and after an object verb + obj + to inf : advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn… - The[r]
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-Date: 24/09/2010
Extra-lesson plan Lesson 2: INFINITIVE AND GERUND
I Objectives:
By the end of the lesson Ss are able:
- To know how to use gerund and infinitive properly
II Materials:
- Handout, guide book
III Anticipated problems:
Ss may confuse with skill tasks, so T should ready to assist them
IV Procedure:
Stage and
15’ 1.Presentation
I Infinitive:
1 Infinitive: is used:
As Subiect: - To conceal the truth from her was foolish
As Object: - He wanted to become a spaceman
As adj : - He was the first man to leave the room
- English is an important language to master
In some certain structures :
* to express purpose of action:
- He went to the station to meet her
- He bought a dictionary to study English
* TOO +Adj / Adv
- She is too tired to go for a walk
- The box was too heavy for her to carry
* Adj / Adv + ENOUGH
- I’m strong enough to carry that heavy box
- He isn’t rich enough to travel everywhere by taxi
After some verbs: afford, agree, arrange, decide, demand, expect, fail, hope, intend, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, threaten, want, wish, would like…
- They promised to come back soon
- He can’t afford to take a taxi
and after an object (verb + obj + to inf) : advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn…
- They don’t allow us to smoke in the office
- I taught myself to play the guitar
2 Bare Infinitive: without to
Is used after Modal verbs : can, could, may, might, must, ought to…
- You may go now
- They must finish the work by now
Is used after: HAVE, LET, MAKE, HELP…
- I helped the child tidy his desk
Whole class
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He had a painter paint the gate
- They let him enter the room without a ticket
- My parents make me go to bed early
After BUT, EXCEPT
- Why don’t you do anything but complain?
- She agreed to do everything but help him with the homework
After perception verbs: see, watch, hear, notice, observe, spot…
- We heard them sing all morning
- He saw the thief enter the hall
Notice:
- I watched them playing football for a while (a part of action)
- I watched them play football yesterday afternoon (all action)
II/ GERUND: V-ing: is used as:
1 Subject: Smoking is bad for health
Walking is a good exercise
2 Object:
a Of a verb: keep, enjoy, avoid, advise, allow, mind, imagine, consider, permit, recommend, suggest, miss, risk, practise, deny, escape, finish, postpone, mention, prevent, recall, resent, understand, admit, resist, appreciate, delay, explain, fancy, loathe, feel like, tolerate, quit, discuss, anticipate, prefer…
Do you enjoy speaking English to a native speaker?
b Of a phrasal verb: give up, look forward to, keep on, be interested
in, put off…
I’m looking forward to seeing you soon
c Of an idiom :can't help, can't stand, it’s no good, it’s no use……
It’s no use telling him about that
d Of a preposition: She is very good at learning math
+ Notice: Some verbs can be followed by also gerund and infinitive with to but they have different meanings
(*) Remember + gerund: nhớ đã làm việc gì
- I remember posting the letter
(*) Remember + to infinitive: nhớ làm việc gì
- I remember to post the letter
(*) Stop + gerund: bỏ, ngừng
- She stopped mending the dress
(*) Stop + to infinitive: dừng lại để làm gì
- He stopped to have a drink
(*) Try + gerund : thử làm gì
- I try writing in blue ink to see if my handwriting is better
(*) Try + to infinitive : cố gắng làm gì
- They tried to work as hard as they could
(*) Mean + gerund : đồng nghĩa
- Failure in the exam means having to learn one more year (*) Mean + to infinitive : có ý định
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- He means to take the coming exam
(*) Forget + gerund : quên đã làm gì
- I forgot telling her this story
(*) Forget + to infinitive : quên làm gì
- I forgot to tell her about this
(*) Regret + gerund : hối hận đã làm gì
- She regrets going to a village school
- The party was great He regretted not to go there
(*) Regret + to infinitive : hối tiếc sẽ làm việc gì
- I regret to say that she can’t come tonight
28’ 2 Practice: (give handouts)
- Ask Ss to do the exercises individually
- Ask Ss compare their answers with a partner
- Call on some Ss to go to the board and write the answers
- Ask other Ss to comment and give correct answers
Individual and pair work Whole class
Wrap-up
2’
- Summarize the main point of the lesson
- Ask Ss to do some more extra exercises in the workbook
Whole class
EXERCISES ABOUT INFINITIVE AND GERUND
I Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive of the verbs in brackets:
1 We plan (take)……… our holidays abroad this year
2 I prefer (drive)…… to (be)…… driven
3 Would you mind (lend) …… $5? I need (buy) …… a pen
4 At first I enjoyed (listen) …to him but after a while I got tired of (hear)… the same story again and again
5 Come over here! I’d like you (see) ……….this
6 I suggest (telephone) …….the hospital before (ask)…… the police (look)…… for him
7 Don’t pretend (be)……… what you aren’t
8 Annie denied (throw) ………….the brick through the window
9 We are planning (visit)……… several historical sites in Moscow
10 For some strange reasons, I keep (think)……… today is Saturday
II Choose the best answer:
1 I have so much to tell you, I don’t know where ……
A begin B to begin C to be begun D being begun
2 Keep …… and you’ll find a job eventually
A trying B to try C to be tried D being tried
3 The government has few options expect …… interest rates high
A keep B to be kept C being kept D to keep
4 The rest of the money …… to his parents
A is to send B are to send C is to be sent D are to be sent
III Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets:
1.I hate (keep)…… waiting
2.She wanted (go) … home but the boss made her (stay)… until she finished (type)…… those contracts 3.Professor Smith dislikes (interrupt) ……… when he explaining the lecture
4.She locked the front door because she didn’t want (disturb) ………