dai, dudng giao thdng dat chuan ve mat do, chit lugng, he thd'ng cdng trinh ha ting dugc ngim boa, xay dyng edng trinb ngim va cdng trinh trdn khdng hidn dai, he thd'ng cap nudc, he[r]
Trang 1NGHIEN CLfu - TRAO DOI
Mot so v a n de v e h o a n t h i e n
• •
q u a n l y n h a nitde doi v 6 i ctf sd
h a tang do thi du lich d Viet I\am
Do thj dong vai tro rat quan trgng trong nen kinh te quoc dan, 1^ trung
tam vd ddng ldc phat trien cua nen kinh te, viec xay ddng va phat trien do
thj la mot trong nhiifng van de trpng tam quyet djnh su phdt trien cua dat
niidc Vi vay, viec phat trien co sd ha tang do thj ndi chung, dd thj du ljch
ndi rieng, ludn dUdc Dang va Nha nudc quan tam Ddi vdi nhung do thj du
ljch thi viec phat trien cua ha tang ca sd cdn cd y nghia dac biet quan trgng,
nd gdp phan vao viec dam bao tdc do va chat lugng tang trudng kinh te va
nang cao chat lugng sdng cho ngudi dan De phat trien do thj du lich ben
viifng, can phii cd nhufng glai phap hoan thien quan ly nha nudc ddi vdl cd
sd ha tang dd thj du Ijch nhU: cac cdng trinh giao thdng van tai, bdu dien,
thdng tin lien lac va cac djch vu xa hdi nhu dudng sa, kenh mddng din
nudc, cap thoat nudc, san bay,
Do thj va CO sd ha tang dd thi
0 nudc ta, theo Ui didn Bach
khoa quan nidm vd dd thj dugc
vidi: "Dd thi la khdng gian cu trii
ciia cdng ddng ngudi sdng tap
Irung va boat ddng trong nhung
ITnb vyc kinh te phi ndng nghidp"
Khai nidm vd dd thi dugc quy dinh
trong Clie van ban luat phap, la co
sd phap ly quan trgng dd xay dyng
tidu chf va cd giai phap de plidt
trid'n Nghi dinh 72/2001/ND - CP
ciui Qifnb phil quy dinh: "Dd thj la
khu dan cu tap trung gdm thanh
phd, Ihj xa, thj trail dugc ca quan
nha nudc cd thim quydn qudi dinh
thanh lap vdi chirc nang la trung
tam tdng hgp hoac trung tam
chuydn nganh, cd vai trd thtic day
sy phiit tridn kinh Id' - xa bdi ciia ca
nudc hoac mgt vung lanh thd nhai
djnh, ti Id phi ndng nghidp td'i thieii
60% tdng sd lao ddng, cd quy md
dan sd Irdn 4.000 ngudi, cd ca sd
ha ting phyc vy dan cu, mat do dan
sd phli hgp vdi lieu chuin cpiy
chuin loai dd tbi dugc quy dinh"
De dugc xac dinh dd thi phai dya trdn ba tidu chf co ban la quy md dan sd; chuc nang dd Ihj; khdng gian kid'n true va canh quan Mot
dd thi du lich cin phai cd lidm nang du lich va du lich ddng vai trd quan trgng trong boat dong du lich
Nd pbai cd dii cac dieu kien la tai nguydn du lich hap din trong ranh gidi dd thi hoac khu vyc lidn ke; cd
(.()• sd lia Ifinc: ca sd \;it chai k\
HO DLfC P H d C
Phd Chu tich UBND tinh Nghe An
thuat ddng bd, dap iing nhu ciu da dang ciia khach du ljch, cd co ciu lao ddng phu hgp vdi ydu ciu pbat trien du lich; nganh du ljch cd vj trf quan trgng trong co ciu kinh te, dat ty Id thu nhap tu du lich trdn tdng thu nhap cua nganh dich vy lbeo quy dinh ciia Chinh phii
Nbu vay, dd thj ddng vai trd nbu mot "khung xuong" ciia nen kinh te gdp phin thiic diy sy pbat trien kinh td' - xa hdi ciia dit nudc
Di dd thi du lich phat tridn cin
phai dau tu phat Iridn co sd ha tang, gdm ca ca sd ha ting ky Ihual va co sd ha ting xa hdi nhu:
loan bd cac cdng trinb giao thdng van tai, buu didn, thdng lin lidn lac
va cac dicb vy xa hdi nbu dudng
