Mong Long than, Thd dja cung td tien chQ-ng giam phQ hd cho gia dinh chu (chau, bae. Sau dd, ngirdi chu dua cho ngudi dung ten mdt khoan tien mang tinh tugng trung va ndi; "Em gi[r]
Trang 1QUA TRINH XAV DUNG NHA CUA NGUCil NUNG
0 HUYEN DONG HY, TINH THAI NGUYEN
Phan Dinh Thuan
Trudng DH Sir phgm - DH Thdi Nguyen
TOM TAT
Nha d la mgt to hgp ve sinh hoat va van hoa ciia cu dan moi dan tgc No phan anh trinh do phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, dong thdi phan anh chieu hudng phat trien kinh te gan lien vdi canh quan xung quanh va phuang thiic sinh boat ciia mgt tgc ngudi Nha eua ngudi Niing d huyen Dong Hy tinh Thai Nguyen mang nhieu net dae trung so vdi cac dja phuang khac dac biet trong cac budc tien hanh lam nha
Til' khoa: Ddn tgc Nimg, Dung Hy Nhd mdi, Vdn hod, Ddn tgc
Ngdi nha dugc dung cd the la nha cQ bay nha
mdi lam song day la mdc danh dau sir kien
trgng dai eua mdt ddi ngudi Do vay viec
dung nha, lam nha ludn diigc chuan bj ky
ludng va chu dao trinh tu qua nhieu budc
khac nhau
Chon dat va hu'dng nha
Ngdi nha mdi dugc lam dQ sang trgng hay
binh dan can phai cd be thdng nghi lc, tap tuc
phirc tap va tdn kem Trudc khi tien hanh lam
nha mdi ngudi NQng chu trgng xem tudi va
xem hudng nha Ngdi nha mdi tlurdng dugc
dat d vj tri dep De chgn vj tri dung nha luc
xe chieu cua mgt ngay tdt, chu nha den chd
djnh lam nha cam mdt cdc nira va dat vao
chan cgc nhQng la cd gianh, ddng thdi dao
mdt hd bang cai bat to nen chat xung quanh
rdi lay gao dat xudng thanh tung chdm Theo
quan niem cua hg ciic chdm tugng trung
eho ngucii va gia sue quay quan xung quanh
ngdi nha Dieu nay the hien udc mudn cua
hg ve mdt cudc sdng no du sung tuc trong
tuong lai
Mat khac, de biet dugc chd du djnh lam nha
cd tdt hay khdng ngircTi Nung rat de cao giac
mdng cua minh Hg cho rang kbi chuan bj
lam nha mdi neu clui nha mo- thay nude, cay
cdi xanh tuoi la diem tdt Ngugc lai neu
ino-thay mau do la dieu khdng hay Dac biet hg
rat ky tieng keu eua huou nai Neu mgi
chuyen deu tdt lanh thi clui nha lam nha tren
dat da djnh san
iel: 0977040824; Email: Mickeychiiycnln'dgmail.com
Ngudi NQng tin theo thuyet Phong thuy nen
hg thudng mdi cac thay ve xem cho Ngay xua khi dat dai cdn rdng dan cu thua thdt, ngudi ta mdi chu y chgn dat, cdn ngay nay
hg chi chgn budng Theo thuyet Phong thuy, dat de lam nha d dinh chQa dung xdm thdn ggi la duong trach Duong trach phai hai hoa vdi thien nhien cd mdi trudng tdt khien con ngudi cam thay tuoi vui boa nha, co- the khoe manh tinh than sang khoai Dat lam nha phai gan ngudn nude, dat dai mau md nhung phai cao rao, khdng am thap, khdng khi trong lanh,
