InterestRate and AssetPrice Forecasting • If interest rates can be forecasted accurately, borrowers can borrow when rates are supposed to be the lowest, while lenders can target the[r]
Trang 2Interest Rate Forecasting & Hedging: Swaps, Financial Futures, & Options
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Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
Learning Objectives
• To understand why financial analysts today usually choose
hedging (protecting) against losses from changing interest
rates and asset prices rather than attempting to forecast interest
rates or the prices of financial assets
• To examine several popular hedging tools, including interest
rate swaps, financial futures, and option contracts
Trang 4Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
Introduction
• For actively traded assets, demand and supply forces are
continually shifting, such that investors interested in these
assets must constantly stay abreast of the latest developments
• It is thus no wonder that accurate interestrate and assetprice
forecasting is so difficult, if not impossible
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Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
InterestRate and AssetPrice
Forecasting
• If interest rates can be forecasted accurately, borrowers can
borrow when rates are supposed to be the lowest, while
lenders can target the expansion of their lending programs to
those periods when interest rates are expected to be the
highest
• Unfortunately, forecasting interest rates is far from easy, and
may be virtually impossible
Trang 6Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
InterestRate and AssetPrice
Forecasting
• There are, however, a few predictable aspects to interestrate
and assetprice movements
• To understand these few regularities and how the financial
markets account for them can significantly reduce the
exposure of one’s investments to interestrate and price
movements and minimize market risk
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Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
InterestRate and AssetPrice
Forecasting
• Interest rates tend to fall (and debt security prices rise) during
a business recession, and rise (and debt security prices fall)
during an economic expansion
• These phases of the business cycle may last months or years.
Trang 8Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
InterestRate and AssetPrice
Forecasting
• In general, shortterm interest rates tend to be more sensitive
to business cycle changes than longterm interest rates on
bonds and other capital market securities
• On the other hand, longterm asset prices tend to be more
volatile than the prices of shortterm assets
Trang 9McGrawHill/Irwin
Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
InterestRate and AssetPrice
Forecasting
Trang 10Money and Capital Markets, 9/e © 2006 The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
InterestRate and AssetPrice
Forecasting
• There is evidence that interest rates also display seasonality,
tending to be higher at some times of the year than at others
• For example, some shortterm rates tend to rise through
summer and autumn as businesses stock their shelves for the
Fall season