sa, kdnh muang din nude, cap thoat nudc, san bay, nba ga xe lua,
d Id, cang sdng, cang bid'n, co sd Il.ing liRiiig, lie llioiig dicn, ducing
K h i h t«' v a Dit btio So 14/2009
2 1
Trang 2NGHIEN ciru - TRAO DOI
dng din xang diu, din khf ga, bci
ddt, kho tang, giao thdng van tai,
CO sd giao due phd thdng v i
chuyen nghidp, y te, dich vy an
ud'ng cdng cdng, nghi ngoi, du
lich, vui choi, giai trf, rac thai mdi
trudng dd thj, nhim dap Qng nhU
ciu kinb td' - xa hdi cua cdng ddng
dan cu dd thi Ca sd ha ting dd thj
du ljch cd mdt sd dac diem la
thudc loai hang hoi cdng cdng,
dich vy cdng; mang sic thai vung
va lanh thd rd ret; cd thdi gian
kha'u hao dai; cd mat do cdng trinh
-du lich-dich vu (khich san, trung
tam thuong mai, ) cao, mang tfnh
he thd'ng va ddng bd Phat trien
nhanh co sd ha tang la mdt tit yd'u
khach quan nhim phit trien kinb
te - xa hdi cua dd thi, tao ddng luc
cho sy pbit trien kinh td' dat nudc
Thuc trang ciia co sd ha tang
dd thj du ljch va quan ly nha
nudc hien nay
Thyc tidn dd thi boa cua Viet
Nam cho thiy sy phat trien va tang
cudng cic dd tbi vua la nguydn
nhan, vua la kdi qua cua qui trinh
xay dyng co sd ha ting dd thi He
thdng CO sd ha ting dd tbi li mdt
mil xfch quan trgng trong gudng
may kinh td' - xa hdi dd thi, vi vay
phit trie'n co sd ha ting dd thi cd y
ngbia hdt sQc quan trgng ddi vdi
vide pbat tridn dd tbi Trong nhQng
nam qua thyc hidn dudng ldi ddi
mdi ciia Dang, dac bidt kinh td'nudc
ta ngay cang hdi nhap sau rdng vao
nen kinb te thd' gidi, co sd ha tang
mang tinh toan ciu mac dii vin do
cic dia phuong quan ly, bdi vi mud'n
pbat trien co sd ha ting chic chin
phai dya via thi trudng tai chinh,
cdng nghd, kinh nghidm quan ly, lao
dgng, thidt bi may mdc, chic chin
nhung thj trudng nay da mang tfnh
toan ciu Co sd ba tang cac dd thj
Viet Nam ndi chung va dd thi du
lich ndi ridng da dugc quan tam diu
tu ban, he thd'ng dudng giao thdng,
he thd'ng cip nudc, thoat nudc, didn
cdng nghd thdng tin, san bay, bd'n cang va cac co sd ha ting khac dugc xay dung tuong ddi khang trang, bd mat dd thi ddi mdi timg ngay Hidn nay ca nudc da cd 11 dd thj du lich dugc Thil tudng Chinh phii cdng nhan va cac dd thi niy phat trien nhanh chdng va dang giQ vi tri trung tam pbit trien cua nganh du lich Viet Nam
Tuy nhidn so vdi cac dd thi du ljch ciia thd' gidi v i khu vuc thi co
sd ha ting dd thi Viet Nam cdn thid'u hut, yd'u kem va lac hau Dan
so va phuang tidn phat trien nhanh trong khi ha ting giao thdng tang khdng ding ke dang la luc can cua qui trinh tang trudng Tinh trang ach tic giao thdng, ngap nudc, Iiy ldi, d nhidm mdi trudng thudng xay
ra, dudng dd thi nhd hep via he bi lin chid'm, xudng cip khdng dugc sua chQa kjp tbdi, cic tryc dudng chil yd'u la giao nhau ddng mQc, khdng cd he thd'ng ciu vugt, thid'u
he thd'ng cdng trinb ngim, dudng trdn khdng, mat do dudng phd thip dudi 4,5km/km2 trong khi ydu ciu dat ra la trdn 5% (thanh phd Vung Tau mat do 2,7km/km2, thanh phd
Ha Long mat do l,5km/km2) Dit danh cho giao thdng so vdi dit dd thj tha'p dudi 10% trong khi ydu ciu dat ra la 16% -26 % (tai Ha Ndi chi dat 7,06%) Dit danh cho giao thdng tTnh (bai dau xe, bai xe, ) ciia cic dd thi du lich qui thip dudi
