Theo d c nha nghien ciifu thi d i Idi ban dau cuia Hpi Gidng la le hpi ndng nghiep nhUng den thdi Ly- T r l n , Hpi Gidng bat dau thay ddi trd thanh mpt hpi tran mang tinh bieu tup[r]
Trang 1Thianh tra
^ MICHINH
Ngdy 16-11, U hpi Gidng a
den Phu Dong (Gia Ldm) vd den
Soc (Soc San - Hd Npi) chinh thdc
duac UNESCO ton vinh vd cong
nhdn Id Di sdn vdn hoa phi vdt the
cua nhdn loqi Dieu ndy them mpt
ldn nda khdng dinh su cong nhdn
cua the gi&i doi v&i nen vdn hoa
lau d&i, dpc ddo cua Viet Nam
Ciing v&i 82 bia tien si a Vdn mieu
Quoc Tu Gidm duac cong nhdn Id
Di sdn Tu lieu thupc chuang trinh
Ky itc the gioi; Khu di tich Trung
tdm Hodng thdnh Thdng Long
duac cong nhdn Id Di sdn vdn hoa
the gi&i, Hpi Gidng a den Phu
Dong vd den Soc Id di sdn thd 3
cua thdnh phoHd Noi duac
UNESCO vinh danh trong ndm 2010
CO le h i u het tre em Viet Nam
deu quen thudc vdi hinh anh
ngUdi anh himg Thanh Gidng
nhd tre dang nga danh bai giae An
Hinh anh dd khdng chi khPi gpi
truyen thdng yeu nUdc eiia dan tdc
ma cdn la hinh tupng the hien khat
vpng ddc lap, tU do ciia ngUdi dan
dat Viet Trai qua bao thang t r i m
Ijch sif, hinh tupng eau be len 3 mdi
biet ndi cUdi da dugc t h i n thanh hda
thdng qua cac le hdi tudng nhd eua
ngudi dan Ban d i u , hpi Gidng ehi la
l l hdi lang Den thdi Ly Cdng Uan
ddi dd ve Thang Long, hpi Gidng
mdi ed y nghTa tren dien rpng nham
tdn vinh mdt trong nhifng v i n de
quan trpng nha't cua dan tdc - chien
d i u bao ve d i t nude va the hien
khat vpng hda binh
Thanh Gidng la mpt trong
nhifng a n h h i i n g c h d n g giae
ngoai x a m ciia Viet Nam va la
mpt t r o n g Tir bat tir (Tan V i e n ,
T h a n h G i d n g , T h a n h mau L i i u
H a n h , Chir D o n g Tir)
Di s a n v a n h o a Hoi G i o n g
U J)6i tioc nJjat b^ nfti
Hoi Giong - "bdo t a n g
v a n h o a " hiem co
Cd le mpt trong nhtfng ly do khien Le hpi Gidng dupc edng nhan
la di san van hda phi vat the bdi nd chifa dung nhieu t i n g y nghTa van hda khac nhau Dd la tu tudng eau mong mUa thuan gid hda eho miia mang bpi thu cuia d c cU dan ndng nghiep va tren het, dd la le hdi ciia nhan dan, hoan toan khdng bj Nha nUde hda Hang tram nam nay, ngUdi dan da gdp edng gdp eiia de lam l l hpi cua minh va giijf nguyen ven nhung nghi le do cha dng truyen lai
L l hdi Gidng ed rat nhieu trd diln xudng dan gian, dien hinh la d c dam rude: rude kham dudng, rude nude rdi hat ai lao , trong dd dae biet nha't la diln xUdng ba tran danh cua Thanh Gidng Ba dja diem dien
ra ba tran danh dupe bieu tupng thanh ba chiee chieu, ben tren cd nhtmg td giay tring bieu trUhg cho may va chiee bat up bieu tupng cho
ddi nui, ngUdi ddng vai Thanh Gidng
se da nhifng chiee bat de the hien sufc manh bat nui ciia ngUdi anh
himg Net tinh te eiia le hpi la t i t d
chi tiet cuia truyen thuye't deu dupe the hien sinh dpng bang d e bieu tupng, neu khdng cd bieu tupng l l hdi se m i t di nhieu y nghTa
L l hpi Gidng d den Phii Odng