cd dudng di thuan tien CQng gidng nhu quan niem lam nha trudc day, ngay nay ngudi Nimg hg van kieng lam nha tren nen gieng cu hay ngd cut Nluing manh dat d noi gan chua, mieu mao noi tbcT cung tlurdng khdng dugc ddng bao chgn dc xay dung nha o- Neu cd thi phai each pham vi chQa mdt khoang nhat djnh boi bg cho rang dd la no'i ngu trj cua thanh than, pham phai dat dd la bj thanh than qud phat trach mdc Nhung noi cd cay ed thu boa mdc tinh nhung tang da cudi da boa thach tinh deu phai tranh xa vi d dd cd nhieu ma quy quay nhieu Neu lam thi phai lap mieu thd trong vudn huong khdi thudng xuyen, Tuy nhien neu thdi ky trirde nam 1945 qua trinh lira chgn dat lam nha cd nhieu thuan lgi ban nen vj tri cua nluing ngdi nha nay thudng rat dep Cdn ngay nay hudng cua eac ngdi nha cua ngudi NQng rat da dang Du gia clui khdng dugc budng dep thay dja ly cQng se dQng thuat de boa giai eac hudng cho thich hgp de gia clui yen tam
59
Trang 2Sau khi da lira chgn dugc noi lam nha ngirdi
ta bat dau chgn hudng Day la cdng viec quan
trgng ma khdng mdt gia dinh nao dugc phep
bd qua Ong thay cung dua vao tudi chu nha,
la ban va sach de chgn budng nha Hudng
chinh cQa nha la hudng cua ban thd va la
hudng de mo- cira chinh Tuy nhien hien nay
nhilu gia dinh hudng ban thd khdng phai la
hudng nha Hudng dep la budng khdng bj nui
che khuat khdng ed nhiing IQin cay cd hinh
thu quai dan an ngu hay nhdm ngd vao nha
khdng cd dudng hoac ndc nha chinh cua
ngirdi khac lao thang vao nha la hirdng hop
vdi tudi chu nha Nhin chung ngudi Nung
khdng cd quan niem budng nao tdt bon
lur-dng nao nlur ngudi Kinh va ngudi Co- Lao
Ngudi Kinh cho rang hudng Nam la hudng
dep nhat: "Lay vg hien hoa iam nha lurdng
Nam", vdi ngudi Co- Lao thi lurdng md ciia
chinh dep nhat la budng Ddng, bdi do la
hudng chao ddn anh nang mat trdi tir sang
sdm la budng tugng trirng cho su sdng va
phat trien thu gom cua eai vao nha
[23.tr 185]
0 hudng nao thi nha cua ngudi Nimg cung
dam bao nhung dieu kien thuan lgi cho san
xuat va sinh boat, dap ung nhu cau cua cudc
sdng Suy cho cung viec chgn dat chgn
hudng nha chi la tan dung tdi da the manh eua
mdi trirdng tir nhien de ddi phd vdi chinh nd
Hudng cua cae ngdi nha cua ngudi NQng hien
nay rat phong phu Hau bet cac ngdi nha deu
tap trung chu yeu d dudng Qudc Id, dudng
lien thdn lien xdm Dieu nay xuat phat tir sir
phat trien cua nen kinh the thj trudng va cac
nhu cau xa hdi khac
Chon vat lieu
Vat lieu xay dung ddng vai trd vd cung quan
trgng trong xay dung Nd khdng chi quyet
djnb tudi thg quy md, hinh dang, ve dep
plurong phap va tdc do thi cdng cua cdng
trinh ma cdn bieu hien ca trinh do phat trien
khoa hgc ky thuat cua mgt dan tdc, mdt qudc
gia [1 l,tr.28] Trudc nam 1945 vat lieu tao len
nhung ngdi nha thudng la eac loai gd quy
(lim sen tau ) Mat khac dudng kinh cua
cac loai cot trong nha tlurdng cd dirdng kinh
Idn hon nhuna nadi nha lam giai doan sau
Tuy nhien tir nam 1945 den nay dae biet trong thdi gian gan day viee tim kiem vat lieu lain nha cd truyen thdng gap rat nhieu khd khan Dien tich rimg eua huyen Ddng Hy chii yeu la rimg tai sinh Do vay, gd quy hiem it
va kick thudc cdn nhd NhQng ngdi nha Iam theo kieu truyen thdng ngay cang it di De khac phuc nhirng ban che dd va phu hgp vdi
xu tbi phat trien cua nen kinh te - ,xa hdi dja phuang Cu dan dja phuong da biet tao ra va tim kilm nhQng vat lieu thay the Mat khac, loai hinh nha, quy md eua ngdi nha cung dugc thay ddi cho phu hgp
