Nghiên cứu tín hiệu ecg với giải pháp công nghệ asic sử dụng các linh kiện chủng loại fpga cho các ứng dụng truyền thông

Discrete Cosine Transform DDS Digital Data Service DFE Decision Feed-back Equalizer DFT Discrete Fourier Transform DMB Discrete Multi-Band DMT Discrete Multi'Fone DMS Discrete MultiScale

MUC LUC

1 Miic luc

2 Bang giai thich eac chu viet tat

3 Danh sach nhung nguai tham gia de tai

4 Danh muc cac bieu bang so lieu

5 Tom tat cac ket qua nghien euu chinh

6 BAO CAO TONG KET

6.1 Dat van de

6.2 Tong quan

6.3 Muc tieu va ngi dung nghien euu

6.4 Dia diem va thai gian nghien euu

6.5 Ket qua

6.6 Thao luan

6.7 Ket luan kien ngbi

6.8 Tai lieu tham khao

7 PHU LUC

7.1 T6m tat de tai nghien ctru khoa hoc (T.Viet)

7.2 Tom tat de tai nghien euu khoa hoe { l.Anh)

7.1 Fhiet ke tren FPGA de loai on eho tin hieu

ECG nha bien doi song eon 7.2 Bia luan van tot nghiep bac dai hoc ve

FPGA 7.3 De cuang da duge phe duvet

7.4 Hop dong duge thuc hien

7.5 Tom tat ket qua nghien euu

7.6 Phieu dang ki ket qua nghien euu

2 BANG GIAI THIGH CAC TlT VIET TAT

AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise

BER Bit Error Rate

CBl Cross Band Interference

CSA Carrier Serving Area

DC Direct Current

DC! Discrete Cosine Transform

DDS Digital Data Service

DFE Decision Feed-back Equalizer

DFT Discrete Fourier Transform

DMB Discrete Multi-Band

DMT Discrete Multi'Fone

DMS Discrete MultiScale

DSP Digital Signal Processing

DVVMT Discrete Wavelet Multitone

Transform

DVVr Discrete Wavelet Transform

FDM l-requencN Division Multiplexing

YVi Fast Fourier Transform

FIR Finite Impulse Response

FPGA Field Programable Gate Array

FWT i-ast Wavelet Transform

Nhieu Gauss, trang cgng tinh

Ty le bit loi Nhieu giua cac bang Vung phue vu song mang Dong dien mot chieu Bien doi Cosin roi rac Dich \ u dCr lieu so

Bg can bang phan hoi qu>'et dinh Phep bien doi Fourier rai rac

Da bang rai rac

Da am rai rac

Da phan giai roi rac

Xu ly tin hieu so Bien doi da song con rai rae

Phep bien dot song con roi rac

Hop kenh phan chia thco tan so Phep bien doi fourier nlianh

Bg Igc dap ung xung hirti ban

Ma tran cong kha lap trmh Phep bien doi song con nhanh

HPF High-pass Filter

IBI Inter-Band Interference

ICI Inter-CaiTier Interference

IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform

IDWMT Inverse Discrete Wavelet Muhitone

Transform

IDWF Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers

IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

ISl InterSymbol Interference

LMSE Least Mean Squared Error

LPF Low-Pass Filter

MCM Multi-Carrier Modulation

MFB Matched-Filter Bound

MRA Multi-Resolution Approximated

MRSE Mean Redundacy Squared Error

MMSE Minimum Mean Squared Error

MSSNR Maximum Shortening

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

PDF Probability Densitv Function

PSD Power Spectrum Density

SDE Scale Domain Equalizer

SNR Signal to Noise Ratio

STFT Space Time Frequency Transform

Mach Igc thong cao Nhieu trong bang Nhieu giu'a cac song mang Phep bien doi Fourier rai rac ngirge Phep bien doi da song con roi rac ngugc

Phep bien doi ngugc song con roi rac Vien Ky thuat Dicn va Dien tu

Phep bien doi ngugc eua phep bien doi Fourier nhanli

Nhieu giua cac ki hieu Sai so binh phirang trung binh toi thieu

Mach Igc thong tbap Dieu che da song mang Bien bg Igc hoa hgp Gan dicing da phan giai Loi binh phuang con dir trung binli Loi binh phuang trung binh toi thieu

Lam ngan lai toi da t\ so tin hieu v:cn

on Ham mat do xac xucit

Mat do pho ce^ng suat

Bg can bang mien phan giai T\ so cong biuii tin hicu U'cn iihicu Bien doi viine iho'i eian tan so

3 DANH SACH N H L T N G NGlTOI THAiM GIA THL C HIEN DE TAI

a Chu tri de tai : Ths Nguyen Quoc Tuan

Bg mon He thong Vien thong Khoa Dien tir Vien thong

Trirane Dai hoc Cone nehe - Dai hoc Quoc eta I ia no\

b Cac can bo tham gia

1 Tran Quang Dat

2 Mau van Phuo'ng

3 Biii Trung Ninh

4 Iran Thanh I lai

Ths Truang Dai bgc Cong nghe FIgc vien Cao bgc Truang Dai hgc Cong nghe FIgc vien Cao hgc Fruang Dai bgc Cong nghe

Cu nhan Truane Dai hoc Cone nehe

4 DANH MUC CAC BANG SO LIEU, HINH VE

Hinh 1: Tom tat luu do thiet ke VHDL Trang 10 Hinh 2: Sa do ngiiyen ly mach do tin hieu ECG Trang 11 Hinh 3: So do mach do tin hieu ECG Trang 12 Hinh 4: Sa do Ichoi he xu li tin hieu ECG Trang 13 Hinli 5: Mach chi tiet loai on tren DWT Trang 14