va den Sdc ndi len nhU mpt le hdi dae biet trong sd hon 7.000 le hdi dan gian d nUdc ta L l hpi Thanh Gidng hay edn gpi la Hpi lang Phii odng (ten ndm la lang Gidng) la mdt trong nhifng hpi le Idn nha't d Odng bang B l e Bd, mdt dien trudng ljch sir van hoa, dien lai sutfeh Thanh Gidng danh thing giae An
Hang nam, cd den ngay 9/4 am
ljch (ngay dng Gidng thing giae An),
ngUdi dan lai do ve tU mpi nga xa g i n
de xem l l , du hdi lang L l hdi lang Gidng dupe eif hanh tren mdt dien trudng rdng Idn dai khoang 3 km gdm den Thupng, den Mau (thd me Gidng) va chiia Kien So, lang Phii
Trang 2iThanh tra
M I C H I N H
Dong, Gia Lam, Ha Ndi
Hpi bat dau tU mdng 6/4 Trong
nhtfng ngay nay dan lang td chife l i
rude cd tdi den M i u , rUde com chay
(com d , thifc an ma Gidng thfch)
len den ThUOng Ngay chfnh hpi
(9/4) cd le rude kieu vdng tU den
M l u len den Thupng va td chife hdi
tran (dien lai tran pha giae An)
Mdng 10 lam l l duyet quan ta Pn
Gidng Ngay 11 l l rira khf gidi Ngay
12, l l rude ed bao tin thing tran vdi
Cd the thay trong le hdi Thanh Gidng eac tfn ngUdng ed xua ciia ngudi Viet nhuti'n ngUdng thd da, thd cae vj t h i n tU nhien, thd td nghe, thd mpt anh hiing dan toe
Le hpi Gidng la le hpi d i u tien d nude ta dUde lap hd so de trinh UNESCO xem xet, cdng nhan la Di san van hda phi vat the dai dien eua nhan loai Hpi Gidng la mpt trong nhtfng le hdi Idn cua d nUdc, mieu ta lai toan bd eupe chien dau chdng
giae ngoai xam eiia cha dng ta
Le hdi Gidng d den Phil odng va den Sdc la
le hdi dugc edng ddng
bao tdn, truyen tU the he
- noi Thanh Gidng bay ve trdi vdi nhieu nghi l i kha tUOng ddng Theo d c nha nghien ciifu thi d i Idi ban dau cuia Hpi Gidng la le hpi ndng nghiep nhUng den thdi
Ly-T r l n , Hpi Gidng bat dau thay ddi trd thanh mpt hpi tran mang tinh bieu tupng, tai hien lai cupc chien dau chdng giae ngoai xam cCia cha dng
ta, tu luc chuan bi vu khi, life lupng, luong thao cho den khi ket thuc tran danh, tudng giae bj bat va dupe tha
Su phat trien dd da giup Hdi Gidng sdng mai trong nhan dan va dupc chinh ngudi dan bdi d i p , tao nen tfnh cdng ddng dpc dao
Trong Le hdi Gidng cd dien xudng dan gian, lien quan den miia
trdi dat Cudi cung la l i khao quan,
den dem ed hat Cheo
L l hdi an tang d he tU tudng
dao ly va triet hpc, nham the hien sU
hda hpp trong gia dinh, trong qud'c
gia, ddng thdi hudng td; mong Udc
thien ha thai binh La mdt vi thanh
trong TU b i t tif eiia ngudi Viet chau
thd B l e bp, Thanh Gidng dupe
phung thd d cac lang thudc eac
huyen Gia Lam, Sdc Son, TU Liem,
Thudng Tin va quan Long Bien thupc
thanh phd Ha Npi
Le hpi Thanh Gidng d xa Phii
odng (huyen Gia Lam) la l l hdi b noi
sinh, l l hpi den Sdc d huyen Sdc
Son la l l hdi d noi mpt nhan vat
huyen thoai da dugc Ijch sir hda,
thanh mdt nhan vat tin ngudng, mdt
anh hung dan too Gia trj dpc dao
ciia le hpi Thanh Gidng la ngUdi dan
tai hien chien edng ciia ngudi anh
hiing bang mpt hdi tran, nhung la
