PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE: - Cách dùng tương tự Present Participle & gerund nhưng về mặt ý nghĩa, nó diễn tả hoặc nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của 1 hành động Eg1: Finishing my ho[r]
Trang 1Date : 18 / 10 /2009
Period 7 UNIT 4: Volunteer work
PERFECT GERUND ,PERFECT PARTICIPL PRESENT PARTICIPLE
1 Aim:
- Ps will be able to talk about volunteer work and use perfect gerund ,perfect participl present participle
2 Language contents :
@ Vocabulary : Words and phrases to talk about volunteer work
@ Grammar: perfect gerund ,perfect participl present participle
3 Techniques: questions – answers
4 Teaching aids Chart , handout
5 Procedure.
Teacher’s and pupils’ activities Content
T asks sts to answer the questions
Sts discuss in pairs and answer
-T presents the lesson
T presents topic and grammar
T asks sts to answer the questions
Sts work in pairs to ask and answer
T calls some pairs to talk in front of the
ckass
T comments
T presents about Gerund and present
participle
Sts listen and copy
1 WARM-UP
1 Where do stdents do volunteer work ?
2 Which kind of volunteer work do you like ?
3 what is the aim of volunteer work ?
II PRESENTATION
Topic: volunteer work What do volunteers do to ….?0 + help people in remote or mountainuos areas + help old or sick people
+ help disadvantaged or handicapped children + take part in directing the traffic
Grammar: perfect gerund ,perfect participle, present participle
I Participles
There are three kinds of participles in English: present participle, past participle and perfect participle You probably know the first two from certain tenses and adjective forms Apart from that, participles are also used to shorten sentences.
1 Present Participle
The present participle is the ing-form You surely know this form:
* from progressive / continuous tenses (e g Present Progressive) – I am speaking.
* as an adjective form – The film is interesting.
* as a gerund – He is afraid of flying.
Not the exceptions in spelling when adding 'ing':
Exception Example final e dropped (but: ee is not changed) come – coming (but: agree - agreeing)
final consonant after short, stressed vowel is doubled sit – sitting final consonant l after vowel is always doubled (in British English) travel – travelling
Final ie becomes y lie – lying The present participle can be used to describe the following verbs:
come, go, sit
Trang 2(see Infinitive or Ing-Form)
feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch
Example: Did you see him dancing?
Furthermore, the present participle can be used to shorten or combine active clauses that have the same subject.
Example: She left the house and whistled – She left the house whistling.
2 Perfect Participle
The perfect participle can be used to shorten or combine clauses that have the same subject if …
* … one action (the one where the perfect participle is used) is completed before the next action starts.
Example: She bought a bike and cycled home – Having bought a bike, she cycled home.
* … one action has been going on for a period of time when another action starts.
Example: He had been living there for such a long time that he didn't want to move to another town – Having lived there for such a long time, he didn't want to move to another town.
The perfect participle can be used for active and passive voice.
* active voice: having + past participle (Having cooked, he set the table.)
* passive voice: having been + past participle (Having been cooked, the food looked delicious.)
II PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE:
- Cách dùng tương tự Present Participle & gerund nhưng
về mặt ý nghĩa, nó diễn tả hoặc nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của 1 hành động
Eg1: Finishing my homework, I went to bed: Sau khi làm xong bài tập tôi đi ngủ
Having finished my homework, : Sau khi đã làm xong bài tập
* Câu thứ hai nhấn mạnh việc đi ngủ chỉ xảy ra sau khi đã làm xong bài tập.
Eg2: I approve of helping the poor: Tôi đồng ý với việc giúp đỡ người nghèo
I approve of having helped the poor: Tôi đồng ý với việc các bạn đã giúp đỡ người nghèo
* Câu thứ hai diễn tả ý giúp đỡ người nghèo này đã xảy ra rồi
- Perfect gerund:
Eg: I had had dinner and then I went out for a walk last night.
~~> Having had dinner, I
* Use: Rút gọn & diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác/
- Perfect participle:
Eg: The denied having been there.
PREP/ VERB + HAVING V3
* Use: diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước hoặc ko xảy ra
trước
Trang 3T asks sts to write
Sts work individually
T calls 3 sts to read their writing
T comments and corects
T asks sts to do exercises
Sts work in pairs to do the exercises
T gives the handouts
T has pupils sit in groups of 4 to discuss
and do the exercise
T calls some ps to speak in front of the
class
T corects whole class
III.Practice
I Write about a kind of volunteer work your friends and you usually do to help people
We usually take part in ………
II Change into simple sentences , using perfect participle
1 After I had taken many photos, I closed my camera
2 I had seen the film once, so I did not want to see it again
3 I had nothing to eat so I now feel hungry
4 As I has broken my pen, I had to buy a new one III Change the following complex sentences into simple ones using present participle
1 I watched the girls while they were playing
2 While he was going home, he methis father
3 Because my father was busy, he could not come
4 As soon as I entered the room, I found my friend sick
IV Production Exercise : ( hand outs ) .
5.HOMEWORK
Do the exercise 1 again
Handouts : Complete each sentence with one of these verbs :
answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write, cause, escape, go, help, interrupt, live, play, solve, spend, walk
1 He tried to avoid my questions
2 Could you please stop so much noise?
3 I enjoy to music
4 I considered for the job but in the end I decided against it
5 Have you finished your hair yet?
6 If you walk into the road without looking, you risk knocked down
7 Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet He wants to carry on
8 I don’t mind you the phone as long as you pay for all your calls
9 Hello! Fancy you here! What a surprise!
10 I’ve put off the letter so many times I really must do it today
11 What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody so stupid?
12 Sarah gave up to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad
13 Do you feel like out this evening?
14 It took us a long time but we finally succeeded in the problem
15 I’ve always dreamed of in a small house by the sea
16 The driver of the other car accused me of the accident
17 There was a fence around the lawn to stop people from on the grass
18 Forgive me for you but may I ask you some questions?
19 Where are you thinking of your holiday this year?
20 The guards weren’t able to prevent the prisoner from
21 I wanted to cook the meal by myself but Dave insisted on me
22 I’m sorry we’ve had to cancel our game of tennis tomorrow I was really looking forward to