Ngay nay, vat lieu lam nen nhung ngdi nha cua ngudi Nung clui yeu la gd tai sinh (thanh nganh, xoan ) Do vay khi nhin vao chat lieu
gd va dudng kinh eua cdt nha chung ta cung phan nao biet duge thdi gian lam ra ngdi nha Ben canh nhung loai gd lay tu tu nhien ddng bao da biet sir dung ximang, sat thep de thay the vat lieu truyen thdng khi xay dung nha bep hay nhung cdng trinh phu
Hien nay, tuy da cd nhieu vat lieu xay dung md'i thay the nhung ngudi Nung van sir dung mdt sd vat lieu: Tre, nira, mai, vau khi lam nha Mdt sd gia dinh edn su dung nhiTng cay
gd lau nam trong vudn de lam nha nhu xoan, bach dan, keo
Neu nhu nhQng ngdi nha truyen thdng ciia ngudi Nung trudc day vat lieu su dung de budc cac vi keo va mai thudng la eay may nude va mdt sd loai day rung thi ngay nay vay lieu nay da duge thay the bang nhieu vat lieu mdi phong phii hon ( sat, than cay hdp ) Dung lam lat budc ngoai tre, nua, giang cdn phai ke den cay may nude va mdt sd loai day rung Nhung loai vat lieu de Igp nha ehu yeu
la cd tranh, la heo, ra Dd la loai vat lieu de kiem phd bien va lgp nha tdt d vung trung
du NhQ-ng vat lieu de lam tudng vach ngoai tre nua, gd, ra cdn ed dat ddi Cac loai vat lieu tren ludn dirge dung ket hgp lan nhau, ehi cd su ket hgp chat che giiia cac loai vat lieu tren thi sire ben cua ngdi nha mdi dam bao lau dai Nluing ngdi nha duge xay dung trudc nam
1945 thudng duge lgp bang cd tranh la heo, ra Nhirng vat lieu phd bien d vung mien nui
Tuy nhien nhung ngdi nha dugc Iam sau dd
vat lieu de Igp phong phu hon: Ngdi am dirona la eg ra
60
Trang 3Cung gidng nhu thdi ky trudc nam 1945
ngudi Nimg thudng chgn vat lieu kic ndng
nhan Khac vdi mgt sd dan tdc d nude ta
ngudi NQng khdng ed tap tue giup dd nhau
hay chgn ngay di lay vat lieu Thudng tbi gia
dinh tu chuan bj vat lieu, bao gid du tbi mdi
lain nha Ngudi ta Ien rung chgn nhung cay
tre cay gd vQ-a y, chat xudng va mang ve nha
bang nhQng chiec xe quet do trau keo hoac
bang su'c ngud'i Gd thudng duge hg lay vao
inQa thu, dau mua ddng hoac ngay khdng cd
anh trang de tranh mdi mgt Cay gd, cay tre
ay phai thang, deu gidng Cd nhu vay mdi
dam bao y nghia khoa hge, sue ben cua vat
lieu va my quan Cung nhu ngudi Mdng, Tay,
San Diu, ngudi NQng kieng khdng lay cay bj
set danh, chet khd, gay nggn, bj dd hay song
nga, xa leo Ngudi ta cho rang dd la nhQng
cay bj than ma lam hdng, neu lay ve khdng
phat dat Tuy nhien, thdi gian tap hgp vat lieu
ngay canh duge rut ngan
Tdm lai, vat lieu de xay dung la mdt trong
nhung yeu td quyet djnh den do ben va tham
my cua ngdi nha So vdi nhung ngdi nha cd
truyen thdng cua ngudi Nimg dugc lam nen
trudc nam 1945 thi vat lieu tao nen nhung
ngdi nha trong giai doan hien nay cd mdt sd
diem khac biet Su khac biet nay, dugc the
hien dehat lugng do ben cua vat lieu Nhiing
vat lieu thay the hien nay tuy khdng giu dugc
nhung net truyen thdng trong van hoa cua tdc