mpt hdi tran bieu trUng
Neu le hpi la mdt "bao tang van
hda" chUa dung nhieu Idp phii sa
van hda, tfn ngUdng thi trUdng hpp le
hpi Thanh Gidng cd the coi nhu mpt
"bao tang van hda" tieu bieu nhat
nay qua the he khae, coi nhU mdt phin ban s i c ciia hp, chifa dung nhifng sang tao mang t i m nhan loai, the hien khat vpng ve mdt eupe sdng thjnh VUpng eho mdi gia dinh, ve mpt nen hda binh cho dat nudc
S u thong n h a t vd nguyen ven cua Hoi Giong
Cho den ngay hdm nay, Le hpi Gidng v i n tdn tai nhieu noi d viing ddng bang B l e bp, tam diem la lang Phil Odng (Gia Lam) - noi Thanh Gidng sinh ra va Phii Linh (Sdc Son)
hat ai lao, mua hd va diln xUdng
Cd the ndi rang, L i hpi Gidng khdng chi gdp phin tao dpng lUc de d c gia dinh d nhifng noi cd le hdi sdng tdt hon, d trach nhiem bao tdn di san hon, ma cdn gdp phin lam phong phu them kho tang le hpi dan gian Viet Nam
Ngudi lang Gidng cd d e h gin giif van hda r i t rieng, hp r i t tdn trpng
d c huong Ude quy djnh ngUdi dUpc tham gia le hpi Nhiing gia dinh d
(Xem tiep trang 78)
Trang 3J Than htra
^ M I C H I N H
Cum di tich Hd Quyen -Voi Re
phuong da khdng xir ly kien quyet, gay thiet hai cho di
san va sU phife tap keo dai, khdng dupe giai quyet triet
de Cu the nhU d khu vifc Hd Tinh Tam hien khd cd bien
phap giai tda, tdn tao d n h quan do cd qua nhieu hp dan
l l n chiem, sinh sdng khu vUc ven hd Hay nhU cum di
tich Hd Quyen - Voi Re, cac nganh churc nang mdi
khoanh vimg bao ve, chU chua ed phuong an tdn tao va
bao tdn
Cd the ndi, trong nhung nam qua, edng tae tdn tao,
bao tdn di tich Cd dd Hue ludn dupe d e d p , d c nganh
eiia tinh ThUa Thien - Hue quan tam coi trpng, va dae
biet la Trung tam Bao tdn Di tfch Cd dd Hue vdi nhumg
giai phap eu the nham bao tdn Di san the gidi tdt nha't cd
the Ben canh dd, Trung tam edn phuc dung nhtfng tai
san, gia tri phi vat the nhu Nha nhac Cung dinh Hue
Viee triing tu d c di tfch d Cd dd Hue dang gap phai
nhifng thach thUe mdi tU eupe sdng eiia mdt dd thj dang
phat trien Do dd, d Hue mudn lam gi cung lo vudng di
san, dan mudn coi ndi nha cifa eung phai dupc phep eiia
nhieu d p , nhieu nganh chUc nang trong Thanh ndi, nha
dan khdng dugc cao qua 11 m, khdng qua 2 ting; nhilu
chile d u trong d e khu di tfch dang xudng d p nhUng co
quan chUe nang ehUa tim ra dupe giai phap de bao tdn
vi d m d u thi dan khdng cd ldi di, lam them d u mdi thi
pha vd chinh the kien triic di tfch Nhimg quy djnh nhU
vay la nham bao ve di tfch va khdng gian di san, nhUng
giai quyet the nao bai toan nha d trUde sifc ep dan sd gia
tang va tdc dp dd thi hda la dieu khdng he don gian Do
dd, theo lanh dao eiia UBND tinh ThUa Thien - Hue,
cimg vdi ngudn kinh phi thda dang, thi viee bao ve di tich
d Cd dd Hue ra't d n mpt cO che dae thii
Ai cung biet, he thdng di tfch d Cd dd Hue la di san
van hda quy khdng nhifng eua Viet Nam ma edn la di
san quy ciia the gidi, nhung lam the nao de di san
