SIMPLE PRESENT, PAST – HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN 2.. CONTINUOUS PRESENT, PAST – HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN 3.. PERFECT CONTINUOUS PRESENT/ PAST - HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN 5
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Trang 3If + S + V(HTĐ), S + V (HTĐ)
Chân lý, sự thật hiển nhiên
If you don’t eat, you are hungry
If + S + V(HTĐ), S + will/ can/ may +V-INF
Giả định điều CÓ THỂ XẢY RA ở HIỆN TẠI hoặc TƯƠNG LAI
If I meet him tomorrow, I will tell him about the truth
If + S + V(QKĐ), S + would/ could/ might +V-INF
Giả định điều TRÁI với sự việc ở HIỆN TẠI
If I were you, I would go to the dentist
(Lưu ý: trong MĐ IF, động từ tobe của chủ ngữ là she/ he/ I là “were”
If + S + had (not) + V3/ed, S + would/ could/ might + have
+ V3/ed
Giả định điều TRÁI với sự việc ở QUÁ KHỨ
If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have gone swimming
If + S + had (not) + V3/ed, S + would/ could/ might + V-INF
Nguyên nhân trong quá khứ dẫn tới kết quả ở hiện tại
(MĐ if: nguyên nhân, MĐ chính: kết quả - thường đi với NOW)
If it hadn’t got wet yesterday, we wouldn’t be sick now
Type
0
Type
1
Type
2
Type
3
mixed
Trang 4CÔNG THỨC CHUNG
1 SIMPLE (PRESENT, PAST) – HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
2 CONTINUOUS (PRESENT, PAST) – HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
3 PERFECT (PRESENT, PAST) – HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
PASSIVE: S + be + V3/ed + by O
PASSIVE: S + tobe + V3/ed + by O
E.g: 1 Mary studies English every day
English is studied by Mary every day
2 He wrote a letter yesterday
A letter was written yesterday
PASSIVE: S + tobe + being + V3/ed + by O
E.g: 1 He is planting some trees now
Some trees are being planted now
2 They were repairing their car at 9am yesterday
Their car was being repaired at 9am yesterday
PASSIVE: S + have/ has/ had + been + V3/ed + by O
E.g: 1 They have sent that money to the poor families
That money has been sent to the poor families
2 She has read those books for 3 times
Those books have been read for 3 times
3 Mr Trung had used the computer before he met you
The computer had been used by Mr Trung before he met you
Trang 54 PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PRESENT/ PAST) - HIỆN TẠI/ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN
5 MODAL VERBS (WILL, MUST, HAVE/HAS/HAD TO, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, SHALL, WOULD, CAN, COULD); TOBE GOING TO; USED TO
PASSIVE: S + have/ has/ had + been + being + V3/ed + by O
E.g: 1 John has been repairing this car for 2 hours
This car has been being repaired by John for 2 hours
2 I have been repairing my watches for more than 3 hours
My watches have been being repairing for more than 3 hours
3 I had been typing the essay for 2 hours before I went out with my friends
The essay had been being typed for 2 hours before I went out with my
friends
PASSIVE: S + modal verb/ tobe going to/ used to + be + V3/ed + by O
E.g: 1 All his friends will meet him at the airport tomorrow
He will be met at the airpot by all his friends tomorrow
2 She is going to send you the contracts tonight
You are going to be sent the contracts tonight
3 We must finish our homework before 9pm
Our homework must be finished before 9pm
4.He used to teach the children in that village
The children in that village used to be taught English
Trang 6WORDS/ PHRASES INDICATING CAUSES - EFFECTS
TỪ/ CỤM TỪ CHỈ NGUYÊN NHÂN- HẬU QUẢ
Trang 11REVIEW 1
Choose the letter A, B, C or D the word that has the underlined part different from others