ngudi song nd van dam bao eho mdt td am
eua ddng bao noi day Cd the ndi du trinh do
nin kinh tl xa hdi cd phat trien den chirng nao
di chang nQa thi nhimg gia trj van hoa truyen
thdng cua tdc ngirdi van la net dep vinh ciru
Qua khao sat thue tien, cluing tdi nhan thay
rang de cd the lam duge ngdi nha truyen
thdng ctia ngudi Nung trong giai doan bien
nay la mdt van de bet sire khd khan Do vay
van dl bao tdn van hoa tdc ngudi la trach
nhiem cua toan xa hdi
Ngay nay ngudi dan d Ddng Hy da xay
dung nha bang ngudn vat liet bien dai nhu
gach ngdi vdi, vira, xi mang, sat thep Song
du cho xa hdi cd hien dai den dau thi nhirng
von kinh nghiem dan gian quy bau tren \an se
dugc luu truyen dd khdng ehi la vdn quy eua dan tdc Nung ma cdn la "tai san", kinh nghiem cua dan tdc Viet Nam
3 - Chgn tudt ldm nhd vd ngdy khdi cdng
Khi chuan bj xong ngudn nguyen vat lieu, ddng bao mdi chgn nam lam nha chgn ngay khdi cdng Ngudi chu bien mdt le nhd den nhd thay xem tudi minh cd lam dirge nha vao nam nay khdng, khdi cdng hdm nao dung vao ngay nao va ngay nao vao nha mdi la dep nhat Tat ca nhung ngay dd deu dugc dng thay xem, dua vao tudi cua chu nha va ngay sam ra dau tien eua nam dd
Ngudi Nung kieng lam nha vao tudi Kim lau bdi lam vao tudi dd se gay boa cho gia dinh Kim lau dirge chia thanh Kim lau than, kim lau the, kim lau tir, kim lau luc sue Tudi kim lau chi dugc tinh cho dan dng vi the lam nha thudng theo tudi dan dng Cac thay tinh tudi kim lau bang each lay ca tudi mu cua chu gia dinh chia cho 9, neu du 1 la kim lau than, du
3 la kim lau the, du 6 la kim lau tu, du 8 la kim lau luc sue [1 l,tr 626] Vi vay, cac thay
cd cau "1,3,6.8 thi kim lau" Ben canh dd, hg cdn kieng tam tai, hoang dc, dae biet la kieng ngay sam ra dau tien trong nam dd Bdi hg cho rang, dng sam len trdi se lay het van may
Vi du gia dinh dng Ly Van Chan d Cau Dat, dng sinh nam 1939, lam nha theo lurdng Nam, neu lam vao nam 1987 phat ky ngay Dan bdi dd la ngay dng sam len trdi; neu lam nha vao nam 2003 thi phai ky ngay Thin vv,, Sau kbi xem xet ky ludng, thay mdi xem ngay gid khdi cdng va cac thu tuc khac cd lien quan Neu chu nha khdng dugc tudi lam nha, ngudi ta cd the mugn ngudi dung ten chu nha Chu nhan sam le vat nhd thudng la mam com
de eung td tien va Long than, Thd dja Ngudi dugc mugn tudi lam nha (thudng la ngudi than trong hg) dirng ra lay ten minh de lo cdng viec lam nha cho xong xudi Den khi vao nha mdi, ngudi ta lam le ban nha Ngudi ban nha se khan rang: tinh pbii, .Huyen xa .thdn Con ten la tudi dugc Long than, thd dja cung To tien chirng giam nay con da lam xong ngdi nha cd chiit
le mgn thap nen hiiang ta on Long than, Thd
Trang 4dja va Td tien Nay em (chau anh ) la
tudi chua cd chd d nen eon ban lai cho chQ
bac, chau ) ay vdi gia Mong Long than,
Thd dja cung td tien chQ-ng giam phQ hd cho
gia dinh chu (chau, bae ) ay manh khoe,
lam an phat dat Sau dd, ngirdi chu dua cho
ngudi dung ten mdt khoan tien mang tinh
tugng trung va ndi; "Em giao cho anh du ."