1 % trong khi ydu cau la 3 % (Ha Ndi 0,5 %) He thd'ng cay xanh qua
ft, chua tao ra dugc nhung rQng sinh thai trong phd, chua xay dung dugc
dd thj xanh, mat do cdng trinh bd tdng boa vin d mQc cao He thdng cdng trinh ngihr boa nhu didn, didn thoai, cdng nghd thdng tin khdng nhieu He thd'ng thoat nudc thai thudng chung nhau vdi thoit nudc mua, he thd'ng cap nudc sach thid'u cdng suit, cdng trinh bai xu ly rac
v i cic CO sd ha tang khac cdn yd'u
va thie'u ddng bd Khach san cao
cip, trung tam tai chinh ngan hang, nha hang hidn dai, vin rit thieu Chinh ca sd ha tang ye'u kem da lam cham qua trinh phit trien kinh td' - xa hdi ciia dd thi va dit nudc Cdng tie quan ly nha nudc ve
CO sd ha ting dd thj, trong thdi gian qua cung da dat dugc mdt sd thanh tuu nhu cdng tic xay dung va quan
ly quy hoach cd nhidu tid'n bd hon trudc; quan ly du in xay dung va duy tu bao dudng ngay cang chat che ban, bd m i y quan ly dugc cung CO, nang luc quan ly cua can
bd dugc nang ldn, cdng tic thanh tra, kiem tra trong ITnh vuc co sd ha ting da dugc chu trgng Hidu luc quan ly nha nudc ngay cing tdt hon, nghidm ban va hidu qua hon
da thuc diy co sd ha ting dd thi phat trien va cac dd thj du ljch ngay cing van minh, hidn dai va phat tridn bdn vung Nhung so vdi ydu ciu dat ra vin chua dap Qng ydu ciu phat trien, cdng tac quy hoach chua ddng bd, thid'u tim nhin rdng ldn, lau dai, chua cd quy hoach tdng the cic dd thj du ljch Cdng tic quan ly diu thiu cac du
an diu tu thii tuc lap va phd duydt
dy an cdn rudm ra, bde Id nhieu yd'u kem Cdng tic ddn bu giai phdng mat bang cd nhidu vudng mac tQ chd' do chfnh sich dd'n trien kbai thyc hidn Kdt qua cdng tac thanh tra, kiem tra cdn rit thip so vdi ydu ciu, he thdng van ban phap luat cdn chdng cheo, thid'u hut, mdt
so van ban khdng phu hgfp vdi thuc tidn Vi vay, dd ca sd ha ting dd thj phit trien ben virng, cin phai thuc hidn mot so giai phip ve hoan thidn quan ly nha nudc ddi vdi ca sd ha ting dd thj du ljch
Phuo'ng hudng va giai phap
De phit trien dd thj du ljch trong thdi gian tdi, ddi bdi phai diy manh phit tridn ca sd ha ting nhim thu hut diu tu, tao da cho kinh td'
du ljch phat trid'n Cin tap trung phat tridn he thdng ha ting hidn
So 14/2009
Trang 3NGHIEN C(JU - TRAO DOI
dai, dudng giao thdng dat chuan ve
mat do, chit lugng, he thd'ng cdng
trinh ha ting dugc ngim boa, xay
dyng edng trinb ngim va cdng
trinh trdn khdng hidn dai, he thd'ng
cap nudc, he thd'ng thoat nudc thai,
didn cdng nghd thdng tin va cdng
trinh ba tang khac phai hidn dai,
ddng bd va tidn icb dip ung ydu
ciu pbat trien dd tbi Mud'n vay
phai tap trung hoan thidn quan ly
nba nudc, tap trung vao mgt so ndi
dung CO ban nhu chd' do chfnh sich
khuyd'n khicb xay dung va kbai
thac su dung cd hidu qua; td chQc
bd may quan ly; cdng tic thanh tra
kiem tra trong ITnh vuc co sd ha
ling; hoan thidn cdng tic quy
hoach; xay dyng van hoi dd thj va
van boa quan ly dd thj
De thuc hidn tdt phuang hudng
hoan thidn quan ly nha nudc trong
ITnh vuc CO sd ha ting dd thj cin
thue bidn ddng bd cac nhdm giai
phap nhu sau:
Thu nhd't, ddi mdi, bd sung dieu
chinh cac cdng cy vT md, tao co sd