5 TOM TAT CAC KET QUA NGHIEN CUU CHINH C I A DE TAI

Ten de tai: Nghien eim tin hieu ECG vai giai phap cong nghe ASIC sir dung

cac linh kien chiing loai FPGA

Chu tri de tai: ThS Nguyen Quoc Tuan - Khoa DTVT

Ma so de tai: QC.07.12

Muc tieu nghien euu:

- Nghien ciru tai lieu, thu thap tim hieu bo sung ve FPGA

Tao ra san pham mau cong nghe Xilinx su dung FPGA

Noi dung nghien ciiu:

Nghien euu ngon ngir thiet ke VHDL:

-H Lam chu ve phan mem thiet ke FPGA

+ Xay dung cac mach bien doi s6ng con

Phuong phap nghien ciiu

- Nghien euu pham mem thiet ke ISE Foundation 8.0 cua hang Xilinx

Nghien euu ung dung xu ly thong tin (dien tu xu ly so )

Ni^hien ciai cons neibe FPGA

Ket qua nghien ciiu:

San pham khoa hgc:

T 01 bai bao dang tai tap chi Khoa hgc va Cong nghe DHQGHN

San pham cong nghe:

+ 01 san pham cong nghe su dung cong nghe Xilinx

San pham dao tao:

+ 01 kJioa luan tot nghiep dai hgc

Hieu qua kinh te \ a kha nang ap dung thuc te:

^ Cho cac do dac \ a thu thap cac tin hieu y sinh

-1- Cho cac thiet bi dien tu chu\en duns

6 BAO C A O T O N G K E T

6.1 Dat van de :

1 u nira cuoi the ky 20 eho den nay, tat ca cac cong nghe da phat trien manh nie lam tang cuang sue manh cua xa hoi Hau bet cac phat trien quan trgng nay ngoai cac dac trung cua tung Imh vuc deu dua vao nhirng phat tnen cua Cong nghe Thong tin v a dien tir truyen thong, gom ca phan cimg, phan mem va cac thuat toan lien quan Soi

chi do noi ket cac thanh phan nay chinh la khai niem tich hgp thong minh: cac du lieu

duge sap dat phan tich va bai toan duge giai quyet vai nhung phuang phap su' dune tri tue nhan tao

Ve phan mem chung ta co cac khai niem quan trgng nhu xir ly ttr thicli nehi thong minh nhan tao phan mem nhung Ve phan cung, do tich hgp cac vi mach cane ngay cang cao, cac bg xu ly cang ngay cang manh \'a nhat la cong nghe san xuat bg nha nga)' cang tra nen tinh vi

Hien nay chung ta c6 the sir dung may tinh ca nhan cac bg vi xu ly tin hicti so (DSP) va cac bg phat trien phan cirng sir dung cong nghe FPGA de giai quyet mot \'an

de Neu cbi su dung may tinh de giai quyet thi thiet bi rat cong kenh va gia thanh cao

Co nhCrng ap dung bai bue}c phai xu dung cac bg vi xu ly DSP de eo gia ihanh thap \a ggn nhe ho'n Tu}' nhien trong truang hgp nay chung ta can thiet ke cac giao dien de lien ket \'ai cac thiet bi khac nham hgp thanh mot he thong thich hgp Cuoi cting ncu muon mot thiet ke dac biet de kiem chirng chat lugng va tinh kha thi cua mgi giai phap, chung ta c6 the dimg cong nghe FPGA cho phep chung ta thiel ke va \a\ dirne cac mach xu ly c6 chue nang nhu mong muon Dau tu cho phan ctrng va phan mem FPGA khong qua dat cac chip FPGA lap trinh lai duge sir dung duge nhieu Ian, \'i va\v cong cu FPGA rat thich hgp voi biroe dau tien trong chucmg trinh dao tao thicl kc

6.2 Tong quan cac van de nghien ciiu

a) FPGA

Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) la vi mach dung cau true mang phan tu

logic ma nguai diing eo the lap trinh duge (ChuJ^eld a day muon chi den klrci nang tai

lap trinli "ben ngoai'' ciia nguai su dung, Idiong phu thugc vao da} chu\cn ^an xuai phue tap ciia nha may ban dan) Vi mach FPGA duge cau thanh tu cac bg phan:

• Cac khoi logic ca ban lap trinh duge (logic block)

• Fie thong mach lien ket lap trinh duge

• Khoi vao/ra [10 Pads)

Phan tu thiet ke san khac nhu DSP slice, RAM ROM nhan vi xu ly

FPGA eung duge xem nhir mot loai vi mach ban dan chu\en dung -\SIC nhu'ne neu so sanh FPGA vai nhung ASIC dac che hoan toan hay ASIC thiel ke tren thir v ien logic thi FPGA khong dat duge muc do toi uu nhu nhCrng loai na_\ va han che uvuig

kha nang thuc bien nJiung lac vu dac biet phue tap tu)' \ay FPGA iru viet hon a cho

CO the tai cau true lai kbi dang sir dung, cong doan thiet ke don gian do va\ chi phi giam, rut ngan thai gian dua san pham vao sir dung

Con neu so sanh \'ai cac dang vi mach ban dan lap trinh duge dung cau trhc mang phan tir logic nhu PAL CPLD thi FPGA uu \ iet ban cac diem: tac vu tai lap Irinh cua fPGA thuc hien don gian ban: kha nang lap trinh linh dgng ban: khac biel quan tri^ng nhat la kien true cua FPG.V cho phep no eo kha nang chira khoi lugng leVn cone logic

