Defining and non-defining relative clauses The differences between a defining and a non-defining relative clauses Defining relative clauses Non-defining relative clauses - have no comma [r]
Trang 1ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI HỌC KỲ II
KHỐI 11
I Defining and non-defining relative clauses
The differences between a defining and a non-defining relative clauses
Defining relative clauses Non-defining relative clauses
- be very important ; can’t be omitted - not important ; may be omitted
- used to explain noun / noun phrase - used to explain noun / noun phrase before
before
- THAT can be used to replace who, whom, - THAT can’t be used to replace who, which
whom, which Chú ý
- chúng ta có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ khi chúng là bổ ngữ cho giới từ
- đối với tiếng Anh mang tính trịnh trọng thì giới từ thường đứng trước đại từ quan hệ whom và which giới từ không đứng trước đại từ quan hệ that và who
- ta có thể dùng phân từ hiện tại thay cho đại từ quan hệ cộng động từ ở thể tiếp diễn hoặc động từ chia ở thì đơn
- ta có thể dùng quá khứ phân từ thay cho đại từ quan hệ cộng động từ ở thể bị động
- ta có thể dùng to- infinitive sau các từ như the first , the second , next last và tính từ so sánh bậc nhất
II Cleft sentences
1 Suject focus
Form : It is / was + S + that + V ………chính ai đó làm gì …
2 Object focus
Form : It is / was + O + that + S + V …….chính ai đó / một cái gì đó một ai đã làm …
3 Adverbial focus
Form : It is /was + A + that + S + V + ( O)… chính lúc nào đó ai đó / một cái gì đó làm gì……
4 Cleft sentences in the passive voice
Form : It + be + S + that + be + V3 ( S = O passive )
III Conjunctions
Ta có thể sử dụng các cụm từ nối : both ………and ( vừa ……vừa ) , not only ……but also ( không những …….mà còn ) , either …….or ( hoặc …….hoặc ) , neither …….nor ( không …… mà cũng không ) để nối hai từ đồng loại ( danh từ , động từ , tính từ hoặc các cụm từ… ) với nhau
Exercise:
Grammar :chooose the best answer :
1 It is the children were punished
a whom b which c what d that
2 Neither I nor she seen the film before
a has b have c was d were
3 were punished as they were late
a Both Tom and Ann b Either Tom and Ann c Neither Tom nor Ann d All of Tom and Ann
4 The woman next door , to I talked last week , is moving next month
a who b whom c that d her
5 The student is the mayor’s daughter
a who always you talked about b you always talk about
c a bout whom always talks d that always talked about
6 Some of the boy did not come
a Whom I visited them b I visited them c Who I invited d When I invited
7 The evening was spent
Trang 2a to play and to talk b.to play and talk c playing and talking d playing and to talking
8.If the question not to difficult , we them
a were / could answer b are / could answer c were / can answer d are /can answer
9 Listen ! the telephone
a ring b rings c is ringing d was ringing
10.Cua Lo town thousands of tourists every summer
a is attacted by b is being attracted by c attracts d are attracting
pronunciation : Which word has the different pronunciation from the other?
16 a shops b bribes c books d restaurants
17 a Britain b China c While d Hire
18.a bridged b managed c showed d pitched
Vocabulary : choose the best answer :
19.Pub- going is one of the favorite pastimes in Britain
a hobbies b relaxation c leisure d entertainment
20 .are things you do as hobbies
a pursuits b entertainment c Leisures d Amusement
21 The average T.V time of the British is about 25 hours a week
a seeing b viewing c looking d observing
22 All the competitors are ready for the first round
a participants b enemies c cooperators d coordinators
23 Swimming is a/ an sport
a aquatic b road c air d ground
Reading : read the passage and choose the best answer :
Every four years , soccer teams around the world compete for the World Cup The world cup competition started
in 1930 Brazil is the home of many great soccer : players, including the most famous player of all , Pele With his fast dazzling speed , Pele played for many years in Brazil and then later in New York People in more than
140 countries around the world play soccer It is definitely the world’s most popular sport
24 What is the main topic of the passage ?
A The world cup b soccer c best football player d The goal keeper
25 How often does the world cup tale place ?
A for centuries b in 1863 c in 1930 d every four years
26 Pele is a famous
a fast dazzling speed b football player c goal keeper d popular sports
27 fast dazzling in the last paragraph mean ?
a funny b amazing c light d difficult
IV Writing : Rewrite these following sentences without changing the meaning
28.The man said something totally different I saw him last week
The man
29 The chair is made of wood He is sitting on it
The chair ………
CLEFT SENTENCES IN PASSIVE
Change the sentences into cleft sentences in the passive
1 The young boys and girls admired that film start years ago.
->
Trang 32 We first heard the news from my sister last night.