trudng tdn, gdp phin vao sU phat trien kinh te - van hda
- xa hdi eiia tinh ThUa Thien - Hue ndi rieng, cuia d i t
nudc ndi chung v i n phu thupc rat Idn vao sU quan tam
cuia d e d p , d e nganh chife nang, ma true tiep la tinh
ThUa Thien - H u e *
Di san van hoa Hoi Giong
(Tie'p theo trang 76)
eon d i hu hdng, khdng hda thuan se khdng dupc tham gia hpi lang Gia dinh nao d eon dupe chpn ddng vai Thanh Gidng trong dien xUdng thi ddc h i t Idng het sifc
de lam dung d e nghi l l , thii tue ma cha dng tmyen lai NgUdi ddng vai Thanh Gidng se dupe dan lang cung kinh gpi la dng Lenh Thdng qua nhiing viec lam dd ngudi dan da giao due eho d c the he eon chau cua minh tinh than thupng vd, doan kit
Trong nhifng ghi chep edn lai tU nam 1893, nha nghien cifu ngUdi Phap G.Dumoutier da viet: "Hpi Gidng edn dpng mai trong tam tri mdi ngudi gidng nhif mpt trong nhtfng canh tupng cam ddng nhat ma chung tdi chifng k i l n d viing Bac ky Lieu rang d chau
Au gia cd eua chung ta ngUdi dan cd cdn tu hao lam
le ky niem mdt sU kien ljch sir da dien ra hai nghin ba tram nam trude?"
Cung gidng nhu bao di san van hda khac cua nhan loai, sau niem vui chung ta d n ban tdi viee bao tdn, gin giif di san nay sao cho hieu qua va ben vifng nhat Noi
ve van de nay, GS.TS Ngd Difc Thjnh, iiy vien Hpi ddng
di san van hda qudc gia, ngUdi tham gia xay dung va phan bien hd so trUde khi trinh UNESCO cho rang: "Li hpi Gidng thudc ve nhan dan, do nhan dan sang tao ra, chia khda cho viee bao tdn va gin gitJf chinh la nhan dan, khdng ai d the thay the hp lam dieu dd Nha nUde dii
cd bd ra bao nhieu tien ciia va cdng sufc nhUng de l i hpi
xa rdi nhan dan thi le hpi eung se hdng"
Dieu nay hoan toan ed ly bdi bat cuf hoat dpng nao sdng trong nhan dan, do ngUdi dan gin giif cung la hoat ddng lau ben, y nghTa nhit Viee chung ta d n lam chi la; giup ngudi dan hieu t i m quan trpng cua di san va cd y thufc bao ve nd Sap tdi, chac chan L i hpi Gidng se thu hilt dupe SLf quan tam Idn eiia ddng dao ngUdi dan, moi djp hdi lang theo dd cung tUng bimg, nhpn nhjp hdn Chi'nh vi vay, Nha nudc, d e td chifc xa hpi, don vj kinh
te cimg gdp sifc vdi ngUdi dan de bao tdn l i hpi Tuy nhien, gdp sire nhu the nao, gin giuf ra sao lai la van de
d n dupc d n nhac ky lUdng, bdi nhieu l i hdi khi d dieu kien ve tien, eiia lai bj pha hdng
PGS.TS T r i n Lam Bien - Cue di san van hda cho rang: Mudn bao ve dupe Le hdi truyen thd'ng, trudc het chung ta phai biet L l hdi la gi L i hdi la mpt cap pham trii thdng nha't nUOng tUa nhau de tdn tai, khdng cd cai
np thi khdng cd d i kia Hpi trude h i t la sif tap hpp, chijf hpi khdng phai la su vui chPi, tap hpp mdt epng ddng ngUdi nao dd de thUe hien nhifng dieu Le
Cai gdc cua L i hpi la mdt san pham ciia van hda dan tpc Viet Nam va khdi d i u eOa nd lay tinh thin yeu nudc, bao ve dan tdc lam trpng Neu chung ta hieu ve can edt ciia L l Hdi mpt d c h tif te thi ung xur cua chimg
ta vdi L l Hdi mdi tuf t e *