(logic gate), so voi cac vi mach ban dan lap trinJi duge eo truac no

Thiet ke hay lap trinh cho FPGA duge thuc hien chu yeu bang cac ngon wdu mo ta

phan ctrng HDL nhu VHDL, Verilog .AHDL cac hang san xuat IPCiA Ion nhu' Xilinx Altera thuo'ng cung cap cac goi phan mem va thiel hi phu ira cho vjua tnnh thiet ke: cung c6 mot so cac hang thu ba cung cap cac goi phan mem kieu na\ niur S\nops>s, S\nplif\ Cac goi phan mem na\ c6 kha nang thuc hien tat ca cac btioe cua loan bg quy trinh thiet ke IC chuan \'ai dau vao la ma thiet ke tren HDL (con ggi la

ma RTL)

Kien true mai cua FPGA cho phep tinh hgp so krgng tiroug doi Ian cac phan tu ban dan vao 1 vi mach so vo'i kien true truac do la CPLD FPG.A co kha nane chua Un tu'

100.000 dSn hang vai ty cong logic, trong khi CPLD chi chua tir 10.000 den lOU.Oou cone loeic; con so nav doi vai PAL PEA con thap ban nira chi dat vai nehin de^n 10.000

• CPLD duge cau true tu so lugng nhat dinh cac Ichoi SPED [Simple

programcible devices, thuat ngir chung chi PAL PEA) SPLD thuang la mot

mang logic AND/OR lap trinh duge co kich thirae xac dinh va chua mot so

lugng han che cac phan tir nha dong bg (clocked register) Cau true na\ han che

kha nang thuc hien nhu'ng ham phtre tap va thong thtrang hieu suai lam viee cua

vi mach phu thugc vao cau true cu the cua vi mach ban la vao \'eu cau bai toan

• Kien true cua FPGA la kien true mang cac khoi logic kJioi logic, nho ban nhieu

neu dem so sanh vai mot khoi SPLD, uu diem nay giup FPGA co the chua

nhieu ban cac phan tir logic va phat huy toi da kha nang lap trinh cua cac phan

tu logic va he thong mach ket noi de dat duge muc dich nay thi kien true cua FPGA phue tap ban nJiieu so vai CPLD

Mot diem khac biel vai CPLD la trong nhCrng FPGA hien dai duge tich hgp nhieu nliCrng bg logic so bgc da so' bg toi uu boa ho trg I^-\M ROM toe do cao bay cac bg

nhan cong (mullication and acciimiikttion MAC), thuat ngCr tieng Anh la DSP slice

dung cho nhirng ung dung xu ly tin hieu so DSP Ngoai kha nang tai cau true \ i mach toan cue mot so FPGA hien dai eon ho trg tai cau true cue bo arc la kha nane lai cau true mot bg phan rieng le Irong khi van dam bao boat eigng bmh thuang cho cae ho phan khac

Lfng dung cua FPGA bao gom: xu ly tin hieu so DSP, cac he thong hang khong vu

Iru quoc phong tien thiet ke mau ASIC (ASIC prototvping) cac he llione elieu khicn

true quan, phan tich nhan dang anh, nhan dang tieng noi, mat ma hgc, mo hinh phan cij'ng may tiiili

Do tinh linh dgng cao trong qua trinh thiet ke cho phep FPGA giai qu\ et lo'p nhCrne

bai toan phiie tap ma truoe kia ebi thirc hien nho phan mem ma\" tmb ngoai ra nho' mat do cong logic Ion FPGA duge ung dung eho nhCrng bai loan doi hoi khui luoive tinh toan Ian \'a dune trone cac he thone lam \aec theo tho'i eian ihirc

b) VHDL

VHDL la ngon ngir mieu ta phan cirng (VHSIC HardM-are Description

Language) VHDL mieu ta boat dgng cua mach hay he thong dien tu de eo diroe mach

hay he thong dien tu thuc VHDL duge ung dung cho bai thiet bi logic lap trinh dtrge

la CPLD (Thiet bj logic lap trinh duge) va FPGA (cau true mang phan tu logic nta nguai dimg co the lap trinh duge)

Mot trong cac tien ich chinh cua VFIDL la no cho phep to hgp mot mach dicn hay mot he thong vao trong mot thiet bi lap trinh duge Moi mgi khi v iei code \ 1IDL

no CO the duge dung hoac de tao ra "mach dien^' cho ben Irong mot thiel bi co the lap trinli duge (cua Xillinx hay Altera Atmel ) hoac eo the duge e1e trinh de cung cap cho nha ma}' che tao chip ASIC

Khac vai cac chuong trinli eho may tinh chi co the van hanh mot each trinh tu VFIDL duge coi la '"ma-code'" vi no cho phep van hanh song song Chi cae trang thai cua VHDL duge dai ben trong mot PROCESS, FbrN'CTlOX nay PRnLFDLRb la diroe van hanh trinli ttr

c) Mach do tin hieu ECG tipcng tiF

Tin hieu ECG la rat yeu va khong ro rang, dien ap chenh lech giCra 2 Llicn circ phia tay trai va phia lay phai ca l-3mV va tan so cua cac tin hieu ECG nam trong khoang giua 0.02Hz eho tai 150Hz Chat lugng ciia cac sensor cam nhan tin hieu LLC; tiiv thuoc vao bang thong cua no Cac sensor ECG tren thi truang eia re co bane thone tai 30FIz

Do vay mach do tin hieu ECG Analog thuang la mach khm'ech dai tan so rat thap tu dgng hieu chinh diem zero, mach Igc thong thap, mach Igc thong cao va mach Igc Notch Duge gep noi vai may tinh de thu thap va chi thi cae tin hieu ECG So do ngu}en Iv cua mot mach do tin hieu ECG duge 1116 la diroi day:

Nhirgc diem chinh cua mach do tin hieu ECG luong tu la kho gia cone ( xu li i tin hieu tuang tu duge do do chat lugng tin hieu FCG analog khong cao 1 in IUCLI ECCJ khi duge thu nhan bai may tinh co the duge xir li so nhirne thier hi cone kenh tieu thu nane luoue Ion va eia thanh rat cao

Hinli 2 So- do nguven iv macii do tin ineii EC '(.i

Mach do tin hieu ECG gep noi vai ma}' tinh de thu thap so lieu FCC.i \a \u' li co

so do mach in (PCB) duoc chi ra trone hinli ducu da\- :

//

ITnli 3: So' do mach do tin iiicu ECG

d) Xi> li s6 tin hieu ECG diFa tren song con

Mot trong cac giai phap doi mai cong nghe, nang cao chat lugng tin hieu FCG

thiet bi thu nho va gia thanh ha la : so hoa tin hieu ECG vd xir li tin hieu so ECG dira tren EPGADSP Tin hieu ECG cung nhu cac tin hieu } sinh khac can phai giai quvct

eac van de chu }eu sau:

Loai on Khoi phue dang tin hieu ngu} en goc Nhan dang tin hieu (niu)

Da CO nhieu giai phap khac nhau de giai quvel cac van de nay I rong khuon kho cua de tai, chung toi chi dat van de xu li on cua tin hieu ECG NhCrng nam gan da\', cung \'ai sir phai trien cua khoa hgc va cong nehe cac ki thuat xir li tin Incu \ sinh (dien tam do dien nao do ) da ap dung cac kl thuat bien dai nhu:

- Loai nhieu theo ngiro'ng sau khi thuc hien bien doi song con rai rac (DVV'l )

- Sir dung cac giai thuat cho Igc so nhu: 'fha}' doi bac thuat toan LMS RLS ilico huoiie thav eloi kich thuoe buoc thich nehi

cr - • '

KT thuat loai nhieu thong qua ngirong sau khi thuc bien DWT ngay nav da v a dang phat trien manh vi ki thuat na}" eo uu diem la do phire tap \'ira phai chap nhan

duoe kha nane loai on cao

\ ' c nguvcn tac me)t tin hieu bat ki co the duge phan lieh ihco eac ham -^OUL: ^K^W

va cac ham phan giai thco bicu thuc:

Nhieu ciia tin hieu ECG duge thuc hien loai bo bang each: ^au Idu bien doi song eon ro'i rac (DWT) tin hieu FCG da duge so boa de co etuoe cac he so c/

chung ta thuc hien co/gian cae he so d ^^ dua theo ngirang da dirge xac dinh (iia tri

eua netrong £' duoc tinh loan khi xir li tin hieu ECG dua tren SNR \a M tri c:ic b:'tnL con khi phan tich tin hieu ECG Chimg toi da sir dung giai phap ngu'ong thich nehi theo time bane con Khi do:

i are rain ' a

i-Tmh 4 So do khoi he xir ii tin Ineii ECG

De kiem tra giai thuat va he thong, chimg toi da sir dung ca so' dCr lieu tin hieu

ECG hUT-BIEI tai dia chi mang http:/'vvww.phvsione-t.org va ciie tin hieu chune toi

thu nhan duoe Cac tin hieu nav' dtrge iron \ai cac nhieu phan bo Gausian khong uro'ng quan de xu li so sanh kiem tra

e) Mo phong thiet ke tren FPGA

FPGA da su dung la Xillix'^^ ISE phien ban 8.0 System Generator tao eac khoi ham

mo phong FPGA theo SIMULINK cua MatLab va \ i the viec thiet ke la kha tnuan Igi

va tin cay

Ciic ma VHDL duge tao ra tu dgng khi su dung S\steni Generator de dich cae tep SIMULINK (.mdl) con Xillinx ISE to hgp de nap \ao kit X'irtecTI Pro XC2\'P30 Bang I cho thay cae yeu cau cong chi tiet Long so cong duge dimg la hoii lOlJUk cong Tan so nhip FPGA toi da la lOOMHz Gia thanh cua kit FPGA nit thap (gia Virtecdl Pro == 300 USD ) Mot mach dirge thiet ke de loai on duge chi ra trone hinh

iTmli 5 \Licii chi liet de loai on dun tren DWT

Ban\i / Yeu can cono EPGA cho thiet ke much loai on

So Slice cho [,ogic

So Slice cho Flip-Flop '

So LIJTs du'O'c diing ;

So BRAMs 1 S6 lOBs

422 ] 50^ !

225

4

36

Trong so' do thiet ke chiing toi sir dting teVi 3 bo nho dem trong khi bo nh(V eteni

dau ticn Uru trCr cae mau loi vao de thuc hien bien doi DWT eua khoi ihu' in- I) dCr lieu

/ /

loi vao thi bg nha dem thii hai chira cac du lieu ciia Idioi thir n duge xu li Bg nho dem thir 3 chii'a khoi dir lieu thu n loi ra da duge khoi phue nha bien doi IDW F kich thtroe

cua bg nha dem thu nhat va thir ba co kich thuac N=1024 chtra so mau tin hicu FCd

ciia mot khoi loi vao Con bg nha dem thir hai co kich thuac (K8)xN = 921 b (voi do

phan giai7^5) chira ca dir lieu truac va sau klii xu li Nho cua bo dem thu hai ma phep

xu li thuc hien dong thai, chong lap theo thai gian do do thai gian tre do xtr li duge giam xuong

Neu thai gian bien doi DWT cho 1024 mau vai tan so mau 200H/ la khcvang 5.1 giav thi he thone xir li trinli tu eo thai t'ian tre khoane (5.1 ^5,1) i-l ^ 1 1.2 eiav, l)av