rdi thap huong khan nhan nha
Khi da xem dugc tudi lain nha va eae ngay
quan trgng thi chu nhan ra ve chuan bj lam le
"Khdi mdng" (ngudi Kinh ggi la ddng thd)
Cd the ndi, day la mdt trong nhung nghi le
quan trgng de xin phep Thd than va Td tien
phu hd eho viec lam nha Cung nhu ngudi
Viet, ngudi Nung thudng lam mam cd man,
bao gid cung cd con ga nlurng phai la ga sdng
thien Nghi le nay do chu nhan tien hanh,
cung ed the dugc thuc bien bdi thay dja ly
Sau khi khan xong, ngudi dugc tudi lam nha
se cam cudc, cudc bdn gdc tu Ddng Nam,
Tay, Bac va d giua trung cung hoang thd)
Thudng thi ngay khdi cdng la ngay dat mdng
ludn Ong thay se thap huo-ng d ca bdn gdc va
d giua manh dat, sau do vira khan, vua lam
phep di vdng quanh nha de xua dudi ta ma,
quy quai, cd bdn qua tu Nhat la gia dinh cd
phu iiQ mang thai thi cdng viec nay dugc lam
can than hon Sau khi hanh le xong, ehu nhan
se do dat vao bdn gdc tudng cQng theo chieu
Ddng, Bac, Tay Nam va d giQa, va lay ehay
gia manh Cbi khi nao clui nha lam xong tin
ba con lang xdm mdi bat tay vao giup
Trong ca qua trinh lam nha mdi, khdng ai
dugc phep ndi bay sg ddng chain den than
linh, sau nay gia chu se gap nhQng dieu
khdng tdt
Ddi vdi nhung gia dinh cd con cai ra d rieng
ma chua cd dieu kien thi chi chgn dat, chgn
hudng nha rdi dung nha phu de d tam Ngdi
nha phu ay khdng can xem tudi ngay gid
kbdi cdng, ngay dung, ngay vao nha mdi bdi
dd chi la ngdi nha tam lam trong 1 - 2 ngay la
xong Ngdi nha nay se dugc giu den khi vg
chdng chu nha ed du dieu kien de cat ngdi nha
mdi khang trang ban Dd cung la each de thir
dat cd lanh hay khdng Neu sau khi d mdt thdi
gian thay khdng tdt, hg se chuyen di noi khac,
coi dd nhu mdt each thu dat lam nha
Ngay dung va each thirc dyng
De lam mdt ngdi nha mdi ngudi Nung coi trgng viec dung cot chinh la viee quan trgng nhat Thdng thudng de chgn cdt nhat la cot cai dong bao chuan bj nhung eay gd tdt, i thang khdng cut nggn, khdng cd day leo,! khdng bi set danh, chay nggn hay bj dd nga Mat khac ngdi nha phai duge lam tu' nhieu loai gd mdi cdt dugc lam bang nhung chat lieu gd rieng
Tren ca sd chuan bj chu dao, day du nguyen vat lieu, de tien hanh dung nha, ngudi Nung eoi trgng thdi gian dung nha Tuy nhien, may thdi diem hg dae biet eoi trgng do la:
- Trirde bet cdt chinh cua ngdi nha phai dugc dung phai dung vao gid tdt Thdi gian dung cdt cd the la nua dem bay ed the la thdi gian khac neu la gid dep Sau khi cdt ehinh dugc dung len, chu nha dm lay cdt ehinh dat vao hd
da dugc dao san
