Perfect gerund: Form: having + past participle Use: The perfect gerund can be used instead of the present form of the gerund when we are referring to a past action.. + He was accused of [r]
Trang 1UNIT 4 VOLUNTEER WORK
Period: 22 LANGUAGE FOCUS
Preparing date: 20/ 10/ 2007
Teaching date:B2………B4………….……
I OBJECTIVES
Aims:
- Distinguish the sounds / w / and /j/
- Pronounce the words and sentences containing these sounds correctly
- Use gerunds, present participles, perfect gerunds and perfect particples
appropriately
Lexical items:
- Words and phrases related to language focus
Structure:
- Use these structures to solve communicative tasks
II Method:Integrated, mainly communication
Teaching aids: Textbook, sub-board
III Procedures
1.Orgnization: total class
2 Check the old lesson
3 New lesson
Warm-up
- Give some words on the board
1 wood west watch
2 yoga yoghurt yellow
- Asks Ss to find words above what have common
sound in the sentences
* Introduce the new lesson: Pronunciation
/ w/ - /j /
Grammar: 1 Gerund and present participle
2.Perfect gerund and perfect participle
- Copy down
- Answer:
/w/ and /j/
- Listen and prepair lesson
Pronunciation:
- Introduce the sounds /w/ and /j/ then asks Ss to
repeat them
* Listen and repeat
- Guides and read example once or second times
- Asks Ss to practice the words have the sounds in
each column out loud in chorus for a few more
times
- Call some Ss to read the sounds
- Listen and correct
* Practice reading aloud these sentences
- Read the sentences once time and ask Ss to practice
them
- Asks Ss to underline the words containing the
- Listen and read in chorus
- Listen and practice the words have the sounds
- Listen and read silently
Trang 2target sounds.
- Walk around to listen and takes notes of the typical
error
- Call Some Ss to read the sentences again and
provide correct feedback
- Underline the words containing the target sounds
- Practice the sentences in front of the class
Grammar
1 Gerund
- Explain the gerund
A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding
‘ing’ The gerund always has the same function as a
noun
+ as the subject of the sentence:
+ as the complement of the verb ‘to be’
+ after prepositions: The gerund must be when a
verb comes after a preposition:
- This is also true of certain expressions ending in a
preposition, eg in spite of, there’s no point in…
+ after a number of ‘phrasal verbs’ which are
composed of a verb + preposition/adverb
to look forward to, to give up, to be for/ against, to
take to, to put off, to keep on:
+ compound noun
-It is clear that the meaning is that of noun, not of a
continuous verbs
+ after the expressions:
can’t help, can’t stand, it’s no use/good and adjective
worth:
1 Gerund
- Listen and copy down
- Make sentences
+ Reading helps you learn English + Reading in the library is
comfortable
+ Her favorite hobby is swimming + She is good at learning English + They are keen on windsurfing + There is no point in typing the assignment
+ In spite of missing the train, we arrived on time
+ I look forward to hearing from you soon
He kept on asking for a discount
+ A swimming pool, a driving lesson bird-watching, train-watching
+ a pool for swimming
+ a birb for watching
+ a lesson for driving
+ I can’t stand being stuck in traffic jams
+ It’s no use/ good trying to presuade him
+ It might be worth changing the title of the book
Exercise1:
- Asks Ss to do exercise 1: Complete each of the
following sentences with an appropriate gerund of
the verbs from the box
- Asks Ss to read carefully sentences
- Write the example on the baord
Example: I have no objection to hearing to your
story again
- Guide Ss to do strategies
- Asks Ss to look at the sentence example and work
Exercise1:
- Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate gerund
of the verbs from the box
- Read carefully sentences
- Work individual
- Compare answering with friends
- Answer
2 Bending
Trang 3individually and then discuss the following pairs.
- Walk around the class to help when necessary
- Suggested answer
- Asks Ss to compare answering with friends
- Calls Ss to answer and practice the sentences in
front of the class
- Corrected answer
3 Behaving
4 Meeting
5 Spending
6 Waiting
7 Starting
- Practice the sentences on the front
of the class
Present participle:
The present participle of most verbs has the form
V+ing and is used in the following ways.
+ as part of the continuous form of a verb:
+ after verbs of movement/position in the
parttern: verb + present participle
go diving, go fishing, go swimming
+ after verbs of percenption in the pattern:
verb + object + present participle:
+ as an adjective
+ with the verbs spend and waste, in the pattern:
verb + time/money expression + present
participle.
+ with verbs catch and find:
verb + object + present participle.
+ to replace a sentences or part of a sentences
Exercise2:
- Asks Ss to do exercise 1: Complete each of the
following sentences with an appropriate present
participle of the verbs from the box
- Asks Ss to read carefully sentences
- Write the example on the baord
Example: She smelt something burning and saw
smke rising
- Guide Ss to do strategies
- Asks Ss to look at the sentence example and work
individually and then discuss the following pairs
- Walk around the class to help when necessary
Present participle:
+ I am working + she was dancing +my mother used to go shopping everyday.
+ he came running towards me + I hear someone playing the guitar.
+ I can smell something burning + It was an interesting film.
+ It’s a bit worrying when the police stop you.
+ I spend two hours a day travelling to work.
+ don’t waste time playing that games.
+ If I catch you stealing my apples again, I’ll tell your parents.
+ we found our dog lying in the bathroom.
+ they found their mother sitting
in the garden.
+ he sang to himself He walked down the road.
Singing to himself, he walked down the road.
Exercise2:
- Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate present participle of the verbs from the box
- Read carefully sentences
- Work individual
- Compare answering with friends
- Answer
2.Reading 3.Lying 4.Shopping
Trang 4- Suggested answer.
- Asks Ss to compare answering with friends
- Calls Ss to answer and practice the sentences in
front of the class
- Corrected answer
5.Preparing 6.Trying 7.Modernizing
- Practice the sentences on the front
of the class
Perfect gerund and perfect participle.
Perfect gerund:
Form: having + past participle
Use: The perfect gerund can be used instead of
the present form of the gerund when we are
referring to a past action.
+ He was accused of deserting his ship.
*However, the perfect gerund is used to emphasize
completion in both the past and the future
Perfect participle:
Form: having + past participle(Having done,read)
Use: The perfect participle can be used insteal of the
present participle when one action is immediately
followed by another with the sample subject
Ex: Swintching off the lights, we went to bed
Exercise3:
- Asks Ss to do exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets
into the perfect gerund or perfect participle
- Asks Ss to read carefully sentences
- Write the example on the baord
Example: I object to him having made private calls
on the office phone
- Guide Ss to do strategies
- Asks Ss to look at the sentence example and work
individually and then discuss the following pairs
- Walk around the class to help when necessary
- Suggested answer
- Asks Ss to compare answering with friends
- Calls Ss to answer and practice the sentences in
front of the class
- Corrected answer
Homework:
- Asks Ss to review grammar and make exercises
again
- Asks Ss to prepare the new lesson
Perfect gerund and perfect participle.
Perfect gerund:
having + past participle + He was accused of having deserted his ship.
+ The retired teacher recalled having taught.
Perfect participle:
+Having switched off the lights,
we went to bed.
+ She bought a bike and cycled home = Having bought a bike, she cycled home.
Exercise3:
- Put the verbs in brackets into the perfect gerund or perfect participle
- Read carefully sentences
- Work individual
- Compare answering with friends
- Answer
2.Having been
3 Having been
4 Having tied
5 Having read
6 Having taken
- Practice the sentences on the front
of the class
- Review grammar and make exercises
- Prepare the new lesson