-la thai gian tre dii Ian cho viee kiem tra tin hieu ECG cho benh nhan trong ihai gian thi^rc Neu he xu li chong lap (song song) 4.1 giiiy thoi gian bien doi DW F va IDW I thi tho'i gian tre giam xuong con khoang - 2.6 giay Khoang thai gian na}' du de dieh ehuyen chu ki nhip tin hieu ECG vao bg dem loi vao thir nhat ha} bg dem loi ra thir ba

va cho phep chi thi tren man hinh tin hieu ECG

FPGA la he thong co kha nang tinh loan so hgc va giai tich thiip nhirng mgi he thong IT'GA dua tren khoi xu li tin hieu so (DSP) se cho phep giai cac bai toan xtr li phue tap Fie ihong DSP tuan tu sau klioang thoi gian 2.6 giay nhan dCr lieu tai bo dem thir 2 eua FPGA de xu li, sau 100 miligia} tra lai ket qua va nang cap dCr lieu tai bg dem thir hai nay va khoi dgng viec khoi phue tin hieu

6.3 Muc tieu vii Noi dung nghien ciiu ciia De tai

• iVIuc tieu nghien ci'ni

^ Nghien ciru tai lieu, thu thap tim hieu bo sung them vc FPGA

^ Fao ra san pham mau cong nghe Xilinx su dicing FPGA

• Noi dung nghien euu

+ Nghien ciru ngon ngu thiet ke VHDL

Lam chii ve phan mem thiet ke FPGA

Xay dung cac mach bien doi song con loai on

6.4 Dja diem, thoi gian vii phuong phap nghien ciiu

• De tai duge thuc hien tai khoa Dien tir - Vien thong, truang Dai hoc Cone, nehe

, DHQG Ha ngi trong hai nam 2006 • 2007

• Phu'omg phap nghien ciru :

• Nghien eiru phan mem thiet ke.' ISL: Foundation 8.0 cua hang Xilinx:

IS

• Nghien ciru ii'ng dung xu ly thong tin (dien tu xu ly so ) dua tren cong nghe FPGA

Ky thuat sir dung:

o Su dung cong nghe ASIC (Chung loai linh kien EPGA) de thuc hien chue nang xu ly tao giao dien va dieu khien cho he thong I 'lec diing linh kien ASIC vao trong thiet ke nay sH co cac uu diem:

T- Bao mat thiet ke cao

•^ Dam bao tinh ke thii'a

o Kit FPGA Virtex 11 Pro XC2VP30 (Xillinx) v a DE2 (Altera)

o Phan mem : Xillix ' ISE phien ban 8.0 va System Generator cua du an SIS

6.5 Ket qua nghien ciru (gom cac phan)

San pham khoa hgc

• San pham cong nghe mem sir dung cong nghe Xilinx

• 01 bao cao dang tren tap chi Khoa bgc va Cong nghe Dai hoc Quoc gia

- San pham dao tao

• 1 luan an dai hgc cac van de lien quan

Hieu qua kinh te va kha nang ap dung thuc te :

• Cho eac do dac \ a thu thap cae tin hieu } sinh

• Cho eac thiet hi dien tu ehuyen dung

6.6 Thao luan

Ket qua thu duge trong khi thuc hien de tai da hoan thanh dirge ciic ngi dung co' ban da dat ra khi dang ki de tai Dac biet da dua ra mot ket qua moi la irng dung thiei

ke mach loai on dua tren song con tren kit FPGA Day la ket qua Ian dau tien duge

thu'c hien thanh cong tai Vietnam vii tren the giai Bao cao duge innh bav tren tap chi Khoa hgc va Cong nghe Dai hgc Quoc gia 2008 va se bao cao tai hoi nghi (^)uoe te vc

Xu h' thone tin vii Sensor trone nam idi

16

6.7 Ket luan va kien nghj

Tiep tue tim kiem cac giai phap cong nghe irng dung xu li thong tm xtr li so tin hieu tren cac chung loai FPGA va ASIC trone truven thone

6.8 Tai lieu tham khao

[1] D L Donoho, "De-noising by soft-thresholding." IEEE Tratis Inform Thenrv

vol 41, pp 613-627, 1995

[2] Ju-won Lee, Gun-ki Lee Design of an Adaptive filter with a D}namic Structure

for ECG Signal processing International /ourfwil of Control Automation, and System

Vol 3 No l p 137-142 March 2005

(31 Li Su and G u o h a n g Zhao " De-Noising of ECG Signal Using

Translation-Invariant Wavelet De-Noising Method with Improved Thresholding " Proceedings of the 2005 IEE2E Engineering in Medicine and Bi()log\- 2^th -Ininuil ('onfercncc Shanghai^ China, September 1-4, 2005

[4] G Song and R Zhao '''Fhree novel models of threshold estimatiM- i'ov wavclcl

coefficients " 2nd International Conference on IVavelet Anafvsr^ and It.s Api)tieati(m.\

DAI HOC QUOC G'A ^ A NOI

TRUNG TAM THONG TIN THU ViEN

Dai bao Uuyc dan'j irony Tup du hluxt hoc vu Cong ni^h<j DtlOG l!d ngi

THIET K£ TREN FPGA OE LOAI ON CHO TJN HIEU ECG

NHQ BIEN DOI SONG CON

Design of FPGA Hardware for ECG signal De-noising

by Wavelet Transform

Nguyen Q u o c I uiin rrfin Quiinti l):it

Truviig Dai hoc Cong nghe - Dai iiot UUOL gui ila nm

A/)stract: I he elearocardiogram (ECG) signal may chenh lech giu'a 2 dien cu'c phia lay trai \ a pliia mix various kinds of noi.ses wiule gatiiering and tav phai CO l-3mV va tan ^6 eua cae ini hicu recording Some algontimis based on ^mvelel ^QQ ,^^,^^ ^,-oj^,_, \;^\^o-dng ^iLra 0.02Hz cho toi