- Ben canh dd lam nha mdi ngudi NQng chu y den thdi diem lam nha bep va lgp ndc Khi lgp nha ehinh gan xong thi ngdi nha bep dugc i j dung len Ngdi nha bep thudng do eae cu nhieu tudi tien hanh lam, trude khi dung nha bep ngudi ta chdn vao bdn gde bep bdn dng nua, sau dd dd dat len Khi lam xong nha bep, ndc cua ngdi nha chinh mdi dugc hoan thanh Dat ndc dugc coi la mdt trong nhirng nghi le quan trgng, anh hudng den ddi sdng tam ly cua ca gia dinh Cd nhieu nha can than cdn dan giay dd vao hai dau ngdi nha de xua ta
ma djnb quay nhieu gia dinh NhQng cay ndc dugc lam sau nay cdn dugc viet chu len, ghi
rd ngay thang nam dat ndc, coi do nhu su xac djnb ehu quyen Neu ngay tdt khdng kip dung xong thi nhat djnh phai dat ndc trirdc rdi hdm sau dung tiep Sau khi dung xong, ngudi ta bat dau lgp nha, lgp hai mai phu trudc rdi den hai mai chinh
Le vao nha mdi
Sau khi da lam nha xong, chu nha phai chgn ngay lanh thang tdt Ddng thdi de thuan lgi trong viee tien hanh nghi le vao nha mdi chii nha nhd mdt ba cu hien lanh phuc hau cd con chau ddng due kinh te kha gia, ba cu se
62
Trang 5thuc hien nghi le bang each, ba eu mang mdt
bd dude len nha sau dd mang xudng bep va
nhdm lira Ngud'i NQng quan niem lam nhu
vay se xua dudi ta ma, via dgc ra khdi nha
Sau dd chti nha ggi ea gia dinh len nha mdi
bat dau cudc sdng mdi
Sau khi lam xong nha mdi, de bao cho Td
tien, Thd dja va Ma xd ehu nha phai tien
hanh nghi le thd cung Le vat thd eung bao
gdm: Ga xdi, rugu Nghi le nay dugc thuc
hien, chu nha eau mong td tien va Than linh
phu hd cho gia dinh lam an phat dat, cudc
sdng hoa thuan hanh phuc Day cQng chinh la
ngay vui cua gia dinh, hg hang va lang xdm
Mgi ngu'di chia se niem vui vdi chu nha va
chuc nhung ldi chuc tdt dep
Le vao nha mdi la mdt trong nhung nghi thuc
khdng the thieu dugc khi Iam xong ngdi nha
Trudc het, ngud'i ta can tien banh mdt sd cdng
viec tai nha vua dung xong, nhu la lam dng
huong dat d cac noi thd eung Ngoai ra, cdn
phai an dinh noi dat bep nau nudng, kiem cui
san de dd Ban thd duge ddng mdi hoac neu
dung ban thd cQ phai lau chui sach se ke ca
cac dd thd Nha phai dugc tay rira sach vdi
vQa, ke ca bep, xoong ndi kieng deu dugc nia
sach se vdi y niem la virt bd nhung dieu xau
xa de ddn lay nhQng dieu tdt dep khi vao nha
mdi Den ngay gid dep da dugc chgn trudc
ngudi ta mdi khieng ban thd- vao trong nha, tu
dd phai thap huang lien tue, trong thdi gian
03 thang cir hit mdt tuan huang lai rdt them
mdt tuan tra rugu Sau khi chuan bj xong
mam com cung dat len ban thd gia clui (hay
ngudi duge tudi lam nha) thap nen huong
khan ta bao cao Td tien Long than Thd dja
dng Tao da hoan tat ngdi nha mdi cac than
Td tien vl an toa Sau dd ngudi ta mang
mudi, gao rdi den cae thu- khac vao nha
Cung ngay hdm dd, hg lam le chuyen lua vao
nha Bip dugc coi la noi rat linh thieng nen
mgi viec phai duge lam can than Ba chu nha
chuin bj thau nude sach be vao noi cd y djnh
dun nau, lau rua sach se chd dd va dat chiec