->
3 The students asked the teacher of his explanation for the problem.
->
4 My sister has just bought the English book at the big bookshop.
->
5 They enjoyed the farewell party at my house cheerfully.
->
6 John took my book away last night.
->
7 The old man caught a very big fish in the river.
->
8 The teacher asks you to work more than you talk.
->
9 My parents misunderstood my intension.
->
10 The government should pay more attention to the environmental pollution.
->
11 My son is learning French.
->
12 She bought the car from Tom.
->
13 My uncle gave me the picture book.
->
14 He sent his friends the postcards.
->
15 The child greeted his grandparents in a strange language
->
16 The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions.
->
17 We saw many soldiers and tanks
->
18 We visited the doctor last week.
->
19 He told me the reason of his disagreement
->
20 The guard took the dog into the cage.
->
21 Fred gave Mary the money.
-> ->
22 The agent sold Mr and Mrs Hanson the house.
-> ->
23 The post office provides the Messenger Call Service
->
Trang 424 Mr Johnson sent the Jiffy Company a letter.
->
25 Tom handed Peter the books
->
26 We sent the teacher the package the next day.
->
CLEFT SENTENCES
Rewrite sentences, starting with it + be and an appropriate who or that:
1 My secretary sent the bill to Mr Harding yesterday.
->
2 The president makes the important decisions.
->
3 The girl sent him the letter.
->
4 The children visited their grandparents last week.
->
5 Her aunt gave her a present on her birthday.
->
6 Minh and Lan sang together at my wedding party.
->
7 Peter’s father didn’t agree with him
->
8 The students played football all day long.
->
9 My daughter received a present from her boyfriend yesterday.
->
10 The man’s presence at the meeting frightened the children.
->
11 My son is learning French.
->
12 I’m not looking forward to physics, but I’m most worried about the statistics exam.
->
13 She bought the car from Tom.
->
14 My uncle gave me the picture book.
->
15 He sent his friends the postcards.
->
16 We are coming to stay with Jane this weekend.
->
17 Oanh borrowed the pen from Nam.
->
18 The child greeted his grandparents in a strange language.
->
19 The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions.
->
Trang 520 The dog barked at the stranger.
->
21 We saw many solders and tanks
->
22 We visited the doctor last week.
-> ->
23 He told me the reason of his disagreement.
->
24 I went to Water Park with my kids on Sunday.
->
25 He already plays for national side; he only turned professional last year.
->
26 The film was made in Bristol.
->
27 Columbus sailed to America in 1492.
->
28 He bought his girl friend a bunch of flowers at the flower shop.
->
29 The guard took the dog into the cage.
->
30 My mother bought some food for dinner
->
31 The get – together started at 8 a.m.
->
32 We saw many solders and tanks
->
33 The new comer sits next to me.
->
34 Mr Pike taught us English last year.
-> -> ->
35 My parents used to live in that house for years.
-> ->
36 His father visited New York city when he was 38 years old.
-> ->
37 We studied with the teacher 3 years ago.
-> ->
38 I don’t understand the questions
->
39 He can’t finish the exercises.
->
Trang 640 Everything looks bright and green in Spring.