ECG signals In order to suppress Pseuao-Gibhs

phenomena m O and S wares and design of Field

Programmable Gale Array (FPGA) hardware for de

hieu ECG tuy thuoc vao bang thong cua no C\ie sensor ECG Iren ihi truang gia re co bang thong

noising ECG signal, in dns paper, a new ECG de- ^O'' 30Hz Con cac sensor ECG chuven dung cua noising scheme is propo^sed using discrete wavelei ^ac phong cap cirii CO bang thong loi I KFl/ Vo'i transjorm (DWT) iias been devecloped based on a pho tan SO do va tin hieu ECCi rat veu nlur \a> ihi model nf liie active auditory system besides by no rat de bi can nhieu bai cac on khac, do vay optimizing the OH i parameters parallel to modifying triet on mot each hieu qua la van de quan trong die new tivesold value, one can handle ECG de- trong viec phan lach tin hieu ECG

noising with results comparing to those oj wavelet

tramjorm h-elunUwy le.sis of DWT applicalion W y^^ ^^^-^.^^ ^^,^^ ^Q ^^,,^ „,- ^, (^^,.^,.^, ^,^,^, ECG de-noising were constructed on the signals Mil- t - • r • j • n • / ^ ^ w • • r

r , , , , , , plian tach cac danu soni^ P soim ORS \ a soivj 1 BiH database ; , " , " ", • , - ",

CO dien truoc day thu'O'ng s a dung cac ho loc

^ ' ^y , -, - -,.' /r-z-AM • ,1 - k- • t a a n e t a bant^ cao, bo loc banu thap va bo loc lorn tat: im iiieu ciien tam do (TCCi) co t/ie bi trou ^ , & • - - r I6n vol lal niueu loai On idii do va tim thap du lieu ^'^^^'^ •• ^^^'^ ^'^^^P '^^' ^"- ^^' '' "'" '^'^''^ ^''^ ''"^"'^

\l{u vai giai ihiidi diai tren iven doi song con c1a c1m/c •"'^''i' *^kroc de \ual btri Bernai-J VV \L\\O\\ \ a pilot irieu de loai on eac tin hieu ECG Nham de loai Samuel D Stearns da d a a Ihih vuc \ u \\ lin hieu

bo iuen tuong PseudO'Gibbs vai cae dang song O S y sinh sang hu'ang moi Ban dau \\'idrov\ tap khi bien dot song con roi rac (DWT) va thiet ke mach trung vao viec loc cac nhieu 50M/ - 601 i/ tuong tren day cong idia lap trinh I FPGA) de loai on tin hieu u'ng vai tan s6 ngu6n dien lirai thanh pho va dat ECG trong bat bao nay mot kieu loai du kiidc dupe j-a cac tieu chi chinh cho xa li lin hieu v sinh la: dua ro dua tren DWT theo mo iunh cua he thong ,^^ ^j^j|^,_ ,^^,^ j ^ , ^ ^ ^^^^^ ^^,^^^ ^,.,,^, ^.^ 'j^,^ ^,^^.^,^

Cac lieu chi nav' la ve^ cung quan trong cho cae bac sT tron^ chuan doan lam san^i va cho cac he

ihinh gic'ic Cac tluuu so DW'T duoc thay doi de loi iru

hod gia tri ngirong va ket qua loai on duoc so scinii

giua cac phep bien dot son-e, con Cac dfr iieii iiu hieu

"EGG suduugde kiem tra ung dung DWT loai 6n duo ^^^^^'^^ ^r dong chuan doan benh au nay Nhung lai lu CO s" ilulieu \iiT-Blil '^^'"'"' ^'^^1 day cung voi sa phat tnen cua khoa hoe

va cong nghe, cac \C\ thuat \ a li tin hicu \ iinii

I GIO'I T H I E U (dien tam do dien nao do ,) da ap dung cae ki

thuat hien dai nha:

Tin hieu dien lam lam do (ECG) la mot Irong - Loat nhieu theo n g a a n g sau khi thuc hien

cac tin hieu y sinh da diroc nghien cii'u rong rai bien doi song con roi rac ([)\V1 )

va img dung Imng cac phong kham Mot dang _ ^^,, ^j^,,^^ ^^^ ,,.^, j , ^ ^ , ^ , ^j^^^ |,,^ ^^, ,,,^^, ; ;.^^,._

souii ECG thone t h a a n e thiriTne la sir X6 hop cua + - u- ,i % - ^ i s i^' ui ^ ,i i ,i '

^ t ^ =r K ^-|Q, ]Q.^^ thuat toan t A l S KL.S tlieo h a o t u soiiii F ^-one^ Q R S va soim I (Fiinh I) S a phan , - • , ' , , " , - , ,

ihia*- ,^ , , , ^ ihia*- ihia*- , ^ ihia*- ihia*- ,, : do! kich tluroc biroc thich neiii,

tach chmh xac cac dang song nav la rat quan

trong khi phan tich tin hieu ECG Tuy nhien do ' >Jh^n dang tm lucu mu de tach tin hicu tin hieu ECG la rat yeu va khong ro rang, dien ap FECG

i-iinli I Cac lliain so cinnii cua tin hieu dien in

nam 1999 |2| va dagc ap dung cho loai on cae uii hieu ECG 13 SI

Tin hieu ECG chaa on ngau niaen khêng taong quan vd'i do dai hfru han ^o the ^!uoe bic.;

dien

s{i) = x{[) + n{t) ( 1 ) trong do xft) la lin hieu ECG nguven goc khong

CO nhieụ nft) la on trang Gassian co trung binh zero va plurong sai ậ

Cac he so song con tai cac dp phan giai khac nhau CO the nhan dux^c bang each lay DWT cua

tin hieu ECG c6 on Tin hieu ECG diri^c bien doi

sonu con roi rac {'DWT) tro thanh:

KI thuat loai nhieu thong qua ngaong sau khi

thuc hien DWT nga\ na\ da va dang phat trien

manli vi kl thuat na\ co iru diem la do phac tap

vira phai chap nhan duoc kha nang triel on caọ

Tu> nhien \iec lua chon giai thuat cho viec loai

nhieu tin hieu ECG va chon cong nghe irng dung

cho he thong phan ciíng sir dung song con do rat

da dang Flon nua phuong phap loai bo on thong

qua ngirong sau khi thuc hien bien doi song con

kinh dien ga\ i-a hien tirgng Pseudo-Gibbs tai

dang song Q va S cua tin hieu ECG do DWT

Nham de giam hien taóng Pseudo-Gibbs tai dang

song (,) \a S thi vice lua chon giai thuat ngaang

thich nghi theo tirng bang con dagc dat ra trong

bai bao naỵ Cac ket qua thuc nghiem da chi ra

rang, phirong phap \6'i giai thuat trong bai bao

nay tot han phaong phap kinh dicn tren dav ma

van giu" duoc cac dac tinh hinh hgc cua tin hieu

ECG va t> so tin hieu tren on (SNR) dirge ap

dung tren cac he thong diia tren FPGA ket hgp

DSP

IỊ LOG NHIEL SL DUNG DWT

Bien doi song con da dagc irng dung rat rong

rai trong viec xir li lin hieu va hinh anh Hien na\

CO hai phiróng phap chinh loai on nha phep bien

66] song con cho cac tin hieu ECG: a) phirang

phap toi da modul bien dbi song con Tai phiriTng

phap iia>, CO the loai bo on \a liru lai thong tin

cua tm hicu goc tai cung thai dieiTi, nhirng so

lugng lin toan Ion va khong on dinli 111 b)

phirong phap song con ngirang loai on sau khi

bien doi sons con dirac de xuat bai Donoho vao

vai d^ ^^ ia cac he so ^ong con tai do phan giai /

0^ „ va (//,,, la cac ham phan giai \a ham song con tai do phan giai /

Phiróng phap ngirfyng loai on sau kin bien doi song con roi rac (DW'l^) la plian chia cac he

so song con vai mot ngaang dirge chgn on dinh

Thong thubng, cac he so song con na> eb bien Co

nho hon ngirang on duge dat lai bang zero va cac

he so song con khac co he so Ion hón nguon^i on

se duge giCr nguven (ggi la ngirong cung) hoac Li

CO lai chiit it (ngirong mem) Tin hieu FX'G ioai

bo on CO the dagc khoi phue tir cac he so s('>ng con nho bien doi IDW'T nha chi ra uom: hinh 2

P h t n t i ; l i M.JIỊMỊJ y\\"\ i-ịM

H'lnii 2 Ix)a! bo on dira ircn /ven doi úur^ coi

tren bien dêi seing con don gian '.a de ^king su

dung The nhang phaóng phap na\ sir dunLi ngirang cirng co the dan den sir giao dgiig eua

cac tin hieu khi khoi phuẹ con ngirang n"iem co the lam MIV giam tin hieu FT'CJ ( LKW biei su\

giam bien do song R) Heyn nira nguai ta tin rang,

phirong thuc song con Igai bo on kinh dien dira

PSCULIO-Gibbs tai cac song Q va R khi khoi pin.ic tin hicu ECG |4|

Phuang phap n g a a n g cung loai on d a g c su

dung \5\ sao cho

ECG trong mot khoi bien doi DWT, a~ la

phuong sai doi vdi on trang phan bo Gauss De

dan gian [6| xac dinh a = {medial^d^ ^\))/0.6145

Phiro'ng phap ngirong mem loai bo on

dagc sa dung | S | :

d

Viec lira chgn ngirong ^: thieii nghi du:i i "^)

phai CO gia tri cao ho'n gia tri v - cr ^,'2 log A

sao cho s(t) phai gan vai A ' ( / ) lien quan voi do

sai lech giira s(t) voi s[t) cong suat on ^ua lin hieu Do sai lech nay phai co loi binh phiro'ng

trunu binh nho diroc xac dinh :

so song con khi bien doi D W T cua tin hieu xO)

ECG goc khong co nhieu Con t' la ngaong

dagc dat truac tai do phan giai / sao cho

£^ = a 7 2 I o g ; V / ( l o g / -i- 1), y9 > 1 Ta co the

tha> rang tu\ theo gia tri cua /J duoc lua chgn

ma piurong phap n g a o n g mem co the d a g c coi

nhu la phuo'ng phap nguong cirng De

d^ ^^ ^ d, „ thi do leVn cua d ^, cang Ian dong vai

iro q u \ e t dinh va n h u va> no phan nao cung phu

thugc vao viec lira chgn loai song con duge sir

dung cho ham song con (// ,

Tin hieu ,s'(/) duoc khoi phue tir ^/,^, va

a^ ,^ nho bien doi ngugc song con reVi rac

Chung ta sir dung nguven Iv Stein 1"! trong bai

bao nay de tinh gia tri ngirang t:, thoa man gia

tri toi thieii cua bieu thirc (8)

thich nehi theo taim banii eon dua tren [)\\ I

Do on va cac anh h u o n g khac ma cac he so

song con (:/,„bi anh h a a n g khac nhau tuy theo

loai song con va tai do phan giaiy cua no Trong

bai hao nav chung ta do\ bieu ihire (4i ngu'ong

mem ihanh bieu thirc ngirong mem thich nghi cac

/idi txio dtwc dang irung Tup ctii Klioa Itoc va Cong n'^'fie , f)HOG Uu noi

I*^hi clo : vao thir nhat ha> bg dem ibi ra tha ba va eho

d = Yg(i-2n)d ii) phep chi thi tren man hinh tin hieu ECG

(10)