2 A billboard B symbolize C icon D mudslide
3 A pollutant B contaminated C evacuate D waste
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others
2 A property B tsunami C hurricane D natural
3 A medical B emergency C official D pollution
4 A evacuate B temporary C technology D photography
5 A evacuation B poinsonous C archaeology D environmental
Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences
1 Air is causing many environmental problems in our cities today
A pollute B pollution C polluting D polluted
2 If you can speak English, you able to go to Canada
3.The road in front of my office is always when it rains heavily
A to flood B flooding C flood D flooded
4 Singapore is famous for its and green trees
A cleanliness B cleanly C cleaning D clean
5 After I in the room, she left
6 This is one of the worst volcanic in this year
A eruptio B erupt C erupting D eruptive
7 The roof of the building in a storm a few days ago
A has beendamaged B was damaged C has damaged D damaged
Trang 128 In some English speaking countries, turkey is food at Christmas
A national B historical C traditional D possible
9 The teachers show me how to the environment
10 The last typhoon resulted _ terrible loss of lives
11 English is the _ language of many countries such as the US, the UK, and Australia
A international B usual C popular D official
12 Poisonous _ from factories can kill a lot of wildlife animals
A things B animals C chemicals D nations
13 People in the flooded area have _ to a safer place
A evacuating B been evacuated C evacuated D evacuate
14 Would you mind opening the door?
A Yes, I would B No, I wouldn't C No, thanks D Not at all
15 When the policeman came to the scene, the driver of the car
A have left B had left C leaves D was left
Put the verbs in the blanket into the correct form
1 The pollution water results in the _ of many aquatic
animals and plants
(DIE)
2 My friend and I are going to give a presentation about our
problems
(ENVIRONMENT)
3 Both Chinese and English are languages in
Vietnam
(OFFICIAL)
4 People should become familiar with the guidelines for
because natural disasters can force them to leave their
homes
(EVACUATE)
5 Natural disasters can be very (DESTROY)
Read the passage and choose the correct answer
Ha Tinh is a disaster-prone province in the central of Viet Nam Since the beginning of
2015, this province has experienced three massive floods, causing devastating property damage The floods razed thousands of homes, damaged numerous irrigation works, roads, schools and healthcare centres Ms Nga Tran, a local resident, recalled the last flood,
“The flood in June was normal, but the one in September was awful Water from Ngan Pho
Trang 13River began to submerge the floor, while outside it was still raining heavily After a while the water was about one meter I had no choice but to climb up to the attic and stay there for two days.” Like many other residents, all of Ms Nga’s furniture was covered in mud, some was completely damaged for having been soaked in the water for too long But what worried her most was the loss of her rice crop Three months after the flood, lots of farmers still struggled with finding enough food to eat If there is no aid from the government, the situation in this province will get worse
1 What does disaster-prone mean?
A having no disasters B likely to have disasters C have very few disasters
2 What is NOT mentioned as consequences from the floods?
A loss of life B loss of property C loss of crop
3 When was the flood as recalled by Ms Nga Tran?
4 How long did Ms Nga Tran stay in her attic?
A for the whole week B two days C three months
5 What is the biggest worry of Ms Nga and other residents?
A lack of food B lack of accommodation C lack of aid
Choose the letter A, B, C or D to complete the passage below
Water pollution happens (1) toxic substances enter water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and so on, getting dissolved in them, lying suspended in the water or depositing on the bed This degrades the quality of water Not (2) does this spell disaster for aquatic ecosystems, the pollutants also seep through and reach the groundwater, which might end up in our households as contaminated water we use in our daily activities, including drinking
Water pollution can be (3) in a number of ways, one of the most polluting being city sewage and industrial waste discharge Indirect sources (4) water pollution include contaminants that enter the water supply from soils or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain Soils and groundwater contain (5) residue of human agricultural practices and also improperly disposed of industrial wastes
Pollutants can be of varying kinds: organic, inorganic, radioactive and so on In fact, the list
of possible water contaminants is just too vast to be listed here
1 A what B when C why D while
2 A both B only C well D either
3 A cause B caused C causing D causes
Trang 14Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning with the first one
1 Air pollution can cause breathing problems
Breathing _
2 Study hard or you won’t pass the exam
If
Write full sentences using the suggested words and phrases (1pt)
1 If/ I/ be/ you/ I/ buy/ that house
2 The last/ time/ he/ speak/ his father/ be/ two months ago
-THE END - REVIEW 2
I Choose the word that has underlined part pronounced differently from the rest
2 A flood B typhoon C kangaroo D foot
3 A parade B rage C earthquake D climate
4 A source B visit C castle D station
II Choose the word that has different stress pattern
1 A paradise B exhibit C invention D excursion
2 A medical B natural C kangaroo D visitor
3 A volcanic B refugee C contaminate D tsunami
4 A evacuate B emergency C biography D economic
5 A rescue B damage C collapse D illustrate
III Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence
1 Air pollution has many effects _ the environment and living organisms
2 The volcano has erupted approximately once every ten years _ 1970
3 After a severe storm, there is often _ along the shore that will need to be removed
Trang 154 In the 1980s, acid rain _ widespread damage to forests in the areas
A made of B resulted in C led for D caused by
5 _ plastic takes so long to break down, it pollutes the land and water
A Even though B While C Since D Because of
6 If I had the chance to take part in an International summer camp, I _ very excited
7 _ do earthquakes usually last? - Less than one minute
A How strong B How long C How often D How far
8 Niagara Falls is a great natural _ on the border of the USA and Canada
A castle B loch C spectacle D Symbol
9 The 2010 Haiti earthquake was the most _ natural disaster in the history of this country
A destructive B permanent C unique D awesome
10 “A hurricane is heading toward our home town.” - “ _”
A That’s a relief B How interesting! C Glad to hear D Oh my God!