->
41 He presented her a ring on her birthday.
->
42 Her sister bought those CDs from the shop.
->
43 He met the president in HCM City.
-> _-> _
44 The final football match began at 15:00.
-> Exercises of Grammar & Vocabulary
A Choose the best answer among A,B,C and D
1 Non-renewable energy sources are running .
A up B on C to D out
2 In some countries people use wind or sea as the environment friendly energy sources.
A waves B water C products D weeds
3 Those villagers …………near the forest shop down hardwoods to sell for high prices.
A live B who live C whom live D for whom to live
4 Coal and oil are non-renewable sources.
A engineer B energy C engineering D energetic
5 Coal was the first fuel ………to power machinery.
A is used B using C to use D to be used
6 Oil, coal and natural gas are fuels made from decayed material.
A unleaded B smokeless C solid D fossil
7 All fossil fuels are resources that cannot be replaced after use.
A unlimited B renewable C available D non-renewable
8 We should develop such sources of energy as solar energy and nuclear energy.
A tradition B alternative C revolutionary D surprising
9 Increased consumption will lead to faster of our natural resources.
A exhaust B exhausting C exhaustion D exhaustive
10 The man showed us the cage ………he kept a fierce lion.
A which B that C in which D in that
11 Biogas is the largest energy ……… available in rural areas in developing countries.
A sources B resources C source D resource
12 Energy reserves are strictly ……… .
A limit B limitation C limited D limits
13 Solar energy can be changed ……… electricity.
A to B by C into D for
14 The sun releases large ………… of energy every day.
A amountB amountsC numberD numbers
15 Solar energy is not only plentiful ……….clean and safe.
A but also B and C but D as well
16 Water energy is used to create electricity.
A produce B design C operate D heat
17 A ………… is a structure that is used to convert the power of wind into electricity.
A dam B windmill C machine D panel
18 Nuclear power is cleaner than coal.
A strength B might C rule D energy
19 We could make better ……….of our energy resources.
A spend B use C need D limit
20 It’s important for the developed countries to reduce energy ……….as much as possible.
Trang 7A exhaustion B destruction C consumption D waste
21 “Have you ever met the man over there?” “No Who is he?”
A stands B is standing C standing D who he is standing
22 The boy the piano is my son.
A who is playing B that is playing C playing D All are correct
23 by his parent, this boy was very sad.
A Punished B Punishing C To be punished D Be punished
24 We have apartment the park.
A overlooking B overlooks C to overlook D overlooked
25 He was the last person in this way.
A to kill B who killed C being killed D to be killed
26 Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman _ governor in the United State.
A who elected B to be elected C was elected D her election as
27 She is the only in the discussion to using nuclear power.
A objects B objected C to object D whom objects
28 Johnny was the last applicant for a position in that energy station.
A to interview B interviewing
C to be interviewed D which is interviewed
29 The instructions ……… by Professor Johnson helped us know more about the danger of energy pollution.
A that explained B explained C explaining D which explained
30 Neil Armstrong was the first person ……… foot on the moon.
A set B to set C who setting D to be set
31 The last person that leaves the room must turn off the lights.
A The person who turn off the lights must leaves the room.
B The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights.
C The last person to turn off the lights must leaves the room.
D The one who turns off the lights in the room is the last person.
32 Do you think you are the only person ……….the danger?
A for having seen B to be seen C to see D for seeing
33 Lady Astor was the first woman …………her seat in Parliament.
A take B to take C taking D who takes
34 Pioneers, ………in isolated areas of the United States, were almost totally self-sufficient.
A who living B living C lived D that lived
35 Rain forests are places ……people harvest wood, delicious fruits and powerful medicine.
A in which B in that C in where D which
36 I think the reason we got on so well is that we both enjoy talking.
37 In 1892, Mr.Rudolph designed an engine ………diesel engine.
A that was called B was called C called D calling
38 The energy ………… by the windmill drives all the drainage pumps.
A that is producing B which produces C producing D produced
39 The old man ……….a black suit is a famous energy researcher.
A to wear B wearing C whom is wearing D is wearing
40 I live in a flat in London I paid a high rent for it.
A I live in a flat in London where I paid a high rent for.
B I live in a flat in London for that I paid a high rent
C I live in a flat in London for which I paid a high rent.
D I live in a flat in London for which I paid a high rent it
41 It was a kind of accident Nobody was really to blame for it.
A It was a kind of accident for whom was really to blame it.
B It was a kind of accident for which nobody was really to blame.
C It was a kind of accident for which nobody was really to blame it.
D It was a kind of accident, which nobody was really to blame for
42 I must thank the man I got the present from him.
A I must thank the man from whom I got the present
B I must thank the man from which I got the present.
Trang 8C I must thank the man from whom I got the present from him.
D I must thank the man whom from I got the present.
43 Washington is the man The Americans owe their independence to him.
A Washington is the man whose independence the Americans owe to him.
B Washington is the man that the Americans owe their independence to.
C Washington is the man to whom the Americans owe their independence.
D Washington is the man to that the Americans owe their independence.
44 The Sales Manager is a young woman We have great confidence in her.
A The Sales Manager is a young woman whose confidence we have in.
B The Sales Manager is a young woman in whom we have great confidence her
C The Sales Manager is a young woman in which we have great confidence.
D The Sales Manager is a young woman in whom we have great confidence.
45 Cathy is trustworthy She is a person upon ………… you can always depend.
A who B whom C that D x
B WRITING:
I Reduce the relative clauses to participial phrases
1 I don’t like people who arrive late.
2 I live in a house which was built a century ago.
3 The people who work here are very interesting.
4 The handkerchief which was embroidered by my sister was really beautiful.
5 I want to meet the woman who taught me how to drive.
6 The cake which was made by my mother was very delicious.
7 This morning I received a letter which upset me a lot
8 The composition which was written by Jane was really interesting.
II Rewrite the sentences, using relative clauses
1 The last person to be interviewed yesterday was Jack.
2 Valentina Tereskova was the first woman to fly into space.
3 The only person to remain in the classroom was Peter.
4 This is the second person to be killed in that way.
5 He was the first man to tell me the truth
III Connect the following sentences, using relative clauses
1 Most of the people speak German They live in Australia.
2 The bus isn’t running today It goes to Oxford.
3 I don’t like the man He is going out with my sister.
4 Michelangelo is one of Italy’s greatest artists He lived until he was 90.
5 Mary was staying with her friend He has a big house in Scotland.
6 The person asked me some very difficult questions He interviewed me.
7 Charlie Chaplin became a very rich man He was from a poor family.
8 The 1992 Olympics were held in Barcelona It is in the north-east of Spain.
Read the passage and answer the following questions:
When you have a post-office box, the postman does not bring letters to you , but you go to the post-office and get your letters and parcels from your box The box is locked , and you have the key, so the letters are quite safe One day, the headteacher of a school wrote to the post-office and asks for a post-office box for his school He soon got an answer It said, “We will give you a post-office in one month”
Three months later, the headteacher wrote to the post-office again and said,” Why haven’t we got a pot-office yet?” This was how the post-office answered:
“ Dear Sir,
We gave you a post-office box 2 months ago and wrote to you then to tell you Here is the key to your box You will find our letter to you in it”
1 What happens when you have a post-office box?
………
2 Why are letters safe when they are in a post-office box?
………
Trang 93 Why did the headmaster write to the post-office?
………
4 Why did he write to the post-office 3 months later?
………
5 When do you think the headmaster will receive the key to his post-box?
………
Combine these pairs of sentences, using WHERE, WHICH, WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, THAT
1 The girl is sitting by Jack She is Mary
2 Can you understand the question? He asked you the question last time
3 Is that the girl? We saw her on T.V last night
4 The farm produces milk We visited it last Sunday
5 At last he married the girl He loved her
6 The man is an engineer We play with his daughter everyday
7 He didn’t receive the letter I sent him the letter last January
8 He often tells me something about his village He was born there
9 My sister wants to speak to you You met her at my birthday party
10 The children like the funny stories Their grandmother tells them those stories every evening
11 Jack London is a famous American writer He wrote “Iron heel”
12 The boy is sitting next to Mary He is Jack
13 I didn’t receive the letter My mother sent me the letter last month
14 The factory makes exported furniture We visited it yesterday
15 The baby likes those songs His grandmother sings those songs every evening
The elephant is the largest animal to walk on Earth An elephant can carry a load of 1,200 pounds They eat 300 pounds of food a day An elephant baby can weigh 200 pounds at birth Elephants can live up to 70 years Elephants can be trained to carry logs with their trunks They also use their trunks for drinking water, bathing, eating and communicating There are two kinds of elephants : the African elephant and the Indian elephant African elephant can be characterized as larger ears The African elephant grows up to 10 feet and weighs as much as 12,000 pounds The Indian elephant grows up to 9 feet tall, and weighs up to 800 pounds This elephant
is characterized as smaller ears Another name for the Indian elephant is the Asian elephant
1 What is the topic of the passage?
2 How much does a baby elephant weigh at birth?
Trang 103 According to the passage, can elephants use their trunks for eating?
4 Which kind of elephant is the largest?
5 Does an African elephant have smaller ears than an Indian elephant?
HOBBIES
I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently.Circle your answer A,B,C or D
1.A purity B tiny C reply D happy
2.A standard B dark C spark D pharmacist
II.Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the others
3.A mountain B maintain C fountain D certain
4.A ambulance B yesterday C furniture D policeman
5.A constant B continent C consider D content
III.Choose the best answer by circling A,B,C,or D.
6.Hobbies are the things we like to do in our……… time
7.I just collect stamps from discarded envelopes
A.thrown away B.given up C.got away D.done up
8.there are also other hobbies that I ………in for a while
A.interested B.indulge C.move D.include
9.”if I were you, I would try again”,Peeter said to me
A.Peter advised me to try again B.Peter advised me try again
C.Peter advised me trying again D.Peter advised me tried again
10.you had better ………at home until you feel better
11.the students ……….the highest score will be awarded a scholarship
A.who receive B.receiving C.who is receiving D.receives
12.It is the room ……….we usually hold our meetings
13.The singer was ……….on the piano by her sister
A.served B.accompanied C.assisted D.sounded
14.The ………were all invited to the school
A.boys parents B.boys parents’ C.boys’parents D.boys’sparents
15.We can hardly tell you ………
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.none is correct
V.Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning
1.Tom was late So was Ann
Both Tom ………
2.He didn’t write He didn’t phone
He neither ………
3.The hotel wasn’t clean.And it wasn’t comfortable