bUng mgt b i n h nUdc d i y cd tha
mgt vai la tha bye K h a n vai Trdi P h a t
xong, b i n h nUde dUdc dd xud'ng dat chi
k h i lam xong viec c i n thie't nha't dd mgi ngUdi mdi cam tha'y yen t a m vui ve di dii hdi T r o n g sud't thdi gian hdi, trai gai
t h a n h n i e n te nUdc chuc mflng n h a u Ngfldi gia vao c h u a t u n g k i n h hoac ngdi
t h i e n Ngay k e t thflc bdi, cd tuc con chau ; ggi d i u t a m rfla cho dng ba cha me, va lam le p h d n g s m h b a n g each t h a chim hoac ca
Tin vao t i n h t h i e n g cua cay bd de - ndi Dflc P h a t Thich Ca ngdi thien dinh va giac ngd ngfldi M y a n m a trdng cay nay d ta't ca cac t a n g vien, chfla lang Mdi n a m , vao dip r a m t h a n g Hai lich M y a n m a ( t h a n g 4 dfldng lich) cac p h a t tfl hu nd nflc c h u a n bi nhflng binh nu'dc di tUdi cay
bd de, vao chfla le P h a t , cflng dfldng cac
n h a sfl
Nhd n g a y sd c h u y e n p h a p l u a n cua Dflc P h a t , n g a y r a m t h a n g "Waso" ( t h a n g 6) d M y a n m a cflng la ngay d a u tien cua mfla an cfl kiet h a keo dai b e t ba t h a n g Cac sfl trta tri d c h u a khdng ai ra khdi chfla m a p h a i tri t i m g kinh dien, tU tai
t h i e n dinh Cac p h a t tfl tai gia va h a u bet cac t a n g Idp d a n c h u n g c u n g bi am i n h bdi y m e m "an cU" nen ngUdi ta cung b a n che r a khdi n h a N h i e u b o a t ddng xa hdi dUdng n h u c u n g t a m ngflng Khdng ai td chflc cfldi xin t r o n g mfla le lang im Cd le duy nha't chi cd ngay d a u m u a le, cac
p h a t tfl t u t a p len c h u a d a n g ao ca sa cho sfl
K h a c vdi le d a n g ao cho sfl la le d a n g
ao ca sa K a h t e i n - loai ao ca sa det trong mgt dem va trd t h a n h hot thi ngay tai cac ngoi chfla Loai ao ca sa det xong trfli'Jc
Trang 768 Nghien ciru Ton giao Sd6 - 2009
khi trdi sang cua cac phat tfl Myanma
danh de dang tang cac pho tfldng,
Ngdai cac le hgi Phat giao tieu bieu
tren, Myanma cdn cd le hgi rieng cua
tflng chua d khap lang ban Hinh nhfl day
la dip le hdi ki niem ngay mat cua cac bac
sU td d i u tien dflng ra dflng chfla sd tai
Sau le cflng Phat tfldng niem cac bac sfl
td, cac trd chdi dan gian, hdi du quay dien
ra suet ngay Dem den la dem vu hgi va
ca hat dan gian
Tfl 13 de'n 15 thang Tfl, li hdi
Sddngkran (te nfldc) cua Thai Lan dien
ra rgng khap mien Bac; d mien Trung
cung ggi la Pimay nhu ngUdi Lao Day la
dip ddn chad nam mdi cua ngUdi Thai
Sang sdm ngay thfl nhat mgi ngfldi Id viec
sam sfla le cung va dd an de dang len chfla
va bieu cha me, ong ba va nhflng ngfldi
cao tudi Mgt so' thflc an ndng dfldc dflng
vad dng tre, nfla, rdi mgi ngfldi dem budc
vad canh cay ven dfldng de cflng bd thi cho
nhflng vong hdn vd chu Hda lan khdng
khi tflng bflng cua ngay hdi khap ndi
vang len tieng phad nd di dflng Ngay thfl
hai cua le hgi tat ca mgi ngfldi deu di le
, chfla, dl t r i y hdi gdp cat Mdi gia dinh da
chuin bi san mdt tfli cat hg mang den
xung quanh chua de dap nui Tuc phdng
sinh cung dfldc thflc hien Ngay thfl ba,
sau le dang thflc an cho sU d cac chfla mgi
ngUdi cung nhau lay nUdc thieng (sompoi)
t i m tugng Phat Khi cac bflc tfldng Phat
da dat yen vi nhfl cu thi hdi te nfldc chuc
mflng i i n nhau nao nhiet khap ndi
Cac tuc le tfldng tfl trong li hdi
Sddngkran d Thai Lan cfl tien hanh tiep
thed trong hai, ba ngay nfla mdi ket thflc
Cac vi sfl va nha chua hang nam deu
(juan tam chu dao den viec "bd tuc" kien
thflc phong tuc li hgi cho toan the cgng
ddng cfl dan • • ' ""'•^' '•
"'-Hdi phao thang thien d Thai Lan cflng dflgc td chflc sau bdi te nfldc chflng bdn mdt thang Cac nha sfl phia trach lam phao Le phong tieu cho cac chu be dfldc ket hdp trong dip le hgi Nhieu dieu hat dan ca vang vang khap cac neo dfldng
Dd quan niem loai ngfldi da di lai, lam
an nhieu ddi tren mat dat va nhflng ddng song, da lam ma't di nhflng da'u chan Phat nen ngfldi Thai cd le td chflc le hdi tha den tren sdng de ta loi Mdt sd' ngfldi giai thich day la dip nhd Dflc Phat cung' dfldng than sdng nUde da chd cdn ngUdi ngudn thiic pham va nUdc tUdi cho ddng rugng td't tfldi Cae sU dgc kinh d chfla, nam nfl tta tap vui chdi had bflc Dd la le hdi Ldy Krathong dfldc td chflc trong 3 ngay xung quanh ngay ram thang 11 Hang ngan nggn den, nen lung linh trdi ndi tren cac ddng sdng vao budi tdi
Le hdi Phat giao d Thai Lan dien ra
g i n nhfl quanh nam Thang Hai, cac phat tfl quay quan ben nha sfl nghe lai ldi thuye't phap cua Dflc Phat hoac dn lai nhflng bai kinh ke chuyen cac tien kiep cua Pbat Thich Ca trong le hdi Magha Puja O cd' dd Chieng Mai trfldc day con
cd le hgi Luang Wiang Lakon td chflc rfldc tfldng Phat quanh lang Lampang vdi sfl tham gia cua hoang tdc
Le hgi Chak Phra tai Suratthani vao thang 10 khdng chi rfldc kieu Pbat quanh lang bang xe keo, ngfldi khieng ma cdn rfldc Pbat tren sdng bang thuyen rdng hoac c6 khi chi la nhflng mang gd
Le hgi dua thuyen d Lanna (thang Mfldi) da ket hdp vdi viec dang ao cii sa cho cac nha sfl tao ra mdi quan he than tinh tdn kinh./ ' ,;.i; v'I'u : • '