^ -I" - 'Y^h(i -2n)d (/) 3.2 Co che tinh toi'in nguo'ng thich ri^hi

Bieu ihu'c (8) khi khai trien chicm rat

III KIEN TRUC THIET KE FPGA nhieu dung lug-ng cong (gate) va thai gian xa li

kha Idn do he thong lien tue phai tinh (8i \i\ xir li Cac lep chira 1000 mau tin hieu dien tam d6 trong thai gian thuc, FPG.A la he thong co kha

(ECG) thu nhan tu benh nhan duge \ky ta tap ca "^"g ^it^h loan so hgc va giai tich thap nhirng

so da lieu co dja chi mang Internet '"^igt he thong FPGA dira tren khoi \u \\ tin hieu

http: 'vvvvvv.phvsionet.ore Cac tin hieu ECG yeu so (DSP) se cho phep giai cac bai toan \u !i phue cAii pht\n cang: ^s^P- Be thong DSP tuan tu ban khoang thoi gian

• Tan s6 lay mau tin hieu : 200Hz 2.6 giay nhan dir lieu tai bg dem tha 2 eua 1 PGA

Kich thuoc bo dem l6i thieu : N= 1024 ^^ ^u' ''^ ^au 100 miligiay tra lai ket qua va nang

cap du lieu tai bg dem thu hai nay va khoi dgni viec khoi phue lin hieu

• Do loc lapsong con: I = 8

3.1 Bo nho dem

Gia tri cua cac bien trong (8) thong thirdng sir

De thuc hien duge xu li vao ra thai gian thyc dung d^u ph^y dgng vi cac phep bi^n doi DWT

thi phan cimg phai xa li lien tue cac chuoi mau ^,^ ^^ y, y,,^ i^j-.,, ^l, ^\^,., t.^n sono con eo do chinh

vao va la I uy nhien, day mau da lieu tin hieu ^^^ ^-^ ^.^^, j - ^,^,^^ ,^.^^, ^i,^,^ ^,.^;;, ^,.^^ ^^.,^ ,^^ ^^ ECG lien tue phai duoc phan tach thanh tii'ne • -• , , - -i - i - ^ i-

, , - - C ' , - , * - song con co loi 14 con so sau dau phav) 1 uv

khoi duoc lu'ii Lziu' tron^: bo nho' dem , , • • • , , • , , '

" • • nhien phep loai on dua tren song con lai khong Chung ta sa dung tai 3 bg nha dem trong can doi hoi do chinh \ae nhir vav va lai gia iii khi bg nha dem dau tien laa tru' cac mau loi vao cac bien he thong FPGA khi sa dung dau phav

de thirc hien bien doi DWT cua khoi thir {n^}) tinh se do'n gian hon nhitiu trong bai bao nav

diT lieu loi vao thi bg nha dem Ihi'r hai chua cac

du lieu cua khoi ihi'r n dagc xi'r If Bg nha dem

tha 3 clnVa khoi da lieu thu n loi ra da dirge khoi

phue nho bien dbi 1DW''1 Kich thuoc cua bo nha

dem tha nhat va ihi'r ba co kich Ihaac N=1024 ^''^ong bai bao nav, chung toi sa dung cong chua so mau lin hieu ECG cua mot khbi 15i vao cu thiet ket FPGA la Xillinx'" Svstem Cjeneraior

9216 (veil do phan giaiy^^cV) chira ca du' lieu truac hgp FPG.A da sa dung la Xiiltx''^' ISL phicn bar

va sau khi xir li Nha cua bg dem thir hai ma phep 8.0 System Generator tao cac khoi ham mb

xu ii Ihu'c hien ddng thai, chdng Idp theo thai phone FPGA theo SIMULINK cua MatLab va vi gian do do thai gian tre do xa li dirge giam the viec thiet ke la kha thiian loi va tm eav

\ii6ng,

VI du neu thai gian bien deSi DWT eho 1024 Cac ma VHDL dagc tao ra ta dbiig khi MI mau VOI tan so mau 2001 Iz la khoang 5,1 giav dung Sv^icin Generator de dich cau Lep thi he thong xa li trinh tir co thai gian tre khoang SIMLLINK (.null), con Xlllin,\ ISE to hop de (5.1+5.1)^1^ 1 1.2 gia>' Day la thai gian tre du nap \ao kit Virtec-li Pro XC2VP3[', IkiiiL: 1 cho

Ion cho viec kiem tra tin hieu ECG cho benh ^hav cac veu e:\u con^i ehi liel lonu M^ J-r.::

nhantrongthoi gian thirc Nea he.xuli chong lap ^^,.^.^ ^j^„^^, ,.^ |^^,,,^ i,;,,,,,^ ^.-^,^, , ,-;^ ^^, ,^|^A^^

(song sonii) 4.1 Liiav thai gian bien dbi DWT va cnr- \ D- i i • i n/l^ u j /-•••.! i i •

^ * ^' ^ ' ^ - FPGA tO! da la lOO.MFIz, Gia thanli eua kit

IDWl thi thai man tre mam xuon" con khoans

-2.6 giav, Khoang thoi gian nay du de dich

chuven chu ki nhip tin liieu ECG vao bg dem Ibi

FPGA rat thap (gia Virlce-11 PIT, y^i^ I si) i

Mot mach dagc tliict kc de loai on dirge ehi la lron2 hinh 4,