phap ly nhim hoan thidn quan ly
nha nudc trong ITnh vyc co sd ha
ting cac dd tbi du ljch Trudc bet l i
cdng cy ke hoach hoi nhu chid'n
lugc, quy hoach, kd' hoach, chuong
trinh du an, cin xay dyng va phd
duydt quy hoach tdng thd phit tridn
dd thj du ljch dd'n nam 2020 Ra
soat lai nhiing quy hoach khdng phu
hgp de sua ddi bd sung kjp thdi Tap
trung xay dyng quy hoach dd thj,
chii trgng quy hoach giao thdng,
didn, cang, san bay va co sd ha ting
du ljch Tang cudng thyc lyc kinh td'
nha nudc tap trung diu tu cho ha
tang dd thj thidi yd'u nhu dudng giao
Ihdng, didn, thoat nudc, cip nude
Cin tang cudng thu hut diu tu cic
CO sd ha ting xa hdi nhu ngan hang,
tai chinh, thu ddi ngoai td, khach
san, nha nghi, trung tam thuang
mai, khu vui chai giai trf
Thif hai, tid'n hanh ra soat lai
cac luat phap, cac co chd' chfnh
I I n i i U i t < i M V V ^ lit
sach da cd, didu chinh bd sung, ddng thdi tid'p tuc ban hanh nhQng luat phap cdn thie'u trong ITnh vyc
CO sd ha ting Mgt so ndi dung d Luat Diu tu, Luat Dat dai, Luat Doanh nghidp, Luat Xay dyng khdng phu hgp thyc tidn can phai dugc dieu chinh bd sung kjp thdi
Cin cd CO chd' thdng thoang de tbu hut diu tu xay dung ca sd ha ting
dd thj chang ban sua theo budng
bd vide thoa thuan gia dat giQa nha diu tu va hd gia dinh de tao d i cho thu hiit diu tu; md rdng pham vi chl djnh thiu de trien kbai nhanh cdng trinh, tang cudng quan ly chit lugng cdng trinb de nang cao hidu qua su dung
Thif ha, xa hdi hoa va da dang
boa vide diu tu phat tridn ca sd ha ting dd thj du ljch nhim buy ddng tdi da mgi ngudn lyc de phat trien
dd thj Khuyd'n khfeh ap dyng cac hinh thQc thu hut vd'n de phat trien
CO sd ha ting nhu BOT, BT, BOO
va phuang thQc doanh nghidp bd vdn diu tu sau dd ban quyen su dyng cd thdi ban de thanh toan cho doanh nghidp da diu tu Thuc hidn phuang cham "nhi nudc va nhan dan cung lam" de thu hut ngudn lyc trong dan cu
Thir tu, tap trung van ddng
ngudn vdn ODA va FDI nhim pbat trien co sd ha ting dac bidt la
dudng giao thdng va cip thoat nudc Mudn vay phai td cbQc mdt nhdm chuydn mdn cd trinb do chuydn mdn va ngoai ngQ tdt, thao vide de tren khai thyc hidn van ddng va hoan chinh thu tuc diu tu nhanh hon
Thd ndm, ciing cd bd may quan
ly CO sd ba tang dd thj,dac bidt la phdng quan ly quy hoach dd thj, phdng kd' hoach diu tu, tii nguydn mdi trudng, phdng tai chfnh dii vd
so lugng, chit lugng can bd td't, thudng xuydn bdi dudng cap nhat kid'n thQc nhim dip ung ydu ciu
Ra soit kidn toan cac ban quan ly
dy an dii nang luc de quan ly tdt du
an, chd'ng thit thoat lang phi
Thu sdu, thinh lap ddi thanh tra
dd thj va ban banh quy chd' boat ddng nhim quan ly ca sd ha tang dd thj, tranh lin ehid'm dit dai lam nha trai phep, thit thoat trong xay dyng
Thu hay, tang cudng cdng tac
thanh tra, kidm tra va giam sat cua
CO quan chQc nang trong xay dung
CO sd ha ting dd thj nham chd'ng thit thoat, tham nhung trong xay dung CO ban
Thd tdm, tap trung diy manh cic
du an cd y nghTa qudc gia nhu dudng cao tdc, dudng sit cao tdc, san bay vung, cang du ljch de thu hut du khich qudc td'ngay cang nhidu •
K h i h t^ v a Dit b a o So 14/2009
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