kilng sach len Nghi le nay mang y nghTa tay
ue cho bep, Iam sach noi d cua Ong Tao Sau
dd ngudi ta mang lua hoac tro bep tu nha bd
me hoac tu nha cu sang vdi y niem rude dng Tao ve de dng khdng di lac hudng Tiep dd, ngudi phu nu dat sieu nude (ndi nude) day len kieng sau do nhdm cui cho bep chay den khi sdi tbi thdi Neu de bep tat ngang chung hoac len lira it, gia dinh se gap nhieu trac trd, lam an khdng sudn se
Nhu vay so vdi cac tap tuc khac, nghi le vao nha mdi cua ngudi NQng tuy khdng tdn kem nhieu ve vat chat, song viee lam nha mat rat nhieu thdi gian va edng sire Tuy nhien, nghi
le lam nha mdi mdt phan the hien van boa rieng cua tdc ngudi trong cdng ddng van hda cac vQng mien Viet Nam
Cung nhu d nhieu dan tdc khac, ngdi nha cua ngudi NQng da trai qua nhung chang dudng Ijch sir vdi nhieu bien ddi nhat djnh theo dieu kien tu nhien dieu kien kinh te va xa hdi Du
d thdi ky' nao ngdi nha ay cQng mang nhQng dac diem dan tdc va nlurng net dac trung tdc ngudi rieng biet
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
[I] Anghenf 1958), Ngudn goc cua gia dinh, cua
chi do tic hiru vd Nhd nuac
[2] Anghen (I960) Chdng Duy Rink Nxb Su that [3] N.N Sieposalop va l.A Siep6al6va(l960), Ve
sir phdn logi nhd theu ddn tuc hue lich su (trong cudn "Ddn lue hue Id gi ?"- Nxb SQ- hgc, HN
[4] Nguyen Khac Tung (1977), Nha cua cua nong
dan ngudi Viet d Trung du Bac Bg, Tgp chi Ddn
lue hoc so 3
[5] Nguyen Khac Tung (1978), Nhd cua cdc ddn
tue o trung du Bde Bg Viet Nam, Nxb Khga hgc xa
hoi Viet Nam
[6] Le Duin (1980), CM XHCN Viet Nam, Nxb
Su that - Ha Ngi, tap 3
[7] Sd tay vi ede ddn tgc Viit Nam (1983), Nxb
Khoa hgc xa hoi - Ha Ngi
[8] Bu dui cdn hiil vi cdc ddn tdc a hien gidi phia
Bac (1983) Nxb Quan dgi nhan dan - Ha Ngi
[9] Ha Van Thu, La Van Lo (1984) Vdn hud Tdy
- Nimg, Nxb Van hoa - Ha Ngi
[10] Ngo Huy Quynh (1986), Tim hiiu lich su
kiin triic Viet Nam, Nxb Xay dung - Ha Ngi
[II] Tran Van Tam (1990), Xdy dung nhd theo
thuyit phung thuy, Nxb Van hoa Thong tin, HN
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SUMMARY , ; , j|
HOUSE CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS OF TAY-NUNG ETHNIC
IN DONG HY THAI NGUYEN
Phan Dinh Thuan
College gl Education - TNU
Housing is a complex of living and culture activities of each ethnic population It reflects the level
of social - economic development, and reflects the trend of economic development, associated I
with the surrounding landscape and way gf living of a minority group House of the Nung people
in Dong Hy district Thai Nguyen province offers many features compared to other places,
especially in the steps to build the house
Keywords: i\iing ethnic Dung Hy ,Veir huuse, Culture Ethnic
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