11 The earthquake caused damage _ property estimated at $6 million
12 The _ picked up the car and threw it 100 meters into the air That’s an incredibly strong wind!
A volcanic eruption B tornado C landslide D typhoon
13 having two official languages, Canada has the third largest English-speaking population
A Despite B Because C Due to D Even though
14 The inhabitants of Scotland are called
A Scotlanders B Scotlish C Scots D Scotchs
15 The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen the burning of fossil fuels
A therefore B because C in spite of D due to
IV Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting
1 A heatwave can lead in widespread drought and increase the risk of wildfires
Trang 162 Homeless people may be offered temporary accomodation by the council
3 The Sydney Opera House is a symbolize for not only a City, but a whole country
and continent A B C D
4 Noise pollution is thought having less damage to humans than water or air pollution
A B C D
5 If people keep cutting down trees and they wipe out forests, there will be more floods
6 Have you come home before the tornado touched down this afternoon?
A B C D
7 The timetable shows that the next bus will leave in ten minutes
8 Since the volcano last erupted, many houses have built on its slopes
A B C D
9 Despite of their usefulness, pesticides could pose potential risks to food safety
10 If people didn’t use cars, there will be much less pollution
A B C D
V Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets
1 Alex (not do) the gardening before it started raining
2 The amount of plastic in the ocean (increase) if we (not take) action now
3 Outdoor air pollution (cause) more than 3 million deaths a year
4 There (be) more than 80,000 wildfires so far this year
5 What would you do if you (catch) in a hurricane’s path?
6 By the time Hurricane Gilbert (hit) Mexico it (change) characteristics
7 Heavy rains (lash) the coast of Orissa and Andhra Pradesh in 2013
8 In the early morning hours, tornado warnings (issue) for storms in Oklahoma
9 Water pollution makes aquatic plants and animals (die)
Trang 1710 Survivors said that many people managed (escape), but they could not run away fast enough
VI Supply the correct form of the words in brackets
1 A natural disaster can cause of life or property
damage
(LOSE)
2 Human greenhouse gas emissions are causing
warming
(GLOBE)
3 Kangaroos and koalas are only to Australia (NATION)
4 Hurricane Katrina was one of the hurricanes ever
to hit the United States
(DEAD)
5 Filters do not remove all from water (CONTAMINATE)
6 Freak tornado leaves trail of in its wake (DESTROY)
7 appeal to the government to enact laws to stop
factories from discharging toxic chemicals into the sea
(ENVIRONMENT)
8 Toxic pollution is contaminated water, soil, and air that is
(POISON)
9 Pollution kills more people than both war and (VIOLENT)
10 English is the most widely language worldwide,
with 1.5 billion speakers
(SPEAK)
11 It’s evidence that this ocean is clean and environmentally
(POLLUTE)
12 Diseases are primarily due to food and air (CONTAMINATE)
13 While some Chemicals may be harmless others can cause
(DAMAGE)
14 Life expectancy has gone down due to diseases
caused by air pollution
(DIE)
15 In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of
insecticides
(POISON)
16 Some scientists warn that light damages people
and animals
(POLLUTE)